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Daliran S, Oveisi AR, Kung CW, Sen U, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Chuang CH, Khajeh M, Erkartal M, Hupp JT. Defect-enabling zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks for energy and environmental remediation applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6244-6294. [PMID: 38743011 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01057k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of defective zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) in energy and environmental remediation. Zr-MOFs have gained significant attention due to their unique properties, and deliberate introduction of defects further enhances their functionality. The review encompasses several areas where defective Zr-MOFs exhibit promise, including environmental remediation, detoxification of chemical warfare agents, photocatalytic energy conversions, and electrochemical applications. Defects play a pivotal role by creating open sites within the framework, facilitating effective adsorption and remediation of pollutants. They also contribute to the catalytic activity of Zr-MOFs, enabling efficient energy conversion processes such as hydrogen production and CO2 reduction. The review underscores the importance of defect manipulation, including control over their distribution and type, to optimize the performance of Zr-MOFs. Through tailored defect engineering and precise selection of functional groups, researchers can enhance the selectivity and efficiency of Zr-MOFs for specific applications. Additionally, pore size manipulation influences the adsorption capacity and transport properties of Zr-MOFs, further expanding their potential in environmental remediation and energy conversion. Defective Zr-MOFs exhibit remarkable stability and synthetic versatility, making them suitable for diverse environmental conditions and allowing for the introduction of missing linkers, cluster defects, or post-synthetic modifications to precisely tailor their properties. Overall, this review highlights the promising prospects of defective Zr-MOFs in addressing energy and environmental challenges, positioning them as versatile tools for sustainable solutions and paving the way for advancements in various sectors toward a cleaner and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Daliran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Chung-Wei Kung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Unal Sen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir 26555, Turkey
| | - Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy
- Departamento de Quimica, Universitat Politècnica de València, Av. De los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan City 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Mostafa Khajeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zabol, P.O. Box: 98615-538, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Mustafa Erkartal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Design, Bartin University, Bartin 74110, Turkey
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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Liu Z, Xing C, Wu S, Ma M, Tian J. Biphenyl tetracarboxylic acid-based metal-organic frameworks: a case of topology-dependent thermal expansion. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38683199 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02185h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The large inherent flexibility and highly modular nature of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) make them ideal candidates for the study of negative thermal expansion (NTE). Among diverse organic ligands, the biphenyl unit, which can unrestrictedly rotate along its C-C single bond, can largely enhance the structural flexibility. Herein, we explored the thermal expansion behaviors of four indium biphenyl tetracarboxylates (BPTCs). Owing to the different dihedral angles of BPTC ligands and coordination mode of In3+, they show distinct topologies: InOF-1 (nti), InOF-2 (unc), InOF-12 (pts) and InOF-13 (nou). Intriguingly, it is found that the thermal expansion is highly dependent on the specific topology. The MOFs featuring mononuclear nodes show normal positive thermal expansion (PTE), and the magnitudes of coefficients follow the trend of InOF-2 < InOF-12 < InOF-13, inversely related to averaged molecular volumes. In contrast, the InOF-1, composed of a 1D chain of corner-shared InO6 octahedrons, shows pronounced NTE. Detailed high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and lattice dynamic analyses shed light on the fact that NTE in the InOF-1 is a synergy effect of the spring-like distortion of the inorganic 1D helical chain and twisting of the BPTC ligands. The present work shows how the topological arrangement of building blocks governs the thermal expansion behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanning Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Chengyong Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Shaowen Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Min Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Jian Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
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Liu XY, Yan XY, Liu Y, Qu H, Wang Y, Wang J, Guo QY, Lei H, Li XH, Bian F, Cao XY, Zhang R, Wang Y, Huang M, Lin Z, Meijer EW, Aida T, Kong X, Cheng SZD. Self-assembled soft alloy with Frank-Kasper phases beyond metals. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:570-576. [PMID: 38297141 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Soft building blocks, such as micelles, cells or soap bubbles, tend to adopt near-spherical geometry when densely packed together. As a result, their packing structures do not extend beyond those discovered in metallic glasses, quasicrystals and crystals. Here we report the emergence of two Frank-Kasper phases from the self-assembly of five-fold symmetric molecular pentagons. The μ phase, an important intermediate in superalloys, is indexed in soft matter, whereas the ϕ phase exhibits a structure distinct from known Frank-Kasper phases in metallic systems. We find a broad size and shape distribution of self-assembled mesoatoms formed by molecular pentagons while approaching equilibrium that contribute to the unique packing structures. This work provides insight into the manipulation of soft building blocks that deviate from the typical spherical geometry and opens avenues for the fabrication of 'soft alloy' structures that were previously unattainable in metal alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-You Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Yan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Yuchu Liu
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Huanyu Lei
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Han Li
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fenggang Bian
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingjun Huang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Lin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - E W Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Riken Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Xian Kong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Stephen Z D Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA.
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Gupta DK, Kumar S, Wani MY. MOF magic: zirconium-based frameworks in theranostic and bio-imaging applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2691-2710. [PMID: 38419476 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02562d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered substantial scientific interest across diverse fields, spanning gas storage, catalysis, biotechnology, and more. Zirconium, abundant in nature and biologically relevant, offers an appealing combination of high content and low toxicity. Consequently, Zr-based MOFs have emerged as promising materials with significant potential in biomedical applications. These MOFs serve as effective nanocarriers for controlled drug delivery, particularly for challenging antitumor and retroviral drugs in cancer and AIDS treatment. Additionally, they exhibit prowess in bio-imaging applications. Beyond drug delivery, Zr-MOFs are notable for their mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability, making them increasingly relevant in engineering. The rising demand for stable, non-toxic Zr-MOFs facilitating facile nanoparticle formation, especially in drug delivery and imaging, is noteworthy. This review focuses on biocompatible zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) for controlled delivery in treating diseases like cancer and AIDS. These MOFs play a key role in theranostic approaches, integrating diagnostics and therapy. Additionally, their utility in bio-imaging underscores their versatility in advancing medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, U.P. Rajarshi Tandon Open University, Prayagraj-211021, UP, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Functional Polymer Material Lab, Department of Chemistry, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur-208002, UP, India.
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Hemmer K, Kronawitter SM, Grover N, Twamley B, Cokoja M, Fischer RA, Kieslich G, Senge MO. Understanding and Controlling Molecular Compositions and Properties in Mixed-Linker Porphyrin Metal-Organic Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2122-2130. [PMID: 38205788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive materials for photo- and thermally activated catalysis due to their unique structural features related to the porphyrin moiety, guest-accessible porosity, and high chemical tunability. In this study, we report the synthetic incorporation of nonplanar β-ethyl-functionalized porphyrin linkers into the framework structure of PCN-222, obtaining a solid-solution series of materials with different modified linker contents. Comprehensive analysis by a combination of characterization techniques, such as NMR, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and N2 sorption analysis, allows for the confirmation of linker incorporation. A detailed structural analysis of intrinsic material properties, such as the thermal response of the different materials, underlines the complexity of synthesizing and understanding such materials. This study presents a blueprint for synthesizing and analyzing porphyrin-based mixed-linker MOF systems and highlights the hurdles of characterizing such materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Hemmer
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Silva M Kronawitter
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02R590, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mirza Cokoja
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Gregor Kieslich
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin D02R590, Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg-Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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