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Sarkar A, Das S, Mondal P, Maiti B, Sen Gupta S. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of High-Valent Carbene Dicarboxamide-Based Nickel Pincer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 38001041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
High-valent metal-fluoride complexes are currently being explored for concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) reactions, the driving force being the high bond dissociation energy of H-F (BDEH-F = 135 kcal/mol) that is formed after the reaction. Ni(III)-fluoride-based complexes on the pyridine dicarboxamide pincer ligand framework have been utilized for CPET reactions toward phenols and hydrocarbons. We have replaced the central pyridine ligand with an N-heterocyclic carbene carbene to probe its effect in both stabilizing the high-valent Ni(III) state and its ability to initiate CPET reactions. We report a monomeric carbene-diamide-based Ni(II)-fluoride pincer complex that was characterized through 1H/19F NMR, mass spectrometry, UV-vis, and X-ray crystallography analysis. Although carbenes and deprotonated carboxamides in the Ni(II)-fluoride complex are expected to stabilize the Ni(III) state upon oxidation, the Ni(III)/Ni(II) redox process occurred at very high potential (0.87 V vs Fc+/Fc, dichloromethane) and was irreversible. Structural studies indicate significant distortion in the imidazolium "NCN" carbene plane of Ni(II)-fluoride caused by the formation of six-membered metallacycles. The high-valent NiIII-fluoride analogue was synthesized by the addition of 1.0 equiv CTAN (ceric tetrabutylammonium nitrate) in dichloromethane at -20 °C which was characterized by UV-vis, mass spectrometry, and EPR spectroscopy. Density functional theory studies indicate that the Ni-carbene bond elongated, while the Ni-F bond shortened upon oxidation to the Ni(III) species. The high-valent Ni(III)-fluoride was found to react with the substituted phenols. Analysis of the KIE and linear free energy relationship correlates well with the CPET nature of the reaction. Preliminary analysis indicates that the CPET is asynchronous and is primarily driven by the E0' of the Ni(III)-fluoride complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Soumadip Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati (IIT Tirupati), Tirupati, AP 517619, India
| | - Biswajit Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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Thangavadivale VG, Tendera L, Bertermann R, Radius U, Beweries T, Perutz RN. Solution and solid-state studies of hydrogen and halogen bonding with N-heterocyclic carbene supported nickel(II) fluoride complexes. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:62-76. [PMID: 37097153 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00171c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nickel fluoride complexes of the type [Ni(F)(L)2(ArF)] (L = phosphine, ArF = fluorinated arene) are well-known to form strong halogen and hydrogen bonds in solution and in the solid state. A comprehensive study of such non-covalent interactions using bis(carbene) complexes as acceptors and suitable halogen and hydrogen bond donors is presented. In solution, the complex [Ni(F)(iPr2Im)2(C6F5)] forms halogen and hydrogen bonds with iodopentafluorobenzene and indole, respectively, which have formation constants (K300) an order of magnitude greater than those of structurally related phosphine supported nickel fluorides. Co-crystallisation of this complex and its backbone-methylated analogue [Ni(F)(iPr2Me2Im)2(C6F5)] with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene produces halogen bonding adducts which were characterised by X-ray analysis and 19F MAS solid state NMR analysis. Differences in the chemical shifts between the nickel fluoride and its halogen bonding adduct are well in line with data that were obtained from titration studies in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Tendera
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Bertermann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Robin N Perutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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Castro AC, Cascella M, Perutz RN, Raynaud C, Eisenstein O. Solid-State 19F NMR Chemical Shift in Square-Planar Nickel-Fluoride Complexes Linked by Halogen Bonds. