1
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Lim S, Cho Y, Kang JH, Hwang M, Park Y, Kwak SK, Jung SH, Jung JH. Metallosupramolecular Multiblock Copolymers of Lanthanide Complexes by Seeded Living Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18484-18497. [PMID: 38888168 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular block copolymers, derived via seeded living polymerization, are increasingly recognized for their rich structural and functional diversity, marking them as cutting-edge materials. The use of metal complexes in supramolecular block copolymerization not only offers a broad range of block copolymers through the structural similarity in the coordination geometry of the central metal ion but also controls spectroscopic properties, such as emission wavelength, emission strength, and fluorescence lifetime. However, the exploration of metallosupramolecular multiblock copolymerization based on metal complexes remains quite limited. In this work, we present a pioneering synthesis of metallosupramolecular multiblock copolymers utilizing Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes as building blocks. This is achieved through the strategic manipulation of nonequilibrium self-assemblies via a living supramolecular polymerization approach. Our comprehensive exploration of both thermodynamically and kinetically regulated metallosupramolecular polymerizations, centered around Eu3+ and Tb3+ complexes with bisterpyridine-modified ligands containing R-alanine units and a long alkyl group, has highlighted intriguing behaviors. The monomeric [R-L1Eu(NO3)3] complex generates a spherical structure as the kinetic product. In contrast, the monomeric [R-L1Eu2(NO3)6] complex generates fiber aggregates as a thermodynamic product through intermolecular interactions such as π-π stacking, hydrophobic interaction, and H-bonds. Utilizing the Eu3+ complex, we successfully conducted seed-induced living polymerization of the monomeric building unit under kinetically regulated conditions. This yielded a metallosupramolecular polymer of precisely controlled length with minimal polydispersity. Moreover, by copolymerizing the kinetically confined Tb3+ complex state ("A" species) with a seed derived from the Eu3+ complex ("B" species), we were able to fabricate metallosupramolecular tri- and pentablock copolymers with A-B-A, and B-A-B-A-B types, respectively, through a seed-end chain-growth mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seola Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Cho
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyeong Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Park
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ho Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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2
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Das A, Ghosh S, Mishra A, Som A, Banakar VB, Agasti SS, George SJ. Enzymatic Reaction-Coupled, Cooperative Supramolecular Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14844-14855. [PMID: 38747446 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Nature employs sophisticated mechanisms to precisely regulate self-assembly and functions within biological systems, exemplified by the formation of cytoskeletal filaments. Various enzymatic reactions and auxiliary proteins couple with the self-assembly process, meticulously regulating the length and functions of resulting macromolecular structures. In this context, we present a bioinspired, reaction-coupled approach for the controlled supramolecular polymerization in synthetic systems. To achieve this, we employ an enzymatic reaction that interfaces with the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-templated supramolecular polymerization of naphthalene diimide monomers (NSG). Notably, the enzymatic production of ATP (template) plays a pivotal role in facilitating reaction-controlled, cooperative growth of the NSG monomers. This growth process, in turn, provides positive feedback to the enzymatic production of ATP, creating an ideal reaction-coupled assembly process. The success of this approach is further evident in the living-growth characteristic observed during seeding experiments, marking this method as the pioneering instance where reaction-coupled self-assembly precisely controls the growth kinetics and structural aspects of supramolecular polymers in a predictive manner, akin to biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angshuman Das
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Ananya Mishra
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Arka Som
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Vijay Basavaraj Banakar
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Sarit S Agasti
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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3
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Schwalb AJ, García F, Sánchez L. Electronically and geometrically complementary perylenediimides for kinetically controlled supramolecular copolymers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8137-8144. [PMID: 38817561 PMCID: PMC11134332 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01322k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of 3,4,9,10-benzo[d,e]isoquinolino[1,8-g,h]quinoline-tetracarboxylic diimide (BQQDI) 1 endowed with peripheral trialkoxybenzamide fragments is reported and its self-assembling features investigated. The peripheral benzamide moieties generate metastable monomeric species that afford a kinetically controlled supramolecular polymerization. The electron-withdrawing character of 1 in comparison with previously reported PDIs 2, together with the similar geometry, makes this dye an optimal candidate to perform seeded supramolecular copolymerization yielding four different supramolecular block copolymers. Whilst heteropolymers poly-1-co-2a, poly-2a-co-1 and poly-1-co-2b present an H-type arrangement of the monomeric units, heteropolymer poly-2b-co-1, prepared by seeding the chiral, metastable monomers of 2b with achiral seeds of 1, produces chiral, J-type aggregates. Interestingly, the monosignated CD signal of pristine poly-2b changes to a bisignated CD signal most probably due to the formation of columnar domains around the seeds of 1 which implies the blocky nature of the supramolecular copolymers formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso J Schwalb
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Fátima García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
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4
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Patra S, Chandrabhas S, Dhiman S, George SJ. Controlled Supramolecular Polymerization via Bioinspired, Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12577-12586. [PMID: 38683934 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic supramolecular assemblies, driven by noncovalent interactions, pervade the biological realm. In the synthetic domain, their counterparts, supramolecular polymers, endowed with remarkable self-repair and adaptive traits, are often realized through bioinspired designs. Recently, controlled supramolecular polymerization strategies have emerged, drawing inspiration from protein self-assembly. A burgeoning area of research involves mimicking the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) observed in proteins to create coacervate droplets and recognizing their significance in cellular organization and diverse functions. Herein, we introduce a novel perspective on synthetic coacervates, extending beyond their established role in synthetic biology as dynamic, membraneless phases to enable structural control in synthetic supramolecular polymers. Drawing parallels with the cooperative growth of amyloid fibrils through LLPS, we present metastable coacervate droplets as dormant monomer phases for controlled supramolecular polymerization. This is achieved via a π-conjugated monomer design that combines structural characteristics for both coacervation through its terminal ionic groups and one-dimensional growth via a π-conjugated core. This design leads to a unique temporal LLPS, resulting in a metastable coacervate phase, which subsequently undergoes one-dimensional growth via nucleation within the droplets. In-depth spectroscopic and microscopic characterization provides insights into the temporal evolution of disordered and ordered phases. Furthermore, to modulate the kinetics of liquid-to-solid transformation and to achieve precise control over the structural characteristics of the resulting supramolecular polymers, we invoke seeding in the droplets, showcasing living growth characteristics. Our work thus opens up new avenues in the exciting field of supramolecular polymerization, offering general design principles and controlled synthesis of precision self-assembled structures in confined environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Patra
