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Siegele F, Tschurl M, Schooss D, Heiz U. Activation of CH 4, NH 3, and N 2 by Tantalum Ions, Clusters and Their Oxides: What Can Be Learnt from Studies of Ions in the Gas Phase. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400513. [PMID: 39611594 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 11/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024]
Abstract
The emission control of harmful compounds and greenhouse gases and the development of alternative, sustainable fuel sources is a major focus in current research. A solution for this problem lies in the development of efficient catalytic materials. Here, gas phase model systems represent prominent examples for obtaining fundamental insights on reaction properties of prospective catalytic systems. In this work, we review results from studies of tantalum clusters and their oxides in the gas phase and discuss insights with a potential relevance for applied systems. We focus on reactions that are essential for sustainable chemistry in the future. In detail, we address the activation of methane, which may enable the transformation of a greenhouse gas to a chemical feedstock, and we discuss the activation of NH3, which may function as an alternative energy carrier whose unwanted emission needs to be curbed in future applications. Finally, we consider the activation of N2 as a third reaction, since reducing the high energy demand of ammonia synthesis still bears significant challenges. While tantalum may be an interesting catalytic material, the discussed studies may also serve as benchmark for investigations of other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Siegele
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Tschurl
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Detlef Schooss
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ueli Heiz
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I, Technische Universität München, School of Natural Sciences, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
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2
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Kamata K, Aihara T, Wachi K. Synthesis and catalytic application of nanostructured metal oxides and phosphates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11483-11499. [PMID: 39282987 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03233k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
The design and development of new high-performance catalysts is one of the most important and challenging issues to achieve sustainable chemical and energy production. This Feature Article describes the synthesis of nanostructured metal oxides and phosphates mainly based on earth-abundant metals and their thermocatalytic application to selective oxidation and acid-base reactions. A simple and versatile methodology for the control of nanostructures based on crystalline complex oxides and phosphates with diverse structures and compositions is proposed as another approach to catalyst design. Herein, two unique and verstile methods for the synthesis of metal oxide and phosphate nanostructures are introduced; an amino acid-aided method for metal oxides and phosphates and a precursor crystallization method for porous manganese oxides. Nanomaterials based on perovskite oxides, manganese oxides, and metal phosphates can function as effective heterogeneous catalysts for selective aerobic oxidation, biomass conversion, direct methane conversion, one-pot synthesis, acid-base reactions, and water electrolysis. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationship is clarified based on experimental and computational approaches, and the influence of oxygen vacancy formation, concerted activation of molecules, and the redox/acid-base properties of the outermost surface are discussed. The proposed methodology for nanostructure control would be useful not only for the design and understanding of the complexity of metal oxide catalysts, but also for the development of innovative catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Kamata
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-R3-6, Midori-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Aihara
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-R3-6, Midori-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
| | - Keiju Wachi
- Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259-R3-6, Midori-ku, Yokohama-city, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan.
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Hu YZ, Wei GP, Zhao YX, Liu QY, He SG. Experimental Reactivity of (MoO 3) NO - ( N = 1-21) Cluster Anions with C 1-C 4 Alkanes: A Simple Model to Predict the Reactivity with Methane. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:5253-5259. [PMID: 38937133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Metal oxide clusters with atomic oxygen radical anions are important model systems to study the mechanisms of activating and transforming very stable alkane molecules under ambient conditions. It is extremely challenging to characterize the activation and conversion of methane, the most stable alkane molecule, by metal oxide cluster anions due to the low reactivity of the anionic species. In this study, using a ship-lock type reactor that could be run at relatively high pressure conditions to provide a high number of collisions in ion-molecule reactions, the rate constants of the reactions between (MoO3)NO- (N = 1-21) cluster anions and the light alkanes (C1-C4) were measured under thermal collision conditions. The relationships among the reaction rates of different alkanes were obtained to establish a model to predict the low rate constants with methane from the high rate constants with C2-C4 alkanes. The model was tested by using available experimental results in literature. This study provides a new method to estimate the relatively low reactivity of atomic oxygen radical anions with methane on metal oxide clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhe Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Gong-Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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4
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Mu L, Shi G, Fang H. Hydrated cation-π interactions of π-electrons with hydrated Mg2+ and Ca2+ cations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214712. [PMID: 38842493 DOI: 10.1063/5.0210995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrated cation-π interactions at liquid-solid interfaces between hydrated cations and aromatic ring structures of carbon-based materials are pivotal in many material, biological, and chemical processes, and water serves as a crucial mediator in these interactions. However, a full understanding of the hydrated cation-π interactions between hydrated alkaline earth cations and aromatic ring structures, such as graphene remains elusive. Here, we present a molecular picture of hydrated cation-π interactions for Mg2+ and Ca2+ by using the density functional theory methods. Theoretical results show that the graphene sheet can distort the hydration shell of the hydrated Ca2+ to interact with Ca2+ directly, which is water-cation-π interactions. In contrast, the hydration shell of the hydrated Mg2+ is quite stable and the graphene sheet interacts with Mg2+ indirectly, mediated by water molecules, which is the cation-water-π interactions. These results lead to the anomalous order of adsorption energies for these alkaline earth cations, with hydrated Mg2+-π < hydrated Ca2+-π when the number of water molecules is large (n ≥ 6), contrary to the order observed for cation-π interactions in the absence of water molecules (n = 0). The behavior of hydrated alkaline earth cations adsorbed on a graphene surface is mainly attributed to the competition between the cation-π interactions and hydration effects. These findings provide valuable details of the structures and the adsorption energy of hydrated alkaline earth cations adsorbed onto the graphene surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Mu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
- School of Physical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute, State Key Laboratory Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Qian Q, Chen J, Qin M, Pei Y, Chen C, Tang D, Makvandi P, Du W, Yang G, Fang H, Zhou Y. Enhancing antibacterial properties by regulating valence configurations of copper: a focus on Cu-carboxyl chelates. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5128-5139. [PMID: 38699827 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Optimizing the antibacterial effectiveness of copper ions while reducing environmental and cellular toxicity is essential for public health. A copper chelate, named PAI-Cu, is skillfully created using a specially designed carboxyl copolymer (a combination of acrylic and itaconic acids) with copper ions. PAI-Cu demonstrates a broad-spectrum antibacterial capability both in vitro and in vivo, without causing obvious cytotoxic effects. When compared to free copper ions, PAI-Cu displays markedly enhanced antibacterial potency, being about 35 times more effective against Escherichia coli and 16 times more effective against Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, Gaussian and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) analyses reveal that Cu+ ions can remain stable in the carboxyl compound's aqueous environment. Thus, the superior antibacterial performance of PAI-Cu largely stems from its modulation of copper ions between mono- and divalent states within the Cu-carboxyl chelates, especially via the carboxyl ligand. This modulation leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (˙OH), which is pivotal in bacterial eradication. This research offers a cost-effective strategy for amplifying the antibacterial properties of Cu ions, paving new paths for utilizing copper ions in advanced antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Qian
- Joint Center of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Jige Chen
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingming Qin
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Yu Pei
- Joint Center of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chunxiu Chen
- Joint Center of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dongping Tang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, China
| | - Wei Du
