1
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Mo J, Messinis AM, Li J, Warratz S, Ackermann L. Chelation-Assisted Iron-Catalyzed C-H Activations: Scope and Mechanism. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:10-22. [PMID: 38116619 PMCID: PMC10765378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusTo improve the resource economy of molecular syntheses, researchers have developed strategies to directly activate otherwise inert C-H bonds, thus avoiding cumbersome and costly substrate prefunctionalizations. During the past two decades, remarkable progress in coordination chemistry has set the stage for developing increasingly viable metal catalysts for C-H activations. Despite remarkable advances, C-H activations are largely dominated by precious 4d and 5d transition metal catalysts based primarily on palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and rhodium, thus decreasing the inherent sustainable nature of the C-H activation approach. Therefore, advancing catalytic reactions based on Earth-abundant and less toxic 3d transition metals, especially nontoxic and inexpensive iron, represents a desirable and attractive alternative. While research had previously focused on 8-aminoquinoline directing groups in C-H activations, we have devised easily accessible, tunable, and clickable triazoles, which feature widespread applications in bioactive compounds and drugs, among others, as peptide isosteres. Thus, in contrast to other directing groups, the triazole group is a highly desirable structural motif and functions as a bioisostere in medicine and biology, where it is exploited to mimic amide bonds.This Account summarizes the evolution of chelation-assisted iron-catalyzed C-H activations via C-H, C-H/N-H, and C-H/N-H/C-C bond cleavages, with a topical focus on the most recent contributions of our team. Thus, the triazole-enabled iron catalysis has surfaced as a transformative platform for a large variety of C-H transformations, including arylations, alkylations, alkenylations, allylations, annulations, and alkynylations, achieved through C-H activations with organometallic reagents, organohalides, alkynes, alkenes, allenes, and bicyclopropylidenes among others. Consequently, we developed widely applicable methods for the versatile preparation of decorated arenes and heteroarenes, providing access to benzamides, isoquinolones, pyrrolones, pyridones, phenones, indoles, and isoindolinones, among others. Most of these reactions employed 1,2-dichloroisobutane (DCIB) as an oxidant. Notably, chemical-oxidant-free strategies were also developed, with the major breakthroughs being the use of internal oxidants in oxidative annulations, the use of resource-economic electrocatalysis, and the development of well-defined iron(0)-mediated catalysis. In addition, a highly enantioselective inner-sphere C-H alkylation of (aza)indoles was developed by designing novel remotely decorated N-heterocyclic carbene ligands with dispersion energy donors. In addition, detailed mechanistic experiments including kinetic analyses, intermediate isolation, Mößbauer spectroscopy, and computation provided strong support for the mode of catalysis operation, enabling unprecedented C-H activations. Thereby, low-valent iron catalysts paved the way toward weakly coordinating ketones and enantioselective iron-catalyzed C-H activations through organometallic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Mo
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- School
of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, 530021 Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- WISCh
(Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Jinlian Li
- School
of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 22, 530021 Nanning, P. R. China
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- WISCh
(Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut
für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- WISCh
(Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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2
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Cattani S, Cera G. Modern Organometallic C-H Functionalizations with Earth-Abundant Iron Catalysts: An Update. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300897. [PMID: 38051920 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron-catalyzed C-H activation has recently emerged as an increasingly powerful synthetic method for the step- and atom- economical direct C-H functionalizations of otherwise inert C-H bonds. Iron's low-cost and toxicity along with its catalytic versatility have encouraged the scientific community to elect this metal for the development of new C-H activation methodologies. Within this review, we aim to present a collection of the most recent examples of iron-catalyzed C-H functionalizations with a particular emphasis on modern synthetic strategies and mechanistic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cattani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
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3
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Dutta S, Sahoo AK. Three Component syn-1,2-Arylmethylation of Internal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300610. [PMID: 36701082 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed three-component syn-1,2-arylmethylation of internal alkynes (ynamides/yne-acetates/alkynes) is described. The readily available and bench stable coupling partners iodo-arenes, and methyl boronic acid are successfully used in this coupling strategy to access the methyl-containing tetra-substituted olefins; the scope is broad showing excellent functional-group tolerance. Notably, the transformation is regio- as well as stereoselective. The biologically relevant motifs (BRM) bearing iodo-arenes and ynamides are also used for the late-stage syn-1,2-arylmethylation of alkynes. Aryl-alkylation, aryl-trideuteriomethylation, alkynyl-methylation, and alkenyl-methylation of ynamides are also presented. The Me-substituted alkenes are further transformed into synthetically important β-amino-indenones and α-fluoro-α'-methyl ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Dutta
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Akhila K Sahoo
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
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4
