1
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Bera S, Dutta A, Dastidar P. Developing Supramolecular Metallogel Derived from Pd 2L 4 Cage Molecule for Delivering an Anti-Cancer Drug to Melanoma Cell B16-F10. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400419. [PMID: 38872363 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular gels are an important class of materials that are promising for its wide range of applications including drug delivery. While supramolecular gels are intrinsically porous because of the 3D nano-matrix (gel matrix) that is being formed due to supramolecular self-assembly process involving the gelator molecules during gelation, additional nanopores can be introduced to the overall gel if the gelator molecule itself holds molecular cavity such as metal-organic-cage (MOC) molecules. A MOC having the molecular formula [(Pd2L24).4NO3].3H2O.2DMF.MeOH (Pd-cage) (L2=5-Azido-N,N'-di-pyridin-3-yl-isophthalamide) was successfully synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, ESI-MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Stimuli-reversible supramolecular metallogel PdG could easily be formed from Pd-cage in DMSO/water mixture. The molecular cage of Pd-cage was demonstrated to be available for loading an anti-cancer drug namely doxorubicin (DOX). Subsequently, DOX was also loaded within PdG and delivered to melanoma cell line B16-F10 displaying significant anti-cancer activity as revealed by both MTT and scratch assay. Rheoreversibility of PdG and its ability to load and deliver DOX to cancer cells clearly raised hope for developing this metallogel further as topical anticancer gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhishek Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
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2
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Li M, Zhu H, Adorinni S, Xue W, Heard A, Garcia AM, Kralj S, Nitschke JR, Marchesan S. Metal Ions Trigger the Gelation of Cysteine-Containing Peptide-Appended Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406909. [PMID: 38701043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
We report a series of coordination cages that incorporate peptide chains at their vertices, prepared through subcomponent self-assembly. Three distinct heterochiral tripeptide subcomponents were incorporated, each exhibiting an L-D-L stereoconfiguration. Through this approach, we prepared and characterized three tetrahedral metal-peptide cages that incorporate thiol and methylthio groups. The gelation of these cages was probed through the binding of additional metal ions, with the metal-peptide cages acting as junctions, owing to the presence of sulfur atoms on the peripheral peptides. Gels were obtained with cages bearing cysteine at the C-terminus. Our strategy for developing functional metal-coordinated supramolecular gels with a modular design may result in the development of materials useful for chemical separations or drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 689 Huadian Road, Baoding, 071003, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- Department of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Huangtianzhi Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Simone Adorinni
- Department of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Weichao Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Andrew Heard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Ana M Garcia
- Department of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Materials Synthesis Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department - Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Department of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, Italy
- INSTM, Unit of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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3
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Zhao J, Lv R, Zhao F, Yang D. Post-Assembly Polymerization of Discrete Anion-Coordinated Triple Helicate. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400161. [PMID: 38593244 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Hierarchical self-assembly has been recently employed in the construction of anion-coordination-driven gel materials. However, the post-assembly modification strategy, which may be a highly efficient strategy to realize the functionalization of discrete 'aniono' supramolecular architectures, has not been employed yet. Herein we report the first example of anion-coordination-driven gel material cross-linked by well-defined 'aniono' triple helicate through post-assembly polymerization. The obtained gel shows self-healing property and excellent compatibility with various surfaces, including glass, rubber, leaf, PP, and metal. The viscoelastic gel constructed through the post-assembly modification strategy enriches the method to construct the anion-coordination-driven smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055
| | - Ruying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069
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4
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Qin S, Niu Y, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhou J, Bai Y, Ma G. Metal Ion-Containing Hydrogels: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in Bone Tissue Engineering. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3217-3248. [PMID: 38237033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel, as a unique scaffold material, features a three-dimensional network system that provides conducive conditions for the growth of cells and tissues in bone tissue engineering (BTE). In recent years, it has been discovered that metal ion-containing hybridized hydrogels, synthesized with metal particles as the foundation, exhibit excellent physicochemical properties, osteoinductivity, and osteogenic potential. They offer a wide range of research prospects in the field of BTE. This review provides an overview of the current state and recent advancements in research concerning metal ion-containing hydrogels in the field of BTE. Within materials science, it covers topics such as the binding mechanisms of metal ions within hydrogel networks, the types and fabrication methods of various metal ion-containing hydrogels, and the influence of metal ions on the properties of hydrogels. In the context of BTE, the review delves into the osteogenic mechanisms of various metal ions, the applications of metal ion-containing hydrogels in BTE, and relevant experimental studies in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, future improvements in bone repair can be anticipated through advancements in bone bionics, exploring interactions between metal ions and the development of a wider range of metal ions and hydrogel types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengao Qin
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Niu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150020, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health and Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
- Department of VIP Dental Service, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Oral and General Health Integration and Translation, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Bai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
| | - Guowu Ma
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, P. R. China
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated School of Stomatology of Dalian Medical University, No. 397 Huangpu Road, Shahekou District, Dalian 116086, P. R. China
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5
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Tutoni GG, McDonald SM, Zhong R, Lu A, Huang TJ, Becker ML. Microfluidic Assembly of Degradable, Stereocomplexed Hydrogel Microparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14705-14714. [PMID: 38749060 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) have been investigated widely for their use in tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However, translation of these highly tunable systems has been hindered by covalent cross-linking methods within microparticles. Stereocomplexation, a stereospecific form of physical cross-linking, provides a robust yet degradable alternative for creating translationally relevant HMPs. Herein, 4-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) stars were used as macromolecular initiators from which oligomeric poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) was polymerized with a degree of polymerization (DPn) of 20 on each arm. Similarly, complementary propargyl-containing ABA cross-linkers with enantiomeric poly(d-lactic acid) (PDLA) segments (DPn = 20) on each arm. Droplets of these gel precursors were formed via a microfluidic organic-in-oil-in-water system where microparticles self-assembled via stereocomplexation and were stabilized after precipitation in deionized water. By varying the flow rate of the dispersed phase, well-defined microparticles with diameters of 33.7 ± 0.5, 62.4 ± 0.6, and 105.7 ± 0.8 μm were fabricated. Gelation due to stereocomplexation was confirmed via wide-angle X-ray scattering in which HMPs exhibited the signature diffraction pattern of stereocomplexed PLA at 2θ = 12.2, 21.2, 24.2°. Differential scanning calorimetry also confirmed stereocomplexation by the appearance of a crystallization exotherm (Tc = 37 °C) and a high-temperature endotherm (Tm = 159 °C) that does not appear in the homocrystallization of PLLA or the hydrogel precursors. Additionally, the propargyl handle present on the cross-linker allows for pre- or post-assembly thiol-yne "click" functionalization as demonstrated by the addition of thiol-containing fluorophores to the HMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna G Tutoni
