1
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Iyer KS, Dismuke Rodriguez KB, Lammert RM, Yirak JR, Saunders JM, Kavthe RD, Aue DH, Lipshutz BH. Rapid Aminations of Functionalized Aryl Fluorosulfates in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202411295. [PMID: 39034288 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Aryl fluorosulfates of varying complexities have been used in amination reactions in water using a new Pd oxidative addition complex (OAC-1) developed specifically to match the needs of the fine chemicals industry, not only in terms of functional group tolerance, but also reflecting time considerations associated with these important C-N couplings. Also especially noteworthy is that they replace both PFAS-related triflates and nonaflates, which are today out of favor due to recent government regulations. The new complex based on the BippyPhos ligand is used at low loadings and under aqueous micellar conditions. Moreover, it is easily prepared and stable to long term storage. DFT calculations on the OAC precatalyst compare well with the X-ray structure of the crystals with π-complexation to the aromatic system of the ligand and also confirm the NMR data showing a mixture of conformers in solution that differ from the X-ray structure in rotation of the phenyl and t-butyl ligand substituents. An extensive variety of coupling partners, including pharmaceutically relevant APIs, readily participate under mild and environmentally responsible reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik S Iyer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | | | - Robert M Lammert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Jordan R Yirak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - John M Saunders
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Rahul D Kavthe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Donald H Aue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Bruce H Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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2
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Das S, McIvor C, Greener A, Suwita C, Argent SP, O'Duill ML. 2,2-Difluoroethylation of Heteroatom Nucleophiles via a Hypervalent Iodine Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202410954. [PMID: 38900650 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The 2,2-difluoroethyl group is an important lipophilic hydrogen bond donor in medicinal chemistry, but its incorporation into small molecules is often challenging. Herein, we demonstrate electrophilic 2,2-difluoroethylation of thiol, amine and alcohol nucleophiles with a hypervalent iodine reagent, (2,2-difluoro-ethyl)(aryl)iodonium triflate, via a proposed ligand coupling mechanism. This transformation offers a complementary strategy to existing 2,2-difluoroethylation methods and allows access to a wide range of 2,2-difluoroethylated nucleophiles, including the drugs Captopril, Normorphine and Mefloquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Das
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlotte McIvor
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Greener
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlotte Suwita
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
| | - Miriam L O'Duill
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, UK
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3
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Kaulage SH, Parvin N, Khopade KV, Khan S. A hybrid silylene-Pd catalyst: efficient C-N cross-coupling of sterically bulky amines and chiral amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9958-9961. [PMID: 39171728 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03108c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a catalytic system with N-heterocyclic silylene (NHSi)-phosphine-based hybrid bidentate ligands [PhC(NtBu)2SiN(PR2)(2,6-iPr2-C6H3)] and Pd(dba)2, which serves as an effective catalyst for C-N cross-coupling of a wide range of sterically bulky amines and optically active amines, which is challenging otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep H Kaulage
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Nasrina Parvin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Kishor V Khopade
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shabana Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune-411008, India.
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4
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Arango-Daza JC, Cabrero-Antonino JR, Adam R. A General and Highly Versatile Heterogeneous Pd-Catalyzed Oxidative Aminocarbonylation of Alkynes with Aromatic and Aliphatic Amines. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202400331. [PMID: 38695852 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
An efficient heterogeneous catalytic system for the oxidative aminocarbonylation of alkynes and amines in the presence of CO/O2 to afford substituted propiolamides has been developed. The active nanocatalyst, [Pd/Mg3Al-LDH]-300(D), is composed by Pd nanoaggregates (2-3 nm average particle size) stabilized over a partially dehydrated [Mg3Al-LDH] matrix. The methodology has resulted widely applicable, being the first catalytic system, either homogeneous or heterogeneous, able to activate not only aliphatic amines but also poorly-nucleophilic aromatic amines. In fact, >60 substituted propiolamides have been synthesized in good to excellent isolated yields through this methodology, being 27 novel compounds. An important characterization effort (XRD, 27Al MAS NMR, TGA, TPD-CO2, BET area, XPS, HAADF-HRSTEM and HRTEM) and optimization of the synthesis conditions of the optimal catalyst has been performed. This study, together with a series of kinetic and mechanistic essays, indicates that the optimal catalyst is composed by Pd(0) species stabilized in a partially dehydrated/dehydroxylated LDH material with a Mg/Al molar ratio of 3 and a small crystallite size. All the experimental data indicates that the in situ formation of [PdI2] active species in the material surface together with the presence of a matrix with the optimal acid/base properties are key aspects of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Camilo Arango-Daza
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politécnica de València-Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Jose R Cabrero-Antonino
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politécnica de València-Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas (UPV-CSIC), Avda. de los Naranjos s/n, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Rosa Adam
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, València, Spain
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5
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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Liu S, Miah MAJ, Cerkovnik J, Košmrlj J, Snieckus V. The Versatile and Strategic O-Carbamate Directed Metalation Group in the Synthesis of Aromatic Molecules: An Update. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7731-7828. [PMID: 38864673 PMCID: PMC11212060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The aryl O-carbamate (ArOAm) group is among the strongest of the directed metalation groups (DMGs) in directed ortho metalation (DoM) chemistry, especially in the form Ar-OCONEt2. Since the last comprehensive review of metalation chemistry involving ArOAms (published more than 30 years ago), the field has expanded significantly. For example, it now encompasses new substrates, solvent systems, and metalating agents, while conditions have been developed enabling metalation of ArOAm to be conducted in a green and sustainable manner. The ArOAm group has also proven to be effective in the anionic ortho-Fries (AoF) rearrangement, Directed remote metalation (DreM), iterative DoM sequences, and DoM-halogen dance (HalD) synthetic strategies and has been transformed into a diverse range of functionalities and coupled with various groups through a range of cross-coupling (CC) strategies. Of ultimate value, the ArOAm group has demonstrated utility in the synthesis of a diverse range of bioactive and polycyclic aromatic compounds for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D. Jansen-van Vuuren
