1
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Puigcerver J, Zamora-Gallego JM, Marin-Luna M, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J. Urea-Based [2]Rotaxanes as Effective Phase-Transfer Organocatalysts: Hydrogen-Bonding Cooperative Activation Enabled by the Mechanical Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:22887-22892. [PMID: 38975636 PMCID: PMC11345763 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
We finely designed a set of [2]rotaxanes with urea threads and tested them as hydrogen-bonding phase-transfer catalysts in two different nucleophilic substitutions requiring the activation of the reactant fluoride anion. The [2]rotaxane bearing a fluorinated macrocycle and a fluorine-containing urea thread displayed significantly enhanced catalytic activity in comparison with the combination of both noninterlocked components. This fact highlights the notably beneficial role of the mechanical bond, cooperatively activating the processes through hydrogen-bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Puigcerver
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Regional Campus of International
Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Zamora-Gallego
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Regional Campus of International
Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Marin-Luna
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Regional Campus of International
Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Regional Campus of International
Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento
de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica, Regional Campus of International
Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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2
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Scesa PD, Roche SP, West L. Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Providencin and Its Unexpected Regioisomer via a Biomimetic Norrish-Yang Cyclization from (-)-Bipinnatin E. Org Lett 2024; 26:1123-1127. [PMID: 38096813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A biomimetic semisynthesis of the diterpenoid (+)-providencin (2) and the unexpected novel C14 regioisomer 3 was achieved by photoirradiation of the proposed biosynthetic cembranoid precursor (-)-bipinnatin E (1). The absolute configuration assignments of 1 and 2 by correlation were established by X-ray analysis. A combination of NOESY data and photochemical reaction results revealed that both C2 and C14 positions of the macrocycle (-)-1 are suitable for hydrogen abstraction, thus affording an explanation to the mixture of cyclobutane photoproduct isomers obtained by a Norrish-Yang cyclization. These results also support the proposed biosynthetic hypothesis describing the genuine photochemical transformation of (-)-1 into (+)-2, without refuting that both regioisomer products 2/3 might be artifacts of isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Scesa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Stéphane P Roche
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Lyndon West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
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3
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Yoneda N, Iyama H, Nagata T, Katahira M, Ishii Y, Tada K, Matsumoto K, Hagiwara R. Fluoride Ion in Alcohols: Isopropanol vs Hexafluoroisopropanol. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1677-1685. [PMID: 38315662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The utility of alcohol as a hydrogen bonding donor is considered a providential avenue for moderating the high basicity and reactivity of the fluoride ion, typically used with large cations. However, the practicality of alcohol-fluoride systems in reactions is hampered by the limited understanding of the pertinent interactions between the OH group and F-. Therefore, this study comparatively investigates the thermal, structural, and physical properties of the CsF-2-propanol and CsF-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol systems to explicate the effects of the fluoroalkyl group on the interaction of alcohols and F-. The two systems exhibit vastly different phase diagrams despite the similar saturated concentrations. A combination of spectroscopic analyses, alcohol activity coefficient measurements, and theoretical calculations reveal the fluorinated alcohol system harbors the stronger OH···F- interactions between the two systems. The diffusion coefficient and ionic conductivity measurements attribute the present results to disparate states of ion association in the two systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Yoneda
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Haruka Iyama
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagata
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masato Katahira
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- School of Frontier Engineering, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitazato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kohei Tada
- Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Rika Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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4