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Samantha M McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ruoyu Zhong
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Annette Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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6
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Lundberg DJ, Brown CM, Bobylev EO, Oldenhuis NJ, Alfaraj YS, Zhao J, Kevlishvili I, Kulik HJ, Johnson JA. Nested non-covalent interactions expand the functions of supramolecular polymer networks. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3951. [PMID: 38730254 PMCID: PMC11087514 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47666-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular polymer networks contain non-covalent cross-links that enable access to broadly tunable mechanical properties and stimuli-responsive behaviors; the incorporation of multiple unique non-covalent cross-links within such materials further expands their mechanical responses and functionality. To date, however, the design of such materials has been accomplished through discrete combinations of distinct interaction types in series, limiting materials design logic. Here we introduce the concept of leveraging "nested" supramolecular crosslinks, wherein two distinct types of non-covalent interactions exist in parallel, to control bulk material functions. To demonstrate this concept, we use polymer-linked Pd2L4 metal-organic cage (polyMOC) gels that form hollow metal-organic cage junctions through metal-ligand coordination and can exhibit well-defined host-guest binding within their cavity. In these "nested" supramolecular network junctions, the thermodynamics of host-guest interactions within the junctions affect the metal-ligand interactions that form those junctions, ultimately translating to substantial guest-dependent changes in bulk material properties that could not be achieved in traditional supramolecular networks with multiple interactions in series.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christopher M Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eduard O Bobylev
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nathan J Oldenhuis
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, 23 Academic Way, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Yasmeen S Alfaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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7
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Zhang X, Zhang D, Wei C, Wang D, Lavendomme R, Qi S, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xu L, Gao EQ, Yu W, Yang HB, He M. Coordination cages integrated into swelling poly(ionic liquid)s for guest encapsulation and separation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3766. [PMID: 38704382 PMCID: PMC11069568 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Coordination cages have been widely reported to bind a variety of guests, which are useful for chemical separation. Although the use of cages in the solid state benefits the recycling, the flexibility, dynamicity, and metal-ligand bond reversibility of solid-state cages are poor, preventing efficient guest encapsulation. Here we report a type of coordination cage-integrated solid materials that can be swelled into gel in water. The material is prepared through incorporation of an anionic FeII4L6 cage as the counterion of a cationic poly(ionic liquid) (MOC@PIL). The immobilized cages within MOC@PILs have been found to greatly affect the swelling ability of MOC@PILs and thus the mechanical properties. Importantly, upon swelling, the uptake of water provides an ideal microenvironment within the gels for the immobilized cages to dynamically move and flex that leads to excellent solution-level guest binding performances. This concept has enabled the use of MOC@PILs as efficient adsorbents for the removal of pollutants from water and for the purification of toluene and cyclohexane. Importantly, MOC@PILs can be regenerated through a deswelling strategy along with the recycling of the extracted guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
| | - Chenyang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Dehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, 100083, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Roy Lavendomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratoire de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire Haute Résolution, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/08, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shuo Qi
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jingshun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Yongya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, PR China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- Physics Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - En-Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Wei Yu
- Advanced Rheology Institute, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory for Metal Matrix Composite Materials, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
| | - Mingyuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China.
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8
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Nasu E, Kawakami N, Takamura S, Hotta A, Arai R, Miyamoto K. Thermally Reversible Gel-Sol Transition of Hydrogels via Dissociation and Association of an Artificial Protein Nanocage. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2358-2366. [PMID: 38445465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Oligomeric protein nanocages often disassemble into their subunits and reassemble by external stimuli. Thus, using these nanocages as cross-linkers for hydrogel network structures is a promising approach to allow hydrogels to undergo stimuli-responsive gel-sol transitions or self-healing. Here, we report hydrogels that show a reversible gel-sol transition resulting from the heat-induced dissociation and reassociation of protein nanocages. The hydrogel contained the 60-mer artificial protein nanocage, TIP60, as a supramolecular cross-linker for polyethylene glycol network structures. The hydrogel showed a gel-to-sol transition upon heating at a temperature above the melting point of TIP60 and immediately returned to a gel state upon cooling to room temperature. During the heating and cooling treatment of the hydrogel, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis suggested the dissociation and reassociation of TIP60. Furthermore, we demonstrated redox-responsive cargo release from TIP60 in the hydrogel. These results showed the potential of TIP60 as a component of multi-stimuli-responsive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nasu
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawakami
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takamura
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hotta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Kenji Miyamoto
- Department of Bioscience and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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Sutar P, Das TN, Jena R, Dutta D, Bhattacharyya AJ, Maji TK. Proton Conductivity in a Metal-Organic Cube-Based Framework and Derived Hydrogel with Tubular Morphology. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5913-5922. [PMID: 38436582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The hydrogels, formed by self-assembly of predesigned, discrete metal-organic cubes (MOCs), have emerged as a new type of functional soft material whose diverse properties are yet to be explored. Here, we explore the proton conductivity of a MOC-based supramolecular porous framework {(Me2NH2)12[Ga8(ImDC)12]·DMF·29H2O} (1) (ImDC = 4,5-imidazole dicarboxylate) and derived hydrogel (MOC-G1). The intrinsic charge-assisted H-bonded (between anionic MOC {[Ga8(ImDC)12]12-} and dimethylammonium cations) framework 1 exhibits an ambient condition proton conductivity value of 2.3 × 10-5 S cm-1 (@40% RH) which increases with increasing temperature (8.2 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 120 °C and 40% RH) and follows the Grotthuss type of mechanism of proton conduction. Self-assembly of the MOCs in the presence of ammonium cations, as molecular binders, resulted in a hydrogel (MOC-G1) that shows directional H-bonded 1D nanotubular morphology. While guest water molecules are immensely important in deciding the proton conductivity of both 1 and MOC-G1, the presence of additional proton carriers, such as DMA and ammonium cations, resulted in at least 1 order increment in the proton conductivity of the latter (1.8 × 10-2 S cm-1) than the former (1.4 × 10-3 S cm-1) under 25 °C and 98% RH condition. The values of proton conductivity of 1 and MOC-G1 are comparable with those of the best proton conduction reports in the literature. This work may pave the way for the development of proton conductors with unique architecture and conductivity requisite for the state-of-the-art technologies by selecting appropriate MOC and molecular binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Papri Sutar