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Jothi Murugan S, Jeganmohan M. Cp*Co(III)-Catalyzed Regioselective [4 + 2]-Annulation of N-Chlorobenzamides with Vinyl Acetate/Vinyl Ketones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1578-1589. [PMID: 36680527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of isoquinolones through [4 + 2]-annulation of N-chlorobenzamides with vinyl acetate in the presence of CoCp*(III) catalyst in a regioselective manner is described. Furthermore, the annulation reaction was diversified by using vinyl ketones. By utilizing this strategy, biologically valuable isoquinolone derivatives were prepared in good yields. Subsequently, isoquinolone derivatives were further transformed into 1-chloroisoquinolines in the presence of POCl3. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations such as deuterium labeling study and competition experiment were performed to support the proposed reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
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5
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Chen S, Yang Y, Chen C, Wang C. Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Keto Carbonyl-Directed C—H Bond Functionalization Reactions. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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6
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Kawakami T, Tamaki S, Shirase S, Tsurugi H, Mashima K. Syntheses and Redox Properties of Carboxylate-Ligated Hexanuclear Ce(IV) Clusters and Their Photoinduced Homolysis of the Ce(IV)–Ligand Covalent Bond. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20461-20471. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kawakami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Sota Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Satoru Shirase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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7
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Doba T, Shang R, Nakamura E. Iron-Catalyzed C–H Activation for Heterocoupling and Copolymerization of Thiophenes with Enamines. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21692-21701. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Doba
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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8
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Figula BC, Chen TA, Bertke JA, Warren TH. Copper-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Methylation via Radical Relay. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan C. Figula
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ting-An Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jeffery A. Bertke
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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9
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Zhou P, Chen Y, Xie Z. Iron-Catalyzed Selective B–H Activation for 4/5-fold Methylation and Arylation of Carboranes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
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10
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Lin HS, Doba T, Sato W, Matsuo Y, Shang R, Nakamura E. Triarylamine/Bithiophene Copolymer with Enhanced Quinoidal Character as Hole-Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203949. [PMID: 35404499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polytriarylamine is a popular hole-transporting materials (HTMs) despite its suboptimal conductivity and significant recombination at the interface in a solar cell setup. Having noted insufficient conjugation among the triarylamine units along the polymer backbone, we inserted a bithiophene unit between two triarylamine units through iron-catalyzed C-H/C-H coupling of a triarylamine/thiophene monomer so that two units conjugate effectively via four quinoidal rings when the molecule functions as HTM. The obtained triarylamine/bithiophene copolymer (TABT) used as HTM showed a high-performance in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI3 ) solar cells. Mesityl substituted TABT forms a uniform film, shows high hole-carrier mobility, and has an ionization potential (IP=5.40 eV) matching that of MAPbI3 . We fabricated a solar cell device with a power conversion efficiency of 21.3 % and an open-circuit voltage of 1.15 V, which exceeds the performance of devices using reference standard such as poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine (PTAA) and Spiro-OMeTAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takahiro Doba
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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11
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Lin H, Doba T, Sato W, Matsuo Y, Shang R, Nakamura E. Triarylamine/Bithiophene Copolymer with Enhanced Quinoidal Character as Hole‐Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemical System Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Takahiro Doba
- Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuo
- Department of Chemical System Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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12
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Messinis AM, Oliveira JCA, Stückl AC, Ackermann L. Cyclometallated Iron(II) Alkoxides in Iron-Catalyzed C–H Activations by Weak O-Carbonyl Chelation. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A. Claudia Stückl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Ramesh B, Jeganmohan M. Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Regio- and Chemoselective [4 + 2]-Annulation of N-Chlorobenzamides/Acrylamides with 1,3-Dienes at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5713-5729. [PMID: 35414174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Co(III)-catalyzed regio- and chemoselective redox-neutral C-H annulation of arylamides/acrylamides with 1,3-dienes is described. The present annulation reaction was well suited with a less-reactive 1,3-butadiene. By employing this protocol, pharmaceutically important 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinones were synthesized in good yields. Furthermore, the prepared 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinones were converted into highly important oxirane derivatives in good yields. A plausible mechanistic cycle is proposed and supported by a competition experiment and kinetic isotopic effect (KIE) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balu Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