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Susana Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
| | - M. A. Jalil Miah
- Department
of Chemistry, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Janez Cerkovnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Košmrlj
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Victor Snieckus
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Chernoff Hall, 9 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7K 2N1, Canada
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6
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Morrison KM, Stradiotto M. The development of cage phosphine 'DalPhos' ligands to enable nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of (hetero)aryl electrophiles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7394-7407. [PMID: 38784740 PMCID: PMC11110136 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01253d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of (hetero)aryl electrophiles with a diversity of nucleophiles (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and others) have evolved into competitive alternatives to well-established palladium- and copper-based protocols for the synthesis of (hetero)aryl products, including (hetero)anilines and (hetero)aryl ethers. A survey of the literature reveals that the use of cage phosphine (CgP) 'DalPhos' (DALhousie PHOSphine) bisphosphine-type ligands operating under thermal conditions currently offers the most broad substrate scope in nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings of this type, especially involving (hetero)aryl chlorides and phenol-derived electrophiles. The development and application of these DalPhos ligands is described in a ligand-specific manner that is intended to serve as a guide for the synthetic chemistry end-user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000 Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000 Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
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7
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Liu Y, Zhou T, Xuan L, Lin Y, Li F, Wang H, Lyu J, Yan Q, Zhou H, Wang W, Chen FE. Visible-Light-Driven C,N-Selective Heteroarylation of N-Fluoroalkyl Hydroxylamine Reagents with Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37991496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a direct and powerful strategy for the synthesis of highly valuable α-trifluoromethylamine and N-trifluoroethylamine derivatives from a visible-light-promoted C,N-selective heteroarylation of N-trifluoroethyl hydroxylamine reagents with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones under ambient conditions. The chemoselectivity of the process (trifluoroalkylation or N-trifluoroethylamination) can easily be dictated and modulated by a selection of N-trifluoroethyl hydroxylamine substrates. The key to success is the protecting group on the N atom of hydroxylamine reagents, which can control the process of 1,2-H shift of the in situ-generated N-trifluoroethyl radical. Remarkable features of this method include mild conditions, easy operation, high selectivity, and excellent functional group tolerability. More importantly, the trifluoroalkylated products can be readily derivatized into other interesting imidazo-fused heterocycles that would be of great potential for the exploitation of pharmaceutically relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Tongyao Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Liangming Xuan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Fuqi Li
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lyu
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qiongjiao Yan
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhou
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health. College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University (CCNU), Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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8
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Audet F, Donnard M, Panossian A, Bernier D, Pazenok S, Leroux FR. New Chemical Transformations Involving SO 2 F 2 -Mediated Alcohol Activation. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300107. [PMID: 37236146 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfuryl fluoride is a gas produced on a multi-ton scale for its use as a fumigant. In the last decades, it has gained interest in organic synthesis as a reagent with unique properties in terms of stability and reactivity when compared to other sulfur-based reagents. Sulfuryl fluoride has not only been used for sulfur-fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry but also encountered applications in classic organic synthesis as an efficient activator of both alcohols and phenols, forming a triflate surrogate, namely a fluorosulfonate. A long-standing industrial collaboration in our research group drove our work on the sulfuryl fluoride-mediated transformations that will be highlighted below. We will first describe recent works on metal-catalyzed transformations from aryl fluorosulfonates while emphasizing the one-pot processes from phenol derivatives. In a second section, nucleophilic substitution reactions on polyfluoroalkyl alcohols will be discussed and the value of polyfluoroalkyl fluorosulfonates in comparison to alternative triflate and halide reagents will be brought to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Audet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Morgan Donnard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Armen Panossian
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Bernier
- Bayer S.A.S., 14 impasse Pierre Baizet, 69263, Lyon, France
| | - Sergii Pazenok
- Bayer CropScience AG, Alfred Nobel Straße 50, 40789, Monheim, Germany
| | - Frédéric R Leroux
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR7042), Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, 25 rue Becquerel, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Le TV, Romero I, Daugulis O. "Sandwich" Diimine-Copper Catalyzed Trifluoroethylation and Pentafluoropropylation of Unactivated C(sp 3 )-H Bonds by Carbene Insertion. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301672. [PMID: 37267071 PMCID: PMC10642771 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report here "sandwich"-diimine copper complex-catalyzed trifluoroethylation and pentafluoropropylation of unactivated C(sp3 )-H bonds in alkyl esters, halides, and protected amines by employing CF3 CHN2 and CF3 CF2 CHN2 reagents. Reactions proceed in dichloromethane solvent at room temperature. Identical C-H functionalization conditions and stoichiometries are employed for generality and convenience. Selectivities for C-H insertions are higher for compounds possessing stronger electron-withdrawing substituents. Preliminary mechanistic studies point to a mechanism involving a pre-equilibrium forming a "sandwich"-diimine copper-CF3 CHN2 complex followed by rate-determining loss of nitrogen affording the reactive copper carbene. It reacts with trifluoromethyldiazomethane about 6.5 times faster than with 1-fluoroadamantane explaining the need for slow addition of the diazo compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olafs Daugulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston 3585 Cullen Blvd