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Joint Center of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics and National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- Joint Center of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Khamaru K, Pal U, Shee S, Lo R, Seal K, Ghosh P, Maiti NC, Banerji B. Metal-Free Activation of Molecular Oxygen by Quaternary Ammonium-Based Ionic Liquid: A Detail Mechanistic Study. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6912-6925. [PMID: 38421821 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Most oxidation processes in common organic synthesis and chemical biology require transition metal catalysts or metalloenzymes. Herein, we report a detailed mechanistic study of a metal-free oxygen (O2) activation protocol on benzylamine/alcohols using simple quaternary alkylammonium-based ionic liquids to produce products such as amide, aldehyde, imine, and in some cases, even aromatized products. NMR and various control experiments established the product formation and reaction mechanism, which involved the conversion of molecular oxygen into a hydroperoxyl radical via a proton-coupled electron transfer process. Detection of hydrogen peroxide in the reaction medium using colorimetric analysis supported the proposed mechanism of oxygen activation. Furthermore, first-principles calculations using density functional theory (DFT) revealed that reaction coordinates and transition state spin densities have a unique spin conversion of triplet oxygen leading to formation of singlet products via a minimum energy crossing point. In addition to DFT, domain-based local pair natural orbital coupled cluster, (DLPNO-CCSD(T)), and complete active space self-consistent field, CASSCF(20,14) methods complemented the above findings. Partial density of states analysis showed stabilization of π* orbital of oxygen in the presence of ionic liquid, making it susceptible to hydrogen abstraction in a mild, metal-free condition. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic (ICP-AES) analysis of reactant and ionic liquids clearly showed the absence of any significant transition metal contamination. The current results described the origin of O2 activation within the context of molecular orbital (MO) theory and opened up a new avenue for the use of ionic liquids as inexpensive, multifunctional and high-performance alternative to metal-based catalysts for O2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uttam Pal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subhankar Shee
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kaushik Seal
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Residential College (Autonomous), Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
| | - Nakul Chandra Maiti
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswadip Banerji
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kolkata 700032, India
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7
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Arora S, Rawal P, Gupta P. Orbital Analysis Captures the Existence of a Mixed-Valent Cu III -O-Cu II Active-Site and its Role in Water-Assisted Aliphatic Hydroxylation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303722. [PMID: 38168869 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The Cu-O-Cu core has been proposed as a potential site for methane oxidation in particulate methane monooxygenase. In this work, we used density functional theory (DFT) to design a mixed-valent CuIII -O-CuII species from an experimentally known peroxo-dicopper complex supported by N-donor ligands containing phenolic groups. We found that the transfer of two-protons and two-electrons from phenolic groups to peroxo-dicopper core takes place, which results to the formation of a bis-μ-hydroxo-dicopper core. The bis-μ-hydroxo-dicopper core converts to a mixed-valent CuIII -O-CuII core with the removal of a water molecule. The orbital and spin density analyses unravel the mixed-valent nature of CuIII -O-CuII . We further investigated the reactivity of this mixed-valent core for aliphatic C-H hydroxylation. Our study unveiled that mixed-valent CuIII -O-CuII core follows a hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for C-H activation. An in-situ generated water molecule plays an important role in C-H hydroxylation by acting as a proton transfer bridge between carbon and oxygen. Furthermore, to assess the relevance of a mixed-valent CuIII -O-CuII core, we investigated aliphatic C-H activation by a symmetrical CuII -O-CuII core. DFT results show that the mixed-valent CuIII -O-CuII core is more reactive toward the C-H bond than the symmetrical CuII -O-CuII core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumangla Arora
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667
| | - Parveen Rawal
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Computational Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667
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8
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Reetz MT. Dyotropic Rearrangements in Organic Solvents, in the Gas Phase, and in Enzyme Catalysis. Isr J Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred T. Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim Germany
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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9
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Zhao J, Qi L, Li W, Cheng J, Li Q, Liu S. CH4 activation by PtX+ (X = F, Cl, Br, I). Front Chem 2022; 10:1027465. [PMID: 36226113 PMCID: PMC9548706 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1027465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactions of PtX+ (X = F, Cl, Br, I) with methane have been investigated at the density functional theory (DFT) level. These reactions take place more easily along the low-spin potential energy surface. For HX (X = F, Cl, Br, I) elimination, the formal oxidation state of the metal ion appears to be conserved, and the importance of this reaction channel decreases in going as the sequence: X = F, Cl, Br, I. A reversed trend is observed in the loss of H2 for X = F, Cl, Br, while it is not favorable for PtI+ in the loss of either HI or H2. For HX eliminations, the transfer form of H is from proton to atom, last to hydride, and the mechanisms are from PCET to HAT, last to HT for the sequence of X = F, Cl, Br, I. One reason is mainly due to the electronegativity of halogens. Otherwise, the mechanisms of HX eliminations also can be explained by the analysis of Frontier Molecular Orbitals. While for the loss of H2, the transfer of H is in the form of hydride for all the X ligands. Noncovalent interactions analysis also can be explained the reaction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenzuo Li
- *Correspondence: Wenzuo Li, ; Qingzhong Li, ; Shaoli Liu,
| | | | - Qingzhong Li
- *Correspondence: Wenzuo Li, ; Qingzhong Li, ; Shaoli Liu,
| | - Shaoli Liu
- *Correspondence: Wenzuo Li, ; Qingzhong Li, ; Shaoli Liu,
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10
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Otlyotov AA, Minenkov Y. Conformational energies of microsolvated Na + clusters with protic and aprotic solvents from GFNn-xTB methods. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:1856-1863. [PMID: 36053781 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Performance of contemporary tight-binding semiempirical GFNn-xTB methods for the conformational energies of singly charged sodium clusters Na+ (S)n (n = 4-8) with 3 protic and 8 aprotic solvents is examined against the reference RI-MP2/CBS method. The median Pearson correlation coefficients of ρ = 0.84 (GFN2-xTB) and ρ = 0.82 (GFN1-xTB) do not give the clear preference to any tested approach. GFN1-xTB method demonstrates more stable performance than its GFN2-xTB successor with the average mean absolute errors (MAEs)/mean signed errors (MSEs) of 1.2/0.2 and 2.3/1.6 kcal mol-1 , respectively. Conformational energies produced by the computationally efficient DFT functional PBE and double-ζ basis set complemented with -D3(BJ) dispersion correction are suitable for the preliminary sampling (median ρ = 0.93), but should be used with a caution for the calculations of the average ensemble properties (MAE/MSE = 1.7/1.1 kcal mol-1 ). Higher-ranking PBE0-D3(BJ) and ωB97M-V with triple-ζ basis sets yield significantly lower MAEs/MSEs of 0.55/0.20 and 0.51/0.23 kcal mol-1 , respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy A Otlyotov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yury Minenkov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Joint Institute for High Temperatures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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11
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Zhao Q, Xu Y, Greeley J, Savoie BM. Deep reaction network exploration at a heterogeneous catalytic interface. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4860. [PMID: 35982057 PMCID: PMC9388529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the reaction energies and barriers of reaction networks is central to catalyst development. However, heterogeneous catalytic surfaces pose several unique challenges to automatic reaction network characterization, including large sizes and open-ended reactant sets, that make ad hoc network construction the current state-of-the-art. Here, we show how automated network exploration algorithms can be adapted to the constraints of heterogeneous systems using ethylene oligomerization on silica-supported single-site Ga3+ as a model system. Using only graph-based rules for exploring the network and elementary constraints based on activation energy and size for identifying network terminations, a comprehensive reaction network is generated and validated against standard methods. The algorithm (re)discovers the Ga-alkyl-centered Cossee-Arlman mechanism that is hypothesized to drive major product formation while also predicting several new pathways for producing alkanes and coke precursors. These results demonstrate that automated reaction exploration algorithms are rapidly maturing towards general purpose capability for exploratory catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Zhao
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Yinan Xu
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Jeffrey Greeley
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
| | - Brett M Savoie
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA.