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Sushmitha Chandrabhas
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Shikha Dhiman
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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5
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Kotha S, Sahu R, Yadav AC, Sharma P, Kumar BVVSP, Reddy SK, Rao KV. Noncovalent synthesis of homo and hetero-architectures of supramolecular polymers via secondary nucleation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3672. [PMID: 38693145 PMCID: PMC11063220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of supramolecular polymers with controlled architecture is a grand challenge in supramolecular chemistry. Although living supramolecular polymerization via primary nucleation has been extensively studied for controlling the supramolecular polymerization of small molecules, the resulting supramolecular polymers have typically exhibited one-dimensional morphology. In this report, we present the synthesis of intriguing supramolecular polymer architectures through a secondary nucleation event, a mechanism well-established in protein aggregation and the crystallization of small molecules. To achieve this, we choose perylene diimide with 2-ethylhexyl chains at the imide position as they are capable of forming dormant monomers in solution. Activating these dormant monomers via mechanical stimuli and hetero-seeding using propoxyethyl perylene diimide seeds, secondary nucleation event takes over, leading to the formation of three-dimensional spherical spherulites and scarf-like supramolecular polymer heterostructures, respectively. Therefore, the results presented in this study propose a simple molecular design for synthesizing well-defined supramolecular polymer architectures via secondary nucleation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinu Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Rahul Sahu
- Centre for Computational and Data Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Aditya Chandrakant Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - B V V S Pavan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sandeep K Reddy
- Centre for Computational and Data Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
| | - Kotagiri Venkata Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502284, India.
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6
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Liao C, Gong Y, Che Y, Cui L, Liu Y, Ji H, Zhang Y, Zang L, Zhao J, Che Y. Living Self-Assembly of Metastable and Stable Two-Dimensional Platelets from a Single Small Molecule. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301747. [PMID: 37815852 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the design of a donor-acceptor (D-A) molecule with two fluorene units on each side of a benzothiadiazole moiety, which allows multiple intermolecular interactions to compete with one another so as to induce the evolution of the metastable 2D platelets to the stable 2D platelets during the self-assembly of the D-A molecule. Importantly, the living seeded self-assembly of metastable and stable 2D structures with precisely controlled sizes can be conveniently achieved using an appropriate supersaturated level of a solution of the D-A molecule as the seeded growth medium that can temporarily hold the almost-proceeding spontaneous nucleation from competing with the seeded growth. The stable 2D platelets with smaller area sizes exhibit higher sensitivity to gaseous dimethyl sulfide, illustrating that the novel living self-assembly method provides more available functional structures with controlled sizes for practical applications. The key finding of this study is that the new living methodology is separated into two independent processes: the elaborate molecular design for various crystalline structures as seeds and the application of a supersaturated solution with appropriate levels as the growth medium to grow the uniform structures with controlled sizes; this would make convenient and possible the living seeded self-assembly of rich 1D, 2D, and 3D architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanxue Che
- HT-NOVA Co., Ltd., Zhuyuan Road, Shunyi District, Beijing, 101312, China
| | - Linfeng Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050023, P. R. China
| | - Yangxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ling Zang
- Nano Institute of Utah, and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanke Che
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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7
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Chen Y, Wan Q, Shi Y, Tang B, Che CM, Liu C. Three-Component Multiblock 1D Supramolecular Copolymers of Ir(III) Complexes with Controllable Sequences. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312844. [PMID: 37905561 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent supramolecular block copolymers (BCPs) have attracted much attention due to their potential functionalities, but examples of three-component supramolecular BCPs are rare. Herein, we report the synthesis of three-component multiblock 1D supramolecular copolymers of Ir(III) complexes 1-3 by a sequential seeded supramolecular polymerization approach. Precise control over the kinetically trapped species via the pathway complexity of the monomers is the key to the successful synthesis of BCPs with up to 9 blocks. Furthermore, 5-block BCPs with different sequences could be synthesized by changing the addition order of the kinetic species during a sequentially seeded process. The corresponding heterogeneous nucleation-elongation process has been confirmed by the UV/Vis absorption spectra, and each segment of the multiblock copolymers could be characterized by both TEM and SEM. Interestingly, the energy transfer leads to weakened emission of 1-terminated and enhanced emission of 3-terminated BCPs. This study will be an important step in advancing the synthesis and properties of three-component BCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Qingyun Wan
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bingtao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, China
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8