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10
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Akana-Schneider BD, Weix DJ. Reductive Arylation of Nitroarenes with Chloroarenes: Reducing Conditions Enable New Reactivity from Palladium Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:16150-16159. [PMID: 37437188 PMCID: PMC10529700 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed C-N bond forming reactions are a key tool in modern synthetic organic chemistry. Despite advances in catalyst design enabling the use of a variety of aryl (pseudo)halides, the necessary aniline coupling partner is often synthesized in a discrete reduction step from a nitroarene. An ideal synthetic sequence would avoid the necessity of this step while maintaining the reliable reactivity of palladium catalysis. Herein, we describe how reducing conditions enable new chemical steps and reactivity from well-studied palladium catalysts, resulting in a new, useful transformation: the reductive arylation of nitroarenes with chloroarenes to form diarylamines. Mechanistic experiments suggest that under reducing conditions, BrettPhos-palladium complexes catalyze the dual N-arylation of typically inert azoarenes─generated via the in situ reduction of nitroarenes─via two distinct mechanisms. Initial N-arylation proceeds via a novel association-reductive palladation sequence followed by reductive elimination to yield an intermediate 1,1,2-triarylhydrazine. Arylation of this intermediate by the same catalyst via a traditional amine arylation sequence forms a transient tetraarylhydrazine, unlocking reductive N-N bond cleavage to liberate the desired product. The resulting reaction allows for the synthesis of diarylamines bearing a variety of synthetically valuable functionalities and heteroaryl cores in high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel J. Weix
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
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11
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Liu Y, Wang L, Ma D, Song Y. Recent Advances of N-2,2,2-Trifluoroethylisatin Ketimines in Organic Synthesis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072990. [PMID: 37049753 PMCID: PMC10096331 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The special properties of fluorine atoms and fluorine-containing groups have led to an increasing number of applications for fluorine-containing organic compounds, which are also extremely widely used in the field of new drug development. Unfortunately, naturally fluorinated organics are rare in nature, so the selective introduction of fluorine atoms or fluorine-containing groups into organic molecules is very important for pharmaceutical/synthetic chemists. N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines have received the attention of many chemists since they were first developed as fluorine-containing synthons in 2015. This paper reviews the organic synthesis reactions in which trifluoroethyl isatin ketimine has been involved in recent years, focusing on the types of reactions and the stereoselectivity of products, and also provides a prospect of its application in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Lijie Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Donglai Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Hebei Technological Innovation Center of Chiral Medicine, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang 050026, China
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yongxing Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Hebei Technological Innovation Center of Chiral Medicine, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang 050026, China
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (Y.S.)
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12
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Rama RJ, Maya C, Molina F, Nova A, Nicasio MC. Important Role of NH-Carbazole in Aryl Amination Reactions Catalyzed by 2-Aminobiphenyl Palladacycles. ACS Catal 2023; 13:3934-3948. [PMID: 36970467 PMCID: PMC10029719 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
2-Aminobiphenyl palladacycles are among the most successful precatalysts for Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, including aryl amination. However, the role of NH-carbazole, a byproduct of precatalyst activation, remains poorly understood. Herein, the mechanism of the aryl amination reactions catalyzed by a cationic 2-aminobiphenyl palladacycle supported by a terphenyl phosphine ligand, PCyp2ArXyl2 (Cyp = cyclopentyl; ArXyl2 = 2,6-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)phenyl), P1, has been thoroughly investigated. Combining computational and experimental studies, we found that the Pd(II) oxidative addition intermediate reacts with NH-carbazole in the presence of the base (NaO t Bu) to yield a stable aryl carbazolyl Pd(II) complex. This species functions as the catalyst resting state, providing the amount of monoligated LPd(0) species required for catalysis and minimizing Pd decomposition. In the case of a reaction with aniline, an equilibrium between the carbazolyl complex and the on-cycle anilido analogue is established, which allows for a fast reaction at room temperature. In contrast, heating is required in a reaction with alkylamines, whose deprotonation involves coordination to the Pd center. A microkinetic model was built combining computational and experimental data to validate the mechanistic proposals. In conclusion, our study shows that despite the rate reduction observed in some reactions by the formation of the aryl carbazolyl Pd(II) complex, this species reduces catalyst decomposition and could be considered an alternative precatalyst in cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel J. Rama
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences and Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Celia Maya
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Molina
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ainara Nova
- Department of Chemistry, Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences and Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - M. Carmen Nicasio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
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13
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de Gombert A, Darù A, Ahmed TS, Haibach MC, Li-Matsuura R, Yang C, Henry RF, Cook SP, Shekhar S, Blackmond DG. Mechanistic Insight into Cu-Catalyzed C–N Coupling of Hindered Aryl Iodides and Anilines Using a Pyrrol-ol Ligand Enables Development of Mild and Homogeneous Reaction Conditions. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Gombert
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Andrea Darù
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tonia S. Ahmed
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Michael C. Haibach
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Rei Li-Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Cassie Yang