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam 788010, India
| | - Tarak Nath Das
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Rohan Jena
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Dipak Dutta
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit (SSCU), and Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aninda Jiban Bhattacharyya
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit (SSCU), and Interdisciplinary Centre for Energy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maji
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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10
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Wang Z, Furukawa S. Pore-Networked Soft Materials Based on Metal-Organic Polyhedra. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:327-337. [PMID: 38205789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusThe last two decades have witnessed a tremendous development of crystalline microporous adsorbents in a wide range of applications including molecular adsorption, storage and separation, purification, as well as catalysis. The main players as porous materials that have contributed to the developments are extended molecular frameworks (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, MOFs; covalent-organic frameworks, COFs) or discrete porous molecules (e.g., metal-organic cages, MOCs; porous organic cages, POCs) thanks to the high degrees of freedom in their structural designability and tunability. To overcome the processability issue originating from their powder forms after synthesis, one main strategy is to hybridize the microporous adsorbents as pore-containing fillers with solvents or polymers as processable matrices to produce porous soft materials, such as porous liquids, gels/aerogels, and mixed-matrix membranes, depending on the form of matrix used. Nevertheless, the fabrication of "ideal" hybrid materials relies on the homogeneous distribution of the pore-containing fillers within the matrices. It is still challenging to find a versatile way to solve the aggregation issues of fillers and their insufficient interaction with the matrices, which are concerned with inhibiting the translation of the distinctive properties of microporous adsorbents into the obtained hybrid soft materials.Herein, we describe a new bottom-up approach for the fabrication of "pore-networked soft materials" based on the concept of directly interconnecting the pore-containing fillers into a continuous pore network within the matrices. The advantages of the pore-networking strategy lie in two main aspects: (i) the elimination of the need to struggle with the aggregation issue of fillers due to their overall interconnection throughout the matrices; (ii) the generation of continuous pore networks that guarantee the efficient molecular mass transfer in the materials. In this Account, we summarize our state-of-the-art progress of pore-networked soft materials based on the use of MOCs, alternatively called metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) herein, as pore units for the pore network construction. The good solubility of MOPs in organic solvents allows them to be feasibly processed in solution, wherein the coordination of MOPs with organic linkers leads to the formation of linked MOP gels featuring not only intrinsic MOP cavities but also tunable extrinsic porosities generated between linked MOPs through the control of MOP/linker structures and network connectivity. Furthermore, the matrix of the linked MOP network, here referred to as the continuous phase with respect to the entire porous MOP network, is not limited to the solvents. We anticipate that the implementation of air, liquids, and polymers as the matrices could result in different forms of pore-networked soft materials like aerogels, foams, gels, monoliths, and membranes. For instance, we demonstrate the fabrication of linked MOP aerogel and permanently porous gel with their potential applications on selective CO2 photoreduction and gas sorption, respectively. We believe that the pore-network strategies will advance the development of porous soft materials featuring unique advantages and properties beyond the current hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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11
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Fu M, Luo J, Shi B, Tu S, Wang Z, Yu C, Ma Z, Chen X, Li X. Promoting Piezocatalytic H 2 O 2 Production in Pure Water by Loading Metal-Organic Cage-Modified Gold Nanoparticles on Graphitic Carbon Nitride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316346. [PMID: 37983620 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Piezocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) production is a green synthesis method, but the rapid complexation of charge carriers in piezocatalysts and the difficulty of adsorbing substrates limit its performance. Here, metal-organic cage-coated gold nanoparticles are anchored on graphitic carbon nitride (MOC-AuNP/g-C3 N4 ) via hydrogen bond to serve as the multifunctional sites for efficient H2 O2 production. Experiments and theoretical calculations prove that MOC-AuNP/g-C3 N4 simultaneously optimize three key parts of piezocatalytic H2 O2 production: i) the MOC component enhances substrate (O2 ) and product (H2 O2 ) adsorption via host-guest interaction and hinders the rapid decomposition of H2 O2 on MOC-AuNP/g-C3 N4 , ii) the AuNP component affords a strong interfacial electric field that significantly promotes the migration of electrons from g-C3 N4 for O2 reduction reaction (ORR), iii) holes are used for H2 O oxidation reaction (WOR) to produce O2 and H+ to further promote ORR. Thus, MOC-AuNP/g-C3 N4 can be used as an efficient piezocatalyst to generate H2 O2 at rates up to 120.21 μmol g-1 h-1 in air and pure water without using sacrificial agents. This work proposes a new strategy for efficient piezocatalytic H2 O2 synthesis by constructing multiple active sites in semiconductor catalysts via hydrogen bonding, by enhancing substrate adsorption, rapid separation of electron-hole pairs and preventing rapid decomposition of H2 O2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Fu
- School of Materials Sciences and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Jinghong Luo
- School of Materials Sciences and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Bo Shi
- School of Materials Sciences and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Shuchen Tu
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Changlin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Zequn Ma
- Institute of Materials Science and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xingyuan Chen
- School of Science, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
| | - Xiangming Li
- School of Materials Sciences and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
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12
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Drożdż W, Ciesielski A, Stefankiewicz AR. Dynamic Cages-Towards Nanostructured Smart Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307552. [PMID: 37449543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The interest in capsular assemblies such as dynamic organic and coordination cages has blossomed over the last decade. Given their chemical and structural variability, these systems have found applications in diverse fields of research, including energy conversion and storage, catalysis, separation, molecular recognition, and live-cell imaging. In the exploration of the potential of these discrete architectures, they are increasingly being employed in the formation of more complex systems and smart materials. This Review highlights the most promising pathways to overcome common drawbacks of cage systems (stability, recovery) and discusses the most promising strategies for their hybridization with systems featuring various dimensionalities. Following the description of the most recent advances in the fabrication of zero to three-dimensional cage-based systems, this Review will provide the reader with the structure-dependent relationship between the employed cages and the properties of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Drożdż
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Artur Ciesielski
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Artur R Stefankiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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13
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Troyano J, Tayier F, Phattharaphuti P, Aoyama T, Urayama K, Furukawa S. Porous supramolecular gels produced by reversible self-gelation of ruthenium-based metal-organic polyhedra. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9543-9552. [PMID: 37712036 PMCID: PMC10498683 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02888g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular gels based on metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) represent a versatile platform to access processable soft materials with controlled porosity. Herein, we report a self-gelation approach that allows the reversible assembly of a novel Ru-based MOP in the form of colloidal gels. The presence of cationic mixed-valence [Ru2(COO)4]+ paddlewheel units allows for modification of the MOP charge via acid/base treatment, and therefore, its solubility. This feature enables control over supramolecular interactions, making it possible to reversibly force MOP aggregation to form nanoparticles, which further assemble to form a colloidal gel network. The gelation process was thoroughly investigated by time-resolved ζ-potential, pH, and dynamic light scattering measurements. This strategy leads to the evolution of hierarchically porous aerogel from individual MOP molecules without using any additional component. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the simplicity of this method can be exploited for the obtention of MOP-based gels through a one-pot synthetic approach starting from MOP precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Troyano