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14
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Mandal R, Garai B, Sundararaju B. Weak-Coordination in C–H Bond Functionalizations Catalyzed by 3d Metals. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh208016, India
| | - Bholanath Garai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh208016, India
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh208016, India
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15
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Benny AT, Radhakrishnan EK. Advances in the site-selective C-5, C-3 and C-2 functionalization of chromones via sp 2 C-H activation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3343-3358. [PMID: 35425362 PMCID: PMC8979368 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, site-selective C-H activation at C-5, C-3 and C-2 positions of chromones for the introduction of structural diversity to the chromone scaffold was studied. The keto group of the chromone moiety acts as the directing group for the selective functionalization of chromones at the C-5 position. Furthermore, the C-H functionalization at the electron-rich C-3 position of the chromone can be achieved using electrophilic coupling partners. The C-H functionalization at the C-2 position can be possible using nucleophilic coupling partners. The direct functionalization methods provide a better pathway for the generation of C-5, C-3 and C-2-substituted chromones with good atom economy than that of classical pre-functionalized reaction protocols.
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16
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Yang X, Wang G, Ye ZS. Palladium-catalyzed nucleomethylation of alkynes for synthesis of methylated heteroaromatic compounds. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10095-10102. [PMID: 36128232 PMCID: PMC9430495 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03294e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we disclosed a novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed nucleomethylation of alkynes for the simultaneous construction of the heteroaromatic ring and methyl group. The 3-methylindoles, 3-methylbenzofurans and 4-methylisoquinolines were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. Notably, this methodology was employed as a key step for synthesis of a pregnane X receptor antagonist, zindoxifene, bazedoxifene and AFN-1252. The kinetic studies revealed that reductive elimination might be the rate-determining step. A novel palladium-catalyzed nucleomethylation of alkynes is developed, affording 3-methylindoles, 3-methylbenzofurans and 4-methylisoquinolines in moderate to excellent yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Shi Ye
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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17
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Bhatia S, DeMuth JC, Neidig ML. Intermediates and mechanism in iron-catalyzed C-H methylation with trimethylaluminum. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12784-12787. [PMID: 34782896 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05607g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A mechanistic study is performed on the reaction method for iron-catalyzed C-H methylation with AlMe3 reagent, previously proposed to involve cyclometalated iron(III) intermediates and an iron(III)/(I) reaction cycle. Detailed spectroscopic studies (57Fe Mössbauer, EPR) during catalysis and in stoichiometric reactions identify iron(II) complexes, including cyclometalated iron(II) intermediates, as the major iron species formed in situ under catalytic reaction conditions. Reaction studies identify a cyclometalated iron(II)-methyl species as the key intermediate leading to C-H methylated product upon reaction with oxidant, consistent with a previously proposed iron(II)/iron(III)/iron(I) reaction manifold for C-H arylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Bhatia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
| | - Joshua C DeMuth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
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18
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Yu S, Hong C, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Cobalt-Catalyzed Vinylic C-H Addition to Formaldehyde: Synthesis of Butenolides from Acrylic Acids and HCHO. Org Lett 2021; 23:8359-8364. [PMID: 34652922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A carboxyl-assisted C-H functionalization of acrylic acids with formaldehyde to give butenolides is described. It is the first time that the addition of an inert vinylic C-H bond to formaldehyde has been achieved via cobalt-catalyzed C-H activation. The unique reactivity of the cobalt species was observed when compared with related Rh or Ir catalysts. γ-Hydroxymethylated butenolides were produced by the treatment of Na2CO3 after the catalytic reaction in one pot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuling Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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19
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20
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Huang J, Chen Z, Wu J. Recent Progress in Methyl-Radical-Mediated Methylation or Demethylation Reactions. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiapian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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21
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Doba T, Ilies L, Sato W, Shang R, Nakamura E. Iron-catalysed regioselective thienyl C–H/C–H coupling. Nat Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-021-00653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Weis E, Hayes MA, Johansson MJ, Martín-Matute B. Iridium-catalyzed C-H methylation and d 3-methylation of benzoic acids with application to late-stage functionalizations. iScience 2021; 24:102467. [PMID: 34027322 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) has over the past years emerged as a powerful approach in the drug discovery process. At its best, it allows for rapid access to new analogues from a single drug-like molecule, bypassing the need for de novo synthesis. To be successful, methods able to tolerate the diverse functional groups present in drug-like molecules that perform under mild conditions are required. C-H methylation is of particular interest due to the magic methyl effect in medicinal chemistry. Herein we report an iridium-catalyzed carboxylate-directed ortho C-H methylation and d 3-methylation of benzoic acids. The method uses commercially available reagents and precatalyst and requires no inert atmosphere or exclusion of moisture. Substrates bearing electron-rich and electron-poor groups were successfully methylated, including compounds with competing directing/coordinating groups. The method was also applied to the LSF of several marketed drugs, forming analogues with increased metabolic stability compared with the parent drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Weis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden.,Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin A Hayes
