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Liang C, Duan X, Gao H, Shahab M, Zheng G. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (1R,3R)-3-hydroxycyclopentanemethanol: An intermediate of carbocyclic-ddA. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 138:111-117. [PMID: 38824112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of carbocyclic-ddA, a potent antiviral agent against hepatitis B, relies significantly on (1R,3R)-3-hydroxycyclopentanemethanol as a key intermediate. To effectively produce this intermediate, our study employed a chemoenzymatic approach. The selection of appropriate biocatalysts was based on substrate similarity, leading us to adopt the CrS enoate reductase derived from Thermus scotoductus SA-01. Additionally, we developed an enzymatic system for NADH regeneration, utilising formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii. This system facilitated the efficient catalysis of (S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-enone, resulting in the formation of (3R)-3-(hydroxymethyl) cyclopentanone. Furthermore, we successfully cloned, expressed, purified, and characterized the CrS enzyme in Escherichia coli. Optimal reaction conditions were determined, revealing that the highest activity occurred at 45 °C and pH 8.0. By employing 5 mM (S)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopent-2-enone, 0.05 mM FMN, 0.2 mM NADH, 10 μM CrS, 40 μM formic acid dehydrogenase, and 40 mM sodium formate, complete conversion was achieved within 45 min at 35 °C and pH 7.0. Subsequently, (1R,3R)-3-hydroxycyclopentanemethanol was obtained through a simple three-step chemical conversion process. This study not only presents an effective method for synthesizing the crucial intermediate but also highlights the importance of biocatalysts and enzymatic systems in chemoenzymatic synthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xiuyuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hanzi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Muhammad Shahab
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guojun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resources Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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Tanifuji R, Oguri H. Chemo-enzymatic total synthesis: current approaches toward the integration of chemical and enzymatic transformations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:1693-1712. [PMID: 39076288 PMCID: PMC11285072 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
A steadily increasing number of reports have been published on chemo-enzymatic synthesis methods that integrate biosynthetic enzymatic transformations with chemical conversions. This review focuses on the total synthesis of natural products and classifies the enzymatic reactions into three categories. The total synthesis of five natural products: cotylenol, trichodimerol, chalcomoracin, tylactone, and saframycin A, as well as their analogs, is outlined with an emphasis on comparing these chemo-enzymatic syntheses with the corresponding natural biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tanifuji
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Oguri
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Alekseeva KA, Fedoseeva MA, Bakhanovich OV, Khrustalev VN, Potkin VI, Zhou H, Nikitina EV, Zaytsev VP, Zubkov FI. One-Pot Reaction Sequence: N-Acylation/Pictet-Spengler Reaction/Intramolecular [4 + 2] Cycloaddition/Aromatization in the Synthesis of β-Carboline Alkaloid Analogues. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3065-3071. [PMID: 38359403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
One-pot synthesis of tetrahydro-β-carbolines, fused with an isoindole core, was proposed starting from maleic anhydride and azomethines easily available from tryptamines and 3-(hetaryl)acroleins. This sequence includes four key steps: an acylation of the aldimine with maleic anhydride, a Pictet-Spengler cyclization, an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, and a concluding [1,3]-H shift. As a result, six- or seven-nuclear alkaloid-like heterocyclic systems, containing a benzo[1,2]indolizino[8,7-b]indole fragment annulated with furan, thiophene, or pyrrole, are formed in a diastereoselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya A Alekseeva
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Milana A Fedoseeva
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Bakhanovich
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 2, Prague 166 10, Czech Republic
| | - Victor N Khrustalev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir I Potkin
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13 Surganov Street, Minsk 220072, Belarus
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Jiaxing University, 1 Jiahang Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China
| | - Eugenia V Nikitina
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir P Zaytsev
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Fedor I Zubkov
- Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
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Hooe SL, Smith AD, Dean SN, Breger JC, Ellis GA, Medintz IL. Multienzymatic Cascades and Nanomaterial Scaffolding-A Potential Way Forward for the Efficient Biosynthesis of Novel Chemical Products. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309963. [PMID: 37944537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology is touted as the next industrial revolution as it promises access to greener biocatalytic syntheses to replace many industrial organic chemistries. Here, it is shown to what synthetic biology can offer in the form of multienzyme cascades for the synthesis of the most basic of new materials-chemicals, including especially designer chemical products and their analogs. Since achieving this is predicated on dramatically expanding the chemical space that enzymes access, such chemistry will probably be undertaken in cell-free or minimalist formats to overcome the inherent toxicity of non-natural substrates to living cells. Laying out relevant aspects that need to be considered in the design of multi-enzymatic cascades for these purposes is begun. Representative multienzymatic cascades are critically reviewed, which have been specifically developed for the synthesis of compounds that have either been made only by traditional organic synthesis along with those cascades utilized for novel compound syntheses. Lastly, an overview of strategies that look toward exploiting bio/nanomaterials for accessing channeling and other nanoscale materials phenomena in vitro to direct novel enzymatic biosynthesis and improve catalytic efficiency is provided. Finally, a perspective on what is needed for this field to develop in the short and long term is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L Hooe
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
- National Research Council, Washington, DC, 20001, USA
| | - Aaron D Smith
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Scott N Dean
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Gregory A Ellis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
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