1
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Frenklach A, Amlani H, Kozuch S. Quantum Tunneling Instability in Pericyclic Reactions: The Cheletropic, Coarctate, and Ene Cases. Org Lett 2024; 26:5157-5161. [PMID: 38847371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Some retro-pericyclic reactions, as a result of their high exothermicity and short trajectories, are the perfect ground for heavy atom tunneling molecular decompositions, also known as "quantum tunneling instability" (QTI). Considering this effect, in our first installment [Frenklach, A.; Amlani, H.; Kozuch, S. Quantum Tunneling Instability in Pericyclic Reactions. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146 (17), 11823-11834, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00608], we computed several retro-Diels-Alder reactions, predicting that many studied reactants cannot be isolated. Herein, we will explore the QTI of retro-cheletropic, coarctate, and ene exemplars, where again we hypothesize the impossibility to detect their reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Frenklach
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 841051, Israel
| | - Hila Amlani
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 841051, Israel
| | - Sebastian Kozuch
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 841051, Israel
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2
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Roque JPL, Nunes CM, Schreiner PR, Fausto R. Hydrogen Tunneling Exhibiting Unexpectedly Small Primary Kinetic Isotope Effects. Chemistry 2024:e202401323. [PMID: 38709063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Probing quantum mechanical tunneling (QMT) in chemical reactions is crucial to understanding and developing new transformations. Primary H/D kinetic isotopic effects (KIEs) beyond the semiclassical maximum values of 7-10 (room temperature) are commonly used to assess substantial QMT contributions in one-step hydrogen transfer reactions, because of the much greater QMT probability of protium vs. deuterium. Nevertheless, we report here the discovery of a reaction model occurring exclusively by H-atom QMT with residual primary H/D KIEs. 2-Hydroxyphenylnitrene, generated in N2 matrix, was found to isomerize to an imino-ketone via sequential (domino) QMT involving anti to syn OH-rotamerization (rate determining step) and [1,4]-H shift reactions. These sequential QMT transformations were also observed in the OD-deuterated sample, and unexpected primary H/D KIEs between 3 and 4 were measured at 3 to 20 K. Analogous residual primary H/D KIEs were found in the anti to syn OH-rotamerization QMT of 2-cyanophenol in a N2 matrix. Evidence strongly indicates that these intriguing isotope-insensitive QMT reactivities arise due to the solvation effects of the N2 matrix medium, putatively through coupling with the moving H/D tunneling particle. Should a similar scenario be extrapolated to conventional solution conditions, then QMT may have been overlooked in many chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P L Roque
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Cláudio M Nunes
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rui Fausto
- University of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty Sciences and Letters, Department of Physics, Istanbul Kultur University, Bakirkoy, Istanbul, 34158, Turkey
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3
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Wang HD, Fu YL, Fu B, Fang W, Zhang DH. A highly accurate full-dimensional ab initio potential surface for the rearrangement of methylhydroxycarbene (H 3C-C-OH). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8117-8127. [PMID: 36876923 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We report here a full-dimensional machine learning global potential surface (PES) for the rearrangement of methylhydroxycarbene (H3C-C-OH, 1t). The PES is trained with the fundamental invariant neural network (FI-NN) method on 91 564 ab initio energies calculated at the UCCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVTZ level of theory, covering three possible product channels. FI-NN PES has the correct symmetry properties with respect to permutation of four identical hydrogen atoms and is suitable for dynamics studies of the 1t rearrangement. The averaged root mean square error (RMSE) is 11.4 meV. Six important reaction pathways, as well as the energies and vibrational frequencies at the stationary geometries on these pathways are accurately preproduced by our FI-NN PES. To demonstrate the capacity of the PES, we calculated the rate coefficient of hydrogen migration in -CH3 (path A) and hydrogen migration of -OH (path B) with instanton theory on this PES. Our calculations predicted the half-life of 1t to be 95 min, which is excellent in agreement with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Ding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yan-Lin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Bina Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Wei Fang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Dong H Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Center for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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4