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4835-4846. [PMID: 36920236 PMCID: PMC10052355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The halogen bond (XB) is a highly directional class of noncovalent interactions widely explored by experimental and computational studies. However, the NMR signature of the XB has attracted limited attention. The prediction and analysis of the solid-state NMR (SSNMR) chemical shift tensor provide useful strategies to better understand XB interactions. In this work, we employ a computational protocol for modeling and analyzing the 19F SSNMR chemical shifts previously measured in a family of square-planar trans NiII-L2-iodoaryl-fluoride (L = PEt3) complexes capable of forming self-complementary networks held by a NiF···I(C) halogen bond [Thangavadivale, V.; Chem. Sci. 2018, 9, 3767-3781]. To understand how the 19F NMR resonances of the nickel-bonded fluoride are affected by the XB, we investigate the origin of the shielding in trans-[NiF(2,3,5,6-C6F4I)(PEt3)2], trans-[NiF(2,3,4,5-C6F4I)(PEt3)2], and trans-[NiF(C6F5)(PEt3)2] in the solid state, where a XB is present in the two former systems but not in the last. We perform the 19F NMR chemical shift calculations both in periodic and molecular models. The results show that the crystal packing has little influence on the NMR signatures of the XB, and the NMR can be modeled successfully with a pair of molecules interacting via the XB. Thus, the observed difference in chemical shift between solid-state and solution NMR can be essentially attributed to the XB interaction. The very high shielding of the fluoride and its driving contributor, the most shielded component of the chemical shift tensor, are well reproduced at the 2c-ZORA level. Analysis of the factors controlling the shielding shows how the highest occupied Ni/F orbitals shield the fluoride in the directions perpendicular to the Ni-F bond and specifically perpendicular to the coordination plane. This shielding arises from the magnetic coupling of the Ni(3d)/F(2p lone pair) orbitals with the vacant σNi-F* orbital, thereby rationalizing the very highly upfield (shielded) resonance of the component (δ33) along this direction. We show that these features are characteristic of square-planar nickel-fluoride complexes. The deshielding of the fluoride in the halogen-bonded systems is attributed to an increase in the energy gap between the occupied and vacant orbitals that are mostly responsible for the paramagnetic terms, notably along the most shielded direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abril C Castro
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Michele Cascella
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Robin N Perutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Odile Eisenstein
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway.,ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34090 Montpellier, France
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Sander S, Cosgrove EJ, Müller R, Kaupp M, Braun T. Hydrogen Bonding in Platinum Indolylphosphine Polyfluorido and Fluorido Complexes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202768. [PMID: 36327144 PMCID: PMC10107128 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the Pt complexes cis-[Pt(CH3 )(Ar){Ph2 P(Ind)}2 ] (Ind=2-(3-methyl)indolyl, Ar=4-tBuC6 H4 (1 a), 4-CH3 C6 H4 (1 b), Ph (1 c), 4-FC6 H4 (1 d), 4-ClC6 H4 (1 e), 4-CF3 C6 H4 (1 f)) with HF afforded the polyfluorido complexes trans-[Pt(F(HF)2 )(Ar){Ph2 P(Ind)}2 ] 2 a-f, which can be converted into the fluoride derivatives trans-[Pt(F)(Ar){Ph2 P(Ind)}2 ] (3 a-f) by treatment with CsF. The compounds 2 a-f and 3 a-f were characterised thoroughly by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. The data reveal hydrogen bonding of the fluorido ligand with HF molecules and the indolylphosphine ligand. Polyfluorido complexes 2 a-f show larger |1 J(F,Pt)|, but lower 1 J(H,F) coupling constants when compared to the fluorido complexes 3 a-f. Decreasing 1 J(P,Pt) coupling constants in 2 a-f and 3 a-f suggest a cis influence of the aryl ligands in the following order: 4-tBuC6 H4 (a) ≈4-CH3 C6 H4 (b)<Ph (c)≪4-FC6 H4 (d)<4-ClC6 H4 (e)<4-CF3 C6 H4 (f). In addition, the larger cis influence of aryl ligands bearing electron-withdrawing groups in the para position correlates with decreasing magnitudes of |1 J(F,Pt)| coupling constants. The interpretation of the experimental data was supported by quantum-chemical DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sander
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elizabeth J Cosgrove
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr.C7, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr.C7, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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Dirican D, Talavera M, Braun T. Fluorination Reactions at a Platinum Carbene Complex: Reaction Routes to SF 3 , S(=O)F and Fluorido Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:17707-17712. [PMID: 34634177 PMCID: PMC9298267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The electron-rich Pt complex [Pt(IMes)2 ] (IMes: [1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolinylidine]) can be used as precursor for the syntheses of a variety of fluorido ligand containing compounds. The sulfur fluoride SF4 undergoes a rapid oxidative addition at Pt0 to yield trans-[Pt(F)(SF3 )(IMes)2 ]. A photolytic reaction of SF6 at [Pt(IMes)2 ] in the presence of IMes gave the fluorido complexes trans-[Pt(F)2 (IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)(SF3 )(IMes)2 ] along with trans-[Pt(F)(SOF)(IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)(IMes')(IMes)] (IMes': cyclometalated IMes ligand), the latter being products produced by reaction with adventitious water. trans-[Pt(F)(SOF)(IMes)2 ] and trans-[Pt(F)2 (IMes)2 ] were synthesized independently by treatment of [Pt(IMes)2 ] with SOF2 or XeF2 . A reaction of [Pt(IMes)2 ] with a HF source gave trans-[Pt(H)(F)(IMes)2 ], and an intermediate bifluorido complex trans-[Pt(H)(FHF)(IMes)2 ] was identified. Compound trans-[Pt(H)(F)(IMes)2 ] converts in the presence of CsF into trans-[Pt(F)(IMes')(IMes)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilcan Dirican