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Rodger F. Henry
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Silas P. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Process Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Donna G. Blackmond
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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14
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Liu R, Shen ML, Fan LF, Zhou XL, Wang PS, Gong LZ. Palladium-Catalyzed Branch- and Z-Selective Allylic C-H Amination with Aromatic Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211631. [PMID: 36399016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Allylamines are important building blocks in the synthesis of bioactive compounds. The direct coupling of allylic C-H bonds and commonly available amines is a major synthetic challenge. An allylic C-H amination of 1,4-dienes has been accomplished by palladium catalysis. With aromatic amines, branch-selective allylic aminations are favored to generate thermodynamically unstable Z-allylamines. In addition, more basic aliphatic cyclic amines can also engage in the reaction, but linear dienyl allylic amines are the major products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
| | - Meng-Lan Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
| | - Lian-Feng Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
| | - Xiao-Le Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
| | - Pu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
| | - Liu-Zhu Gong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, No.96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, 230026, P. R.China
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15
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Li YN, Zhou MX, Wu JB, Wang Z, Zeng YF. Tandem reduction and trifluoroethylation of quinolines and quinoxalines with trifluoroacetic acid and trimethylamine borane. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9613-9617. [PMID: 36420677 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01923j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free tandem reduction and N-trifluoroethylation of quinolines and quinoxalines has been developed. It provided a convenient route to access trifluoroethylated tetrahydroquinolines and tetrahydroquinoxalines. This one-pot method avoids the purification process of the intermediate. Mechanistically, the in situ-generated boryl acetal species reacted with tetrahydroquinolines to generate iminiums followed by reduction to give the target compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Na Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Ming-Xi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Jin-Bo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Yao-Fu Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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16
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Toupalas G, Morandi B. Non-innocent electrophiles unlock exogenous base-free coupling reactions. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00770-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Wang J, Liu S, Huang Y, Xu XH, Qing FL. Photoredox catalyzed C-H trifluoroethylamination of heteroarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1346-1349. [PMID: 34986214 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06688a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The first C-H trifluoroethylamination of heteroarenes with previously unknown N-trifluoroethyl hydroxylamine reagents was achieved under photoredox catalyzed conditions. In the presence of an iridium(III) photoredox catalyst, a variety of heteroarenes, such as indoles, benzofurans, and benzothiophenes, were smoothly converted to the trifluoroethylaminated products in moderate to high yields and with excellent regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiu-Hua Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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Simon CM, Dudra SL, McGuire RT, Ferguson MJ, Johnson ER, Stradiotto M. Identification of a Nitrenoid Reductive Elimination Pathway in Nickel-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connor M. Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Samantha L. Dudra
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ryan T. McGuire
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Ferguson
- X-Ray Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Erin R. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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19
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Coffey SB, Bernhardson DJ, Wright SW. Synthesis and characterization of an isopropylBippyPhos precatalyst. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Li DH, Lan XB, Song AX, Rahman MM, Xu C, Huang FD, Szostak R, Szostak M, Liu FS. Buchwald-Hartwig Amination of Coordinating Heterocycles Enabled by Large-but-Flexible Pd-BIAN-NHC Catalysts*. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103341. [PMID: 34773313 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A new class of large-but-flexible Pd-BIAN-NHC catalysts (BIAN=acenaphthoimidazolylidene, NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) has been rationally designed to enable the challenging Buchwald-Hartwig amination of coordinating heterocycles. This robust class of BIAN-NHC catalysts permits cross-coupling under practical aerobic conditions of a variety of heterocycles with aryl, alkyl, and heteroarylamines, including historically challenging oxazoles and thiazoles as well as electron-deficient heterocycles containing multiple heteroatoms with BIAN-INon (N,N'-bis(2,6-di(4-heptyl)phenyl)-7H-acenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazol-8-ylidene) as the most effective ligand. Studies on the ligand structure and electronic properties of the carbene center are reported. The study should facilitate the discovery of even more active catalyst systems based on the unique BIAN-NHC scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528458, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Lan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Xiangnan Rare-Precious Metals Compounds Research and Application, School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan Province 423000, P. R. China
| | - A-Xiang Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528458, P. R. China
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528458, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Dong Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528458, P. R. China
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Feng-Shou Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528458, P. R. China
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21
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Zhang Y, Ye X, Liu S, Chen W, Majeed I, Liu T, Zhu Y, Zeng Z. NaOTs-promoted transition metal-free C-N bond cleavage to form C-X (X = N, O, S) bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8566-8571. [PMID: 34550144 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01409a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional transformation of amide C-N bond cleavage is reported. The protocol applies to benzamide, thioamide, alcohols, and mercaptan under similar reaction conditions catalyzed by NaOTs. It is noteworthy that NaOTs can not only be recycled and reused for up to three cycles without significant loss in catalytic activity, but also catalyze gram-grade reactions. This study provides a novel solution with mild conditions and a simple procedure for transformation of multiple amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojing Ye