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Jung Heo N, Lynch VM, Gross DE, Sessler JL, Kuk Kim S. Diphenylpyrrole-Strapped Calix[4]pyrrole Extractant for the Fluoride and Chloride Anions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302410. [PMID: 37639280 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The anion binding features of diphenylpyrrole-strapped calix[4]pyrrole 1 have been investigated by means of 1 H NMR spectroscopy and ITC (isothermal titration calorimetry), as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Receptor 1 bearing an auxiliary pyrrolic NH donor and solubilizing phenyl groups on the strap was found to bind F- , Cl- , and Br- as their tetrabutylammonium salts with high affinity in DMSO-d6 . In addition, receptor 1 was found to extract the fluoride anion (as both its tetraethylammonium (TEA+ ) and tetrabutylammonium (TBA+ ) salts), as well as the chloride anion into chloroform-d from an aqueous source phase. Cation metathesis using TBAI or the use of a dual host approach involving crown ethers enabled receptor 1 to extract simple alkali metal fluoride or chloride salts from water. Quantitative binding of NaF by receptor 1 was observed in 20 % D2 O-DMSO-d6 allowing for the direct determination of the NaF concentration in an unknown sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Jung Heo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, Institution The University of Texas at Austin, 2105 E. 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Dustin E Gross
- Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas, USA
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, Institution The University of Texas at Austin, 2105 E. 24th Street-Stop A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Sung Kuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Korea
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5
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Bui DT, Kubíčková L, Kuličková J, Bouř P, Kessler J, Řezanka P, Kaman O. Gold nanoshells with magnetic cores and a urea-based receptor for SERS sensing of fluoride anions: experimental and computational study. Analyst 2023; 148:5070-5083. [PMID: 37668375 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00625e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The study demonstrates that a combination of plasmonic nanostructures and artificial receptors can be applied for sensing small molecular species. Gold nanoshells containing magnetic cores are used as the SERS-active substrates, which opens the way for the development of multimodal contrast agents with applicability extended to sensing or for the separation of analytes by magnetic solid-phase extraction. Disubstituted ureas forming hydrogen-bonded complexes with certain anions can be employed as molecular sensors. In this case study, gold nanoshells with silica-coated Mn-Zn ferrite cores were prepared by a multistep procedure. The nanoshells were co-functionalized with an N-(4-mercaptophenyl)-N'-(4-nitrophenyl)urea sensor synthesized directly on the gold surface, and with 4-nitrothiophenol, which is adopted as an internal standard. SERS measurements were carried out with acetonitrile solutions of tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Bu4NF) over a concentration range of 10-10-10-1 mol L-1. The spectral response of the sensor is dependent on the fluoride concentration in the range of 10-5-10-1 mol L-1. To investigate further the SERS mechanism, a model sensor, N-(4-bromophenyl)-N'-(4-nitrophenyl)urea, was synthesized and used in Raman spectroscopy with solutions of Bu4NF, up to a molar ratio of 1 : 20. The spectra and the interactions between the sensors and fluoride anions were also studied by extensive DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thuy Bui
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kubíčková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, V Holešovičkách 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jarmila Kuličková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Bouř
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Kessler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 160 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Řezanka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kaman
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic.
- Fachbereich Chemie, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 54, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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6
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Ali SM, Sk S, Sengupta A, Santra S, Barman S, Sepay N, Molla MR. Anion-assisted supramolecular polymerization of luminescent organic π-conjugated chromophores in a moderately polar solvent: tunable nanostructures and their corresponding effects on electronic properties. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14866-14876. [PMID: 37646513 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers of π-conjugated organic chromophores have emerged as promising candidates in organic electronics because of their dynamic and highly ordered molecular organization. Herein, we demonstrate the formation of luminescent, highly conducting supramolecular polymers of a functionalized naphthalimide π-chromophore-based organic semiconductor in a moderately polar organic solvent (tetrahydrofuran) by overcoming solute-solvent H-bonding via assistance from fluoride anions. The polymerization is exclusively guided by the synergistic effects of cascade H-bonding (F-⋯H-N- of primary amines, followed by -CO⋯H-N- of amides), π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions. An increasing molar equivalent of anions leads to a morphology transition from 1D nanowires to 2D nanosheets via nanotubes and nanorings, but above a particular threshold of the same anion, depolymerization-mediated disruption of long-range order and formation of non-luminescent spherical particles was observed. Such significant impacts of anions in supramolecular polymerization-depolymerization were utilized in modulating the electronic properties of this naphthalimide-based organic semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Mursed Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India.
| | - Sujauddin Sk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India.
| | - Ankita Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India
| | - Subrata Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India.
| | - Souvik Barman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India.
| | - Nayim Sepay
- Department of Chemistry, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Kolkata, West Bengal-700017, India
| | - Mijanur Rahaman Molla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700009, India.