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Sarkar S, Laishram R, Deb D, George SJ. Controlled Noncovalent Synthesis of Secondary Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22009-22018. [PMID: 37754784 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic supramolecular polymers, with their functional similarities to classical covalent polymers and their adaptive and self-repairing nature reminiscent of biological assemblies, have emerged as highly promising systems for the design of smart soft materials. Recent advancements in mechanistic investigations and novel synthetic strategies, such as living supramolecular polymerization, have significantly enhanced our ability to control the primary structure of these supramolecular polymers. However, realizing their full functional potential requires expanding their topological diversity in a manner akin to classical polymers as well as achieving precise molecular organization at higher hierarchical levels of self-assembly. In this paper, we present a remarkable advancement in this field, introducing an unprecedented and controlled synthesis of secondary supramolecular polymers. Our innovative strategy combines chirality-controlled surface-catalyzed secondary nucleation and a bioinspired peptide design, effectively stabilizing higher-order assembly. Furthermore, by harnessing this stereoselective nucleation process, we demonstrate the successful synthesis of racemic supramolecular polymers featuring parallelly stacked conglomerate microstructures─a previously unreported topology in synthetic self-assembled systems. Additionally, we elucidate that the extent of secondary supramolecular polymers can be regulated by modulating the enantiomeric excess of the chiral monomers. Consequently, our study unveils new topologies that exhibit enhanced higher-order structural complexity in the realm of supramolecular polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Sarkar
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Raju Laishram
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Darshana Deb
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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9
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González-Sánchez M, Mayoral MJ, Vázquez-González V, Paloncýová M, Sancho-Casado I, Aparicio F, de Juan A, Longhi G, Norman P, Linares M, González-Rodríguez D. Stacked or Folded? Impact of Chelate Cooperativity on the Self-Assembly Pathway to Helical Nanotubes from Dinucleobase Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17805-17818. [PMID: 37531225 PMCID: PMC10436278 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanotubes exhibit impressive biological functions that have always inspired supramolecular scientists in their efforts to develop strategies to build such structures from small molecules through a bottom-up approach. One of these strategies employs molecules endowed with self-recognizing motifs at the edges, which can undergo either cyclization-stacking or folding-polymerization processes that lead to tubular architectures. Which of these self-assembly pathways is ultimately selected by these molecules is, however, often difficult to predict and even to evaluate experimentally. We show here a unique example of two structurally related molecules substituted with complementary nucleobases at the edges (i.e., G:C and A:U) for which the supramolecular pathway taken is determined by chelate cooperativity, that is, by their propensity to assemble in specific cyclic structures through Watson-Crick pairing. Because of chelate cooperativities that differ in several orders of magnitude, these molecules exhibit distinct supramolecular scenarios prior to their polymerization that generate self-assembled nanotubes with different internal monomer arrangements, either stacked or coiled, which lead at the same time to opposite helicities and chiroptical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina González-Sánchez
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Mayoral
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Complutense
de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Violeta Vázquez-González
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Markéta Paloncýová
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Sancho-Casado
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Aparicio
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto de Juan
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanna Longhi
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrick Norman
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences
in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics and Scientific Visualization Group, ITN, Campus
Norrköping; Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC), Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - David González-Rodríguez
- Nanostructured
Molecular Systems and Materials Group, Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Shi W, Xia Z, Zong Y, Wang R, Liu J, Lu C. Dynamic Control over Hierarchically Dendritic Architectures of Simple Heterogenous Monomers by Living Supramolecular Assembly. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37390488 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The successful preparation of supramolecular block copolymers (SBCPs) by living supramolecular assembly technology requires two kinetic systems in which both the seed (nucleus) and heterogenous monomer providers are in non-equilibrium. However, employing simple monomers to construct the SBCPs via this technology is almost impossible because the low spontaneous nucleation barrier of simple molecules prevents the formation of kinetic states. Here, with the help of confinement from layered double hydroxide (LDH), various simple monomers successfully form living supramolecular co-assemblies (LSCA). LDH overcomes a considerable energy barrier to obtain living seeds to support the growth of the inactivated second monomer. The ordered LDH topology is sequentially mapped to the seed, second monomer, and binding sites. Thus, the multidirectional binding sites are endowed with the ability to branch, making the branch length of dendritic LSCA reach its maximum value of 3.5 cm so far. The strategy of universality will guide exploration into the development of multi-function and multi-topology advanced supramolecular co-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yingtong Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruixing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029 Beijing, P. R. China
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11
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Ai Y, Ni Z, Shu Z, Zeng Q, Lei X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Fei Y, Li Y. Supramolecular Strategy to Achieve Distinct Optical Characteristics and Boosted Chiroptical Enhancement Based on the Closed Conformation of Platinum(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37365822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of chiral molecules for understanding and revealing the expression, transfer, and amplification of chirality is beneficial to explore effective chiral medicines and high-performance chiroptical materials. Herein, we report a series of square-planar phosphorescent platinum(II) complexes adopting a dominantly closed conformation that exhibit efficient chiroptical transfer and enhancement due to the nonclassical intramolecular C-H···O or C-H···F hydrogen bonds between bipyridyl chelating and alkynyl auxiliary ligands as well as the intermolecular π-π stacking and metal-metal interactions. The spectroscopic and theoretical calculation results demonstrate that the chirality and optic properties are regulated from the molecular level to hierarchical assemblies. Notably, a 154 times larger gabs value of the circular dichroism signals is obtained. This study provides a feasible design principle to achieve large chiropticity and control the expression and transfer of the chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Ai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Qingguo Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yihang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yuexuan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Yongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