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für ChemieBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Maria Talavera
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für ChemieBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Institut für ChemieBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
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Tsygankov AA, Chusov D. Straightforward Access to High-Performance Organometallic Catalysts by Fluoride Activation: Proof of Principle on Asymmetric Cyanation, Asymmetric Michael Addition, CO 2 Addition to Epoxide, and Reductive Alkylation of Amines by Tetrahydrofuran. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Tsygankov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Denis Chusov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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Sander S, Müller R, Ahrens M, Kaupp M, Braun T. Platinum Indolylphosphine Fluorido and Polyfluorido Complexes: An Interplay between Cyclometallation, Fluoride Migration, and Hydrogen Bonding. Chemistry 2021; 27:14287-14298. [PMID: 34337795 PMCID: PMC8596594 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of [PtCl2 (COD)] (COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene) with diisopropyl-2-(3-methyl)indolylphosphine (iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)) led to the formation of the platinum(ii) chlorido complexes, cis-[PtCl2 {iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}2 ] (1) and trans-[PtCl2 {iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}2 ] (2). The cis-complex 1 reacted with NEt3 yielding the complex cis-[PtCl{κ2 -(P,N)-iPr2 P(C9 H7 N)}{iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}] (3) bearing a cyclometalated κ2 -(P,N)-phosphine ligand, while the isomer 2 with a trans-configuration did not show any reactivity towards NEt3 . Treatment of 1 or 3 with (CH3 )4 NF (TMAF) resulted in the formation of the twofold cyclometalated complex cis-[Pt{κ2 -(P,N)-iPr2 P(C9 H7 N)}2 ] (4). The molecular structures of the complexes 1-4 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The fluorido complex cis-[PtF{κ2 -(P,N)-iPr2 P(C9 H7 N)}{iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}] ⋅ (HF)4 (5 ⋅ (HF)4 ) was formed when complex 4 was treated with different hydrogen fluoride sources. The Pt(ii) fluorido complex 5 ⋅ (HF)4 exhibits intramolecular hydrogen bonding in its outer coordination sphere between the fluorido ligand and the NH group of the 3-methylindolyl moiety. In contrast to its chlorido analogue 3, complex 5 ⋅ (HF)4 reacted with CO or the ynamide 1-(2-phenylethynyl)-2-pyrrolidinone to yield the complexes trans-[Pt(CO){κ2 -(P,C)-iPr2 P(C9 H7 NCO)}{iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}][F(HF)4 ] (7) and a complex, which we suggest to be cis-[Pt{C=C(Ph)OCN(C3 H6 )}{κ2 -(P,N)-iPr2 P(C9 H7 N)}{iPr2 P(C9 H8 N)}][F(HF)4 ] (9), respectively. The structure of 9 was assigned on the basis of DFT calculations as well as NMR and IR data. Hydrogen bonding of HF and NH to fluoride was proven to be crucial for the existence of 7 and 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sander
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str. 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Robert Müller
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr.C7Straße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Mike Ahrens
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str. 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr.C7Straße des 17. Juni 13510623BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Str. 212489BerlinGermany
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Copolymerization of Ethylene and Vinyl Fluoride by Self-Assembled Multinuclear Palladium Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071609. [PMID: 32707738 PMCID: PMC7407146 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembled multinuclear PdII complexes {(Li-OPOOMe2)PdMe(4-5-nonyl-pyridine)}4Li2Cl2 (C, Li-OPOOMe2 = PPh(2-SO3Li-4,5-(OMe)2-Ph)(2-SO3−-4,5-(OMe)2-Me-Ph)), {(Zn-OP-P-SO)PdMe(L)}4 (D, L = pyridine or 4-tBu-pyridine, [OP-P-SO]3− = P(4-tBu-Ph)(2-PO32−-5-Me-Ph)(2-SO3−-5-Me-Ph)), and {(Zn-OP-P-SO)PdMe(pyridine)}3 (E) copolymerize ethylene and vinyl fluoride (VF) to linear copolymers. VF is incorporated at levels of 0.1–2.5 mol% primarily as in-chain -CH2CHFCH2- units. The molecular weight distributions of the copolymers produced by D and E are generally narrower than for catalyst C, which suggests that the Zn-phosphonate cores of D and E are more stable than the Li-sulfonate-chloride core of C under copolymerization conditions. The ethylene/VF copolymerization activities of C–E are over 100 times lower and the copolymer molecular weights (MWs) are reduced compared to the results for ethylene homopolymerization by these catalysts.