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7
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Yang H, Wang S, Wang J, Xu X, Li X. Gold catalyzed hydrofluorination of propargyl alcohols promoted by fluorine-hydrogen bonding. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37401374 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02275g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The hydroxyl group was discovered to promote gold catalyzed hydrofluorination of alkynes via hydrogen bonding interaction. Based on this strategy, propargyl alcohols could be hydrofluorinated smoothly using Et3N·3HF under acidic additive-free conditions, which provided a straightforward alternative protocol for the synthesis of 3-fluoroallyl alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Shaowen Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangsheng Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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8
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Leibler INM, Gandhi SS, Tekle-Smith MA, Doyle AG. Strategies for Nucleophilic C(sp 3)-(Radio)Fluorination. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9928-9950. [PMID: 37094357 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective surveys the progress and current limitations of nucleophilic fluorination methodologies. Despite the long and rich history of C(sp3)-F bond construction in chemical research, the inherent challenges associated with this transformation have largely constrained nucleophilic fluorination to a privileged reaction platform. In recent years, the Doyle group─along with many others─has pursued the study and development of this transformation with the intent of generating deeper mechanistic understanding, developing user-friendly fluorination reagents, and contributing to the invention of synthetic methods capable of enabling radiofluorination. Studies from our laboratory are discussed along with recent developments from others in this field. Fluoride reagent development and the mechanistic implications of reagent identity are highlighted. We also outline the chemical space inaccessible by current synthetic technologies and a series of future directions in the field that can potentially fill the existing dark spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shivaani S Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Makeda A Tekle-Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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9
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Horwitz MA, Dürr AB, Afratis K, Chen Z, Soika J, Christensen KE, Fushimi M, Paton RS, Gouverneur V. Regiodivergent Nucleophilic Fluorination under Hydrogen Bonding Catalysis: A Computational and Experimental Study. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9708-9717. [PMID: 37079853 PMCID: PMC10161234 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The controlled programming of regiochemical outcomes in nucleophilic fluorination reactions with alkali metal fluoride is a problem yet to be solved. Herein, two synergistic approaches exploiting hydrogen bonding catalysis are presented. First, we demonstrate that modulating the charge density of fluoride with a hydrogen-bond donor urea catalyst directly influences the kinetic regioselectivity in the fluorination of dissymmetric aziridinium salts with aryl and ester substituents. Moreover, we report a urea-catalyzed formal dyotropic rearrangement, a thermodynamically controlled regiochemical editing process consisting of C-F bond scission followed by fluoride rebound. These findings offer a route to access enantioenriched fluoroamine regioisomers from a single chloroamine precursor, and more generally, new opportunities in regiodivergent asymmetric (bis)urea-based organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Horwitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Alexander B Dürr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Konstantinos Afratis
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Zijun Chen
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Julia Soika
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Makoto Fushimi
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80528, United States
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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10
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Abstract
Fluorinated carbohydrates have found many applications in the glycosciences. Typically, these contain fluorination at a single position. There are not many applications involving polyfluorinated carbohydrates, here defined as monosaccharides in which more than one carbon has at least one fluorine substituent directly attached to it, with the notable exception of their use as mechanism-based inhibitors. The increasing attention to carbohydrate physical properties, especially around lipophilicity, has resulted in a surge of interest for this class of compounds. This review covers the considerable body of work toward the synthesis of polyfluorinated hexoses, pentoses, ketosugars, and aminosugars including sialic acids and nucleosides. An overview of the current state of the art of their glycosidation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kler Huonnic
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.
- Department
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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11
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Sun Z, Yu C, Zhang N, Li L, Jiao Y, Thiruvengadam P, Wu D, Zhang F. Divergent Synthesis of Double Heterohelicenes as Strong Chiral Double Hydrogen-Bonding Donors. Org Lett 2022; 24:6670-6675. [PMID: 36054286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed a very efficient and expandable divergent approach initiated by a direct electrophilic borylation at phenyl rings to synthesize a series of double heterohelicenes. Their π-extended structures with pristine zigzag nitrogen (N)-boron (B)-nitrogen (N) edges offer them substantial physical properties and strong double hydrogen-bond donating capability. The isolated (P,P) and (M,M) enantiomers exhibit circularly polarized luminescence in response to hydrogen-bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuobang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ningjin Zhang
- Instrumental Analytical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Li
- Instrumental Analytical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Palani Thiruvengadam
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Dongqing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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12