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus J Johansson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Belén Martín-Matute
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
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23
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Chen M, Sato W, Shang R, Nakamura E. Iron-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization of Diarylacetylene to a Strained 1,4-Dihydropentalene Framework for Narrow-Band-Gap Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6823-6828. [PMID: 33929185 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon bridging in a form of a strained 1,4-dihydropentalene framework is an effective strategy for flattening and stabilizing oligophenylenevinylene systems for the development of optoelectronic materials. However, efficient and flexible methods for making such a strained ring system are lacking. We report herein a mild and versatile synthetic access to the 1,4-dihydropentalene framework enabled by iron-catalyzed single-pot tandem cyclization of a diarylacetylene using FeCl2 and PPh3 as catalyst, magnesium/LiCl as a reductant, and 1,2-dichloropropane as a mild oxidant. The new annulation method features two iron-catalyzed transformations used in tandem, a reductive acetylenic carboferration and an oxidation-induced ring contraction of a ferracycle under mild oxidative conditions. The new method provides access not only to a variety of substituted indeno[2,1-a]indenes but also to their thiophene congeners, 4,9-dihydrobenzo[4,5]pentaleno[1,2-b]thiophene (CPTV) and 4,8-dihydropentaleno[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophenes (CTV). With its high highest occupied molecular orbital level and narrow optical gap, CTV serves as a donor unit in a narrow-band-gap non-fullerene acceptor, which shows absorption extending over 1000 nm in the film state, and has found use in a near-infrared photodetector device that exhibited an external quantum efficiency of 72.4% at 940 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Sato
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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24
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Ramesh B, Jeganmohan M. Cobalt(iii)-catalyzed redox-neutral [4+2]-annulation of N-chlorobenzamides/acrylamides with alkylidenecyclopropanes at room temperature. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3692-3695. [PMID: 33725082 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of substituted 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinones through [4+2]-annulation of N-chlorobenzamides/acrylamides having a monodentate directing group with alkylidenecyclopropanes in the presence of a less expensive, highly abundant and air stable Co(iii) catalyst via a C-H activation is demonstrated. In this reaction, the N-Cl bond of N-chlorobenzamide serves as an internal oxidant and thus an external metal oxidant is avoided. The 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinone derivatives are converted successfully into the highly useful imidoyl chloride derivatives. The deuterium labeling and kinetic isolabelling studies reveal that the C-H activation is a rate-determining step in this cyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balu Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
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25
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Das J, Mal DK, Maji S, Maiti D. Recent Advances in External-Directing-Group-Free C–H Functionalization of Carboxylic Acids without Decarboxylation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayabrata Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Dibya Kanti Mal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suman Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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26
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Ni S, Hribersek M, Baddigam SK, Ingner FJL, Orthaber A, Gates PJ, Pilarski LT. Mechanochemical Solvent-Free Catalytic C-H Methylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6660-6666. [PMID: 33031646 PMCID: PMC7986365 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanochemical, solvent-free, highly regioselective, rhodium-catalyzed C-H methylation of (hetero)arenes is reported. The reaction shows excellent functional-group compatibility and is demonstrated to work for the late-stage C-H methylation of biologically active compounds. The method requires no external heating and benefits from considerably shorter reaction times than previous solution-based C-H methylation protocols. Additionally, the mechanochemical approach is shown to enable the efficient synthesis of organometallic complexes that are difficult to generate conventionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry—BMCUppsala UniversityBox 57675123UppsalaSweden
| | - Matic Hribersek
- Department of Chemistry—BMCUppsala UniversityBox 57675123UppsalaSweden
| | | | | | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström LaboratoriesUppsala UniversityBox 52375120UppsalaSweden
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's Close, CliftonBristolBS8 1TSUK
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27
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Ilies L. C–H Activation Catalyzed by Earth-Abundant Metals. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurean Ilies
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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28