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Autonomous University of Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Autonomous University of Madrid 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Fuerkaiti Tayier
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Phitchayapha Phattharaphuti
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takuma Aoyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku 606-8501 Kyoto Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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14
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Li H, Zhang J, Xue H, Li L, Liu X, Yang L, Gu Z, Cheng Y, Li Y, Huang Q. An injectable all-small-molecule dynamic metallogel for suppressing sepsis. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1789-1794. [PMID: 36853277 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00005b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
All-small-molecule dynamic hydrogels have shown great promise in cell culture, tissue engineering, and controlled drug release. The further development of more kinds of all-small-molecule dynamic hydrogels is severely hindered by the lack of enough commensurate building blocks from nature and on the market. Inspired by the widely developed metal-organic framework structures, herein we report a facile fabrication of metallogels by direct gelation of small molecular compounds including aminoglycosides (AGs), 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxaldehyde (BIPY), and metal ions via coordination interactions and Schiff base reactions. These prepared metallogels exhibited good biodegradability and biosafety, excellent conductivity, tunable mechanical properties and potent antibacterial activities both in vitro and in vivo. This study provides a new strategy for expanding the scope of all-small-molecule dynamic metallogels for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Hongrui Xue
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Xun Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Quan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, the Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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15
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Küng R, Germann A, Krüsmann M, Niggemann LP, Meisner J, Karg M, Göstl R, Schmidt BM. Mechanoresponsive Metal-Organic Cage-Crosslinked Polymer Hydrogels. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300079. [PMID: 36715238 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We report the formation of metal-organic cage-crosslinked polymer hydrogels. To enable crosslinking of the cages and subsequent network formation, we used homodifunctionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains terminally substituted with bipyridines as ligands for the Pd6 L4 corners. The encapsulation of guest molecules into supramolecular self-assembled metal-organic cage-crosslinked hydrogels, as well as ultrasound-induced disassembly of the cages with release of their cargo, is presented in addition to their characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, rheology, and comprehensive small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments. The constrained geometries simulating external force (CoGEF) method and barriers using a force-modified potential energy surface (FMPES) suggest that the cage-opening mechanism starts with the dissociation of one pyridine ligand at around 0.5 nN. We show the efficient sonochemical activation of the hydrogels HG3 -6 , increasing the non-covalent guest-loading of completely unmodified drugs available for release by a factor of ten in comparison to non-crosslinked, star-shaped assemblies in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Küng
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anne Germann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Krüsmann
- Institute for Physical Chemistry I: Colloids and Nanooptics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Louisa P Niggemann
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan Meisner
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institute for Physical Chemistry I: Colloids and Nanooptics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd M Schmidt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Schwab JH, Bailey JB, Gembicky M, Stauber JM. Programmable synthesis of well-defined, glycosylated iron(ii) supramolecular assemblies with multivalent protein-binding capabilities. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1018-1026. [PMID: 36755719 PMCID: PMC9890585 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05689e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivalency plays a key role in achieving strong, yet reversible interactions in nature, and provides critical chemical organization in biological recognition processes. Chemists have taken an interest in designing multivalent synthetic assemblies to both better understand the underlying principles governing these interactions, and to build chemical tools that either enhance or prevent such recognition events from occurring in biology. Rationally tailoring synthetic strategies to achieve the high level of chemical control and tunability required to mimic these interactions, however, is challenging. Here, we introduce a systematic and modular synthetic approach to the design of well-defined molecular multivalent protein-binding constructs that allows for control over size, morphology, and valency. A series of supramolecular mono-, bi-, and tetrametallic Fe(ii) complexes featuring a precise display of peripheral saccharides was prepared through coordination-driven self-assembly from simple building blocks. The molecular assemblies are fully characterized, and we present the structural determination of one complex in the series. The mannose and maltose-appended assemblies display strong multivalent binding to model lectin, Concanavalin A (K d values in μM), where the strength of the binding is a direct consequence of the number of saccharide units decorating the molecular periphery. This versatile synthetic strategy provides chemical control while offering an easily accessible approach to examine important design principles governing structure-function relationships germane to biological recognition and binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake H. Schwab
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California9500 Gilman Dr, La JollaSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Jake B. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California9500 Gilman Dr, La JollaSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla San Diego CA USA
| | - Julia M. Stauber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California9500 Gilman Dr, La JollaSan DiegoCAUSA
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17
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Sullivan MG, Sokolow GE, Jensen ET, Crawley MR, MacMillan SN, Cook TR. Altering the solubility of metal-organic polyhedra via pendant functionalization of Cp 3Zr 3O(OH) 3 nodes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:338-346. [PMID: 36510835 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03401h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of zirconium-based metal-organic polyhedra (ZrMOPs) is often limited by their poor solubilities. Despite their attractive features-including high yielding and facile syntheses, predictable topologies, high stability, and tunability-problematic solubilities have caused ZrMOPs to be under-studied and under-applied. Although these cages have been synthesized with a wide variety of carboxylate-based bridging ligands, we explored a new method for ZrMOP functionalization via node-modification, which we hypothesized could influence solubility. Herein, we report ZrMOPs with benzyl-, vinylbenzyl-, and trifluoromethylbenzyl-pendant groups decorating cyclopentadienyl moieties. The series was characterized by 1H/19F NMR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The effects of node functionalities on ZrMOP solubility were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Substitution caused a decrease in water solubility, but for certain organic solvents, e.g. DMF, solubility could be enhanced by ∼20×, from 16 μM for the unfunctionalized cage to 310 μM for the vinylbenzyl- and trifluoromethylbenzyl-cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan G Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Gregory E Sokolow
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Eric T Jensen
- Chemistry Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Matthew R Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Timothy R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA.