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Sander S, Braun T. Platinum-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Alkynes: Hydrogen Bonding to Indolylphosphine Ligands to Provide Fluoride Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204678. [PMID: 35420731 PMCID: PMC9401575 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of the Pt complexes cis-[Pt(CH3 )2 {R2 P(Ind)}2 ] (Ind=2-(3-methyl)indolyl, R=Ph (1 a), 4-FC6 H4 (1 b), 4-CF3 C6 H4 (1 c)) with HF afforded the fluorido complexes trans-[Pt(F(HF)2 )(CH3 ){R2 P(Ind)}2 ] 2 a-c, which can be converted into trans-[Pt(F)(CH3 ){R2 P(Ind)}2 ] (3 a-c) by treatment with CsF. Addition of 3-hexyne to 2 a-c gave alkyne complexes trans-[Pt(C,C-η2 -C2 H5 C≡CC2 H5 )(CH3 ){R2 P(Ind)}2 {F(HF)2 }] (4 a-c) at which a fluoride is stabilised as polyfluoride in the coordination sphere by hydrogen bonding to the indolyl-substituted phosphine ligands. Subsequent heating of a solution of 4 a in the presence of PVPHF led to fluoroalkene formation. Selective catalytic hydrofluorination of alkynes to yield (Z)-fluoroalkenes were developed. The ability of hydrogen bonding to polyfluoride favours the fluorination step as demonstrated by studies with complexes bearing no indolyl groups at the phosphine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sander
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Braun
- Department of ChemistryHumboldt Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
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13
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York E, McNaughton DA, Roseblade A, Cranfield CG, Gale PA, Rawling T. Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanistic Studies of Bisaryl Urea Anticancer Agents Indicate Mitochondrial Uncoupling by a Fatty Acid-Activated Mechanism. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2065-2073. [PMID: 35854216 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the cancer cell mitochondrion is a promising approach for developing novel anticancer agents. The experimental anticancer agent N,N'-bis(3,5-dichlorophenyl)urea (SR4) induces apoptotic cell death in several cancer cell lines by uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) using a protein-free mechanism. However, the precise mechanism by which SR4 depolarizes mitochondria is unclear because SR4 lacks an acidic functional group typically found in protein-independent uncouplers. Recently, it was shown that structurally related thioureas can facilitate proton transport across lipid bilayers by a fatty acid-activated mechanism, in which the fatty acid acts as the site of protonation/deprotonation and the thiourea acts as an anion transporter that shuttles deprotonated fatty acids across the phospholipid bilayer to enable proton leak. In this paper, we show that SR4-mediated proton transport is enhanced by the presence of free fatty acids in the lipid bilayer, indicating that SR4 uncouples mitochondria through the fatty acid-activated mechanism. This mechanistic insight was used to develop a library of substituted bisaryl ureas for structure-activity relationship studies and subsequent cell testing. It was found that lipophilic electron-withdrawing groups on bisaryl ureas enhanced electrogenic proton transport via the fatty acid-activated mechanism and had the capacity to depolarize mitochondria and reduce the viability of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The most active compound in the series reduced cell viability with greater potency than SR4 and was more effective at inhibiting adenosine triphosphate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward York
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | - Ariane Roseblade
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Charles G Cranfield
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Philip A Gale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (SydneyNano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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14
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Lee S, Chung W. Enantioselective halogenation via asymmetric
phase‐transfer
catalysis. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunggi Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry DGIST Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Won‐jin Chung
- Department of Chemistry GIST Gwangju Republic of Korea
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15
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Sander S, Braun T. Platinum‐Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Alkynes: Hydrogen Bonding to Indolylphosphine Ligands to Provide Fluoride Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Sander
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin chemistry GERMANY
| | - Thomas Braun
- Humboldt University Chemistry Brook-Taylor Str. 2 12489 Berlin GERMANY
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16
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Pupo G, Gouverneur V. Hydrogen Bonding Phase-Transfer Catalysis with Alkali Metal Fluorides and Beyond. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5200-5213. [PMID: 35294171 PMCID: PMC9084554 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) is one of the most powerful catalytic manifolds for asymmetric synthesis. Chiral cationic or anionic PTC strategies have enabled a variety of transformations, yet studies on the use of insoluble inorganic salts as nucleophiles for the synthesis of enantioenriched molecules have remained elusive. A long-standing challenge is the development of methods for asymmetric carbon-fluorine bond formation from readily available and cost-effective alkali metal fluorides. In this Perspective, we describe how H-bond donors can provide a solution through fluoride binding. We use examples, primarily from our own research, to discuss how hydrogen bonding interactions impact fluoride reactivity and the role of H-bond donors as phase-transfer catalysts to bring solid-phase alkali metal fluorides in solution. These studies led to hydrogen bonding phase-transfer catalysis (HB-PTC), a new concept in PTC, originally crafted for alkali metal fluorides but offering opportunities beyond enantioselective fluorination. Looking ahead, the unlimited options that one can consider to diversify the H-bond donor, the inorganic salt, and the electrophile, herald a new era in phase-transfer catalysis. Whether abundant inorganic salts of lattice energy significantly higher than those studied to date could be considered as nucleophiles, e.g., CaF2, remains an open question, with solutions that may be found through synergistic PTC catalysis or beyond PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pupo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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17
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Wang J, Horwitz MA, Dürr AB, Ibba F, Pupo G, Gao Y, Ricci P, Christensen KE, Pathak TP, Claridge TDW, Lloyd-Jones GC, Paton RS, Gouverneur V. Asymmetric Azidation under Hydrogen Bonding Phase-Transfer Catalysis: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4572-4584. [PMID: 35230845 PMCID: PMC8931729 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
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Asymmetric catalytic
azidation has increased in importance to access
enantioenriched nitrogen containing molecules, but methods that employ
inexpensive sodium azide remain scarce. This encouraged us to undertake
a detailed study on the application of hydrogen bonding phase-transfer
catalysis (HB-PTC) to enantioselective azidation with sodium azide.