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12
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Itabashi H, Tashiro K, Koshikawa S, Datta S, Yagai S. Distinct seed topologies enable comparison of elongation and secondary nucleation pathways in seeded supramolecular polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37161759 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01587d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of seed topologies on seeded supramolecular polymerization was examined using helicoidal and toroidal supramolecular polymer seeds. The addition of these seeds to a supersaturated solution of monomers led to distinct nucleation-growth kinetics, which were attributed to the significant difference between the elongation from helicoid termini and secondary nucleation catalyzed by the toroid surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Itabashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Keigo Tashiro
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8633, Japan
| | - Shumpei Koshikawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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13
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Khanra P, Singh AK, Roy L, Das A. Pathway Complexity in Supramolecular Copolymerization and Blocky Star Copolymers by a Hetero-Seeding Effect. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5270-5284. [PMID: 36797682 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
This study unravels the intricate kinetic and thermodynamic pathways involved in the supramolecular copolymerization of the two chiral dipolar naphthalene monoimide (NMI) building blocks (O-NMI and S-NMI), differing merely by a single heteroatom (oxygen vs sulfur). O-NMI exhibits distinct supramolecular polymerization features as compared to S-NMI in terms of its pathway complexity, hierarchical organization, and chiroptical properties. Two distinct self-assembly pathways in O-NMI occur due to the interplay between the competing dipolar interactions among the NMI chromophores and amide-amide hydrogen (H)-bonding that engenders distinct nanotapes and helical fibers, from its antiparallel and parallel stacking modes, respectively. In contrast, the propensity of S-NMI to form only a stable spherical assembly is ascribed to its much stronger amide-amide H-bonding, which outperforms other competing interactions. Under the thermodynamic route, an equimolar mixture of the two monomers generates a temporally controlled chiral statistical supramolecular copolymer that autocatalytically evolves from an initially formed metastable spherical heterostructure. In contrast, the sequence-controlled addition of the two monomers leads to the kinetically driven hetero-seeded block copolymerization. The ability to trap O-NMI in a metastable state allows its secondary nucleation from the surface of the thermodynamically stable S-NMI spherical "seed", which leads to the core-multiarmed "star" copolymer with reversibly and temporally controllable length of the growing O-NMI "arms" from the S-NMI "core". Unlike the one-dimensional self-assembly of O-NMI and its random co-assembly with S-NMI, which are both chiral, unprecedentedly, the preferred helical bias of the nucleating O-NMI fibers is completely inhibited by the absence of stereoregularity of the S-NMI "seed" in the "star" topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Khanra
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ajeet Kumar Singh
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Bhubaneswar 751013, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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14
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Bäumer N, Castellanos E, Soberats B, Fernández G. Bioinspired crowding directs supramolecular polymerisation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1084. [PMID: 36841784 PMCID: PMC9968348 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Crowding effects are crucial to maintaining functionality in biological systems, but little is known about their role in analogous artificial counterparts. Within the growing field of supramolecular polymer science, crowding effects have hitherto remained underappreciated. Herein, we show that crowding effects exhibit strong and distinct control over the kinetics, accessible pathways and final outcomes of supramolecular polymerisation processes. In the presence of a pre-formed supramolecular polymer as crowding agent, a model supramolecular polymer dramatically changes its self-assembly behaviour and undergoes a morphological transformation from bundled fibres into flower-like hierarchical assemblies, despite no co-assembly taking place. Notably, this new pathway can only be accessed in crowded environments and when the crowding agent exhibits a one-dimensional morphology. These results allow accessing diverse morphologies and properties in supramolecular polymers and pave the way towards a better understanding of high-precision self-assembly in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster, Organisch Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Eduardo Castellanos
- grid.9563.90000 0001 1940 4767Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, 07122 Spain
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- grid.9563.90000 0001 1940 4767Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, 07122 Spain
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Westfälische-Wilhelms Universität Münster, Organisch Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Ravarino P, Panja S, Bianco S, Koev T, Wallace M, Adams DJ. Controlled Annealing in Adaptive Multicomponent Gels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215813. [PMID: 36418223 PMCID: PMC10107119 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We use a pH-driven annealing process to convert between co-assembled and self-sorted networks in multicomponent gels. The initially formed gels at low pH are co-assembled, with the two components coexisting within the same self-assembled structures. We use an enzymatic approach to increase the pH, resulting in a gel-to-sol transition, followed by a hydrolysis to lower the pH once again. As the pH decreases, a self-sorted network is formed by a two-stage gelation process determined by the pKa of each component. This approach can be expanded to layered systems to generate many varied systems by changing composition and rates of pH change, adapting their microstructure and so allowing access to a far greater range of morphologies and complexity than can be achieved in single component systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ravarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica Giacomo Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Santanu Panja
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Simona Bianco
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Todor Koev
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Matthew Wallace
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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16
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Itabashi H, Datta S, Tsukuda R, Hollamby MJ, Yagai S. Fine-tuning of the size of supramolecular nanotoroids suppresses the subsequent catenation of nano-[2]catenane. Chem Sci 2023; 14:3270-3276. [PMID: 36970099 PMCID: PMC10034040 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc07063d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The reduction in the inner diameter of the nanotoroids of a π-conjugated barbiturate monomer results in nano-[2]catenanes in a high yield due to enhanced secondary nucleation and subsequent steric suppression of further catenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Itabashi
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sougata Datta