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sicheng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Irfan Majeed
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulin Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuo Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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22
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Song G, Yang L, Li J, Tang W, Zhang W, Cao R, Wang C, Xiao J, Xue D. Chiral Arylated Amines via C−N Coupling of Chiral Amines with Aryl Bromides Promoted by Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Jing‐Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Wei‐Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China
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23
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Song G, Yang L, Li JS, Tang WJ, Zhang W, Cao R, Wang C, Xiao J, Xue D. Chiral Arylated Amines via C-N Coupling of Chiral Amines with Aryl Bromides Promoted by Light. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21536-21542. [PMID: 34260129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Buchwald-Hartwig C-N coupling reaction has found widespread applications in organic synthesis. Over the past two decades or so, many improved catalysts have been introduced, allowing various amines and aryl electrophiles to be readily used nowadays. However, there lacks a protocol that could be used to couple a wide range of chiral amines and aryl halides, without erosion of the enantiomeric excess (ee). Reported in this article is a method based on molecular Ni catalysis driven by light, which enables stereoretentive C-N coupling of optically active amines, amino alcohols, and amino acid esters with aryl bromides, with no need for any external photosensitizer. The method is effective for a wide variety of coupling partners, including those bearing functional groups sensitive to bases and nucleophiles, thus providing a viable alternative to accessing synthetically important chiral N-aryl amines, amino alcohols, and amino acids esters. Its viability is demonstrated by 92 examples with up to 99 % ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyang Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Jing-Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Wei-Jun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Dong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
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24
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Ren S, Xu G, Guo Y, Liu Q, Guo C. Iron porphyrin-catalyzed N-trifluoroethylation of anilines with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20322-20325. [PMID: 35479926 PMCID: PMC9033960 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03379d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An iron porphyrin-catalyzed N-trifluoroethylation of anilines has been developed with 2,2,2-trifluoroethylamine hydrochloride as the fluorine source. This one-pot N-H insertion reaction is conducted via cascade diazotization/N-trifluoroethylation reactions. The developed transformation can afford a wide range of N-trifluoroethylated anilines in good yields using readily available primary amines and secondary anilines as starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ren
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Guiming Xu
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Yongjia Guo
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
| | - Cancheng Guo
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 P.R. China
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25
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Jin Y, Su G, Yu J. Mannich Reaction as a Key Strategy for the Synthesis of Trifluoroethyl Derived Tertiary and Secondary Amine. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering Quzhou University 324000 P. R. China
| | - Guodong Su
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering Quzhou University 324000 P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Yu
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering Quzhou University 324000 P. R. China
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26
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McGuire RT, Yadav AA, Stradiotto M. Nickel-Catalyzed N-Arylation of Fluoroalkylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4080-4084. [PMID: 33201556 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Ni-catalyzed N-arylation of β-fluoroalkylamines with broad scope is reported for the first time. Use of the air-stable pre-catalyst (PAd2-DalPhos)Ni(o-tol)Cl allows for reactions to be conducted at room temperature (25 °C, NaOtBu), or by use of a commercially available dual-base system (100 °C, DBU/NaOTf), to circumvent decomposition of the N-(β-fluoroalkyl)aniline product. The mild protocols disclosed herein feature broad (hetero)aryl (pseudo)halide scope (X=Cl, Br, I, and for the first time phenol-derived electrophiles), encompassing base-sensitive substrates and enantioretentive transformations, in a manner that is unmatched by any previously reported catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T McGuire
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Arun A Yadav
- Paraza Pharma, Inc., 2525 Avenue Marie-Curie, Montreal, Quebec, H4S 2E1, Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
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27
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Sun Z, Zhang C, Chen L, Xie H, Liu B, Liu D. Recent Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions Involving Trifluoroethyl Ketimines. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202011005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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McGuire RT, Yadav AA, Stradiotto M. Nickel‐Catalyzed N‐Arylation of Fluoroalkylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T. McGuire
- Department of Chemistry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
| | - Arun A. Yadav
- Paraza Pharma, Inc. 2525 Avenue Marie-Curie Montreal Quebec H4S 2E1 Canada
| | - Mark Stradiotto
- Department of Chemistry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada
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29
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Wu JY, Li Z, Yang JD, Cheng JP. Bonding Energetics of Palladium Amido/Aryloxide Complexes in DMSO: Implications for Palladium-Mediated Aniline Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23782-23790. [PMID: 32910524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thermodynamic knowledge of the metal-ligand (M-L) σ-bond strength is crucial to understanding metal-mediated transformations. Here, we developed a method for determining the Pd-X (X=OR and NHAr) bond heterolysis energies (ΔGhet (Pd-X)) in DMSO taking [(tmeda)PdArX] (tmeda=N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine) as the model complexes. The ΔGhet (Pd-X) scales span a range of 2.6-9.0 kcal mol-1 for ΔGhet (Pd-O) values and of 14.5-19.5 kcal mol-1 for ΔGhet (Pd-N) values, respectively, implying a facile heterolytic detachment of the Pd ligands. Structure-reactivity analyses of a modeling Pd-mediated X-H bond activation reveal that the M-X bond metathesis is dominated by differences of the X-H and Pd-X bond strengths, the former being more influential. The ΔGhet (Pd-X) and pKa (X-H) parameters enable regulation of reaction thermodynamics and chemoselectivity and diagnosing the probability of aniline activation with Pd-X complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Wu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjing 3, 00071, China
