1
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Carroll JA, Pashley-Johnson F, Frisch H, Barner-Kowollik C. Photochemical Action Plots Reveal Red-shifted Wavelength-dependent Photoproduct Distributions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304174. [PMID: 38267371 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Photochemical action plots are a powerful tool for mapping photochemical reaction outcomes wavelength-by-wavelength. Typically, they map either the depletion of a reactant or the formation of a specific product as a function of wavelength. Herein, we exploit action plots to simultaneously map the formation of several photochemical products from a single chromophore. We demonstrate that the wavelength-resolved mapping of two reaction products formed during the irradiation of a chalcone species not only shows wavelength dependence - exhibiting the typical strong red-shift of the photochemical reactivity compared to the absorbance spectrum of the chromophore - but also a strong wavelength selectivity with remarkably different product distributions resulting from different irradiation wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Carroll
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Fred Pashley-Johnson
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4-Bis), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Frisch
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Insitute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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2
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Xiao Y, Xia Z, Hu W, Liu B, Lü C. Phenanthroline Derived N-Doped Carbon Dots as Robust Metal-Free Photocatalysts for PET-RAFT Polymerization and Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309893. [PMID: 38516960 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal-free organic photocatalysts for photo-mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (photo-RDRP) are witnessed to make increasing advancement in the precise synthesis of polymers. However, challenges still exist in the development of high-efficiency and environmentally sustainable carbon dots (CDs)-based organocatalysts. Herein, N-doped CDs derived from phenanthroline derivative (Aphen) are prepared as metal-free photocatalysts for photoinduced electron transfer reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. The introduction of phenanthroline structure enhances the excited state lifetime of CDs and expands the conjugated length of their internal structure to enable the light-absorption to reach green light region, thereby enhancing photocatalytic activity. The as-designed CDs exhibit unprecedented photocatalytic capacity in photopolymerization even in large-volume reaction (100 mL) with high monomer conversion and narrow polymer dispersity (Mw/Mn < 1.20) under green light. The photocatalytic system is compatible with PET-RAFT polymerization of numerous monomers and the production of high molecular weight polyacrylate (Mn >250 000) with exquisite spatiotemporal control. Above results confirm the potential of CDs as photocatalyst, which has not been achieved with other CDs catalysts used in photo-RDRP. In addition, the construction of fluorescent polymer nanoparticles using CDs as both photocatalyst and phosphor through photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (Photo-PISA) technology is successfully demonstrated for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Institute of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhinan Xia
- Institute of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Wanchao Hu
- Institute of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Bei Liu
- Institute of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Changli Lü
- Institute of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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3
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Ti Q, Fang L, Zhao W, Bai L, Zhao H, Ba X, Chen W. Near-Infrared Light and Acid/Base Dual-Regulated Polymerization Utilizing Imidazole-Anion-Fused Perylene Diimides as Photocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26160-26168. [PMID: 37997817 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the first example of acid/base-responsive and near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing photocatalysts based on imidazole-anion-fused perylene diimide chromophores. The photocatalysts were in situ generated by deprotonation of imidazole-fused perylene diimide under an alkaline environment. NIR (λ = 730 nm, 128 mW/cm2) photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was implemented, exhibiting high efficiency and excellent livingness under ppm level of photocatalysts (15 ppm relative to monomer) and Cu(II) complex (10 ppm relative to monomer) concentrations. The method showed capabilities to polymerize behind opaque barriers (i.e., paper and pig skin) and under aerobic condition. Notably, this work demonstrated a dual temporal control of polymerization by adding weak base/acid and switching NIR light on/off. The polymerization can even be halted by bubbling CO2 and was then fully recovered by adding triethylamine. The NIR photoATRP of acrylamide monomers in aqueous solution was also performed, which can be regulated by the change of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Ti
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Liping Fang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Weihe Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Libin Bai
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongchi Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weiping Chen
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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4
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Shimizu T, Whitfield R, Jones GR, Raji IO, Konkolewicz D, Truong NP, Anastasaki A. Controlling primary chain dispersity in network polymers: elucidating the effect of dispersity on degradation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13419-13428. [PMID: 38033899 PMCID: PMC10685271 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05203f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dispersity has been demonstrated to be instrumental in determining many polymer properties, current synthetic strategies predominantly focus on tailoring the dispersity of linear polymers. In contrast, controlling the primary chain dispersity in network polymers is much more challenging, in part due to the complex nature of the reactions, which has limited the exploration of properties and applications. Here, a one-step method to prepare networks with precisely tuned primary chain dispersity is presented. By using an acid-switchable chain transfer agent and a degradable crosslinker in PET-RAFT polymerization, the in situ crosslinking of the propagating polymer chains was achieved in a quantitative manner. The incorporation of a degradable crosslinker, not only enables the accurate quantification of the various primary chain dispersities, post-synthesis, but also allows the investigation and comparison of their respective degradation profiles. Notably, the highest dispersity networks resulted in a 40% increase in degradation time when compared to their lower dispersity analogues, demonstrating that primary chain dispersity has a substantial impact on the network degradation rate. Our experimental findings were further supported by simulations, which emphasized the importance of higher molecular weight polymer chains, found within the high dispersity materials, in extending the lifetime of the network. This methodology presents a new and promising avenue to precisely tune primary chain dispersity within networks and demonstrates that polymer dispersity is an important parameter to consider when designing degradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Shimizu