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tsukuda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Martin J. Hollamby
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordsgire, ST55BG, UK
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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17
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Order from disorder: Directed assembly of alkyl-π functional molecular liquids. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Supramolecular Polymers: Recent Advances Based on the Types of Underlying Interactions. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Bujosa S, Doncel‐Giménez A, Bäumer N, Fernández G, Ortí E, Costa A, Rotger C, Aragó J, Soberats B. Thermoreversible Polymorph Transitions in Supramolecular Polymers of Hydrogen-Bonded Squaramides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213345. [PMID: 36178740 PMCID: PMC9828658 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded squaramide (SQ) supramolecular polymers exhibit uncommon thermoreversible polymorph transitions between particle- and fiber-like nanostructures. SQs 1-3, with different steric bulk, self-assemble in solution into particles (AggI) upon cooling to 298 K, and SQs 1 and 2, with only one dendronic group, show a reversible transformation into fibers (AggII) by further decreasing the temperature to 288 K. Nano-DSC and UV/Vis studies on SQ 1 reveal a concentration-dependent transition temperature and ΔH for the AggI-to-AggII conversion, while the kinetic studies on SQ 2 indicate the on-pathway nature of the polymorph transition. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies reveal that these transitions are triggered by the molecular reorganization of the SQ units changing from slipped to head-to-tail hydrogen bonding patterns. This work unveils the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of reversible polymorph transitions that are of interest to develop stimuli-responsive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Bujosa
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Azahara Doncel‐Giménez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)Universidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán, 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches InstitutCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)Universidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán, 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Antonio Costa
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Carmen Rotger
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)Universidad de ValenciaC/Catedrático José Beltrán, 246980PaternaSpain
| | - Bartolome Soberats
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCra. Valldemossa, Km. 7.507122Palma de MallorcaSpain
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20
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López-Gandul L, Naranjo C, Sánchez C, Rodríguez R, Gómez R, Crassous J, Sánchez L. Stereomutation and chiroptical bias in the kinetically controlled supramolecular polymerization of cyano-luminogens. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11577-11584. [PMID: 36320383 PMCID: PMC9555562 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of two pairs of enantiomeric cyano-luminogens 1 and 2, in which the central chromophore is a p-phenylene or a 2,5-dithienylbenzene moiety, respectively, is described and their supramolecular polymerization under kinetic and thermodynamic control investigated. Compounds 1 and 2 form supramolecular polymers by quadruple H-bonding arrays between the amide groups and the π-stacking of the central aromatic moieties. In addition, the peripheral benzamide units are able to form intramolecularly H-bonded pseudocycles that behave as metastable monomer M* thus affording kinetically and thermodynamically controlled aggregated species AggI and AggII. The chiroptical and emissive features of compounds 1 and 2 strongly depend on the aggregation state and the nature of the central aromatic unit. Compounds 1 exhibit a bisignated dichroic response of different intensity but with similar sign for both AggI1 and AggII1 species, which suggests the formation of helical aggregates. In fact, these helical supramolecular polymers can be visualized by AFM imaging. Furthermore, both AggI and AggII species formed by the self-assembly of compounds 1 show CPL (circularly polarized light) activity of opposite sign depending on the aggregation state. Thienyl-derivatives 2 display dissimilar chiroptical, morphological and emissive characteristics for the corresponding kinetically and thermodynamically controlled aggregated species AggI and AggII in comparison to those registered for compounds 1. Thus, a stereomutation phenomenon is observed in the AggI2 → AggII2 conversion. In addition, AggI2 is arranged into nanoparticles that evolve to helical aggregates to afford AggII2. The dissimilar chiroptical and morphological features of AggI2 and AggII2 are also appreciated in the emissive properties. Thus, whilst AggI2 experiences a clear AIE (aggregation induced emission) process and CPL activity, the thermodynamically controlled AggII2 undergoes an ACQ (aggregation caused quenching) process in which the CPL activity is cancelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía López-Gandul
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad; de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina Naranjo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad; de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Cecilia Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad; de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Rafael Rodríguez
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad; de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Luis Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad; de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid Spain
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21
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Zhang R, Ahmed A, Yu B, Cong H, Shen Y. Preparation, application and development of poly(ionic liquid) microspheres. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Ghosh G, Chakraborty A, Pal P, Jana B, Ghosh S. Direct Participation of Solvent Molecules in the Formation of Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201082. [PMID: 35475531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This article reports supramolecular polymerization of two bis-amide functionalized naphthalene-diimide (NDI) building blocks (NDI-L and NDI-C) in two solvents, namely n-heptane (Hep) and methylcyclohexane (MCH). NDI-L and NDI-C differ only by the peripheral hydrocarbon wedges, consisting of linear C7 chains or cyclic methylcyclohexane rings, respectively. UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopy studies reveal distinct internal order and H-bonding pattern for NDI-L and NDI-C aggregates irrespective of the solvent system, indicating the dominant role of the intrinsic packing parameters of the individual building block, possibly influenced by the peripheral steric crowding. However, NDI-L produces a significantly stronger gel in Hep compared to MCH as evident from the rheological and thermal properties. In contrast, NDI-C exhibits a clear preference for MCH, producing gel with moderate strength but in Hep it fails to produce 1D morphology or gelation. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies corroborate with the experimental observation and provide the rationale for the observed solvent-shape effect by revealing a quantitative estimate regarding the thermodynamics of self-assembly in these four combinations. Such clear-cut shape-matching effect (between the peripheral hydrocarbon wedge and the solvent system) unambiguously support a direct participation of the solvent molecules during supramolecular polymerization and presence of a closely-adhered solvent shell around the supramolecular polymers, similar to the first layer of water molecules around the protein surface. Solvent induced CD experiments support this hypothesis as induced CD band was observed only from a chiral co-solvent of matching shape. This is reconfirmed by the higher de-solvation temperature of the shape-matching NDI/solvent system combination compared to the shape mis-match combination in variable temperature UV/Vis experiments, revealing transformation to a different aggregate at higher temperatures rather than disassembly to the monomer for all four combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Anwesha Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Prasun Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Biman Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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23