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Mo J, Messinis AM, Oliveira JCA, Demeshko S, Meyer F, Ackermann L. Iron-Catalyzed Triazole-Enabled C–H Activation with Bicyclopropylidenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Mo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Antonis M. Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- WISCh (Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- WISCh (Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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29
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Wu J, Qian B, Lu L, Yang H, Shang Y, Zhang J. Access to the C2 C–H olefination, alkylation and deuteration of indoles by rhodium( iii) catalysis: an opportunity for diverse syntheses. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00133g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A concise approach for a diversity-oriented synthesis via regioselective C2 C–H olefination, alkylation, and deuteration of indoles by Rh(iii) catalysis is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Baiyang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Lili Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
| | - Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
- Wuhu 241002
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30
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Aynetdinova D, Callens MC, Hicks HB, Poh CYX, Shennan BDA, Boyd AM, Lim ZH, Leitch JA, Dixon DJ. Installing the “magic methyl” – C–H methylation in synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5517-5563. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00973c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Following notable cases of remarkable potency increases in methylated analogues of lead compounds, this review documents the state-of-the-art in C–H methylation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniya Aynetdinova
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Mia C. Callens
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Harry B. Hicks
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Charmaine Y. X. Poh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Alistair M. Boyd
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Zhong Hui Lim
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Oxford
- UK
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31
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Tong X, Luo SS, Shen H, Zhang S, Cao T, Luo YP, Huang LL, Ma XT, Liu XW. Nickel-catalyzed defluorinative alkylation of C(sp 2)–F bonds. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed defluorinative alkylation of unactivated C(sp2)–F electrophiles using commercially available trialkylaluminum reagents, thus forming the C(sp2)–C(sp3) bonds is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Tong
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Si-Si Luo
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Hua Shen
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Tian Cao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Yi-Peng Luo
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Long-Ling Huang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
| | - Xi-Tao Ma
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Chengdu 610072
- China
| | - Xiang-Wei Liu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs
- School of Life Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
- China
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32
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Rana S, Biswas JP, Paul S, Paik A, Maiti D. Organic synthesis with the most abundant transition metal–iron: from rust to multitasking catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:243-472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising aspects of iron in synthetic chemistry are being explored for three-four decades as a green and eco-friendly alternative to late transition metals. This present review unveils these rich iron-chemistry towards different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | | | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- IIT Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI)
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33
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Ni S, Hribersek M, Baddigam SK, Ingner FJL, Orthaber A, Gates PJ, Pilarski LT. Mechanochemical Solvent‐Free Catalytic C−H Methylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Ni
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Matic Hribersek
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Swarna K. Baddigam
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | | | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—Ångström Laboratories Uppsala University Box 523 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close, Clifton Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Lukasz T. Pilarski
- Department of Chemistry—BMC Uppsala University Box 576 75123 Uppsala Sweden
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34
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Xue C, Wang L, Han J. Palladium-Catalyzed Site-Selective Benzocyclization of Naphthoic Acids with Diaryliodonium Salts: Efficient Access to Benzanthrones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15406-15414. [PMID: 33226241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dual activation of both C-I and vicinal C-H bonds of diaryliodonium salts allowing for diarylation is a subject of rapid construction of π-extended frameworks. Here, we report palladium-catalyzed cascade of C8-arylation/intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of α-naphthoic acids in the synthesis of benzanthrone derivatives. The step-economical protocol tolerates various substrates, which resulted in a potential molecular library for developing functional polycyclic scaffolds. The approach relies on the synergistic action of strong acid with palladium catalysts to form two bonds in a one-pot procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwei Xue
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Limin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianwei Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.,Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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35
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Fu L, Xu Z, Wan JP, Liu Y. The Domino Chromone Annulation and a Transient Halogenation-Mediated C–H Alkenylation toward 3-Vinyl Chromones. Org Lett 2020; 22:9518-9523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leiqing Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Bio-Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P. R. China