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Mondal P, Lovisari M, Twamley B, McDonald AR. Fast Hydrocarbon Oxidation by a High‐Valent Nickel–Fluoride Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Marta Lovisari
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Aidan R. McDonald
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
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Mondal P, Lovisari M, Twamley B, McDonald AR. Fast Hydrocarbon Oxidation by a High‐Valent Nickel–Fluoride Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13044-13050. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Marta Lovisari
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Aidan R. McDonald
- School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin College Green Dublin 2 Ireland
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Sojka M, Tousek J, Badri Z, Foroutan-Nejad C, Necas M. Bifurcated hydrogen bonds in platinum(II) complexes with phosphinoamine ligands. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Galley SS, Pattenaude SA, Gaggioli CA, Qiao Y, Sperling JM, Zeller M, Pakhira S, Mendoza-Cortes JL, Schelter EJ, Albrecht-Schmitt TE, Gagliardi L, Bart SC. Synthesis and Characterization of Tris-chelate Complexes for Understanding f-Orbital Bonding in Later Actinides. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2356-2366. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane S. Galley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Scott A. Pattenaude
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Carlo Alberto Gaggioli
- Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yusen Qiao
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joseph M. Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Srimanta Pakhira
- Department of Physics, Scientific Computing, Material Sciences and Engineering, High-Performance Material Institute & Condensed Matter Theory - High Magnetic Field National Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Florida A&M University − Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Jose L. Mendoza-Cortes
- Department of Physics, Scientific Computing, Material Sciences and Engineering, High-Performance Material Institute & Condensed Matter Theory - High Magnetic Field National Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Florida A&M University − Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Thomas E. Albrecht-Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Suzanne C. Bart
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Conradie EW, Westhuizen DJVD, Nel JT, Krieg HM. The Hafnium-Selective Extraction Fom a Zirconium(Hafnium) Heptafluoride Ammonium Solution Using Organophosphorus-Based Extractants. SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ION EXCHANGE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07366299.2018.1510812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Johann Theodorus Nel
- Advanced metal initiative (AMI), The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (SOC) Ltd. (Necsa), Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Henning Manfred Krieg
- Chemical Resource Beneficiation (CRB), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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14
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Thangavadivale V, Aguiar PM, Jasim NA, Pike SJ, Smith DA, Whitwood AC, Brammer L, Perutz RN. Self-complementary nickel halides enable multifaceted comparisons of intermolecular halogen bonds: fluoride ligands vs. other halides. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3767-3781. [PMID: 29780509 PMCID: PMC5939608 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00890f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of X–Ni–C6F4I···X–Ni–C6F4I halogen-bonded networks reveal pronounced differences between fluoride (X = F) and other halides: the 19F-MAS NMR spectrum is a sensitive probe of the halogen bond.