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Laishram R, Sarkar S, Seth I, Khatun N, Aswal VK, Maitra U, George SJ. Secondary Nucleation-Triggered Physical Cross-Links and Tunable Stiffness in Seeded Supramolecular Hydrogels. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11306-11315. [PMID: 35707951 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding and the control of molecular self-assembly at all hierarchical levels remain grand challenges in supramolecular chemistry. Functional realization of dynamic supramolecular materials especially requires programmed assembly at higher levels of molecular organization. Herein, we report an unprecedented molecular control on the fibrous network topology of supramolecular hydrogels and their resulting macroscopic properties by biasing assembly pathways of higher-order structures. The surface-catalyzed secondary nucleation process, a well-known mechanism in amyloid fibrilization and chiral crystallization of small molecules, is introduced as a non-covalent strategy to induce physical cross-links and bundling of supramolecular fibers, which influences the microstructure of gel networks and subsequent mechanical properties of hydrogels. In addition, seed-induced instantaneous gelation is realized in the kinetically controlled self-assembled system under this study, and more importantly, the extent of secondary nucleation events and network topology is manipulated by the concentration of seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Laishram
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Indranil Seth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Nurjahan Khatun
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS), Bangalore 562162, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Uday Maitra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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24
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Matern J, Fernández Z, Bäumer N, Fernández G. Expanding the Scope of Metastable Species in Hydrogen Bonding‐Directed Supramolecular Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203783. [PMID: 35362184 PMCID: PMC9321731 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We reveal unique hydrogen (H‐) bonding patterns and exploit them to control the kinetics, pathways and length of supramolecular polymers (SPs). New bisamide‐containing monomers were designed to elucidate the role of competing intra‐ vs. intermolecular H‐bonding interactions on the kinetics of supramolecular polymerization (SP). Remarkably, two polymerization‐inactive metastable states were discovered. Contrary to previous examples, the commonly assumed intramolecularly H‐bonded monomer does not evolve into intermolecularly H‐bonded SPs via ring opening, but rather forms a metastable dimer. In this dimer, all H‐bonding sites are saturated, either intra‐ or intermolecularly, hampering elongation. The dimers exhibit an advantageous preorganization, which upon opening of the intramolecular portion of the H‐bonding motif facilitates SP in a consecutive process. The retardation of spontaneous self‐assembly as a result of two metastable states enables length control in SP by seed‐mediated growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Matern
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Zulema Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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25
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Liao R, Wang F, Guo Y, Han Y, Wang F. Chirality-Controlled Supramolecular Donor-Acceptor Copolymerization with Distinct Energy Transfer Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9775-9784. [PMID: 35621014 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chirality delivers substantial value to the field of supramolecular polymers, not only serving as a probe to monitor the dynamic assembly process but providing access to chiroptical materials. The current study demonstrates that, for supramolecular donor-acceptor copolymers, their comonomer organization modes can be greatly influenced by stereocommunication at the molecular level. The enantiopure N-[(1R or 1S)-phenylethyl]benzamides are incorporated into two structurally similar comonomers, locating between the π-aromatic diethynylacene core and the alkyl chain peripheries. Parallel arrangement of the stereogenic methyl units brings steric hindrance between the homochiral comonomers, which is relieved for the heterochiral comonomers due to the adoption of staggered arrangement. It consequently steers randomly mixed organization for the homochiral supramolecular copolymers within the nanofibers. In comparison, the heterochiral counterparts form nanoparticles in an alternate donor-acceptor organization manner. The variation of comonomer arrangement modes gives rise to distinct energy transfer efficiency at the supramolecular level. Overall, the elaborate manipulation of stereogenic centers in the comonomer structures exerts significant impacts on the characteristics of supramolecular copolymers, which could be useful for chiral sensing, recognition, and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
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26
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Suda N, Arima H, Saito T, Aizawa T, Yagai S. Fluorescent Nanofibers Self-Assembled from a Diphenylanthracene Scissor-Shaped Dyad. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takumi Aizawa
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research (IAAR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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27
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Rajak A, Das A. Crystallization-Driven Controlled Two-Dimensional (2D) Assemblies from Chromophore-Appended Poly(L-lactide)s: Highly Efficient Energy Transfer on a 2D Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116572. [PMID: 35137517 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A rational approach towards precision two-dimensional (2D) assemblies by crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of poly(L-lactides) (PLLAs), end-capped with dipolar dyes like merocyanine (MC) or naphthalene monoimide (NMI) and hydrophobic pyrene (PY) or benzene (Bn) is described. PLLA chains crystallize into diamond-shaped platelets in isopropanol, which forces the terminal dyes to assemble into a 2D array on the platelet surface by either dipolar interactions or π-stacking and exhibit tunable emission. Dipolar dyes play a critical role in imparting colloidal stability and structural uniformity to the 2D crystals, which is partly compromised for hydrophobic ones. Co-crystallization between NMI- and PY-labeled PLLAs yields similar diamond-shaped co-platelets with highly efficient (≈80 %) Förster Resonance Energy Transfer on the 2D surface. Further, the "living" CDSA method confers enlarged, segmented block co-platelets using one of the homopolymers as "seed" and the other as "unimer".