| | - Zhongrong Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
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36
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Tian S, Luo T, Zhu Y, Wan JP. Recent advances in the diversification of chromones and flavones by direct C H bond activation or functionalization. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Harada S, Yanagawa M, Nemoto T. Dual-Functional Enone-Directing Group/Electrophile for Sequential C–C Bond Formation with α-Diazomalonates: A Short Synthesis of Chiral 3,4-Fused Tricyclic Indoles. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Mai Yanagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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38
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Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Feng Z. Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions for the Construction of Carbon‐Heteroatom Bonds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Zhang Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry School of Preclinical Medicine North Sichuan Medical College 234 Fujiang Road Nanchong Sichuan 637000 China
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39
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C-Methylation of Organic Substrates: A Comprehensive Overview. Part II—Methyl Metals as Methylating Agents. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-020-00172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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40
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Messinis AM, Finger LH, Hu L, Ackermann L. Allenes for Versatile Iron-Catalyzed C-H Activation by Weak O-Coordination: Mechanistic Insights by Kinetics, Intermediate Isolation, and Computation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13102-13111. [PMID: 32536163 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The iron-catalyzed hydroarylation of allenes was accomplished by weak phenone assistance. The C-H activation proceeded with excellent efficacy and high ortho-regioselectivity in proximity to the weakly coordinating carbonyl group for a range of substituted phenones and allenes. Detailed mechanistic studies, including the isolation of key intermediates, the structural characterization of an iron-metallacycle, and kinetic analysis, allowed the sound elucidation of a plausible catalytic working mode. This mechanistic rationale is supported by detailed computational density functional theory studies, which fully address multi-spin-state reactivity. Furthermore, in operando nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring of the catalytic reaction provided detailed insights into the mode of action of the iron-catalyzed C-H alkylation with allenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis M Messinis
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lars H Finger
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lianrui Hu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany.,WISCh (Wöhler-Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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41
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Jagtap RA, Samal PP, Vinod CP, Krishnamurty S, Punji B. Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)–H Alkylation of Indolines and Benzo[h]quinoline with Unactivated Alkyl Chlorides through Chelation Assistance. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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42
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Wei Y, Duan A, Tang PT, Li JW, Peng RM, Zhou ZX, Luo XP, Kurmoo M, Liu YJ, Zeng MH. Remote and Selective C(sp 2)-H Olefination for Sequential Regioselective Linkage of Phenanthrenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:4129-4134. [PMID: 32459099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biphenylcarboxylic acid with two competing C(sp2)-H sites was designed for site selective C(sp2)-H functionalization by developing carboxylic acids assisted remote and selective olefination via 7-membered palladacycle. Mechanism investigation and DFT calculations reveal a kinetics-determined process, which could be utilized to explore a variety of remote site selectivity. The practicability of this method was highlighted by the precise construction of phenathrene under sequential site selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Abing Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Pan-Ting Tang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jia-Wei Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rou-Ming Peng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zheng-Xin Zhou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Luo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMR7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67070, France
| | - Yue-Jin Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Ming-Hua Zeng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China.,Department of Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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44
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Friis SD, Johansson MJ, Ackermann L. Cobalt-catalysed C-H methylation for late-stage drug diversification. Nat Chem 2020; 12:511-519. [PMID: 32472105 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The magic methyl effect is well acknowledged in medicinal chemistry, but despite its significance, accessing such analogues via derivatization at a late stage remains a pivotal challenge. In an effort to mitigate this major limitation, we here present a strategy for the cobalt-catalysed late-stage C-H methylation of structurally complex drug molecules. Enabling broad applicability, the transformation relies on a boron-based methyl source and takes advantage of inherently present functional groups to guide the C-H activation. The relative reactivity observed for distinct classes of functionalities were determined and the sensitivity of the transformation towards a panel of common functional motifs was tested under various reaction conditions. Without the need for prefunctionalization or postdeprotection, a diverse array of marketed drug molecules and natural products could be methylated in a predictable manner. Subsequent physicochemical and biological testing confirmed the magnitude with which this seemingly minor structural change can affect important drug properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig D Friis