The syntheses of three series of complexes designed with self-complementary motifs for formation of halogen bonds between an iodotetrafluorophenyl ligand and a halide ligand at square-planar nickel are reported, allowing structural comparisons of halogen bonding between all four halides C6F4I···X–Ni (X = F, Cl, Br, I). In the series trans-[NiX(2,3,5,6-C6F4I)(PEt3)2] 1pX and trans-[NiX(2,3,4,5-C6F4I)(PEt3)2] (X = F, Cl, Br, I) 1oX, the iodine substituent on the benzene ring was positioned para and ortho to the metal, respectively. The phosphine substituents were varied in the series, trans-[NiX(2,3,5,6-C6F4I)(PEt2Ph)2] (X = F, I) 2pX. Crystal structures were obtained for the complete series 1pX, and for 1oF, 1oCl, 1oI and 2pI. All these complexes exhibited halogen bonds in the solid state, of which 1pF exhibited unique characteristics with a linear chain, the shortest halogen bond d(C6F4I···F–Ni) = 2.655(5) Å and the greatest reduction in halogen bond distance (I···F) compared to the sum of the Bondi van der Waals radii, 23%. The remaining complexes form zig-zag chains of halogen bonds with distances also reduced with respect to the sum of the van der Waals radii. The magnitude of the reductions follow the pattern F > Cl ∼ Br > I, 1pX > 1oX, consistent with the halogen bond strength following the same order. The variation in the I···X–Ni angles is consistent with the anisotropic charge distribution of the halide ligand. The temperature dependence of the X-ray structure of 1pF revealed a reduction in halogen bond distance of 0.055(7) Å on cooling from 240 to 111 K. Comparison of three polymorphs of 1oI shows that the halogen bond geometry may be altered significantly by the crystalline environment. The effect of the halogen bond on the 19F NMR chemical shift in the solid state is demonstrated by comparison of the magic-angle spinning NMR spectra of 1pF and 1oF with that of a complex incapable of halogen bond formation, trans-[NiF(C6F5)(PEt3)2] 3F. Halogen bonding causes deshielding of δiso in the component of the tensor perpendicular to the nickel coordination plane. The results demonstrate the potential of fluoride ligands for formation of halogen bonds in supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro M Aguiar
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ; .,Département de Chimie , l'Université de Montréal , Montréal , QC H3C 3J7 , Canada
| | - Naseralla A Jasim
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ;
| | - Sarah J Pike
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ;
| | - Dan A Smith
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ;
| | - Adrian C Whitwood
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ;
| | - Lee Brammer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S3 7HF , UK .
| | - Robin N Perutz
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , UK . ;
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15
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Lu Z, Zeng X, Hammond GB, Xu B. Widely Applicable Hydrofluorination of Alkenes via Bifunctional Activation of Hydrogen Fluoride. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18202-18205. [PMID: 29206450 PMCID: PMC5742534 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Expanding the use of fluorine in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials requires a widely applicable and more efficient protocol for the preparation of fluorinated compounds. We have developed a new generation nucleophilic fluorination reagent, KHSO4-13HF, HF 68 wt/wt %, that is not only easily handled and inexpensive but also capable of hydrofluorinating diverse, highly functionalized alkenes, including natural products. The high efficiency observed in this reaction hinges on the activation of HF using a highly "acidic" hydrogen bond acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Gerald B. Hammond
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bo Xu
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Lu, Shanghai 201620, China
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16
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Martínez-Prieto LM, Palma P, Álvarez E, Cámpora J. Nickel Pincer Complexes with Frequent Aliphatic Alkoxo Ligands [( iPrPCP)Ni-OR] (R = Et, nBu, iPr, 2-hydroxyethyl). An Assessment of the Hydrolytic Stability of Nickel and Palladium Alkoxides. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:13086-13099. [PMID: 28985067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of nickel pincer complexes with terminal alkoxo ligands [(iPrPCP)Ni-OR] (R = Et, nBu, iPr, CH2CH2OH; iPrPCP is the 2,6-bis(diisopropylphosphinomethyl)phenyl pincer ligand) was synthesized and fully characterized. Together with the previously reported methoxo analogues of Ni and Pd, these complexes constitute a unique series of isostructural late transition-metal alkoxides. Spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction data provide direct indications of the strong polarization of their covalent Ni-OR bonds. One of the most salient features of this class of compounds is their facile hydrolysis with traces of moisture, leading to equilibrium mixtures with the corresponding hydroxides [(iPrPCP)M-OH] (M = Ni or Pd) and alcohols, ROH. To compare the hydrolytic stability of nickel and palladium alkoxides, we performed NMR titrations of both hydroxides with several alcohols and determined the corresponding equilibrium constants. In general, these constants are ca. 1 order of magnitude smaller for M = Ni than Pd, indicating that Ni alkoxide complexes are more readily hydrolyzed than their Pd counterparts. For alkoxide complexes