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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28
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Matern J, Fernandez Z, Bäumer N, Fernandez G. Expanding the Scope of Metastable Species in Hydrogen Bonding‐Directed Supramolecular Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Matern
- WWU Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Organisch-Chemisches Institut GERMANY
| | - Zulema Fernandez
- WWU Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Organisch-Chemisches Institut GERMANY
| | - Nils Bäumer
- WWU Münster: Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster Organisch-Chemisches Institut GERMANY
| | - Gustavo Fernandez
- WWU Münster Organisch-Chemisches Institut Correnstraße, 4ß 48149 Münster GERMANY
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29
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Garain S, Sarkar S, Chandra Garain B, Pati SK, George SJ. Chiral Arylene Diimide Phosphors: Circularly Polarized Ambient Phosphorescence from Bischromophoric Pyromellitic Diimides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115773. [PMID: 35015335 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chiral organic phosphors with circularly polarized room-temperature phosphorescence (CPP) provide new prospects to the realm of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials, owing to the long-lived triplet states and persistent emission. Although several molecular designs show efficient room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), realization of ambient organic CPP remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we introduce a chiral bischromophoric phosphor design to realize ambient CPP emission by appending molecular phosphors to a chiral diaminocyclohexane core. Thus, solution-processable polymer films of the trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DAC) chiral cores with heavy-atom substituted pyromellitic diimide phosphors, exhibits one of the most efficient exclusive CPP emissions with high phosphorescence quantum yield (≈18 % in air and ≈46 % under vacuum) and significant luminescence dissymmetry factor (|glum |≈4.0×10-3 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhin Garain
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | | | - Swapan K Pati
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India.,Theoretical Sciences Unit, JNCASR, India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
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30
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Hamada K, Shimoyama D, Hirao T, Haino T. Chiral Supramolecular Polymer Formed via Host-Guest Complexation of an Octaphosphonate Biscavitand and a Chiral Diammonium Guest. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Hamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526
| | - Daisuke Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526
| | - Takehiro Hirao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526
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31
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Dhiman S, Andrian T, Gonzalez BS, Tholen MME, Wang Y, Albertazzi L. Can super-resolution microscopy become a standard characterization technique for materials chemistry? Chem Sci 2022; 13:2152-2166. [PMID: 35310478 PMCID: PMC8864713 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05506b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of newly synthesized materials is a cornerstone of all chemistry and nanotechnology laboratories. For this purpose, a wide array of analytical techniques have been standardized and are used routinely by laboratories across the globe. With these methods we can understand the structure, dynamics and function of novel molecular architectures and their relations with the desired performance, guiding the development of the next generation of materials. Moreover, one of the challenges in materials chemistry is the lack of reproducibility due to improper publishing of the sample preparation protocol. In this context, the recent adoption of the reporting standard MIRIBEL (Minimum Information Reporting in Bio-Nano Experimental Literature) for material characterization and details of experimental protocols aims to provide complete, reproducible and reliable sample preparation for the scientific community. Thus, MIRIBEL should be immediately adopted in publications by scientific journals to overcome this challenge. Besides current standard spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, there is a constant development of novel technologies that aim to help chemists unveil the structure of complex materials. Among them super-resolution microscopy (SRM), an optical technique that bypasses the diffraction limit of light, has facilitated the study of synthetic materials with multicolor ability and minimal invasiveness at nanometric resolution. Although still in its infancy, the potential of SRM to unveil the structure, dynamics and function of complex synthetic architectures has been highlighted in pioneering reports during the last few years. Currently, SRM is a sophisticated technique with many challenges in sample preparation, data analysis, environmental control and automation, and moreover the instrumentation is still expensive. Therefore, SRM is currently limited to expert users and is not implemented in characterization routines. This perspective discusses the potential of SRM to transition from a niche technique to a standard routine method for material characterization. We propose a roadmap for the necessary developments required for this purpose based on a collaborative effort from scientists and engineers across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Dhiman
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Teodora Andrian
- Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
| | - Beatriz Santiago Gonzalez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Marrit M E Tholen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology Postbus 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute of Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
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32
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Rajak A, Das A. Crystallization‐Driven Controlled Two‐Dimensional (2D) Assemblies from Chromophore‐Appended Poly(L‐lactide)s: Highly Efficient Energy Transfer on a 2D Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Rajak
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata-700032 India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Jadavpur Kolkata-700032 India
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33
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34
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Ghosh A, Dubey SK, Patra M, Mandal J, Ghosh NN, Saha R, Bhattacharjee S. Coiled‐Coil Helical Nano‐Assemblies: Shape Persistent, Thixotropic, and Tunable Chiroptical Properties. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angshuman Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713340 West Bengal India
- TCG Lifescience, Block BN, Sector V, Saltlake Kolkata 700156 West Bengal India
| | - Soumen Kumar Dubey
- Department of Chemistry Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713340 West Bengal India
| | - Maxcimilan Patra
- Department of Chemistry Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713340 West Bengal India
| | - Jishu Mandal
- CIF Biophysical Laboratory CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Narendra Nath Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry University of Gour Banga Mokdumpur- 732103 West Bengal India
| | - Rajat Saha
- Department of Chemistry Kazi Nazrul University Asansol 713340 West Bengal India
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35
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Garain S, Sarkar S, Garain BC, Pati SK, George SJ. Chiral Arylene Diimide Phosphors: Circularly Polarized Ambient Phosphorescence from Bischromophoric Pyromellitic Diimides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swadhin Garain
- JNCASR: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research New Chemistry Unit INDIA
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- JNCASR: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research New Chemistry Unit INDIA
| | - Bidhan Chandra Garain
- JNCASR: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Theoretical Sciences Unit INDIA
| | - Swapan Kumar Pati
- JNCASR: Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Theoretical Sciences Unit INDIA
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36
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Controlling the length of porphyrin supramolecular polymers via coupled equilibria and dilution-induced supramolecular polymerization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:248. [PMID: 35017511 PMCID: PMC8752679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27831-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-component systems often display convoluted behavior, pathway complexity and coupled equilibria. In recent years, several ways to control complex systems by manipulating the subtle balances of interaction energies between the individual components have been explored and thereby shifting the equilibrium between different aggregate states. Here we show the enantioselective chain-capping and dilution-induced supramolecular polymerization with a Zn2+-porphyrin-based supramolecular system when going from long, highly cooperative supramolecular polymers to short, disordered aggregates by adding a monotopic Mn3+-porphyrin monomer. When mixing the zinc and manganese centered monomers, the Mn3+-porphyrins act as chain-cappers for Zn2+-porphyrin supramolecular polymers, effectively hindering growth of the copolymer and reducing the length. Upon dilution, the interaction between chain-capper and monomers weakens as the equilibria shift and long supramolecular polymers form again. This dynamic modulation of aggregate morphology and length is achieved through enantioselectivity in the aggregation pathways and concentration-sensitive equilibria. All-atom and coarse-grained molecular simulations provide further insights into the mixing of the species and their exchange dynamics. Our combined experimental and theoretical approach allows for precise control of molecular self-assembly and chiral discrimination in complex systems.