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18
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Li Z, Chen M, Chen Z, Zhu YL, Guo C, Wang H, Qin Y, Fang F, Wang D, Su C, He C, Yu X, Lu ZY, Li X. Non-equilibrium Nanoassemblies Constructed by Confined Coordination on a Polymer Chain. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22651-22661. [PMID: 36411055 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biological systems employ non-equilibrium self-assembly to create ordered nanoarchitectures with sophisticated functions. However, it is challenging to construct artificial non-equilibrium nanoassemblies due to lack of control over assembly dynamics and kinetics. Herein, we design a series of linear polymers with different side groups for further coordination-driven self-assembly based on shape-complementarity. Such a design introduces a main-chain confinement which effectively slows down the assembly process of side groups, thus allowing us to monitor the real-time evolution of lychee-like nanostructures. The function related to the non-equilibrium nature is further explored by performing photothermal conversion study. The ability to observe and capture non-equilibrium states in this supramolecular system will enhance our understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic features as well as functions of living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - You-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Chenliang Su
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China.,Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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19
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Zhang YT, Zhu J, Liu ZY, Li SB, Huang H, Jiang BX. Microwave-assisted synthesis of Zr-based metal-organic polyhedron: Serving as efficient visible-light photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Liu J, Li J, Qiao S, Wang Z, Zhang P, Fan X, Cheng P, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Self‐Healing and Shape Memory Hypercrosslinked Metal‐Organic Polyhedra Polymers via Coordination Post‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212253. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jiamin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shan Qiao
- College of Pharmacy Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiangqian Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced Materials Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Peng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yue‐Sheng Li
- Tianjin Key Lab Composite & Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- College of Pharmacy Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- College of Pharmacy Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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21
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Gao K, Feng Q, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Hou Y, Mu C, Li X, Zhang M. Emissive Metallacage‐Cored Polyurethanes with Self‐Healing and Shape Memory Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209958. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qian Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Ruoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Yali Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Mu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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22
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Liu J, Li J, Qiao S, Wang Z, Zhang P, Fan X, Cheng P, Li YS, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Self‐Healing and Shape Memory Hypercrosslinked Metal‐Organic Polyhedra Polymers via Coordination Post‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Liu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jiamin Li
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Shan Qiao
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | | | - Peng Cheng
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Yao Chen
- Nankai University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- Nankai University Chemistry Weijin Road 94# 300071 Tianjin CHINA
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23
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Xiao H, Wang H, Zhang M, Chen J, Lai Y, Yang J, Yin JF, Yin P. Controllable gelation of coordination nanocages from the physical interactions among surface grafted cholesteryl groups. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:6264-6269. [PMID: 35959721 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00766e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coordination nanocage (CNC) incorporated gels have attracted enormous attention for the effective integration of micro-porosity, mechanical flexibility and processability; however, the understanding of their microscopic structure-property relationships remains unclear. Herein, CNCs with 24 surface grafted cholesterol groups are constructed precisely and their gelation can be manipulated upon the tunning of solvent polarities. Optically homogeneous organogels can be formed by introducing a certain amount of bad solvents into the solutions of hairy CNCs and the gelation can be reversed through temperature variation. Suggested from scattering and molecular dynamics studies, the solvophobic interaction-driven aggregation of cholesterol units contributes to the physical crosslinking of CNCs and finally the gelation of CNC solutions. The mechanical strength of the obtained gels is observed to be highly dependent on the flexibility of the organic linkers that bond the cholesterol units on the CNC surface. The effective interaction and dense packing of the cholesterol units in their aggregates highly rely on the degree of freedom of the cholesterol, which is controlled by the flexibility of the organic linkers that bond them on the CNC surface. The observed viscoelastic performance accompanied by the well-controlled mechanical strength of the organogels unambiguously demonstrates the potential for exploiting the synergistic physical correlations to fabricate novel functional materials from CNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xiao
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jiadong Chen
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yuyan Lai
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Junsheng Yang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jia-Fu Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Panchao Yin
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology & State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Neutron Scattering Science and Technology, Zhongziyuan Road, Dalang, Dongguan, 523803, China
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24
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Gao K, Feng Q, Zhang Z, Zhang R, Hou Y, Mu C, Li X, Zhang M. Emissive Metallacage‐Cored Polyurethanes with Self‐Healing and Shape Memory Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Qian Feng
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Zeyuan Zhang
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Ruoqian Zhang
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Yali Hou
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Chaoqun Mu
- Xian Jiaotong University: Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, School of Materials Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Shenzhen University College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering CHINA
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong Univeristy School of Material and Science No. 28 Xianning West Road 710049 Xi'an CHINA
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25
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Sartaliya S, Mahajan R, Sharma R, Dar AH, Jayamurugan G. New Water-Soluble Magnetic Field-Induced Drug Delivery System Obtained Via Preferential Molecular Marriage over Narcissistic Self-Sorting. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8999-9009. [PMID: 35829621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials that respond to stimuli are of considerable interest for drug delivery applications. Drug delivery has been a leading challenge when it comes to the externally triggered controlled release of hydrophobic drugs. The present paper describes a unique arrangement of polymers in a competitive environment derived from the dynamic self-sorting behavior of the hydrophobic chains of amphiphilic mPEG-PLLA and poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)-coated iron oxide nanoparticles IONP@PLLA to achieve a core-shell structure in which the hydrophobic PLLA part acts as a dense core and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as an uncrowded shell. By using irreversible covalent interactions created by hydrophobic polymer-functionalized IONPs, it was possible to selectively form socially self-sorted nanocarriers (SS-NCs) with a higher hydrophobic core than the hydrophilic shell over narcissistic self-sorted nanocarriers (NS-NCs), that is, homo-micelles of amphiphilic polymers. The higher hydrophobic core of SS-NCs is indeed helpful in achieving higher drug [doxorubicin (DOX)] loading and encapsulation efficiencies of around 17 and 90%, respectively, over 10.3 and 65.6% for NS-NCs. Furthermore, due to the presence of IONPs and the densely packed hydrophobic compartments, the controlled release of DOX was facilitated by direct magnetism and temperature stimulation when an alternating magnetic field (AMF) was applied. An appreciably higher rate of drug release (∼50%) than that without AMF (∼18%) was achieved under ambient conditions in 24 h. The present study, therefore, proposes a new drug delivery system that exceeds homo-micelles and adds an extra feature of manipulating drug release through magnetism and temperature, that is, hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Sartaliya
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli P.O., Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ritu Mahajan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli P.O., Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Raina Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli P.O., Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Arif Hassan Dar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli P.O., Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Govindasamy Jayamurugan
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Manauli P.O., Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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26