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
- Science & Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku Yokohama-shi Kanagawa 227-8502 Japan
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Glen R Jones
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim O Raji
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University 651 E High St Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University 651 E High St Oxford OH 45056 USA
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir Prelog Weg 5 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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5
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Parkatzidis K, Truong NP, Matyjaszewski K, Anastasaki A. Photocatalytic ATRP Depolymerization: Temporal Control at Low ppm of Catalyst Concentration. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21146-21151. [PMID: 37737835 PMCID: PMC10557129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalytic ATRP depolymerization is introduced that significantly suppresses the reaction temperature from 170 to 100 °C while enabling temporal regulation. In the presence of low-toxicity iron-based catalysts and under visible light irradiation, near-quantitative monomer recovery could be achieved (up to 90%), albeit with minimal temporal control. By employing ppm concentrations of either FeCl2 or FeCl3, the depolymerization during the dark periods could be completely eliminated, thus enabling temporal control and the possibility to modulate the rate by simply turning the light "on" and "off". Notably, our approach allowed preservation of the end-group fidelity throughout the reaction, could be carried out at high polymer loadings (up to 2M), and was compatible with various polymers and light sources. This methodology provides a facile, environmentally friendly, and temporally regulated route to chemically recycle ATRP-synthesized polymers, thus opening the door for further opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P. Truong
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory
of Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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6
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Li Y, Zhang J, Shi Y, Zhang Y, Shi G, Zhang X, Cui Z, Fu P, Liu M, Qiao X, He Y, Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhang W, Pang X. Robust Strategy to Improve the Compatibility between Incorporated Upconversion Nanoparticles and the Bulk Transparent Polymer Matrix. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32159-32167. [PMID: 37692212 PMCID: PMC10483650 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Traditional transparent polymer nanocomposites combined with functional fluorescent inorganic nanofillers are promising for many advanced optical applications. However, the aggregation of the incorporated functional nanoparticles results in light scattering and will decrease the transparency of nanocomposites, which will restrain the application of the transparent nanocomposites. Herein, a robust synthesis strategy was proposed to modify upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to form UCNP@PMMA core@shell nanocomposites though metal-free photoinduced surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-SI-ATRP), and thus, the dispersity of UCNP@PMMA and the interface compatibility between the surface of UCNPs and the bulk PMMA matrix was greatly improved. The obtained PMMA nanocomposites possess high transparency and show strong upconversion photoluminescence properties, which promises great opportunities for application in 3D display and related optoelectronic fields. This strategy could also be applied to fabricate other kinds of functional transparent polymer nanocomposites with inorganic nanoparticles uniformly dispersed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Li
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junle Zhang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
- Faculty
of Engineering, Huanghe Science & Technology
University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yaxuan Shi
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuancheng Zhang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ge Shi
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Cui
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Peng Fu
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Minying Liu
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiao
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanjie He
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- Henan
Joint International Research Laboratory of Living Polymerizations
and Functional Nanomaterials, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon
Materials and Application, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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7
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Jazani AM, Schild DJ, Sobieski J, Hu X, Matyjaszewski K. Visible Light-ATRP Driven by Tris(2-Pyridylmethyl)Amine (TPMA) Impurities in the Open Air. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200855. [PMID: 36471106 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of oligo(ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether methacrylate (OEOMA500 ) in water is enabled using CuBr2 with tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) as a ligand under blue or green-light irradiation without requiring any additional reagent, such as a photo-reductant, or the need for prior deoxygenation. Polymers with low dispersity (Đ = 1.18-1.25) are synthesized at high conversion (>95%) using TPMA from three different suppliers, while no polymerization occurred with TPMA is synthesized and purified in the laboratory. Based on spectroscopic studies, it is proposed that TPMA impurities (i.e., imine and nitrone dipyridine), which absorb blue and green light, can act as photosensitive co-catalyst(s) in a light region where neither pure TPMA nor [(TPMA)CuBr]+ absorbs light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Moini Jazani