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Bernhardt B, Schauermann M, Solel E, Eckhardt AK, Schreiner PR. Equilibrating parent aminomercaptocarbene and CO 2 with 2-amino-2-thioxoacetic acid via heavy-atom quantum tunneling. Chem Sci 2022; 14:130-135. [PMID: 36605744 PMCID: PMC9769125 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05388h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for methods to bind CO2 and use it synthetically as a C1-building block under mild conditions is an ongoing endeavor of great urgency. The formation of heterocyclic carbene-carbon dioxide adducts occurs rapidly when the carbene is generated in solution in the presence of CO2. Here we demonstrate the reversible formation of a complex of the hitherto unreported aminomercaptocarbene (H2N-C̈-SH) with CO2 isolated in solid argon by photolysis of 2-amino-2-thioxoacetic acid. Remarkably, the complex disappears in the dark as deduced by time-dependent matrix infrared measurements, and equilibrates back to the covalently bound starting material. This kinetically excluded process below ca. 8 K is made possible through heavy-atom quantum mechanical tunneling, as also evident from density functional theory and ab initio computations at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level of theory. Our results provide insight into CO2 activation using a carbene and emphasize the role of quantum mechanical tunneling in organic processes, even involving heavy atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bernhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany
| | - Markus Schauermann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany
| | - Ephrath Solel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany
| | - André K. Eckhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig UniversityHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGermany
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5
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Nunes CM, Roque JP, Doddipatla S, Wood SA, McMahon RJ, Fausto R. Simultaneous Tunneling Control in Conformer-Specific Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20866-20874. [PMID: 36321916 PMCID: PMC9776521 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We present here a new example of chemical reactivity governed by quantum tunneling, which also highlights the limitations of the classical theories. The syn and anti conformers of a triplet 2-formylphenylnitrene, generated in a nitrogen matrix, were found to spontaneously rearrange to the corresponding 2,1-benzisoxazole and imino-ketene, respectively. The kinetics of both transformations were measured at 10 and 20 K and found to be temperature-independent, providing clear evidence of concomitant tunneling reactions (heavy-atom and H-atom). Computations confirm the existence of these tunneling reaction pathways. Although the energy barrier between the nitrene conformers is lower than any of the observed reactions, no conformational interconversion was observed. These results demonstrate an unprecedented case of simultaneous tunneling control in conformer-specific reactions of the same chemical species. The product outcome is impossible to be rationalized by the conventional kinetic or thermodynamic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio M. Nunes
- University
of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal,
| | - José P.
L. Roque
- University
of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Srinivas Doddipatla
- University
of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Samuel A. Wood
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Robert J. McMahon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322, United States
| | - Rui Fausto
- University
of Coimbra, CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
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6
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Schleif T. Transformations of Strained Three-Membered Rings a Common, Yet Overlooked, Motif in Heavy-Atom Tunneling Reactions. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201775. [PMID: 35762788 PMCID: PMC9804509 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanical tunneling has long been recognized as an important phenomenon when considering transformations dominated by a lightweight hydrogen atom. Tunneling of heavier atoms like carbon, initially dismissed as negligible, has seen a quickly increasing number of computationally predicted and/or experimentally confirmed examples over the last decade, thus highlighting its importance for a wide variety of reactions. However, no common structural motif has been pointed out within these seemingly unconnected examples, strongly limiting the predictability of the impact of heavy-atom tunneling on a given reaction. This Concept article will provide this perspective and showcase how the recognition of the formation and cleavage of three-membered rings as common motif can inform the prediction of and research into heavy-atom tunneling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schleif
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie IIRuhr-Universität Bochum44780BochumGermany,Present address: Sterling Chemistry LaboratoryYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA
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7
