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Ivanchenko O, Odnoroh M, Rolle F, Kroeger AA, Mallet-Ladeira S, Mazières S, Guerre M, Coote ML, Destarac M. 2-Cyanopropan-2-yl versus 1-Cyanocyclohex-1-yl Leaving Group: Comparing Reactivities of Symmetrical Trithiocarbonates in RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400317. [PMID: 38837466 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces bis(1-cyanocyclohex-1-yl)trithiocarbonate (TTC-bCCH) as a novel trithiocarbonate chain transfer agent and compares its reactivity with the previously described bis(2-cyanopropan-2-yl)trithiocarbonate (TTC-bCP) for the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of styrene (St), n-butyl acrylate (nBA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Significant findings include the effective control of Mn and low dispersities from the onset of polymerization of St and nBA showing swift addition-fragmentation kinetics, leading to similar behaviors between the two RAFT agents. In contrast, a fourfold decrease of the chain transfer constant to MMA is established for TTC-bCCH over TTC-bCP. This trend is confirmed through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Finally, the study compares thermoplastic elastomer properties of all-(meth)acrylic ABA block copolymers produced with both RAFT agents. The impact of dispersity of PMMA blocks on thermomechanical properties evaluated via rheological analysis reveals a more pronounced temperature dependence of the storage modulus (G') for the triblock copolymer synthesized with TTC-bCCH, indicating potential alteration of the phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ivanchenko
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Maksym Odnoroh
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Faustine Rolle
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Asja A Kroeger
- Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (UAR 2599) / Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Stéphane Mazières
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Marc Guerre
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
| | - Michelle L Coote
- Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Mathias Destarac
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier, CNRS UMR 5623, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France
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Ivanchenko O, Destarac M. 1,1'- Thiocarbonyldiimidazole Radical Copolymerization for the Preparation of Degradable Vinyl Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:47-51. [PMID: 38118079 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
1,1'-Thiocarbonyldiimidazole (TCDI) readily undergoes radical copolymerization with tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), N,N-dimethylacrylamide, and styrene. 1H NMR monitoring of the comonomer reactivity revealed a notable compatibility between TCDI and comonomers, resulting in similar consumption rates when TCDI was introduced at a 10% feed ratio. Furthermore, trithiocarbonate-mediated RAFT copolymerization of TCDI with tBA gave polymers that exhibited a linear increase of molar mass (Mnth = 2-10 kg mol-1) with conversion with relatively low dispersities (1.2-1.4). Importantly, this process enabled a successful chain extension of the produced P(TCDI-co-tBA) copolymer with styrene to form a diblock copolymer. The copolymers generated through this method contain TCDI-derived diimidazolyl thioether moieties, as established through 1H NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, degradation experiments using isopropylamine, benzoyl peroxide, sodium methoxide, and bleach have provided further confirmation of the presence of degradable TCDI moieties in the vinyl copolymer backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ivanchenko
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Mathias Destarac
- Laboratoire SOFTMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31062, France
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