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Dirk J Schild
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Julian Sobieski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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8
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Beaudelot J, Oger S, Peruško S, Phan TA, Teunens T, Moucheron C, Evano G. Photoactive Copper Complexes: Properties and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16365-16609. [PMID: 36350324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed and photosensitized chemical processes have seen growing interest recently and have become among the most active areas of chemical research, notably due to their applications in fields such as medicine, chemical synthesis, material science or environmental chemistry. Among all homogeneous catalytic systems reported to date, photoactive copper(I) complexes have been shown to be especially attractive, not only as alternative to noble metal complexes, and have been extensively studied and utilized recently. They are at the core of this review article which is divided into two main sections. The first one focuses on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties of mononuclear copper(I) complexes, typical examples highlighting the most critical structural parameters and their impact on the properties being presented to enlighten future design of photoactive copper(I) complexes. The second section is devoted to their main areas of application (photoredox catalysis of organic reactions and polymerization, hydrogen production, photoreduction of carbon dioxide and dye-sensitized solar cells), illustrating their progression from early systems to the current state-of-the-art and showcasing how some limitations of photoactive copper(I) complexes can be overcome with their high versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Beaudelot
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samuel Oger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefano Peruško
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tuan-Anh Phan
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Titouan Teunens
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000Mons, Belgium
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/08, 1050Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50 - CP160/06, 1050Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Ma C, Han T, Efstathiou S, Marathianos A, Houck HA, Haddleton DM. Aggregation-Induced Emission Poly(meth)acrylates for Photopatterning via Wavelength-Dependent Visible-Light-Regulated Controlled Radical Polymerization in Batch and Flow Conditions. Macromolecules 2022; 55:9908-9917. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congkai Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ting Han
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Spyridon Efstathiou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Arkadios Marathianos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Hannes A. Houck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Haddleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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10
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Luo X, Wan J, Meckbach N, Strehmel V, Li S, Chen Z, Strehmel B. A Porphyrin-Based Organic Network Comprising Sustainable Carbon Dots for Photopolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208180. [PMID: 35882626 PMCID: PMC9826160 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable carbon dots (CDs) based on furfuraldehyde (F-CD) resulted in a photosensitive material after pursuing the Alder-Longo reaction. The porphyrin moiety formed connects the F-CDs in a covalent organic network. This heterogeneous material (P-CD) was characterized by XPS indicating incorporation of the respective C, N and O moieties. Time resolved fluorescence including global analysis showed contribution of three linked components to the overall dynamics of the excited state. Electrochemical and photonic properties of this heterogeneous material facilitated photopolymerization in a photo-ATRP setup where either CuBr2 /TPMA, FeBr3 /Br- or a metal free reaction setup activated controlled polymerization. Chain extension experiments worked in all three cases showing end group fidelity for activation of controlled block copolymerization using MMA and styrene as monomers. Traditional radical polymerization using a diaryl iodonium salt as co-initiator failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Jianyong Wan
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Nicolai Meckbach
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Veronika Strehmel
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
| | - Shujun Li
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Northeast Forestry UniversityKey Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationHexing Road 26150040HarbinChina
| | - Bernd Strehmel
- Department of ChemistryInstitute for Coatings and Surface ChemistryNiederrhein University of Applied SciencesAdlerstr. 147798KrefeldGermany
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11
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Porphyrin Based Organic Network Comprising Sustainable Carbon Dots for Photopolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Lorandi F, Fantin M, Matyjaszewski K. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: A Mechanistic Perspective. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15413-15430. [PMID: 35882005 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since its inception, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has seen continuous evolution in terms of the design of the catalyst and reaction conditions; today, it is one of the most useful techniques to prepare well-defined polymers as well as one of the most notable examples of catalysis in polymer chemistry. This Perspective highlights fundamental advances in the design of ATRP reactions and catalysts, focusing on the crucial role that mechanistic studies play in understanding, rationalizing, and predicting polymerization outcomes. A critical summary of traditional ATRP systems is provided first; we then focus on the most recent developments to improve catalyst selectivity, control polymerizations via external stimuli, and employ new photochemical or dual catalytic systems with an outlook to future research directions and open challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lorandi
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Fantin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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