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Wang L, Geng Z, Ho YYL, Zhou J, Judge N, Li Y, Wang W, Liu J, Wang Y. Block Co-PolyMOC Micelles and Structural Synergy as Composite Nanocarriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:30546-30556. [PMID: 35748507 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Conventional micelles of amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) disassemble into individual polymer chains upon dilution to a critical concentration, which causes the premature release of the encapsulated drugs and reduces the drug's bioavailability. Here, by integrating the emerging metal-organic cage (MOC) materials with BCPs, we introduce a new type of composite micellar nanoparticles, block co-polyMOC micelles (or BCPMMs), that are self-assembled in essence yet remarkably stable against dilution. BCPMMs are fabricated via a stepwise assembly strategy that combines MOCs and BCPs in a well-defined, unimolecular core-shell structure. The synergistical interplay between the two components accounts for the particle stability: the MOC core holds BCPs firmly in place and the BCPs increase the MOC's bioavailability. When used as nanocarriers for anticancer drugs, BCPMMs showed an extended blood circulation, a favorable biodistribution, and eventually an improved treatment efficacy in vivo. Given the versatility in designing MOCs and BCPs, we envision that BCPMMs can serve as a modular platform for robust, multifunctional, and tunable nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhongmin Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yannis Y L Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jiayu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Nicola Judge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Nanomedicine, Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering and Nanomedicine, Dr. Li Dak-Sum Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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27
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Brown CM, Lundberg DJ, Lamb JR, Kevlishvili I, Kleinschmidt D, Alfaraj YS, Kulik HJ, Ottaviani MF, Oldenhuis NJ, Johnson JA. Endohedrally Functionalized Metal-Organic Cage-Cross-Linked Polymer Gels as Modular Heterogeneous Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13276-13284. [PMID: 35819842 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of homogeneous catalysts onto supports to improve recyclability while maintaining catalytic efficiency is often a trial-and-error process limited by poor control of the local catalyst environment and few strategies to append catalysts to support materials. Here, we introduce a modular heterogenous catalysis platform that addresses these challenges. Our approach leverages the well-defined interiors of self-assembled Pd12L24 metal-organic cages/polyhedra (MOCs): simple mixing of a catalyst-ligand of choice with a polymeric ligand, spacer ligands, and a Pd salt induces self-assembly of Pd12L24-cross-linked polymer gels featuring endohedrally catalyst-functionalized junctions. Semi-empirical calculations show that catalyst incorporation into the MOC junctions of these materials has minimal affect on the MOC geometry, giving rise to well-defined nanoconfined catalyst domains as confirmed experimentally using several techniques. Given the unique network topology of these freestanding gels, they are mechanically robust regardless of their endohedral catalyst composition, allowing them to be physically manipulated and transferred from one reaction to another to achieve multiple rounds of catalysis. Moreover, by decoupling the catalyst environment (interior of MOC junctions) from the physical properties of the support (the polymer matrix), this strategy enables catalysis in environments where homogeneous catalyst analogues are not viable, as demonstrated for the Au(I)-catalyzed cyclization of 4-pentynoic acid in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David J Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica R Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Denise Kleinschmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yasmeen S Alfaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Heather J Kulik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Nathan J Oldenhuis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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28
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Gao Y, Zhao J, Huang Z, Ronson TK, Zhao F, Wang Y, Li B, Feng C, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Yang D, Yang X, Wu B. Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Adhesive and Conductive Gels with Anion‐Coordinated Triple Helicate Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201793. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Chenlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yongliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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29
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Wang Z, Aoyama T, Sánchez-González E, Inose T, Urayama K, Furukawa S. Control of Extrinsic Porosities in Linked Metal-Organic Polyhedra Gels by Imparting Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly with Electrostatic Repulsion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:23660-23668. [PMID: 35544704 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The linkage of metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) to synthesize porous soft materials is one of the promising strategies to combine processability with permanent porosity. Compared to the defined internal cavity of MOPs, it is still difficult to control the extrinsic porosities generated between crosslinked MOPs because of their random arrangements in the networks. Herein, we report a method to form linked MOP gels with controllable extrinsic porosities by introducing negative charges on the surface of MOPs that facilitates electrostatic repulsion between them. A hydrophilic rhodium-based cuboctahedral MOP (OHRhMOP) with 24 hydroxyl groups on its outer periphery can be controllably deprotonated to impart the MOP with tunable electrostatic repulsion in solution. This electrostatic repulsion between MOPs stabilizes the kinetically trapped state, in which an MOP is coordinated with various bisimidazole linkers in a monodentate fashion at a controllable linker/MOP ratio. Heating of the kinetically trapped molecules leads to the formation of gels with similar colloidal networks but different extrinsic porosities. This strategy allows us to design the molecular-level networks and the resulting porosities even in the amorphous state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takuma Aoyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Elí Sánchez-González
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tomoko Inose
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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30
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Shi B, Qin P, Chai Y, Qu WJ, Shangguan L, Lin Q, Zhang YM, Sun Y, Huang F, Stang PJ. An Organoplatinum(II) Metallacycle-Based Supramolecular Amphiphile and Its Application in Enzyme-Responsive Controlled Release. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:8090-8095. [PMID: 35542969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-responsive nanomaterials are emerging as important candidates for bioanalytical and biomedical applications due to their good biocompatibilities and sensitivities. However, the lack of promising operation platforms compatible with enzyme responsiveness greatly limits the scope and functionality of smart materials. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a naphthalene-functionalized organoplatinum(II) metallacycle 1 by means of coordination-driven self-assembly, which is subsequently exploited as the organometallic platform to enable enzyme-responsive supramolecular materials. Specifically, a [2 + 2] self-assembled metallacycle 1 first self-assembles into nanosheets in aqueous solution, which can further transform into vesicles with the introduction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) because of the formation of a bola-type supramolecular amphiphile β-CD-1. Interestingly, these vesicles show rare α-amylase responsiveness, as demonstrated by structurally transforming back into nanosheets after the addition of α-amylase to their solutions due to the enzyme-induced degradation of cyclodextrins. We also demonstrate the potential application of the self-assembled vesicles in amylase-responsive controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Peng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Chai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Liqing Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - You-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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31
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Gao Y, Zhao J, Huang Z, Ronson TK, Zhao F, Wang Y, Li B, Feng C, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Yang D, Yang X, Wu B. Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Adhesive and Conductive Gels with Anion‐Coordinated Triple Helicate Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Chenlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yongliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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32
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Liu J, Wang Z, Cheng P, Zaworotko MJ, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Post-synthetic modifications of metal–organic cages. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:339-356. [PMID: 37117929 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are discrete, supramolecular entities that consist of metal nodes and organic linkers, which can offer solution processability and high porosity. Thereby, their predesigned structures can undergo post-synthetic modifications (PSMs) to introduce new functional groups and properties by modifying the linker, metal node, pore or surface environment. This Review explores current PSM strategies used for MOCs, including covalent, coordination and noncovalent methods. The effects of newly introduced functional groups or generated complexes upon the PSMs of MOCs are also detailed, such as improving structural stability or endowing desired functionalities. The development of the aforementioned design principles has enabled systematic approaches for the development and characterization of families of MOCs and, thereby, provides insight into structure-function relationships that will guide future developments.