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus J Johansson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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45
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Jia J, Zeng X, Liu Z, Zhao L, He CY, Li XF, Feng Z. Iron-Catalyzed Silylation of (Hetero)aryl Chlorides with Et3SiBpin. Org Lett 2020; 22:2816-2821. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhengli Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China
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46
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Geng S, Chen S, Liu Z, Zeng X, He Y, Feng Z. C–O Bond Silylation Catalyzed by Iron: A General Method for the Construction of Csp2–Si Bonds. Org Lett 2020; 22:2669-2674. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Geng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhengli Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Zhang Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
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47
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Chen M, Doba T, Sato T, Razumkov H, Ilies L, Shang R, Nakamura E. Chromium(III)-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H Alkynylation, Allylation, and Naphthalenation of Secondary Amides with Trimethylaluminum as Base. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4883-4891. [PMID: 32068410 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Among base metals used for C-H activation reactions, chromium(III) is rather unexplored despite its natural abundance and low toxicity. We report herein chromium(III)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H functionalization of an ortho-position of aromatic and α,β-unsaturated secondary amides using readily available AlMe3 as a base and using bromoalkynes, allyl bromide, and 1,4-dihydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalene as electrophiles. This redox-neutral reaction taking place at 70-90 °C, requires as low as 1-2 mol % of CrCl3 or Cr(acac)3 as a catalyst without any added ligand, and tolerates functional groups such as aryl iodide, boronate, and thiophene groups. Stoichiometric and kinetics studies as well as kinetic isotope effects suggest that the catalytic cycle consists of a series of thermally stable but reactive intermediates bearing two molecules of the amide substrate on one chromium atom and also that one of these chromate(III) complexes takes part in the alkynylation, allylation, and naphthalenation reactions. The proposed mechanism accounts for the effective suppression of methyl group delivery from AlMe3 for ortho-C-H methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takahiro Doba
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takenari Sato
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hlib Razumkov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Laurean Ilies
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eiichi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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48
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Hu T, Huang L, Gao L, Song Z. Synthesis of unsymmetrical diarylmethanols via C–Si bond bifunctionalization enabled by sequential [1,4]-Csp 2 to O-silyl migration. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo01450k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetrical C–Si bond bifunctionalization of 2,2′-bis(trimethylsilyl) diphenylmethanol via “on–off–on” sequential [1,4]-Csp2 to O-silyl migration installs Csp3/Csp3, Csp3/Csp2 or Csp2/Csp3 in one pot, giving sterically congested unsymmetrical diarylmethanols in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Liying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Lu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Zhenlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province
- Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
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49
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Yu Q, Liu Y, Wan JP. Transition metal-free synthesis of 3-trifluoromethyl chromones via tandem C–H trifluoromethylation and chromone annulation of enaminones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00855a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of 3-trifluoromethyl chromones has been realized via transition metal-free reactions of o-hydroxyphenyl enaminones and the Langlois reagent via cascade C–H trifluoromethylation and chromone annulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022
- P. R. China
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50
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Zhu C, Stangier M, Oliveira JCA, Massignan L, Ackermann L. Iron-Electrocatalyzed C-H Arylations: Mechanistic Insights into Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination for Ferraelectrocatalysis. Chemistry 2019; 25:16382-16389. [PMID: 31658385 PMCID: PMC6972497 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite major advances, organometallic C-H transformations are dominated by precious 5d and 4d transition metals, such as iridium, palladium and rhodium. In contrast, the unique potential of less toxic Earth-abundant 3d metals has been underexplored. While iron is the most naturally abundant transition metal, its use in oxidative, organometallic C-H activation has faced major limitations due to the need for superstoichiometric amounts of corrosive, cost-intensive DCIB as the sacrificial oxidant. To fully address these restrictions, we describe herein the unprecedented merger of electrosynthesis with iron-catalyzed C-H activation through oxidation-induced reductive elimination. Thus, ferra- and manganaelectro-catalyzed C-H arylations were accomplished at mild reaction temperatures with ample scope by the action of sustainable iron catalysts, employing electricity as a benign oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiju Zhu
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Maximilian Stangier
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Leonardo Massignan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
- Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh)Georg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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