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12
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Gao Y, Jiang M, Yang L, Li Z, Tian FX, He Y. Recent progress of catalytic methane combustion over transition metal oxide catalysts. Front Chem 2022; 10:959422. [PMID: 36003612 PMCID: PMC9393236 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.959422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methane (CH4) is one of the cleanest fossil fuel resources and is playing an increasingly indispensable role in our way to carbon neutrality, by providing less carbon-intensive heat and electricity worldwide. On the other hand, the atmospheric concentration of CH4 has raced past 1,900 ppb in 2021, almost triple its pre-industrial levels. As a greenhouse gas at least 86 times as potent as carbon dioxide (CO2) over 20 years, CH4 is becoming a major threat to the global goal of deviating Earth temperature from the +2°C scenario. Consequently, all CH4-powered facilities must be strictly coupled with remediation plans for unburned CH4 in the exhaust to avoid further exacerbating the environmental stress, among which catalytic CH4 combustion (CMC) is one of the most effective strategies to solve this issue. Most current CMC catalysts are noble-metal-based owing to their outstanding C–H bond activation capability, while their high cost and poor thermal stability have driven the search for alternative options, among which transition metal oxide (TMO) catalysts have attracted extensive attention due to their Earth abundance, high thermal stability, variable oxidation states, rich acidic and basic sites, etc. To date, many TMO catalysts have shown comparable catalytic performance with that of noble metals, while their fundamental reaction mechanisms are explored to a much less extent and remain to be controversial, which hinders the further optimization of the TMO catalytic systems. Therefore, in this review, we provide a systematic compilation of the recent research advances in TMO-based CMC reactions, together with their detailed reaction mechanisms. We start with introducing the scientific fundamentals of the CMC reaction itself as well as the unique and desirable features of TMOs applied in CMC, followed by a detailed introduction of four different kinetic reaction models proposed for the reactions. Next, we categorize the TMOs of interests into single and hybrid systems, summarizing their specific morphology characterization, catalytic performance, kinetic properties, with special emphasis on the reaction mechanisms and interfacial properties. Finally, we conclude the review with a summary and outlook on the TMOs for practical CMC applications. In addition, we also further prospect the enormous potentials of TMOs in producing value-added chemicals beyond combustion, such as direct partial oxidation to methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxin Jiang
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuqingqing Yang
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulian He
- UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yulian He,
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13
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Du W, Yang J, Chen J, Fang H. Interlayer spacing control of boron nitride sheets with hydrated cations. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2092040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junwei Yang
- School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jige Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics and National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Shafi Z, Gibson JK. Lanthanide Complexes Containing a Terminal Ln═O Oxo Bond: Revealing Higher Stability of Tetravalent Praseodymium versus Terbium. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:7075-7087. [PMID: 35476904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on the reactivity of gas-phase lanthanide-oxide nitrate complexes, [Ln(O)(NO3)3]- (denoted LnO2+), produced via elimination of NO2• from trivalent [LnIII(NO3)4]- (Ln = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Dy). These complexes feature a LnIII-O• oxyl, a LnIV═O oxo, or an intermediate LnIII/IV oxyl/oxo bond, depending on the accessibility of the tetravalent LnIV state. Hydrogen atom abstraction reactivity of the LnO2+ complexes to form unambiguously trivalent [LnIII(OH)(NO3)3]- reveals the nature of the oxide bond. The result of slower reactivity of PrO2+ versus TbO2+ is considered to indicate higher stability of the tetravalent praseodymium-oxo, PrIV═O, versus TbIV═O. This is the first report of PrIV as more stable than TbIV, which is discussed with respect to ionization potentials, standard electrode potentials, atomic promotion energies, and oxo bond covalency via 4f- and/or 5d-orbital participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Shafi
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John K Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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15
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Liu F, Ma S, Lu Z, Nangia A, Duan M, Yu Y, Xu G, Mei Y, Bietti M, Houk KN. Hydrogen Abstraction by Alkoxyl Radicals: Computational Studies of Thermodynamic and Polarity Effects on Reactivities and Selectivities. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6802-6812. [PMID: 35378978 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations (ωB97X-D) are reported for the reactions of methoxy, tert-butoxy, trichloroethoxy, and trifluoroethoxy radicals with a series of 26 C-H bonds in different environments characteristic of a variety of hydrocarbons and substituted derivatives. The variations in activation barriers are analyzed with modified Evans-Polanyi treatments to account for polarity and unsaturation effects. The treatments by Roberts and Steel and by Mayer have inspired the development of a simple treatment involving the thermodynamics of reactions, the difference between the reactant radical and product radical electronegativities, and the absence or presence of α-unsaturation. The three-parameter equation (ΔH⧧ = 0.52ΔHrxn(1 - d) - 0.35ΔχAB2 + 10.0, where d = 0.44 when there is α-unsaturation to the reacting C-H bond), correlates well with quantum mechanically computed barriers and shows the quantitative importance of the thermodynamics of reactions (dictated by the reactant and the product bond dissociation energies) and polar effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Siqi Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zeying Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Anjanay Nangia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Meng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yanmin Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guochao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ye Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Massimo Bietti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università ″Tor Vergata″, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 1 Rome I-00133, Italy
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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16
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Kumar M, Dar MA, Katiyar A, Agrawal R, Shenai P, Srinivasan V. Role of Magnetization on Catalytic Pathways of Non-Oxidative Methane Activation on Neutral Iron Carbide Clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11668-11679. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05769c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methane has emerged as a promising fuel due to its abundance and clean combustion properties. It is also a raw material for various value added chemicals. However, the conversion of...