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33
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Yu C, Yang P, Zhu X, Wang Y. Planet-satellite cage hybrids: covalent organic cages encircling metal organic cage. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Zhang Z, Zhao J, Guo Z, Zhang H, Pan H, Wu Q, You W, Yu W, Yan X. Mechanically interlocked networks cross-linked by a molecular necklace. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1393. [PMID: 35296669 PMCID: PMC8927564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular necklaces have attracted much research attention due to their unique topological structures. Although numerous molecular necklaces with exquisite structures have been constructed, it remains a major challenge to exploit the functions and applications associated with their fascinating architectural and dynamic characteristics. Herein, we report a class of mechanically interlocked networks (MINs) cross-linked by a molecular necklace, in which multiple crown ethers are threaded on a hexagonal metallacyclic framework to furnish a cross-linker with delicate interlocked structures. The molecular necklace cross-linker possesses multiple peculiar advantages: multivalent interactions and rigid metallacycle framework guarantee robust features of MINs while the motion and dissociation of the interlocked structures bring in notable mechanical adaptivity. Moreover, the MINs could respond to the stimuli of K+ and Br−, which lead to the dethreading of crown ether and even the complete decomposition of molecular necklace, respectively, showing abundant active properties. These findings demonstrate the untapped potential of molecular necklaces as cross-linkers and open the door to extend their advanced applications in intelligent supramolecular materials. Constructing cross-linked networks with different topologies is attractive but challenging. Here the authors present mechanically interlocked networks cross-linked by a molecular necklace whose peculiar architectural and dynamic features endow the materials with robust yet mechanically adaptive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zhewen Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hui Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei You
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
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35
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Wychowaniec JK, Saini H, Scheibe B, Dubal DP, Schneemann A, Jayaramulu K. Hierarchical porous metal–organic gels and derived materials: from fundamentals to potential applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9068-9126. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00585a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent progress in the development and applications of metal–organic gels (MOGs) and their hybrids and derivatives dividing them into subclasses and discussing their synthesis, design and structure–property relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek K. Wychowaniec
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Haneesh Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Nagrota Bypass Road, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India
| | - Błażej Scheibe
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, NanoBioMedical Centre, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, PL61614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Deepak P. Dubal
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Andreas Schneemann
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01067 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kolleboyina Jayaramulu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Nagrota Bypass Road, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India
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36
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Liu ZY, Tong RM, Chen X, Zhang YT. Amino-functionalized zr-based metal-organic tetrahedron for adsorptive removal of sulfonamide antibiotic in aqueous phase. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Schneider ML, Campbell JA, Slattery AD, Bloch WM. Polymer networks of imine-crosslinked metal–organic cages: tuneable viscoelasticity and iodine adsorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12122-12125. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04969d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The solution-state structure of MOP-15 is elucidated, enabling its direct use as a porous monomer for covalent polymer networks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan A. Campbell
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5035, Australia
| | - Ashley D. Slattery
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Witold M. Bloch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5035, Australia
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38
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Unveiling the boosting of metal organic cage leaching substance on the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:1035-1042. [PMID: 34872723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Catalysts often undergo changes during the process of catalytic reactions, which makes the whole catalytic reaction system complicated and brings about much difficulty for the exploration of catalytic mechanism. Herein, we report that an octahedral metal organic cage (MOC) with stress was directionally transformed into two-dimensional nanoarrays maintaining the structure of precursor and new soluble low-nuclear complexes during the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The in-situ generated miscible electrocatalyst exhibits an overpotential as low as 197 mV at 10 mA cm-2, with a high electrochemical stability up to 5 h. Notably, the miscible catalyst can be used as bifunctional electrocatalyst for OER and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and exhibits an ultra-low overpotential of 293 mV, even achieve overall water splitting under the voltage provided by a 1.5 V AA battery. As revealed by density functional theory simulations, the position of SO42- in MOC heterogeneous catalyst is regulated by the soluble low-nuclear complexes to reduce the activation energy of the reaction, leading to an optimization of the OER activity for the reaction system. This work provides a new strategy for the rational design of high-efficiency electrocatalytic system.
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39
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Ollerton K, Greenaway RL, Slater AG. Enabling Technology for Supramolecular Chemistry. Front Chem 2021; 9:774987. [PMID: 34869224 PMCID: PMC8634592 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.774987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular materials-materials that exploit non-covalent interactions-are increasing in structural complexity, selectivity, function, stability, and scalability, but their use in applications has been comparatively limited. In this Minireview, we summarize the opportunities presented by enabling technology-flow chemistry, high-throughput screening, and automation-to wield greater control over the processes in supramolecular chemistry and accelerate the discovery and use of self-assembled systems. Finally, we give an outlook for how these tools could transform the future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ollerton
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L. Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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40
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Wang Z, Villa Santos C, Legrand A, Haase F, Hara Y, Kanamori K, Aoyama T, Urayama K, Doherty CM, Smales GJ, Pauw BR, Colón YJ, Furukawa S. Multiscale structural control of linked metal-organic polyhedra gel by aging-induced linkage-reorganization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12556-12563. [PMID: 34703541 PMCID: PMC8494050 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02883a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Assembly of permanently porous metal-organic polyhedra/cages (MOPs) with bifunctional linkers leads to soft supramolecular networks featuring both porosity and processability. However, the amorphous nature of such soft materials complicates their characterization and thus limits rational structural control. Here we demonstrate that aging is an effective strategy to control the hierarchical network of supramolecular gels, which are assembled from organic ligands as linkers and MOPs as junctions. Normally, the initial gel formation by rapid gelation leads to a kinetically trapped structure with low controllability. Through a controlled post-synthetic aging process, we show that it is possible to tune the network of the linked MOP gel over multiple length scales. This process allows control on the molecular-scale rearrangement of interlinking MOPs, mesoscale fusion of colloidal particles and macroscale densification of the whole colloidal network. In this work we elucidate the relationships between the gel properties, such as porosity and rheology, and their hierarchical structures, which suggest that porosity measurement of the dried gels can be used as a powerful tool to characterize the microscale structural transition of their corresponding gels. This aging strategy can be applied in other supramolecular polymer systems particularly containing kinetically controlled structures and shows an opportunity to engineer the structure and the permanent porosity of amorphous materials for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Christian Villa Santos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Frederik Haase
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yosuke Hara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kanamori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takuma Aoyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Cara M Doherty
- Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Clayton South Victoria Australia
| | - Glen J Smales
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Brian R Pauw
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) Unter den Eichen 87 12205 Berlin Germany
| | - Yamil J Colón
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University Yoshida, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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41
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Brady KG, Liu B, Li X, Isaacs L. Self Assembled Cages with Mechanically Interlocked Cucurbiturils. Supramol Chem 2021; 33:8-32. [PMID: 34366642 DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1908546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We report preparation of (bis)aniline ligand 4 which contains a central viologen binding domain and its subcomponent self-assembly with aldehyde 5 and Fe(OTf)2 in CH3CN to yield tetrahedral assembly 6. Complexation of ligand 4 with CB[7] in the form of CB[7]•4•2PF6 allows the preparation of assembly 7 which contains an average of 1.95 (range 1-3) mechanically interlocked CB[7] units. Assemblies 6 and 7 are hydrolytically unstable in water due to their imine linkages. Redesign of our system with water stable 2,2'-bipyridine end groups was realized in the form of ligands 11 and 16 which also contain a central viologen binding domain. Self-assembly of 11 with Fe(NTf2)2 gave tetrahedral MOP 12 as evidenced by 1H NMR, DOSY, and mass spectrometric analysis. In contrast, isomeric ligand 16 underwent self-assembly with Fe(OTf)2 to give cubic assembly 17. Precomplexation of ligands 11 and 16 with CB[7] gave the acetonitrile soluble CB[7]•11•2PF6 and CB[7]•16•2PF6 complexes. Self-assembly of CB[7]•11•2PF6 with Fe(OTf)2 gave tetrahedron 13 which contains on average 1.8 mechanically interlocked CB[7] units as determined by 1H NMR, DOSY, and ESI-MS analysis. Self-assembly of CB[7]•16•2PF6 with Fe(OTf)2 gave cube 13 which contains 6.59 mechanically interlocked CB[7] units as determined by 1H NMR and DOSY measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly G Brady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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42