So far, this phase-transfer manifold has been applied exclusively
to insoluble metal alkali fluorides for carbon–fluorine bond
formation. Herein, we disclose the asymmetric ring opening of meso aziridinium electrophiles derived from β-chloroamines
with sodium azide in the presence of a chiral bisurea catalyst. The
structure of novel hydrogen bonded azide complexes was analyzed computationally,
in the solid state by X-ray diffraction, and in solution phase by 1H and 14N/15N NMR spectroscopy. With N-isopropylated BINAM-derived bisurea, end-on binding of
azide in a tripodal fashion to all three NH bonds is energetically
favorable, an arrangement reminiscent of the corresponding dynamically
more rigid trifurcated hydrogen-bonded fluoride complex. Computational
analysis informs that the most stable transition state leading to
the major enantiomer displays attack from the hydrogen-bonded end
of the azide anion. All three H-bonds are retained in the transition
state; however, as seen in asymmetric HB-PTC fluorination, the H-bond
between the nucleophile and the monodentate urea lengthens most noticeably
along the reaction coordinate. Kinetic studies corroborate with the
turnover rate limiting event resulting in a chiral ion pair containing
an aziridinium cation and a catalyst-bound azide anion, along with
catalyst inhibition incurred by accumulation of NaCl. This study demonstrates
that HB-PTC can serve as an activation mode for inorganic salts other
than metal alkali fluorides for applications in asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Wang
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Matthew A Horwitz
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Alexander B Dürr
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Francesco Ibba
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Gabriele Pupo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Paolo Ricci
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Tejas P Pathak
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 22 Windsor Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy D W Claridge
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Guy C Lloyd-Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Robert S Paton
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80528, United States
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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18
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Franchino A, Martí À, Echavarren AM. H-Bonded Counterion-Directed Enantioselective Au(I) Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3497-3509. [PMID: 35138843 PMCID: PMC8895408 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
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A new strategy for
enantioselective transition-metal catalysis
is presented, wherein a H-bond donor placed on the ligand of a cationic
complex allows precise positioning of the chiral counteranion responsible
for asymmetric induction. The successful implementation of this paradigm
is demonstrated in 5-exo-dig and 6-endo-dig cyclizations of 1,6-enynes, combining an achiral phosphinourea
Au(I) chloride complex with a BINOL-derived phosphoramidate Ag(I)
salt and thus allowing the first general use of chiral anions in Au(I)-catalyzed
reactions of challenging alkyne substrates. Experiments with modified
complexes and anions, 1H NMR titrations, kinetic data,
and studies of solvent and nonlinear effects substantiate the key
H-bonding interaction at the heart of the catalytic system. This conceptually
novel approach, which lies at the intersection of metal catalysis,
H-bond organocatalysis, and asymmetric counterion-directed catalysis,
provides a blueprint for the development of supramolecularly assembled
chiral ligands for metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Franchino
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Àlex Martí
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio M Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Departament de Química Orgànica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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19
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Vicini AC, Pupo G, Ibba F, Gouverneur V. Multigram synthesis of N-alkyl bis-ureas for asymmetric hydrogen bonding phase-transfer catalysis. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:5559-5591. [PMID: 34759385 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine is a key element present in ~35% of agrochemicals and 25% of marketed pharmaceutical drugs. The availability of reliable synthetic protocols to prepare catalysts that allow the efficient incorporation of fluorine in organic molecules is therefore essential for broad applicability. Herein, we report a protocol for the multigram synthesis of two representative enantiopure N-alkyl bis-urea organocatalysts derived from (S)-(-)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diamine ((S)-BINAM). These tridentate hydrogen bond donors are highly effective phase-transfer catalysts for solubilizing safe and inexpensive metal alkali fluorides (KF and CsF) in organic solvents for enantioselective nucleophilic fluorinations. The first