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Greer EM, Siev V, Segal A, Greer A, Doubleday C. Computational Evidence for Tunneling and a Hidden Intermediate in the Biosynthesis of Tetrahydrocannabinol. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7646-7656. [PMID: 35451301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantum tunneling is computed for a reaction sequence that models the conversion of the ortho-quinone methide of cannabigerolic acid 1 to the decarboxylated product (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 3). This calculation is the first to evaluate multidimensional tunneling in this sequence. Computations were carried out with POLYRATE and GAUSSRATE using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) to examine the mechanism of THC 3 formation. The pentyl chain on THC 3 and its precursors were replaced with a methyl group to compute tunneling contributions to the rates of four separate steps: (i) initial Diels-Alder reaction of the quinone methide with the trisubstituted alkene end-group of the geranyl 1Z-CH3 to give 2Z-CH3, (ii) acid-catalyzed keto-enol tautomerization, which converts 2rZ-CH3 to 4rZ-CH3, (iii) carboxyl rotamerization converting 4rZ-CH3 to 4E-CH3, and (iv) decarboxylation that converts 4E-CH3 to 3-CH3. Tunneling contributions to the rate constants of steps (i)-(iv) are between 19 and 76% at 293 K. In step (ii), nonuniform changes in the zero-point vibrational energy along the reaction path created a shallow minimum in the 0 K free energy. It is a hidden intermediate because it is not a minimum on the potential energy surface and is detectable only when zero-point energy is taken into account along the reaction path. Predicted kinetic isotope effects would be experimentally observable at temperatures that are convenient to use. This is particularly relevant in the decarboxylation stage of the reaction sequence and has important implications because of its role in THC 3 formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta M Greer
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College of the City University of New York, 17 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Victor Siev
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College of the City University of New York, 17 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Ayelet Segal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College of the City University of New York, 17 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States.,PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Charles Doubleday
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, MC 3142, New York, New York 10027, United States
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8
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Fausto R, Ildiz GO, Nunes CM. IR-induced and tunneling reactions in cryogenic matrices: the (incomplete) story of a successful endeavor. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2853-2872. [PMID: 35302145 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01026c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, IR-induced and tunneling-driven reactions observed in cryogenic matrices are described in a historical perspective, the entangling of the two types of processes being highlighted. The story of this still ongoing fascinating scientific endeavor is presented here following closely our own involvement in the field for more than 30 years, and thus focuses mostly on our work. It is, because of this reason, also an incomplete story. Nevertheless, it considers a large range of examples, from very selective IR-induced conformational isomerizations to IR-induced bond-breaking/bond-forming reactions and successful observations of rare heavy atom tunneling processes. As a whole, this article provides a rather general overview of the major progress achieved in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fausto
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Gulce O Ildiz
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal. .,Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Istanbul Kultur University, 34158 Bakirkoy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cláudio M Nunes
- CQC-IMS, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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9
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Lohmiller T, Sarkar SK, Tatchen J, Henkel S, Schleif T, Savitsky A, Sanchez-Garcia E, Sander W. Sequential Hydrogen Tunneling in o-Tolylmethylene. Chemistry 2021; 27:17873-17879. [PMID: 34346532 PMCID: PMC9293181 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
o‐Tolylmethylene 1 is a metastable triplet carbene that rearranges to o‐xylylene 2 even at temperatures as low as 2.7 K via [1,4] H atom tunneling. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopical techniques were used to identify two conformers of 1 (anti and syn) in noble gas matrices and in frozen organic solutions. Conformer‐specific kinetic measurements revealed that the rate constants for the rearrangements of the anti and syn conformers of 1 are very similar. However, the orbital alignment in the syn conformer is less favorable for the hydrogen transfer reaction than the orbital configuration in the anti conformer. Our spectroscopic and quantum chemical investigations indicate that anti1 and syn1 rapidly interconvert via efficient quantum tunneling forming a rotational pre‐equilibrium. The subsequent second tunneling reaction, the [1,4] H migration from anti1 to 2, is rate‐limiting for the formation of 2. We here present an efficient strategy for the study of such tunneling equilibria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lohmiller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,EPR4Energy Joint Lab, Abteilung Spins in der Energieumwandlung und Quanteninformatik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sujan K Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,present address: The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jörg Tatchen
- Computational Biochemistry, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Henkel
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,present address: Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Schleif
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anton Savitsky
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,present address: Experimentelle Physik 3, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Computational Biochemistry, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sander
- Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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10
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Kozuch S, Schleif T, Karton A. Quantum mechanical tunnelling: the missing term to achieve sub-kJ mol -1 barrier heights. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10888-10898. [PMID: 33908522 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01275d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To predict barrier heights at low temperatures, it is not enough to employ highly accurate electronic structure methods. We discuss the influence of quantum tunnelling on the comparison of experimental and theoretical activation parameters (Ea, ΔH‡, ΔG‡, or ΔS‡), since the slope-based experimental techniques to obtain them completely neglect the tunnelling component. The intramolecular degenerate rearrangement of four fluxional molecules (bullvalene, barbaralane, semibullvalene, and norbornadienylidene) were considered, systems that cover the range between fast deep tunneling and small but significant shallow tunnelling correction. The barriers were computed with the composite W3lite-F12 method at the CCSDT(Q)/CBS level, and the tunnelling contribution with small curvature tunnelling. While at room temperature the effect is small (∼1 kJ mol-1), at low temperatures it can be considerable (in the order of tens of kJ mol-1 at ∼80 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kozuch
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 841051, Israel.
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11
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Bernhardt B, Dressler F, Eckhardt AK, Becker J, Schreiner PR. Characterization of the Simplest Thiolimine: The Higher Energy Tautomer of Thioformamide. Chemistry 2021; 27:6732-6739. [PMID: 33496350 PMCID: PMC8252572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As sulfur‐containing organic molecules thioamides and their isomers are conceivable intermediates in prebiotic chemistry, for example, in the formation of amino acids and thiazoles and resemble viable candidates for detection in interstellar media. Here, we report the characterization of parent thioformamide in the solid state via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and its photochemical interconversion to its hitherto unreported higher energy tautomer thiolimine in inert argon and dinitrogen matrices. Upon photogeneration, four conformers of thiolimine form, whose ratio depends on the employed wavelength. One of these conformers interconverts due to quantum mechanical tunneling with a half‐life of 30–45 min in both matrix materials at 3 and 20 K. A spontaneous reverse reaction from thiolimine to thioformamide is not observed. To support our experimental findings, we explored the potential energy surface of the system at the AE‐CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pCVTZ level of theory and computed tunneling half‐lives with the CVT/SCT approach applying DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bernhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Friedemann Dressler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - André K Eckhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35390, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35390, Giessen, Germany
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12
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Quanz H, Bernhardt B, Erb FR, Bartlett MA, Allen WD, Schreiner PR. Identification and Reactivity of s- cis, s- cis-Dihydroxycarbene, a New [CH 2O 2] Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19457-19461. [PMID: 33166464 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the first preparation of the s-cis,s-cis conformer of dihydroxycarbene (1cc) by means of pyrolysis of oxalic acid, isolation of the lower-energy s-trans,s-trans (1tt) and s-cis,s-trans (1ct) product conformers at cryogenic temperatures in a N2 matrix, and subsequent narrow-band near-infrared (NIR) laser excitation to give 1cc. Carbene 1cc converts quickly to 1ct via quantum-mechanical tunneling with an effective half-life of 22 min at 3 K. The potential energy surface features around 1 were pinpointed by convergent focal point analysis targeting the AE-CCSDT(Q)/CBS level of electronic structure theory. Computations of the tunneling kinetics confirm the time scale of the 1cc → 1ct rotamerization and suggest that direct 1cc → H2 + CO2 decomposition may also be a minor pathway. The intriguing latter possibility cannot be confirmed spectroscopically, but hints of it may be present in the measured kinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Quanz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bastian Bernhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Frederik R Erb
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.,Allen Heritage Foundation, Dickson, Tennessee 37055, United States
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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13
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14