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Jin F, Liu J, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Tethering Flexible Polymers to Crystalline Porous Materials: A Win–Win Hybridization Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fazheng Jin
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jinjin Liu
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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43
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Do M, Rogers D, Kaminsky W, Xiao DJ. Robust Synthetic Route toward Anisotropic Metal-Organic Cages with Tunable Surface Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7602-7606. [PMID: 33973769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages with well-defined interior cavities and tunable surface chemistry serve as attractive building blocks for new types of soft nanoporous materials. While a compositionally diverse repertoire of metal-organic cages exists, the vast majority feature highly symmetric cores. Here, we report a robust, generalizable synthetic route toward anisotropic copper paddlewheel-based cages with tunable pendant amide groups. An isostructural family with increasingly hydrophobic surface properties has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, gas sorption analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR digestion experiments. The metal-organic cages reported here may enable a deeper study of how anisotropy influences the long-range structure and emergent function of soft nanoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dylan Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Dianne J Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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44
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Zhu Y, Zheng W, Wang W, Yang HB. When polymerization meets coordination-driven self-assembly: metallo-supramolecular polymers based on supramolecular coordination complexes. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7395-7417. [PMID: 34018496 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00654h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polymers have greatly changed and are still changing the way we live ever since, and the construction of novel polymers as functional materials remains an attractive topic in polymer science and related areas. During the past few years, the marriage of discrete supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs), including two-dimensional (2D) metallacycles and three-dimensional (3D) metallacages, and polymers gave rise to two novel types of metallo-supramolecular polymers, i.e., metallacycle/metallacage-cored star polymers (MSPs) and metallacycle/metallacage-crosslinked polymer networks (MPNs), which has attracted increasing attention and emerged as an exciting new research direction in polymer chemistry. Attributed to their well-defined and diverse topological architectures as well as the unique dynamic features of metallacycles/metallacages as cores or crosslinks, these novel polymers have shown extensive applications. In this review, aiming at providing a practical guide to this emerging area, the introduction of synthetic strategies towards MSPs and MPNs will be presented. In addition, their wide applications in areas such as functional materials, molecular sieving, drug delivery, bacterial killing and bioimaging are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200262, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200262, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200262, China.
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200262, China.
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45
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Liu C, Zhang Y, An Q. Functional Material Systems Based on Soft Cages. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1198-1215. [PMID: 33742742 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Discrete molecular soft cages integrate multiple functionalities in one molecule. They express their functions from the confined space in their cavity, functional groups in the cavity interior wall and exterior wall, and the chelating nodes in many chelating cages. Such functional integrity render cage molecules special applications in material engineering. Increasing applications of cage molecules in material design have been reported in recent years. Compared with other cavity-rich molecular structures such as metal-organic framework (MOF) or covalent organic frameworks (COF), discrete soft cages present the unique advantage of material design flexibility, that they can easily composite with nanoparticles or polymers and exist in materials of various forms. We document the development of cage-based materials in recent years and expect to further inspire materials engineering to integrate contribution from the functionality specificity of cage molecules and ultimately promote the development of functional materials and thus human life qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yihe Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qi An
- School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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46
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Wang Z, Craig GA, Legrand A, Haase F, Minami S, Urayama K, Furukawa S. Porous Colloidal Hydrogels Formed by Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Charged Metal-Organic Polyhedra. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1092-1100. [PMID: 33660942 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of porosity into supramolecular gels endows soft materials with functionalities for molecular encapsulation, release, separation and conversion. Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), discrete coordination cages containing an internal cavity, have recently been employed as building blocks to construct polymeric gel networks with potential porosity. However, most of the materials can only be synthesized in organic solvents, and the examples of porous, MOP-based hydrogels are scarce. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of porous hydrogels based on [Rh2 (OH-bdc)2 ]12 , a rhodium-based MOP containing hydroxyl groups on its periphery (OH-bdc=5-hydroxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate). By simply deprotonating [Rh2 (OH-bdc)2 ]12 with the base NaOH, the supramolecular polymerization between MOPs and organic linkers can be induced in the aqueous solution, leading to the kinetically controllable formation of hydrogels with hierarchical colloidal networks. When heating the deprotonated MOP, Nax [Rh24 (O-bdc)x (OH-bdc)24-x ], to induce gelation, the MOP was found to partially decompose, affecting the mechanical property of the resulting gels. By applying a post-synthetic deprotonation strategy, we show that the deprotonation degree of the MOP can be altered after the gel formation without serious decomposition of the MOPs. Gas sorption measurements confirmed the permanent porosity of the corresponding aerogels obtained from these MOP-based hydrogels, showing potentials for applications in gas sorption and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaoming Wang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Gavin A Craig
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Alexandre Legrand
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Frederik Haase
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Saori Minami
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Furukawa
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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47
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Solvent-directed assembly of Zr-based metal-organic cages for dye adsorption from aqueous solution. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.121998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Li RJ, Pezzato C, Berton C, Severin K. Light-induced assembly and disassembly of polymers with Pd n L 2n -type network junctions. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4981-4984. [PMID: 34163745 PMCID: PMC8179541 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00127b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers containing Pd n L2n complexes as network junctions were obtained by reaction of poly(ethylene glycol)-linked N-donor ligands with Pd2+. The addition of a metastable state photoacid renders the networks light sensitive, and gel-sol transitions can be achieved by irradiation with light. The inverse process, a light-induced sol-gel transition, was realized by using a molecularly defined Pd complex as an acid-sensitive reservoir for Pd2+. Upon irradiation, Pd2+ ions are released, allowing the formation of an acid-resistant polymer network. Both the gel-sol and the sol-gel transitions are reversed in the dark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Jin Li
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cristian Pezzato
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Cesare Berton
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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Jin F, Liu J, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Tethering Flexible Polymers to Crystalline Porous Materials: A Win–Win Hybridization Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14222-14235. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fazheng Jin
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jinjin Liu
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- Renewable energy conversion and storage center College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical biology Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry Ministry of Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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Zhang D, Ronson TK, Zou YQ, Nitschke JR. Metal–organic cages for molecular separations. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:168-182. [PMID: 37117530 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00246-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Separation technology is central to industries as diverse as petroleum, pharmaceuticals, mining and life sciences. Metal-organic cages, a class of molecular containers formed via coordination-driven self-assembly, show great promise as separation agents. Precise control of the shape, size and functionalization of cage cavities enables them to selectively bind and distinguish a wide scope of physicochemically similar substances in solution. Extensive research has, thus, been performed involving separations of high-value targets using coordination cages, ranging from gases and liquids to compounds dissolved in solution. Enantiopure capsules also show great potential for the separation of chiral molecules. The use of crystalline cages as absorbents, or the incorporation of cages into polymer membranes, could increase the selectivity and efficiency of separation processes. This Review covers recent progress in using metal-organic cages to achieve separations, with discussion of the many methods of using them in this context. Challenges and potential future developments are also discussed.
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