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17
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Dong YJ, Zhu B, Liang YJ, Guan W, Su ZM. Origin and Regioselectivity of Direct Hydrogen Atom Transfer Mechanism of C(sp 3)-H Arylation by [W 10O 32] 4-/Ni Metallaphotoredox Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18706-18714. [PMID: 34823352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) have a broad array of applied platforms with well-characterized catalysis including photocatalysis to achieve aliphatic C(sp3)-H bond functionalization. However, the reaction mechanism of POMs in organic transformation remains unknown due to the complexity of POM structures. Here, a challenging [W10O32]4-/Ni metallaphotoredox-catalyzed C(sp3)-H arylation of alkane has been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculation revealed that the superficial active center located in bridged oxygen of *[W10O32]4- is responsible for the abstraction of a foreign hydrogen atom and the activation of a C(sp3)-H bond. Furthermore, we discussed this activated process using the direct activation model of the C(sp3)-H σ-bond to deepen our mechanistic understanding of POM mediated C-H bond activation via the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) pathway. Specifically, comparing three common mechanisms for nickel catalysis inducing by Ni0, NiI, and NiII to construct a C-C bond, the nickel catalytic cycle induced by the NiI active catalyst is profitable in kinetics and thermodynamics. Finally, a radical mechanism merging the ([W10O32]4--*[W10O32]4--[HW10O32]4--[W10O32]4-) decatungstate reductive quenching cycle, ([HW10O32]4--[H2W10O32]4--[HW10O32]4-) electron relay, and (NiI-NiII-NiI-NiIII-NiI) nickel catalytic cycle is proposed to be favorable. We hope that this work would provide a better understanding of the unique catalytic activity of decatungstate anions for the direct functionalization of the C(sp3)-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jiao Dong
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Min Su
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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18
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Wu L, Ge X, Tang SY, Zhou S. Methane Activation by the Heteronuclear Cluster [TiAlO 4] +: Direct Hydrogen Abstraction by a Nonradical Oxygen. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11730-11735. [PMID: 34851125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase reactions of [TiAlO4]+ with methane have been explored by using FT-ICR mass spectrometry complemented by quantum chemical calculations. Interestingly, the [TiAlO4]+ ions can activate two methane molecules continuously. Moreover, in contrast to the previous reports on gas-phase methane activation by metal oxide clusters, in which hydrogen-atom transfer and/or proton-coupled electron transfer prevail, a hydride transfer process dominates the [TiAlO4]+/CH4 system. The associated electronic origins have been discussed, and such a terminal metal-oxo active center as addressed in the [TiAlO4]+ cluster has proven to be promising in the construction of efficient catalysts concerning methane conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, 324000 Quzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xin Ge
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, 214122 Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Ya Tang
- SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Safety and Control for Chemicals, Qingdao 266000, P. R. China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, P. R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, 324000 Quzhou, P. R. China
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19
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Mu L, Yang Y, Liu J, Du W, Chen J, Shi G, Fang H. Hydrated cation-π interactions of π-electrons with hydrated Li +, Na +, and K + cations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14662-14670. [PMID: 34213518 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01609a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cation-π interactions are essential for many chemical, biological, and material processes, and these processes usually involve an aqueous salt solution. However, there is still a lack of a full understanding of the hydrated cation-π interactions between the hydrated cations and the aromatic ring structures on the molecular level. Here, we report a molecular picture of hydrated cation-π interactions, by using the calculations of density functional theory (DFT). Specifically, the graphene sheet can distort the hydration shell of the hydrated K+ to interact with K+ directly, which is hereafter called water-cation-π interactions. In contrast, the hydration shell of the hydrated Li+ is quite stable and the graphene sheet interacts with Li+ indirectly, mediated by water molecules, which we hereafter call the cation-water-π interactions. The behavior of hydrated cations adsorbed on a graphene surface is mainly attributed to the competition between the cation-π interactions and hydration effects. These findings provide valuable details of the structures and the adsorption energy of hydrated cations adsorbed onto the graphene surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Mu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yizhou Yang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wei Du
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jige Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China and Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Guosheng Shi
- Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute and State Key Lab. Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Haiping Fang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. and Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
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20
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"Soft" oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene: Mechanistic insights from combined experiment and theory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2012666118. [PMID: 34074750 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2012666118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene using gaseous disulfur (2CH4 + S2 → C2H4 + 2H2S) as an oxidant (SOCM) proceeds with promising selectivity. Here, we report detailed experimental and theoretical studies that examine the mechanism for the conversion of CH4 to C2H4 over an Fe3O4-derived FeS2 catalyst achieving a promising ethylene selectivity of 33%. We compare and contrast these results with those for the highly exothermic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) using O2 (2CH4 + O2 → C2H4 + 2H2O). SOCM kinetic/mechanistic analysis, along with density functional theory results, indicate that ethylene is produced as a primary product of methane activation, proceeding predominantly via CH2 coupling over dimeric S-S moieties that bridge Fe surface sites, and to a lesser degree, on heavily sulfided mononuclear sites. In contrast to and unlike OCM, the overoxidized CS2 by-product forms predominantly via CH4 oxidation, rather than from C2 products, through a series of C-H activation and S-addition steps at adsorbed sulfur sites on the FeS2 surface. The experimental rates for methane conversion are first order in both CH4 and S2, consistent with the involvement of two S sites in the rate-determining methane C-H activation step, with a CD4/CH4 kinetic isotope effect of 1.78. The experimental apparent activation energy for methane conversion is 66 ± 8 kJ/mol, significantly lower than for CH4 oxidative coupling with O2 The computed methane activation barrier, rate orders, and kinetic isotope values are consistent with experiment. All evidence indicates that SOCM proceeds via a very different pathway than that of OCM.
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21
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Xu J, Cao XM, Hu P. Perspective on computational reaction prediction using machine learning methods in heterogeneous catalysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11155-11179. [PMID: 33972971 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis plays a significant role in the modern chemical industry. Towards the rational design of novel catalysts, understanding reactions over surfaces is the most essential aspect. Typical industrial catalytic processes such as syngas conversion and methane utilisation can generate a large reaction network comprising thousands of intermediates and reaction pairs. This complexity not only arises from the permutation of transformations between species but also from the extra reaction channels offered by distinct surface sites. Despite the success in investigating surface reactions at the atomic scale, the huge computational expense of ab initio methods hinders the exploration of such complicated reaction networks. With the proliferation of catalysis studies, machine learning as an emerging tool can take advantage of the accumulated reaction data to emulate the output of ab initio methods towards swift reaction prediction. Here, we briefly summarise the conventional workflow of reaction prediction, including reaction network generation, ab initio thermodynamics and microkinetic modelling. An overview of the frequently used regression models in machine learning is presented. As a promising alternative to full ab initio calculations, machine learning interatomic potentials are highlighted. Furthermore, we survey applications assisted by these methods for accelerating reaction prediction, exploring reaction networks, and computational catalyst design. Finally, we envisage future directions in computationally investigating reactions and implementing machine learning algorithms in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Xiao-Ming Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.