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Das A, Hessin C, Ren Y, Desage-El Murr M. Biological concepts for catalysis and reactivity: empowering bioinspiration. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8840-8867. [PMID: 33107878 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00914h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biological systems provide attractive reactivity blueprints for the design of challenging chemical transformations. Emulating the operating mode of natural systems may however not be so easy and direct translation of structural observations does not always afford the anticipated efficiency. Metalloenzymes rely on earth-abundant metals to perform an incredibly wide range of chemical transformations. To do so, enzymes in general have evolved tools and tricks to enable control of such reactivity. The underlying concepts related to these tools are usually well-known to enzymologists and bio(inorganic) chemists but may be a little less familiar to organometallic chemists. So far, the field of bioinspired catalysis has greatly focused on the coordination sphere and electronic effects for the design of functional enzyme models but might benefit from a paradigm shift related to recent findings in biological systems. The goal of this review is to bring these fields closer together as this could likely result in the development of a new generation of highly efficient bioinspired systems. This contribution covers the fields of redox-active ligands, entatic state reactivity, energy conservation through electron bifurcation, and quantum tunneling for C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnideep Das
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Chimie, UMR CNRS 7177, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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15
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Wu F, Deraedt C, Cornaton Y, Contreras-Garcia J, Boucher M, Karmazin L, Bailly C, Djukic JP. Making Base-Assisted C–H Bond Activation by Cp*Co(III) Effective: A Noncovalent Interaction-Inclusive Theoretical Insight and Experimental Validation. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fule Wu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organométalliques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Deraedt
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organométalliques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yann Cornaton
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organométalliques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Contreras-Garcia
- Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique UMR 7616 CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Site Jussieu, 4 place Jussieu, 75052 Paris cedex, France
| | - Mélanie Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organométalliques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie Le Bel FR 2010, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie Le Bel FR 2010, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Djukic
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Systémique Organométalliques, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Qian W, Chu X, Song C, Wu Z, Jiao M, Liu H, Zou B, Rauhut G, Tew DP, Wang L, Zeng X. Hydrogen-Atom Tunneling in Metaphosphorous Acid. Chemistry 2020; 26:8205-8209. [PMID: 32302021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Metaphosphorous acid (HOPO), a key intermediate in phosphorus chemistry, has been generated in syn- and anti-conformations in the gas phase by high-vacuum flash pyrolysis (HVFP) of a molecular precursor ethoxyphosphinidene oxide (EtOPO→C2 H4 +HOPO) at ca. 1000 K and subsequently trapped in an N2 -matrix at 2.8 K. Unlike the two conformers of the nitrogen analogue HONO, the anti-conformer of HOPO undergoes spontaneous rotamerization at 2.8 K via hydrogen-atom tunneling (HAT) with noticeable kinetic isotope effects for H/D (>104 for DOPO) and 16 O/18 O (1.19 for H18 OPO and 1.06 for HOP18 O) in N2 -matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Qian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Xianxu Chu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Chao Song
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengqi Jiao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Zou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Guntram Rauhut
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - David P Tew
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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17
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Heavy-Atom Tunneling Processes during Denitrogenation of 2,3-Diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene and Ring Closure of Cyclopentane-1,3-diyl Diradical. Stereoselectivity in Tunneling and Matrix Effect. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8881-8892. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Bartlett MA, Kazez AH, Schaefer HF, Allen WD. Riddles of the structure and vibrational dynamics of HO 3 resolved near the ab initio limit. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:094304. [PMID: 31492062 DOI: 10.1063/1.5110291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydridotrioxygen (HO3) radical has been investigated in many previous theoretical and experimental studies over several decades, originally because of its possible relevance to the tropospheric HOx cycle but more recently because of its fascinating chemical bonding, geometric structure, and vibrational dynamics. We have executed new, comprehensive research on this vexing molecule via focal point analyses (FPA) to approach the ab initio limit of optimized geometric structures, relative energies, complete quartic force fields, and the entire reaction path for cis-trans isomerization. High-order coupled cluster theory was applied through the CCSDT(Q) and even CCSDTQ(P) levels, and CBS extrapolations were performed using cc-pVXZ (X = 2-6) basis sets. The cis isomer proves to be higher than trans by 0.52 kcal mol-1, but this energetic ordering is achieved only after the CCSDT(Q) milestone is reached; the barrier for cis → trans isomerization is a minute 0.27 kcal mol-1. The FPA central re(O-O) bond length of trans-HO3 is