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37
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Tashiro K, Katayama K, Tamaki K, Pesce L, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Hollamby MJ, Pavan GM, Yagai S. Non‐uniform Photoinduced Unfolding of Supramolecular Polymers Leading to Topological Block Nanofibers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Kosuke Katayama
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
| | - Luca Pesce
- Department of Innovative Technologies University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland Via La Santa 1 6962 Lugano-Viganello Switzerland
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba 305–0801 Japan
| | - Martin J. Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences Keele University Keele Staffordshire ST55BG UK
| | - Giovanni M. Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland Via La Santa 1 6962 Lugano-Viganello Switzerland
- Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University 1–33 Yayoi-cho Inage-ku Chiba 263–8522 Japan
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38
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Hirao T, Fujii N, Iwabe Y, Haino T. Self-sorting behavior in supramolecular fullerene polymerization directed by host-guest complexation between calix[5]arene and C 60. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11831-11834. [PMID: 34698736 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We describe self-sorting supramolecular polymerization that uses chiral calix[5]arene hosts and a dumbbell-shaped fullerene guest. In a solution containing the racemic host and the guest, the (S)-host and the (R)-host preferably formed their homomeric complexes to form helical supramolecular fullerene polymers in a self-sorting manner. The self-sorting behavior has been studied using diffusion-ordered 1H NMR (DOSY) and circular dichroism (CD) studies. The present findings show that it is possible to accomplish controlled supramolecular polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Hirao
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Naoka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoshiki Iwabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
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Khodaverdi M, Hossain MS, Zhang Z, Martino RP, Nehls CW, Mozhdehi D. Pathway‐Selection for Programmable Assembly of Genetically Encoded Amphiphiles by Thermal Processing. CHEMSYSTEMSCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/syst.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Khodaverdi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Robert P. Martino
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Connor W. Nehls
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
| | - Davoud Mozhdehi
- Department of Chemistry Syracuse University Center for Science and Technology, 111 Syracuse NY 13244 USA
- BioInspired Syracuse Institute for Material and Living Systems Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA
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Tashiro K, Saito T, Arima H, Suda N, Vedhanarayanan B, Yagai S. Scissor-Shaped Photochromic Dyads: Hierarchical Self-Assembly and Photoresponsive Property. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100252. [PMID: 34669237 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Unique relationships between hierarchically organized biological nanostructures and functions have motivated chemists to construct sophisticated artificial nanostructured systems from small and simple synthetic molecules through self-assembly. As one of such sophisticated systems, we have investigated scissor-shaped photochromic dyads that can hierarchically self-assemble into discrete nanostructures showing photoresponsive properties. We synthesized various azobenzene dyads and found that these dyads adopt intramolecularly folded conformation like a closed scissor, and then self-assemble into toroidal nanostructures by generating curvature. The toroids further organize into nanotubes and further into helical supramolecular fibers depending on the nature of alkyl substituents. All of these nanostructures can be dissociated and reorganized through the photoisomerization of azobenzene units. On the other hand, the introduction of stilbene chromophores instead of azobenzenes leads to one-dimensional supramolecular polymerization, which upon the intramolecular photocyclization of stilbene chromophores shifts to curved self-assembly leading to helicoidal fibers with distinct supramolecular chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuho Saito
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hironari Arima
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Natsuki Suda
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Balaraman Vedhanarayanan
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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41
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Tashiro K, Katayama K, Tamaki K, Pesce L, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Hollamby MJ, Pavan GM, Yagai S. Non-uniform Photoinduced Unfolding of Supramolecular Polymers Leading to Topological Block Nanofibers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26986-26993. [PMID: 34623014 PMCID: PMC9298767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of one-dimensional nanofibers with distinct topological (higher-order structural) domains in the same main chain is one of the challenging topics in modern supramolecular polymer chemistry. Non-uniform structural transformation of supramolecular polymer chains by external stimuli may enable preparation of such nanofibers. To demonstrate feasibility of this post-polymerization strategy, we prepared a photoresponsive helically folded supramolecular polymers from a barbiturate monomer containing an azobenzene-embedded rigid π-conjugated scaffold. In contrast to previous helically folded supramolecular polymers composed of a more flexible azobenzene monomer, UV-light induced unfolding of the newly prepared helically folded supramolecular polymers occurred nonuniformly, affording topological block copolymers consisting of folded and unfolded domains. The formation of such blocky copolymers indicates that the photoinduced unfolding of the helically folded structures initiates from relatively flexible parts such as termini or defects. Spontaneous refolding of the unfolded domains was observed after visible-light irradiation followed by aging to restore fully folded structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tashiro
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kosuke Katayama
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Kenta Tamaki
- Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Luca Pesce
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via La Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hideaki Takagi
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Rie Haruki
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Martin J Hollamby
- School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST55BG, UK
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Via La Santa 1, 6962, Lugano-Viganello, Switzerland.,Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | - Shiki Yagai
- Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR), Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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