| | - P Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK
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22
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Balyan S, Saini S, Khan TS, Pant KK, Gupta P, Bhattacharya S, Haider MA. Unravelling the reactivity of metastable molybdenum carbide nanoclusters in the C-H bond activation of methane, ethane and ethylene. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4451-4466. [PMID: 33404024 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
C-H bond activation steps in non-oxidative methane dehydroaromatization (MDA), constitute a key functionalization of the reactant and adsorbed species to form aromatics. Previous studies have focused on studying the energetics of these steps at the most stable active sites involving molybdenum carbide species. Herein, a different paradigm is presented via studying the reactivity of a metastable molybdenum carbide (Mo2C6) nanocluster for the C-H bond activation of methane, ethane, and ethylene and comparing it with the reactivity of the lowest energy Mo2C6 nanocluster. Interestingly, the metastable nanocluster is observed to result in a consistent reduction (by half) in the C-H bond activation barrier of the respective alkane and alkene molecules compared to the global minimum isomer. This specific metastable form of the nanocluster is identified from a cascade genetic algorithm search, which facilitated a rigorous scan of the potential energy surface. We attribute this significant lowering of the C-H bond activation barrier to unique co-planar orbital overlap between the reactant molecule and active centers on the metastable nanocluster. Based on geometrical and orbital analysis of the transition states arising during the C-H bond activation of methane, ethane, and ethylene, a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism is proposed that facilitated C-H bond cleavage. Motivated by the high reactivity for C-H bond activation observed on the metastable species, a contrasting framework to analyze the elementary-step rate contributions is presented. This is based on the statistical ensemble analysis of nanocluster isomers, where the calculated rates on respective isomers are normalized with respect to the Boltzmann probability distribution. From this framework, the metastable isomer is observed to provide significant contributions to the ensemble average representations of the rate constants calculated for C-H bond activation during the MDA reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonit Balyan
- Renewable Energy and Chemicals Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
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23
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Zhu X, Xu F, He Q, Xing Z, Zhang S, Zhang X. Detection of intermediates for diatomic [TaO]+ catalyzed gas-phase reaction of methane coupling to ethane and ethylene by ICP-MS/MS. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Zhao S, Ma L, Xi Y, Shang H, Lin X. Mechanistic insights into the C–H activation of methane mediated by the unsupported and silica-supported VO 2OH and CrOOH: a DFT study. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11295-11303. [PMID: 35423641 PMCID: PMC8695886 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10785a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct activation and conversion of methane has been a topic of interest in both academia and industry for several decades. Deep understanding of the corresponding mechanism and reactivity mediated by diverse catalytic clusters, as well as the supporting materials, is still highly desired. In this work, the regulation mechanism of C–H bond activation of methane, mediated by the closed-shell VO2OH, the open-shell CrOOH, and their silica supported clusters, has been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) reaction towards methane C–H bond activation is more feasible when mediated by the unsupported/silica-supported CrOOH clusters versus the VO2OH clusters, due to the intrinsic spin density located on the terminal Ot atom. The proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathways are regulated by both the nucleophilicity of the Ot site and the electrophilicity of the metal center, which show no obvious difference in energy consumption among the four reactions examined. Moreover, the introduction of a silica support can lead to subtle influences on the intermolecular interaction between the CH4 molecule and the catalyst cluster, as well as the thermodynamics of the methane C–H activation. The support effect of silica was studied with DFT for the C–H bond activation of methane on a V(v) or a Cr(iii) site. Both of the PCET and HAT mechanisms were computationally characterized.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Lishuang Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Xi
- College of Chemical Engineering
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing
| | - Hongyan Shang
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Science
- China University of Petroleum (East China)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
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25
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Jaglan R, Mandal D. The role of potential energy surface in quantum mechanical tunneling: A computational perspective. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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26
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McDonald II DC, Sweeny BC, Viggiano AA, Shuman NS, Ard SG. Role of Spin in the Catalytic Oxidation of CO by N2O Enabled by Co+: New Insights from Temperature-Dependent Kinetics and Statistical Modeling. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7966-7972. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c06960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brendan C. Sweeny
- Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Albert A. Viggiano
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Shuman
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, United States
| | - Shaun G. Ard
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, United States
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27
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Sweeny BC, McDonald DC, Ard SG, Viggiano AA, Shuman NS. Barrierless methane-to-methanol conversion: the unique mechanism of AlO . Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14544-14550. [PMID: 32589175 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of AlO+ + CH4 are studied from 300-500 K using a selected-ion flow tube. At all temperatures the reaction proceeds near the Langevin-Gioumousis-Stevenson collision rate with two product channels: hydrogen atom abstraction (AlOH+ + CH3, 86 ± 5%) and methanol formation (Al+ + CH3OH, 14 ± 5%). Density functional calculations show the key Al-CH3OH+ intermediate is formed barrierlessly via a mechanism unique to aluminum, avoiding the rate-limiting step common to other MO+. The reaction of Al2O3+ + CH4 follows a similar mechanism to that for AlO+ through to the key intermediate; however, the conversion to methanol occurs only for AlO+ due to favorable energetics attributed to a weaker Al+-CH3OH bond. Importantly, that bond strength may be tuned independent of competing product channels by altering the acidity of the Al with electron-withdrawing or donating groups, indicating a key design criteria to develop a real world Al-atom catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C Sweeny
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - David C McDonald
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Shaun G Ard
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, USA.
| | - Albert A Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, USA.
| | - Nicholas S Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico 87117, USA.
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28
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Li J, Geng C, Weiske T, Schwarz H. On the Crucial Role of Isolated Electronic States in the Thermal Reaction of ReC + with Dihydrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9370-9376. [PMID: 32181571 PMCID: PMC7317438 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Presented here is that isolated, long‐lived electronic states of ReC+ serve as the root cause for distinctly different reactivities of this diatomic ion in the thermal activation of dihydrogen. Detailed high‐level quantum chemical calculations support the experimental findings obtained in the highly diluted gas phase using FT‐ICR mass spectrometry. The origin for the existence of these long‐lived excited electronic states and the resulting implications for the varying mechanisms of dihydrogen splitting are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, 130023, Changchun, China
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Li J, Geng C, Weiske T, Schwarz H. On the Crucial Role of Isolated Electronic States in the Thermal Reaction of ReC
+
with Dihydrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University 130023 Changchun China
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Germany
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30
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Zhu B, Ehara M, Sakaki S. Propene oxidation catalysis and electronic structure of M 55 particles (M = Pd or Rh): differences and similarities between Pd 55 and Rh 55. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:11783-11796. [PMID: 32215421 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00169d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Propene oxidation is one of the important reactions that occurs in the presence of a three-way catalyst but its reaction mechanism is unclear. The reaction mechanisms and differences in catalysis between Pd and Rh particles were investigated by DFT calculations employing Pd55 and Rh55 as the model catalysts. The O-attack mechanism, in which the O atom adsorbed on the Pd55 and Rh55 surfaces attacks the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C double bond of propene, needs to overcome a large activation barrier (Ea). On the other hand, C-H bond cleavage of the methyl group of propene easily occurs with moderate Ea; the mechanism initiated by this C-H activation is named H-transfer mechanism. In this mechanism, the next step is allyl alcohol formation, followed by the second C-H bond activation of the CH2OH species of allyl alcohol, and the final step is proton transfer from OH-substituted π-allyl species to the OH group on the metal surface to yield acrolein and water molecules with the regeneration of M55. The rate-determining step is the second C-H bond activation. Its Ea is 17.4 kcal mol-1 for the reaction on Pd55 and 34.4 kcal mol-1 for the reaction on Rh55. These results indicate that Pd particles are more active than Rh particles in propene oxidation, which agrees with the experimental findings. The larger Ea for Rh55 than that for Pd55 arises from the stronger Rh-OH bond than the Pd-OH bond. The higher energy d-valence band-top of Rh55 than that of Pd55 is the origin of the stronger Rh-OH bond than the Pd-OH bond. Thus, the d-valence band-top energy is an important property for understanding and designing catalysts for alkene oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, 1-30 Goryo-Ohara, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan.