astonishingly long (1.670 Å), consistent with the semiexperimental re distance we extracted from microwave rotational constants of 10 isotopologues using FPA vibration-rotation interaction constants (αi). The D0(HO-O2) dissociation energy converges to a mere 2.80 ± 0.25 kcal mol-1. Contrary to expectation for such a weakly bound system, vibrational perturbation theory performs remarkably well with the FPA anharmonic force fields, even for the torsional fundamental near 130 cm-1. Exact numerical procedures are applied to the potential energy function for the torsional reaction path to obtain energy levels, tunneling rates, and radiative lifetimes. The cis → trans isomerization occurs via tunneling with an inherent half-life of 1.4 × 10-11 s and 8.6 × 10-10 s for HO3 and DO3, respectively, thus resolving the mystery of why the cis species has not been observed in previous experiments executed in dissipative environments that allow collisional cooling of the trans-HO3 product. In contrast, the pure ground eigenstate of the cis species in a vacuum is predicted to have a spontaneous radiative lifetime of about 1 h and 5 days for HO3 and DO3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Arianna H Kazez
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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19
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Góbi S, Nunes CM, Reva I, Tarczay G, Fausto R. S–H rotamerizationviatunneling in a thiol form of thioacetamide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:17063-17071. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rotamerization of the S–H groupviahydrogen tunneling is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor Góbi
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra
- Portugal
| | | | - Igor Reva
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra
- Portugal
| | - György Tarczay
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy
- Institute of Chemistry
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
- H-1518 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Rui Fausto
- CQC
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra
- Portugal
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20
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Linden MM, Wagner JP, Bernhardt B, Bartlett MA, Allen WD, Schreiner PR. Intricate Conformational Tunneling in Carbonic Acid Monomethyl Ester. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1663-1667. [PMID: 29544243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Disentangling internal and external effects is a key requirement for understanding conformational tunneling processes. Here we report the s- trans/ s- cis tunneling rotamerization of carbonic acid monomethyl ester (1) under matrix isolation conditions and make comparisons to its parent carbonic acid (3). The observed tunneling rate of 1 is temperature-independent in the 3-20 K range and accelerates when using argon instead of neon as the matrix material. The methyl group increases the effective half life (τeff) of the energetically disfavored s- trans-conformer from 3-5 h for 3 to 11-13 h for 1. Methyl group deuteration slows the rotamerization further (τeff ≈ 35 h). CCSD(T)/cc-pVQZ//MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ computations of the tunneling probability suggest that the rate should be almost unaffected by methyl substitution or its deuteration. Thus the observed relative rates are puzzling, and they disagree with previous explanations involving fast vibrational relaxation after the tunneling event facilitated by the alkyl rotor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Linden
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - J Philipp Wagner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Bastian Bernhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Marcus A Bartlett
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Wesley D Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
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21
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Eckhardt AK, Gerbig D, Schreiner PR. Heavy Atom Secondary Kinetic Isotope Effect on H-Tunneling. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1488-1495. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André K. Eckhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring
17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dennis Gerbig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring
17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring
17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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22
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Rostkowska H, Lapinski L, Nowak MJ. Hydrogen-atom tunneling through a very high barrier; spontaneous thiol → thione conversion in thiourea isolated in low-temperature Ar, Ne, H2and D2matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:13994-14002. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01703d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen-atom tunneling in thiourea involves breaking of the S–H chemical bond and the formation of a new N–H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rostkowska
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Leszek Lapinski
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Maciej J. Nowak
- Institute of Physics
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 02-668 Warsaw
- Poland
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23
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Grimme S, Schreiner PR. Computerchemie: das Schicksal aktueller Methoden und zukünftige Herausforderungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Justus-Liebig-Universität; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