containing heteroatom-free R groups, the tendency to hydrolyze decreases as the parent alcohol ROH becomes more acidic, that is, R = Me > Et > iPr. This intuitive trend is broken for 2-methoxyethanol, the most acidic alcohol investigated. The hydroxo/2-methoxyethanol exchange equilibrium constants are comparable to those of ethanol (M = Ni) or methanol (M = Pd), showing that the corresponding 2-methoxyethoxide complexes are more prone to hydrolysis than anticipated. These experimental observations were rationalized in the light of density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Martínez-Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas. CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla . c/Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pilar Palma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas. CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla . c/Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas. CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla . c/Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan Cámpora
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas. CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla . c/Américo Vespucio, 49. 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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17
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Joksch M, Haak J, Spannenberg A, Beweries T. Synthesis, Characterisation and Hydrogen Bonding of Isostructural Group 10 Metal Halido Complexes Bearing a POCOP Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Joksch
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Julia Haak
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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18
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Denisov GS, Bureiko SF, Kucherov SY, Tolstoy PM. Correlation relationships between the energy and spectroscopic parameters of complexes with F···HF hydrogen bond. DOKLADY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012501617070016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Taylor R. The hydrogen bond between N—H or O—H and organic fluorine: favourable yes, competitive no. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:474-488. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617005923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A study was made ofX—H...F—C interactions (X= N or O) in small-molecule crystal structures. It was primarily based on 6728 structures containingX—H and C—F and no atom heavier than chlorine. Of the 28 451 C—F moieties in these structures, 1051 interact withX—H groups. However, over three-quarters of these interactions are either the weaker components of bifurcated hydrogen bonds (so likely to be incidental contacts) or occur in structures where there is a clear insufficiency of good hydrogen-bond acceptors such as oxygen, nitrogen or halide. In structures where good acceptors are entirely absent, there is about a 2 in 3 chance that a givenX—H group will donate to fluorine. Viable alternatives areX—H...π hydrogen bonds (especially to electron-rich aromatics) and dihydrogen bonds. The average H...F distances ofX—H...F—C interactions are significantly shorter for CR3F (R= C or H) and Csp2—F acceptors than for CRF3. TheX—H...F angle distribution is consistent with a weak energetic preference for linearity, but that of H...F—C suggests a flat energy profile in the range 100–180°.X—H...F—C interactions are more likely when the acceptor is Csp2—F or CR3F, and when the donor is C—NH2. They also occur significantly more often in structures containing tertiary alcohols or solvent molecules, or withZ′ > 1,i.e.when there may be unusual packing problems. It is extremely rare to findX—H...F—C interactions in structures where there are several unused good acceptors. When it does happen, there is often a clear reason,e.g.awkwardly shaped molecules whose packing isolates a donor group from the good acceptors.
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20
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Abstract
UV/vis absorption titrations have been used to investigate the formation of H-bonded complexes between anionic H-bond acceptors (HBAs) and neutral H-bond donors (HBDs) in organic solvents. Complexes formed by three different HBDs with 15 different anions were studied in chloroform and in acetonitrile. The data were used to determine self-consistent HBA parameters (β) for chloride, bromide, iodide, phosphate diester, acetate, benzoate, perrhenate, nitrate, triflimide, perchlorate, hexafluorophosphate, hydrogen sulfate, methyl sulfonate, triflate, and perfluorobutyl sulfonate. The results demonstrate the transferability of H-bond parameters for anions between different solvents and different HBD partners, allowing reliable prediction of anion recognition properties in other scenarios. Carboxylates are the strongest HBAs studied, with β parameters (≈ 15) that are significantly higher than those of neutral organic HBAs, and the non-coordinating anion hexafluorophosphate is the weakest acceptor, with a β parameter comparable to that of pyridine. The effects of ion pairing with the counter-cation were found to be negligible, provided small polar cations were avoided in the less polar solvent (chloroform). There is no correlation between the H-bonding properties of the anions and the pKa values of the conjugate acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Pike
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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21