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31
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Akhade SA, Winkelman A, Lebarbier Dagle V, Kovarik L, Yuk SF, Lee MS, Zhang J, Padmaperuma AB, Dagle RA, Glezakou VA, Wang Y, Rousseau R. Influence of Ag metal dispersion on the thermal conversion of ethanol to butadiene over Ag-ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts. J Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Chen XR, Zhang SQ, Meyer TH, Yang CH, Zhang QH, Liu JR, Xu HJ, Cao FH, Ackermann L, Hong X. Carboxylate breaks the arene C-H bond via a hydrogen-atom-transfer mechanism in electrochemical cobalt catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5790-5796. [PMID: 34094081 PMCID: PMC8159317 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01898h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined computational and experimental studies elucidated the distinctive mechanistic features of electrochemical cobalt-catalyzed C-H oxygenation. A sequential electrochemical-chemical (EC) process was identified for the formation of an amidylcobalt(iii) intermediate. The synthesis, characterization, cyclic voltammetry studies, and stoichiometric reactions of the related amidylcobalt(iii) intermediate suggested that a second on-cycle electro-oxidation occurs on the amidylcobalt(iii) species, which leads to a formal Co(iv) intermediate. This amidylcobalt(iv) intermediate is essentially a cobalt(iii) complex with one additional single electron distributed on the coordinating heteroatoms. The radical nature of the coordinating pivalate allows the formal Co(iv) intermediate to undergo a novel carboxylate-assisted HAT mechanism to cleave the arene C-H bond, and a CMD mechanism could be excluded for a Co(iii/i) catalytic scenario. The mechanistic understanding of electrochemical cobalt-catalyzed C-H bond activation highlights the multi-tasking electro-oxidation and the underexplored reaction channels in electrochemical transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Shuo-Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Chun-Hui Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China
| | - Qin-Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Ji-Ren Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Hua-Jian Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China
| | - Fa-He Cao
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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33
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Zhang J, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R, Nguyen MT. NWPEsSe: An Adaptive-Learning Global Optimization Algorithm for Nanosized Cluster Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:3947-3958. [PMID: 32364725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Global optimization constitutes an important and fundamental problem in theoretical studies in many chemical fields, such as catalysis, materials, or separations problems. In this paper, a novel algorithm has been developed for the global optimization of large systems including neat and ligated clusters in the gas phase and supported clusters in periodic boundary conditions. The method is based on an updated artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm method, that allows for adaptive-learning during the search process. The new algorithm is tested against four classes of systems of diverse chemical nature: gas phase Au55, ligated Au82+, Au8 supported on graphene oxide and defected rutile, and a large cluster assembly [Co6Te8(PEt3)6][C60]n, with sizes ranging between 1 and 3 nm and containing up to 1300 atoms. Reliable global minima (GMs) are obtained for all cases, either confirming published data or reporting new lower energy structures. The algorithm and interface to other codes in the form of an independent program, Northwest Potential Energy Search Engine (NWPEsSe), is freely available, and it provides a powerful and efficient approach for global optimization of nanosized cluster systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Roger Rousseau
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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34
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Barona M, Gaggioli CA, Gagliardi L, Snurr RQ. DFT Study on the Catalytic Activity of ALD-Grown Diiron Oxide Nanoclusters for Partial Oxidation of Methane to Methanol. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:1580-1592. [PMID: 32017850 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b11835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Using density functional theory (DFT), we studied the catalytic activity of iron oxide nanoclusters that mimic the structure of the active site in the soluble form of methane monooxygenase (sMMO) for the partial oxidation of methane to methanol. Using N2O as the oxidant, we consider a radical-rebound mechanism and a concerted mechanism for the oxidation of methane on either a bridging oxygen (Ob) or a terminal oxygen (Ot) active site. We find that the radical-rebound pathway is preferred over the concerted pathway by 40-50 kJ/mol, but the desorption of methanol and the regeneration of the oxygen site are found to be the highest barriers for the direct conversion of methane to methanol with these catalysts. As demonstrated by a population analysis, the Ox (x = b or t) site behaves as an oxygen radical during the H abstraction, and the [Fe+-Ox-] site behaves as a Lewis acid-base pair during the concerted C-H cleavage. Molecular orbital decomposition analysis further demonstrates electron transfer during the oxidation and reduction steps of the reaction. High-level multireference calculations were also carried out to further assess the DFT results. Understanding how these systems behave during the proposed reaction pathways provides new insights into how they can be tuned for methane partial oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Barona
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Carlo Alberto Gaggioli
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Randall Q Snurr
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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35
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Sweeny BC, Pan H, Kassem A, Sawyer JC, Ard SG, Shuman NS, Viggiano AA, Brickel S, Unke OT, Upadhyay M, Meuwly M. Thermal activation of methane by MgO+: temperature dependent kinetics, reactive molecular dynamics simulations and statistical modeling. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8913-8923. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00668h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics methane activation (MgO+ + CH4) was studied experimentally and computationally by running and analyzing reactive atomistic simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C. Sweeny
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Hanqing Pan
- USRA Space Scholar at Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Asmaa Kassem
- USRA Space Scholar at Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Jordan C. Sawyer
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Shaun G. Ard
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Nicholas S. Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | - Albert A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Space Vehicles Directorate
- Kirtland Air Force Base
- USA
| | | | - Oliver T. Unke
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Meenu Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Markus Meuwly
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Basel
- CH-4056 Basel
- Switzerland
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36
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Ard SG, Sweeny BC, McDonald DC, Viggiano AA, Shuman NS. Quantifying the Competition between Intersystem Crossing and Spin-Conserved Pathways in the Thermal Reaction of V+ + N2O. J Phys Chem A 2019; 124:30-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaun G. Ard
- Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Brendan C. Sweeny
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117, United States
| | - David C. McDonald
- NRC Postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117, United States
| | - Albert A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117, United States
| | - Nicholas S. Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87117, United States
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37
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Geng C, Li J, Weiske T, Schwarz H. A Reaction-Induced Localization of Spin Density Enables Thermal C-H Bond Activation of Methane by Pristine FeC 4. Chemistry 2019; 25:12940-12945. [PMID: 31268193 PMCID: PMC6852486 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the cationic metal-carbon cluster FeC4 + towards methane has been studied experimentally using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and computationally by high-level quantum chemical calculations. At room temperature, FeC4 H+ is formed as the main ionic product, and the experimental findings are substantiated by labeling experiments. According to extensive quantum chemical calculations, the C-H bond activation step proceeds through a radical-based hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) mechanism. This finding is quite unexpected because the initial spin density at the terminal carbon atom of FeC4 + , which serves as the hydrogen acceptor site, is low. However, in the course of forming an encounter complex, an electron from the doubly occupied sp-orbital of the terminal carbon atom of FeC4 + migrates to the singly occupied π*-orbital; the latter is delocalized over the entire carbon chain. Thus, a highly localized spin density is generated in situ at the terminal carbon atom. Consequently, homolytic C-H bond activation occurs without the obligation to pay a considerable energy penalty that is usually required for HAT involving closed-shell acceptor sites. The mechanistic insights provided by this combined experimental/computational study extend the understanding of methane activation by transition-metal carbides and add a new facet to the dizzying mechanistic landscape of hydrogen-atom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Geng