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24
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Grimme S, Schreiner PR. Computational Chemistry: The Fate of Current Methods and Future Challenges. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 57:4170-4176. [PMID: 29105929 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
"Where do we go from here?" is the underlying question regarding the future (perhaps foreseeable) developments in computational chemistry. Although this young discipline has already permeated practically all of chemistry, it is likely to become even more powerful with the rapid development of computational hard- and software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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25
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Li X, Liao T, Chung LW. Computational Prediction of Excited-State Carbon Tunneling in the Two Steps of Triplet Zimmerman Di-π-Methane Rearrangement. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16438-16441. [PMID: 29037035 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced Zimmerman di-π-methane (DPM) rearrangement of polycyclic molecules to form synthetically useful cyclopropane derivatives was found experimentally to proceed in a triplet excited state. We have applied state-of-the-art quantum mechanical methods, including M06-2X, DLPNO-CCSD(T) and variational transition-state theory with multidimensional tunneling corrections, to an investigation of the reaction rates of the two steps in the triplet DPM rearrangement of dibenzobarrelene, benzobarrelene and barrelene. This study predicts a high probability of carbon tunneling in regions around the two consecutive transition states at 200-300 K, and an enhancement in the rates by 104-276/35-67% with carbon tunneling at 200/300 K. The Arrhenius plots of the rate constants were found to be curved at low temperatures. Moreover, the computed 12C/13C kinetic isotope effects were affected significantly by carbon tunneling and temperature. Our predictions of electronically excited-state carbon tunneling and two consecutive carbon tunneling are unprecedented. Heavy-atom tunneling in some photoinduced reactions with reactive intermediates and narrow barriers can be potentially observed at relatively low temperature in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Liao
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Department of Chemistry, South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055, China
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26
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Wu Z, Feng R, Li H, Xu J, Deng G, Abe M, Bégué D, Liu K, Zeng X. Fast Heavy-Atom Tunneling in Trifluoroacetyl Nitrene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Ruijuan Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongmin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Guohai Deng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Didier Bégué
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR5254; CNRS/ UNIV PAU & Pays Adour; Pau 64000 France
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
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27
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Wu Z, Feng R, Li H, Xu J, Deng G, Abe M, Bégué D, Liu K, Zeng X. Fast Heavy-Atom Tunneling in Trifluoroacetyl Nitrene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15672-15676. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Ruijuan Feng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Hongmin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Guohai Deng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Hiroshima University; 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Didier Bégué
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR5254; CNRS/ UNIV PAU & Pays Adour; Pau 64000 France
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry; Tianjin Normal University; Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
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28
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Schreiner PR. Tunneling Control of Chemical Reactions: The Third Reactivity Paradigm. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15276-15283. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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29
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Ryazantsev SV, Feldman VI, Khriachtchev L. Conformational Switching of HOCO Radical: Selective Vibrational Excitation and Hydrogen-Atom Tunneling. J Am Chem Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Ryazantsev
- Department
of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Vladimir I. Feldman
- Department
of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Leonid Khriachtchev
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
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30
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Karmakar S, Datta A. Tunneling Control: Competition between 6π-Electrocyclization and [1,5]H-Sigmatropic Shift Reactions in Tetrahydro-1H-cyclobuta[e]indene Derivatives. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1558-1566. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Karmakar
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road,
Jadavpur, 700032 Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- Department of Spectroscopy, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road,
Jadavpur, 700032 Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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31