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30
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Wu J, Li Z, Yang J, Cheng J. Bonding Energetics of Palladium Amido/Aryloxide Complexes in DMSO: Implications for Palladium‐Mediated Aniline Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun‐Yan Wu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjing 3 00071 China
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31
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Lau SH, Yu P, Chen L, Madsen-Duggan CB, Williams MJ, Carrow BP. Aryl Amination Using Soluble Weak Base Enabled by a Water-Assisted Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20030-20039. [PMID: 33179489 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The amination of aryl halides has become one of the most commonly practiced C-N bond-forming reactions in pharmaceutical and laboratory syntheses. The widespread use of strong or poorly soluble inorganic bases for amine activation nevertheless complicates the compatibility of this important reaction class with sensitive substrates as well as applications in flow and automated synthesis, to name a few. We report a palladium-catalyzed C-N coupling using Et3N as a weak, soluble base, which allows a broad substrate scope that includes bromo- and chloro(hetero)arenes, primary anilines, secondary amines, and amide type nucleophiles together with tolerance for a range of base-sensitive functional groups. Mechanistic data have established a unique pathway for these reactions in which water serves multiple beneficial roles. In particular, ionization of a neutral catalytic intermediate via halide displacement by H2O generates, after proton loss, a coordinatively unsaturated Pd-OH species that can bind amine substrate triggering intramolecular N-H heterolysis. This water-assisted pathway operates efficiently with even weak terminal bases, such as Et3N. The use of a simple, commercially available ligand, PAd3, is key to this water-assisted mechanism by promoting coordinative unsaturation in catalytic intermediates responsible for the heterolytic activation of strong element-hydrogen bonds, which enables broad compatibility of carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions with sensitive substrates and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sii Hong Lau
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Liye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Christina B Madsen-Duggan
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07902, United States
| | - Michael J Williams
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Avenue, Summit, New Jersey 07902, United States
| | - Brad P Carrow
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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32
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McCann SD, Reichert EC, Arrechea PL, Buchwald SL. Development of an Aryl Amination Catalyst with Broad Scope Guided by Consideration of Catalyst Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15027-15037. [PMID: 32786769 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new dialkylbiaryl monophosphine ligand, GPhos, that supports a palladium catalyst capable of promoting carbon-nitrogen cross-coupling reactions between a variety of primary amines and aryl halides; in many cases, these reactions can be carried out at room temperature. The reaction development was guided by the idea that the productivity of catalysts employing BrettPhos-like ligands is limited by their lack of stability at room temperature. Specifically, it was hypothesized that primary amine and N-heteroaromatic substrates can displace the phosphine ligand, leading to the formation of catalytically dormant palladium complexes that reactivate only upon heating. This notion was supported by the synthesis and kinetic study of a putative off-cycle Pd complex. Consideration of this off-cycle species, together with the identification of substrate classes that are not effectively coupled at room temperature using previous catalysts, led to the design of a new dialkylbiaryl monophosphine ligand. An Ot-Bu substituent was added ortho to the dialkylphosphino group of the ligand framework to improve the stability of the most active catalyst conformer. To offset the increased size of this substituent, we also removed the para i-Pr group of the non-phosphorus-containing ring, which allowed the catalyst to accommodate binding of even very large α-tertiary primary amine nucleophiles. In comparison to previous catalysts, the GPhos-supported catalyst exhibits better reactivity both under ambient conditions and at elevated temperatures. Its use allows for the coupling of a range of amine nucleophiles, including (1) unhindered, (2) five-membered-ring N-heterocycle-containing, and (3) α-tertiary primary amines, each of which previously required a different catalyst to achieve optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D McCann
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Elaine C Reichert
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Pedro Luis Arrechea
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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33
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Lu C, Qiu Z, Xuan M, Huang Y, Lou Y, Zhu Y, Shen H, Lin B. Direct
N‐
Alkylation/Fluoroalkylation of Amines Using Carboxylic Acids via Transition‐Metal‐Free Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
| | - Zetian Qiu
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
| | - Maojie Xuan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology Shanghai 201418 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Lou
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo‐Lin Lin
- School of Physical Science and Technology (SPST) ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
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34
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U. Dighe S, Juliá F, Luridiana A, Douglas JJ, Leonori D. A photochemical dehydrogenative strategy for aniline synthesis. Nature 2020; 584:75-81. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2539-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Yao H, Xie B, Zhong X, Jin S, Lin S, Yan Z. Copper-catalyzed direct amination of benzylic hydrocarbons and inactive aliphatic alkanes with arylamines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3263-3268. [PMID: 32301941 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00491j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic method toward direct C-N bond formation through saturated C-H amination of benzylic hydrocarbons and inactive aliphatic alkanes with primary aromatic amines under an inexpensive catalyst/oxidant (Cu/DTBP) system has been developed. Both aminopyridines and anilines could react smoothly with primary and secondary benzylic C-H substrates or cyclohexane to form the corresponding aromatic secondary amines in moderate to good yields. This protocol has the advantages of wide functional group tolerance and use of readily available raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Shengzhou Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaohua Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Rd., Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China.