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, 130023, Changchun, P. R. China.,Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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38
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Complete cleavage of the N≡N triple bond by Ta 2N + via degenerate ligand exchange at ambient temperature: A perfect catalytic cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:21416-21420. [PMID: 31591230 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913664116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented, spontaneous, and complete cleavage of the triple bond of N2 in the thermal reaction of 15N2 with Ta2 14N+ was observed experimentally by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; mechanistic aspects of the degenerate ligand exchange were addressed by high-level quantum chemical calculations. The "hidden" dis- and reassembly of N2, mediated by Ta2N+, constitutes a full catalytic cycle. A frontier orbital analysis reveals that the scission of the N2 triple bond is essentially governed by the donation of d-electrons from the 2 metal centers into antibonding π*-orbitals of N2 and by the concurrent migration of electrons from bonding π- and σ-orbitals of N2 into empty d-orbitals of the metals. This work may contribute to a rational design of catalysts in order to reduce the still enormous energy demand required for an artificial dinitrogen activation.
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39
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Troiani A, Salvitti C, de Petris G. Gas-Phase Reactivity of Carbonate Ions with Sulfur Dioxide: an Experimental Study of Clusters Reactions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1964-1972. [PMID: 31286448 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of carbonate cluster ions with sulfur dioxide has been investigated in the gas phase by mass spectrometric techniques. SO2 promotes the displacement of carbon dioxide from carbonate clusters through a stepwise mechanism, leading to the quantitative conversion of the carbonate aggregates into the corresponding sulfite cluster ions. The kinetic study of the reactions of positive, negative, singly, and doubly charged ions reveals very fast and efficient processes for all the carbonate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Troiani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Salvitti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia de Petris
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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40
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Liebov NS, Goldberg JM, Boaz NC, Coutard N, Kalman SE, Zhuang T, Groves JT, Gunnoe TB. Selective Photo‐Oxygenation of Light Alkanes Using Iodine Oxides and Chloride. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nichole S. Liebov
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA
| | | | - Nicholas C. Boaz
- Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
- Department of Chemistry North Central College Naperville IL 60540 USA
| | - Nathan Coutard
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA
| | - Steven E. Kalman
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA
- Chemistry Program School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Stockton University Galloway NJ 08205 USA
| | - Thompson Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - John T. Groves
- Department of Chemistry Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA
| | - T. Brent Gunnoe
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA
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41
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Tian T, Sun X, Weiske T, Cai Y, Geng C, Li J, Schwarz H. Reassessment of the Mechanisms of Thermal C-H Bond Activation of Methane by Cationic Magnesium Oxides: A Critical Evaluation of the Suitability of Different Density Functionals. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1812-1821. [PMID: 31120181 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the thermal reactions of the two iconic magnesium oxide cations MgO.+ and Mg2 O2 .+ with methane have been re-evaluated at the CCSD(T)/CBS//CCSD/def2-TZVP level of theory. For the reaction of MgO.+ with CH4 , only the classical hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) was found; in contrast, for the Mg2 O2 .+ /CH4 couple, both HAT and proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) exist as mechanistic variants. In order to evaluate the suitability of density functional theory (DFT) methods, the reactions were computed by using 27 density functionals. The results obtained demonstrate that the various DFT methods often deliver rather different results for both geometric and energetic features. As to the prediction of the apparent barriers, pure functionals give the largest mean absolute errors. BMK, ωB97XD, and the double-hybrid functional mPW2PLYP were confirmed to come closest to the results provided by CCSD(T)/CBS. Thus, mechanistic conclusions based on a single DFT method should be viewed with great caution. In summary, this study may assist in the selection of a suitable quantum chemical method to unravel the mechanistic details of C-H bond activation by charged metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuxi Cai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, People's Republic of China.,Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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42
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Pascher TF, Ončák M, van der Linde C, Beyer MK. Release of Formic Acid from Copper Formate: Hydride, Proton-Coupled Electron and Hydrogen Atom Transfer All Play their Role. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1420-1424. [PMID: 30958610 PMCID: PMC6563433 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although the mechanism for the transformation of carbon dioxide to formate with copper hydride is well understood, it is not clear how formic acid is ultimately released. Herein, we show how formic acid is formed in the decomposition of the copper formate clusters Cu(II)(HCOO)3- and Cu(II)2 (HCOO)5- . Infrared irradiation resonant with the antisymmetric C-O stretching mode activates the cluster, resulting in the release of formic acid and carbon dioxide. For the binary cluster, electronic structure calculations indicate that CO2 is eliminated first, through hydride transfer from formate to copper. Formic acid is released via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) to a second formate ligand, evidenced by close to zero partial charge and spin density at the hydrogen atom in the transition state. Concomitantly, the two copper centers are reduced from Cu(II) to Cu(I). Depending on the detailed situation, either PCET or hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias F. Pascher
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Milan Ončák
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Christian van der Linde
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Martin K. Beyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikUniversität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
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43
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Sweeny BC, Pan H, Ard SG, Shuman NS, Viggiano AA. On the Role of Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) in Thermal Activation of Methane by MnO+: Entropy vs. Energy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The temperature dependent kinetics and product branching fractions of first-row transition metal oxide cation MnO+ with CH4 and CD4 at temperatures between 200 and 600 K are measured using a selected-ion flow tube apparatus. Likely reaction mechanisms are determined by comparison of temperature dependent kinetics to statistical modeling along calculated reaction coordinates. The data is well-modeled with the reaction proceeding over a rate limiting four-centered transition state leading to an insertion intermediate, similar to reactions of NiO+ and FeO+, and showing characteristics of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET). However, a more direct pathway traversing a transition state of hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) character to a hydroxyl intermediate is found to possibly be competitive, especially with increasing temperature. While uncertainties in calculated energetics limit quantitative assessment of the role of HAT at thermal energies, it is clear that this mechanism becomes increasingly prevalent in higher energy regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C. Sweeny
- NRC postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Hanqing Pan
- USRA Space Scholar at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Shaun G. Ard
- Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College , Boston, MA 02467 , USA
| | - Nicholas S. Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
| | - Albert A. Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base , New Mexico 87117 , USA