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Mardyukov A, Quanz H, Schreiner PR. Conformer-specific hydrogen atom tunnelling in trifluoromethylhydroxycarbene. Nat Chem 2016; 9:71-76. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Thomas J, Carrillo MJ, Serrato A, Schnitzler EG, Jäger W, Xu Y, Lin W. Conformational analysis of 3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)propanoic acid. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Schnitzler EG, Badran C, Jäger W. Contrasting Effects of Water on the Barriers to Decarboxylation of Two Oxalic Acid Monohydrates: A Combined Rotational Spectroscopic and Ab Initio Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1143-1147. [PMID: 26963633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using rotational spectroscopy, we have observed two isomers of the monohydrate of oxalic acid, the most abundant dicarboxylic acid in the atmosphere. In the lowest-energy isomer, water hydrogen-bonds to both carboxylic acid groups, and the barrier to decarboxylation decreases. In the second isomer, water bonds to only one carboxylic acid group, and the barrier increases. Though the lower barrier in the former is not unequivocal evidence that water acts as a photocatalyst, the higher barrier in the latter indicates that water acts as an inhibitor in this topology. Oxalic acid is unique among dicarboxylic acids: for the higher homologues calculated, the inhibiting topology of the monohydrate is lowest in energy and most abundant under atmospheric conditions. Consequently, oxalic acid is the only dicarboxylic acid for which single-water catalysis of overtone-induced decarboxylation in the atmosphere is plausible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah G Schnitzler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Courtenay Badran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Wolfgang Jäger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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34
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Meisner J, Kästner J. Atom Tunneling in Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5400-13. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meisner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meisner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
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36
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Qiu Y, Wu CH, Schaefer III HF, Allen WD, Agarwal J. σ Bond activation through tunneling: formation of the boron hydride cations BHn+ (n = 2, 4, 6). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:4063-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The network of H2 additions to B+ and subsequent insertion reactions serve as a tractable model for hydrogen storage in elementary boron-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Qiu
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
| | | | - Wesley D. Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- Georgia
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37
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Wagner JP, Reisenauer HP, Hirvonen V, Wu CH, Tyberg JL, Allen WD, Schreiner PR. Tunnelling in carbonic acid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:7858-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cis,trans-conformer of carbonic acid (H2CO3), generated by near-infrared radiation, undergoes an unreported quantum mechanical tunnelling rotamerization with half-lives in cryogenic matrices of 4–20 h, depending on temperature and host material.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Philipp Wagner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Justus-Liebig University
- Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17
- D-35392 Giessen
- Germany
| | - Hans Peter Reisenauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Justus-Liebig University
- Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17
- D-35392 Giessen
- Germany
| | - Viivi Hirvonen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Justus-Liebig University
- Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17
- D-35392 Giessen
- Germany
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Joseph L. Tyberg
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Wesley D. Allen
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry and Department of Chemistry
- University of Georgia
- Athens
- USA
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Justus-Liebig University
- Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17
- D-35392 Giessen
- Germany
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38
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Bredtmann T, Diestler DJ, Li SD, Manz J, Pérez-Torres JF, Tian WJ, Wu YB, Yang Y, Zhai HJ. Quantum theory of concerted electronic and nuclear fluxes associated with adiabatic intramolecular processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:29421-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03982g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Example of concerted electronic (right) and nuclear (left) fluxes: isomerization of B4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timm Bredtmann
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Dennis J. Diestler
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Jörn Manz
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | | | - Wen-Juan Tian
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Yan-Bo Wu
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Yonggang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices
- Institute of Laser Spectroscopy
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
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