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36
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Li G, Nykaza TV, Cooper JC, Ramirez A, Luzung MR, Radosevich AT. An Improved P III/P V═O-Catalyzed Reductive C-N Coupling of Nitroaromatics and Boronic Acids by Mechanistic Differentiation of Rate- and Product-Determining Steps. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6786-6799. [PMID: 32178514 PMCID: PMC7146866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Experimental,
spectroscopic, and computational studies are reported
that provide an evidence-based mechanistic description of an intermolecular
reductive C–N coupling of nitroarenes and arylboronic acids
catalyzed by a redox-active main-group catalyst (1,2,2,3,4,4-hexamethylphosphetane P-oxide, i.e., 1·[O]). The central observations
include the following: (1) catalytic reduction of 1·[O]
to PIII phosphetane 1 is kinetically fast
under conditions of catalysis; (2) phosphetane 1 represents
the catalytic resting state as observed by 31P NMR spectroscopy;
(3) there are no long-lived nitroarene partial-reduction intermediates
observable by 15N NMR spectroscopy; (4) the reaction is
sensitive to solvent dielectric, performing best in moderately polar
solvents (viz. cyclopentylmethyl ether); and (5) the reaction is largely
insensitive with respect to common hydrosilane reductants. On the
basis of the foregoing studies, new modified catalytic conditions
are described that expand the reaction scope and provide for mild
temperatures (T ≥ 60 °C), low catalyst
loadings (≥2 mol%), and innocuous terminal reductants (polymethylhydrosiloxane).
DFT calculations define a two-stage deoxygenation sequence for the
reductive C–N coupling. The initial deoxygenation involves
a rate-determining step that consists of a (3+1) cheletropic addition
between the nitroarene substrate and phosphetane 1; energy
decomposition techniques highlight the biphilic character of the phosphetane
in this step. Although kinetically invisible, the second deoxygenation
stage is implicated as the critical C–N product-forming event,
in which a postulated oxazaphosphirane intermediate is diverted from
arylnitrene dissociation toward heterolytic ring opening with the
arylboronic acid; the resulting dipolar intermediate evolves by antiperiplanar
1,2-migration of the organoboron residue to nitrogen, resulting in
displacement of 1·[O] and formation of the target
C–N coupling product upon in situ hydrolysis.
The method thus described constitutes a mechanistically well-defined
and operationally robust main-group complement to the current workhorse
transition-metal-based methods for catalytic intermolecular C–N
coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Trevor V Nykaza
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Julian C Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Michael R Luzung
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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37
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Malapit CA, Borrell M, Milbauer MW, Brigham CE, Sanford MS. Nickel-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Amination of Carboxylic Acid Esters. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5918-5923. [PMID: 32207616 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of carboxylic acid derivatives with amines to form amide bonds has been the most widely used transformation in organic synthesis over the past century. Its utility is driven by the broad availability of the starting materials as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic driving force for amide bond formation. As such, the invention of new reactions between carboxylic acid derivatives and amines that strategically deviate from amide bond formation remains both a challenge and an opportunity for synthetic chemists. This report describes the development of a nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative reaction that couples (hetero)aromatic esters with a broad scope of amines to form (hetero)aryl amine products. The successful realization of this transformation was predicated on strategic design of the cross-coupling partners (phenol esters and silyl amines) to preclude conventional reactivity that forms inert amide byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Malapit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Margarida Borrell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Michael W Milbauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Conor E Brigham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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38
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Singer RA. BippyPhos: A Highly Versatile Ligand for Pd‐Catalyzed C−N, C−O and C−C Couplings. Isr J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Singer
- Chemical Research and DevelopmentPfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Labs Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 United States
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for ChemistryZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Christian P. Grugel
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexander M. Haydl
- Department for Intermediates—Amine SynthesisBASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str. 38 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein Germany
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40
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Becica J, Hruszkewycz DP, Steves JE, Elward JM, Leitch DC, Dobereiner GE. High-Throughput Discovery and Evaluation of a General Catalytic Method for N-Arylation of Weakly Nucleophilic Sulfonamides. Org Lett 2019; 21:8981-8986. [PMID: 31651171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Through targeted high-throughput experimentation (HTE), we have identified the Pd/AdBippyPhos catalyst system as an effective and general method to construct densely functionalized N,N-diaryl sulfonamide motifs relevant to medicinal chemistry. AdBippyPhos is particularly effective for the installation of heteroaromatic groups. Computational steric parametrization of the investigated ligands reveals the potential importance of remote steric demand, where a large cone angle combined with an accessible Pd center is correlated to successful catalysts for C-N coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Becica
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States.,Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline , Collegeville , Pennsylvania 19426 , United States
| | - Damian P Hruszkewycz
- Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline , Collegeville , Pennsylvania 19426 , United States
| | - Janelle E Steves
- Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline , Collegeville , Pennsylvania 19426 , United States
| | - Jennifer M Elward
- Molecular Design, Data & Computational Sciences , GlaxoSmithKline , Collegeville , Pennsylvania 19426 , United States
| | - David C Leitch
- Chemical Development , GlaxoSmithKline , Collegeville , Pennsylvania 19426 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Victoria , Victoria , British Columbia V8P 5C2 , Canada
| | - Graham E Dobereiner
- Department of Chemistry , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
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41