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Wada S, Jordan RF. Olefin Insertion into a Pd-F Bond: Catalyst Reactivation Following β-F Elimination in Ethylene/Vinyl Fluoride Copolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1820-1824. [PMID: 28079950 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The discrete (phosphinoarenesulfonate)Pd fluoride complex (POBp,OMe )PdF(lutidine), where POBp,OMe =(2-MeOC6 H4 )(2-{2,6-(MeO)2 C6 H3 }C6 H4 )(2-SO3 -5-MeC6 H3 )P, inserts vinyl fluoride (VF) to form (POBp,OMe )PdCH2 CHF2 (lutidine) and inserts multiple ethylene (E) units to generate polyethylene that contains -CH2 F chain ends. These results provide strong evidence that the -CHF2 and -CH2 F chain ends in E/VF copolymer generated by (phosphinoarenesulfonate)PdR catalysts form by β-F elimination of Pd(β-F-alkyl) species, VF or E insertion of the resulting (PO)PdF species, and subsequent chain growth. These results also imply that β-F elimination is not an important catalyst deactivation reaction in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Wada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Permanent address: New Product R&D Center, Technology General Division, Asahi Glass Co., LTD., 1150 Hazawa-cho, Kanagawa-ku, yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 221-8755, Japan
| | - Richard F Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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22
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Wada S, Jordan RF. Olefin Insertion into a Pd-F Bond: Catalyst Reactivation Following β-F Elimination in Ethylene/Vinyl Fluoride Copolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Wada
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Chicago; 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
- Permanent address: New Product R&D Center; Technology General Division; Asahi Glass Co., LTD.; 1150 Hazawa-cho, Kanagawa-ku, yokohama-shi Kanagawa 221-8755 Japan
| | - Richard F. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Chicago; 5735 South Ellis Avenue Chicago IL 60637 USA
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23
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Pike SJ, Hunter CA. Fluorescent and colorimetric molecular recognition probe for hydrogen bond acceptors. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9603-9610. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02092a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of a dual molecular recognition probe for hydrogen bond acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Pike
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
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24
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Baumgarth H, Meier G, Braun T, Braun‐Cula B. Rhodium and Iridium Fluorido and Bifluorido Complexes Derived from Peroxido Precursors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Baumgarth
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Gregor Meier
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Beatrice Braun‐Cula
- Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinDepartment of ChemistryBrook‐Taylor‐Straße 212489BerlinGermany
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25
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Rauch M, Ruccolo S, Mester JP, Rong Y, Parkin G. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of a terminal magnesium fluoride compound, [Tp But,Me]MgF: hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding and C-F bond formation. Chem Sci 2016; 7:142-149. [PMID: 29861975 PMCID: PMC5950829 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03504j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The bulky tris(3-tert-butyl-5-pyrazolyl)hydroborato ligand, [TpBut,Me], has been employed to obtain the first structurally characterized example of a molecular magnesium compound that features a terminal fluoride ligand, namely [TpBut,Me]MgF, via the reaction of [TpBut,Me]MgMe with Me3SnF. The chloride, bromide and iodide complexes, [TpBut,Me]MgX (X = Cl, Br, I), can also be obtained by an analogous method using Me3SnX. The molecular structures of the complete series of halide derivatives, [TpBut,Me]MgX (X = F, Cl, Br, I) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. In each case, the Mg-X bond lengths are shorter than the sum of the covalent radii, thereby indicating that there is a significant ionic component to the bonding, in agreement with density functional theory calculations. The fluoride ligand of [TpBut,Me]MgF undergoes halide exchange with Me3SiX (X = Cl, Br, I) to afford [TpBut,Me]MgX and Me3SiF. The other halide derivatives [TpBut,Me]MgX undergo similar exchange reactions, but the thermodynamic driving forces are much smaller than those involving fluoride transfer, a manifestation of the often discussed silaphilicity of fluorine. In accord with the highly polarized Mg-F bond, the fluoride ligand of [TpBut,Me]MgF is capable of serving as a hydrogen bond and halogen bond acceptor, such that it forms adducts with indole and C6F5I. [TpBut,Me]MgF also reacts with Ph3CCl to afford Ph3CF, thereby demonstrating that [TpBut,Me]MgF may be used to form C-F bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rauch
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Serge Ruccolo
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - John Paul Mester
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Yi Rong
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
| | - Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry , Columbia University , New York , New York 10027 , USA .
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