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44
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Oda A, Ohkubo T, Yumura T, Kobayashi H, Kuroda Y. Room-Temperature Activation of the C-H Bond in Methane over Terminal Zn II-Oxyl Species in an MFI Zeolite: A Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Study of the Reactive Frontier Molecular Orbitals and Their Origins. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:327-338. [PMID: 30495931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenase reactivity toward selective partial oxidation of CH4 to CH3OH requires an atomic oxygen-radical bound to metal (M-O•: oxyl intermediate) that is capable of abstracting an H atom from the significantly strong C-H bond in CH4. Because such a reaction is frequently observed in metal-doped zeolites, it has been recognized that the zeolite provides an environment that stabilizes the M-O• intermediate. However, no experimental data of M-O• have so far been discovered in the zeolite; thus, little is known about the correlation among the state of M-O•, its reactivity for CH4, and the nature of the zeolite environment. Here, we report a combined spectroscopic and computational study of the room-temperature activation of CH4 over ZnII-O• in the MFI zeolite. One ZnII-O• species does perform H-abstraction from CH4 at room temperature. The resultant CH3• species reacts with the other ZnII-O• site to form the ZnII-OCH3 species. The H2O-assisted extraction of surface methoxide yields 29 μmol g-1 of CH3OH with a 94% selectivity. The quantum mechanics (QM)/molecular mechanics (MM) calculation determined the central step as the oxyl-mediated hydrogen atom transfer which requires an activation energy of only 10 kJ mol-1. On the basis of the findings in gas-phase experiments regarding the CH4 activation by the free [M-O•]+ species, the remarkable H-abstraction reactivity of the ZnII-O• species in zeolites was totally rationalized. Additionally, the experimentally validated QM/MM calculation revealed that the zeolite lattice has potential as the ligand to enhance the polarization of the M-O• bond and thereby enables to create effectively the highly reactive M-O• bond required for low-temperature activation of CH4. The present study proposes that tuning of the polarization effect of the anchoring site over heterogeneous catalysts is the valuable way to create the oxyl-based functionality on the heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oda
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology , Japan Science and Technology Agency , 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi , Saitama 332-0012 , Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
| | - Takashi Yumura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology , Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 , Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Technology , Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 , Japan
| | - Yasushige Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Okayama University , 3-1-1 Tsushima , Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530 , Japan
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Maeno Z, Yasumura S, Liu C, Toyao T, Kon K, Nakayama A, Hasegawa JY, Shimizu KI. Experimental and theoretical study of multinuclear indium–oxo clusters in CHA zeolite for CH4 activation at room temperature. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13415-13427. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01873e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The local structure of CHA-zeolite supported indium–oxo clusters and CH4 activation at room temperature were experimentally and theoretically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zen Maeno
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | | | - Chong Liu
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Takashi Toyao
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries
| | - Kenichi Kon
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Akira Nakayama
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
- JST
| | - Jun-ya Hasegawa
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries
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Geng C, Weiske T, Li J, Shaik S, Schwarz H. Intrinsic Reactivity of Diatomic 3d Transition-Metal Carbides in the Thermal Activation of Methane: Striking Electronic Structure Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:599-610. [PMID: 30520302 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanistic aspects of the C-H bond activation of methane by metal-carbide cations MC+ of the 3d transition-metals Sc-Zn were elucidated by NEVPT2//CASSCF quantum-chemical calculations and verified experimentally for M = Ti, V, Fe, and Cu by using Fourier transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. While MC+ species with M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Cu, and Zn activate CH4 at ambient temperature, this is prevented with carbide cations of M = Mn, Fe, and Co by high apparent barriers; NiC+ has a small apparent barrier. Hydrogen-atom transfers from methane to metal-carbide cations were found to proceed via a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism for M = Sc-Co; wherein the doubly occupied πxz/yz-orbitals between metal and carbon at the carbon site serve as electron donors and the corresponding metal-centered vacant π*xz/yz-orbitals as electron acceptors. Classical hydrogen-atom transfer transpires only in the case of NiC+, while ZnC+ follows a mechanistic scenario, in which a formally hydridic hydrogen is transferred. CuC+ reacts by a synchronous activation of two C-H bonds. While spin density is often so crucial for the reactions of numerous MO+/CH4 couples, it is much less important for the C-H bond activation by carbide cations of the 3d transition-metals, in which one notes large changes in bond dissociation energies, spin states, number of d-electrons, and charge distributions. All these factors jointly affect both the reactivity of the metal carbides and their mechanisms of C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Geng
- Institut für Chemie , Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 115 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für Chemie , Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 115 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130023 , People's Republic of China.,Institut für Chemie , Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 115 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry , The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 9190401 Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie , Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 115 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
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Liu S, Cheng J, Li Q, Li W. Gas-phase activation of methane with PtOH+. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yue L, Wang N, Zhou S, Sun X, Schlangen M, Schwarz H. Elektrisches Feld als “smarter” Ligandenersatz zur kontrollierten thermischen Aktivierung von Methan und molekularem Wasserstoff. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yue
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Na Wang
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology; College of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Zhejiang University; 310027 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Maria Schlangen
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie; Technische Universität Berlin; Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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Ta 2 +-mediated ammonia synthesis from N 2 and H 2 at ambient temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:11680-11687. [PMID: 30352846 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1814610115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In a full catalytic cycle, bare Ta2 + in the highly diluted gas phase is able to mediate the formation of ammonia in a Haber-Bosch-like process starting from N2 and H2 at ambient temperature. This finding is the result of extensive quantum chemical calculations supported by experiments using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS. The planar Ta2N2 +, consisting of a four-membered ring of alternating Ta and N atoms, proved to be a key intermediate. It is formed in a highly exothermic process either by the reaction of Ta2 + with N2 from the educt side or with two molecules of NH3 from the product side. In the thermal reaction of Ta2 + with N2, the N≡N triple bond of dinitrogen is entirely broken. A detailed analysis of the frontier orbitals involved in the rate-determining step shows that this unexpected reaction is accomplished by the interplay of vacant and doubly occupied d-orbitals, which serve as both electron acceptors and electron donors during the cleavage of the triple bond of N≡N by the ditantalum center. The ability of Ta2 + to serve as a multipurpose tool is further shown by splitting the single bond of H2 in a less exothermic reaction as well. The insight into the microscopic mechanisms obtained may provide guidance for the rational design of polymetallic catalysts to bring about ammonia formation by the activation of molecular nitrogen and hydrogen at ambient conditions.
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Pellizzeri S, Barona M, Bernales V, Miró P, Liao P, Gagliardi L, Snurr RQ, Getman RB. Catalytic descriptors and electronic properties of single-site catalysts for ethene dimerization to 1-butene. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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