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Chen S, Wang H, Jiang W, Rui PX, Hu XG. Synthesis of tri(di)fluoroethylanilines via copper-catalyzed coupling reaction of tri(di)fluoroethylamine with (hetero)aromatic bromides. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9799-9807. [PMID: 31709436 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02271f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have realized the first Ullmann type coupling reaction of tri(di)fluoroethylamine with (hetero)aromatic bromides, employing 5-20 mol% Cu2O and an oxalamide ligand [N-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)acetamide]. This efficient and practical method has the following features: (i) avoids the use of an expensive catalyst; (ii) does not require anhydrous solvent and strict air extrusion; (iii) uses bench stable and inexpensive (hetero)aromatic bromides; (iv) is suitable for the synthesis of fluoroalkylated hetero-aromatic substrates; (v) is suitable for gram-scale synthesis. This work also shows the "negative fluorine effect" for the alkylamines in the copper catalysed coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China.
| | - Hui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China.
| | - Wei Jiang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Pei-Xin Rui
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Xiang-Guo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China and Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P.R. China.
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42
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Xin J, Leng F. N‐Arylation of Fluoroalkylamine and Trifluoroacetamide through Cu–Catalysis. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xin
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesCapital Medical University No.11 Xitoutiao outside You'anmen Beijing 100069 P. R. China
| | - Faqiang Leng
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesCapital Medical University No.11 Xitoutiao outside You'anmen Beijing 100069 P. R. China
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43
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Dorel R, Grugel CP, Haydl AM. The Buchwald-Hartwig Amination After 25 Years. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17118-17129. [PMID: 31166642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Pd-catalyzed coupling of aryl (pseudo)halides and amines is one of the most powerful approaches for the formation of C(sp2 )-N bonds. The pioneering reports from Migita and subsequently Buchwald and Hartwig on the coupling of aminostannanes and aryl bromides rapidly evolved into general and practical tin-free protocols with broad substrate scope, which led to the establishment of what is now known as the Buchwald-Hartwig amination. This Minireview summarizes the evolution of this cross-coupling reaction over the course of the past 25 years and illustrates some of the most recent applications of this well-established methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian P Grugel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander M Haydl
- Department for Intermediates-Amine Synthesis, BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
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44
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Li K, Chen L, Fan YX, Wei Y, Yan SJ. Multicomponent Tether Catalysis Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 4-(Pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-2-aminopyrroles via Cascade Reaction Is Accompanied by Decarboxylation. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11971-11982. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Xiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Jiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Yunnan University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
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45
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Tran G, Shao W, Mazet C. Ni-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Hydroamination of Branched 1,3-Dienes Using Primary Aliphatic Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14814-14822. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Tran
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Wen Shao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clément Mazet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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46
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Engl PS, Häring AP, Berger F, Berger G, Pérez-Bitrián A, Ritter T. C-N Cross-Couplings for Site-Selective Late-Stage Diversification via Aryl Sulfonium Salts. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13346-13351. [PMID: 31411869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We report diverse C-N cross-coupling reactions of aryl thianthrenium salts that are formed site-selectively by direct C-H functionalization. The scope of N-nucleophiles ranges from primary and secondary alkyl and aryl amines to various N-containing heterocycles, and the overall transformation is applicable to late-stage functionalization of complex, drug-like small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal S Engl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Andreas P Häring
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Florian Berger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Georg Berger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Alberto Pérez-Bitrián
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , Kaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1 , D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
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47
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Wang X, Huang D, Wang K, Liu J, Zong W, Wang J, Su Y, Hu Y. Tin powder promoted synthesis of trifluoroethylamine‐containing 3,3′‐disubstituted oxindoles. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Ke‐Hu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Wuzhong Zong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Yingpeng Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
| | - Yulai Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Anning East 967 Road Lanzhou Gansu 730070 P. R. China
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48
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Zinser CM, Warren KG, Nahra F, Al-Majid A, Barakat A, Islam MS, Nolan SP, Cazin CSJ. Palladate Precatalysts for the Formation of C–N and C–C Bonds. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie G. Warren
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9ST, U.K
| | - Fady Nahra
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Abdullah Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven P. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine S. J. Cazin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Forero-Cortés PA, Haydl AM. The 25th Anniversary of the Buchwald–Hartwig Amination: Development, Applications, and Outlook. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola A. Forero-Cortés
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Catalytic Reductive N‐Alkylations Using CO
2
and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Recent Progress and Developments. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12820-12838. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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