catalyst, characterized by N-isopropyl substitution, was obtained by using a two-step sequence consisting of reductive amination followed by urea coupling from commercially available starting materials (14 g, 48% yield and 5-d total synthesis time). The second catalyst, featuring N-ethyl alkylation and meta-terphenyl substituents, was accessed via a novel, scalable, convergent route that concluded with the coupling between N-ethylated (S)-BINAM and a preformed isocyanate (52 g and 52% overall yield). On this scale, the synthesis requires ~10 d. This can be reduced to 5 d by performing some steps in parallel. Compared to the previous synthetic route, this protocol avoids the final chromatographic purification and produces the desired catalysts in very high purity and improved yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Pupo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francesco Ibba
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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20
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Montis R, Aragoni MC, Arca M, Coles SJ, Lippolis V, Milia J, Orton JB, Pala L, Picci G, Pivetta T, Caltagirone C. Coordination Chemistry and Sensing Properties Towards Anions and Metal Ions of a Simple Fluorescent Urea. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Montis
- Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo Dipartimento di Scienze Pure e Applicate Laboratorio di Chimica Supramolecolare Via della Stazione 4 61029 Urbino Italy
| | - M. Carla Aragoni
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Simon J. Coles
- Chemistry University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Jessica Milia
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - James B. Orton
- Chemistry University of Southampton Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Laura Pala
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Giacomo Picci
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Tiziana Pivetta
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Università degli Studi di Cagliari Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche Bivio per Sestu S. S. 554 09042 Monserrato CA Italy
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21
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Morales-Colón MT, See YY, Lee SJ, Scott PJH, Bland DC, Sanford MS. Tetramethylammonium Fluoride Alcohol Adducts for S NAr Fluorination. Org Lett 2021; 23:4493-4498. [PMID: 34029110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophilic aromatic fluorination (SNAr) is among the most common methods for the formation of C(sp2)-F bonds. Despite many recent advances, a long-standing limitation of these transformations is the requirement for rigorously dry, aprotic conditions to maintain the nucleophilicity of fluoride and suppress the generation of side products. This report addresses this challenge by leveraging tetramethylammonium fluoride alcohol adducts (Me4NF·ROH) as fluoride sources for SNAr fluorination. Through systematic tuning of the alcohol substituent (R), tetramethylammonium fluoride tert-amyl alcohol (Me4NF·t-AmylOH) was identified as an inexpensive, practical, and bench-stable reagent for SNAr fluorination under mild and convenient conditions (80 °C in DMSO, without the requirement for drying of reagents or solvent). A substrate scope of more than 50 (hetero) aryl halides and nitroarene electrophiles is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Morales-Colón
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yi Yang See
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Peter J H Scott
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Douglas C Bland
- Process Sciences & Technology, Corteva Agriscience, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States
| | - Melanie S Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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22
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Pliego JR. The role of intermolecular forces in ionic reactions: the solvent effect, ion-pairing, aggregates and structured environment. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1900-1914. [PMID: 33554992 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The environment enclosing an ionic species has a critical effect on its reactivity. In a more general sense, medium effects are not limited to the solvent, but involve the counter ion effect (ion pairing), formation of larger aggregates and structured environment as provided by the host in the case of host-guest complexes. In this review, a general view of the medium effect on anion-molecule reactions is presented. Nucleophilic substitution reactions of aliphatic (SN2) and aromatic (SNAr) systems, as well as elimination reactions (E2), are the focus of the discussion. In particular, nucleophilic fluorination with KF, CsF and tetraalkylammonium fluoride was used as the main model, because of the importance of this kind of reaction and the recent advances in the study of these systems. The solvent effect, ion pairing, formation of aggregates and formation of complexes with crown ethers, cryptands and calixarenes are discussed. For a deeper insight into the medium effect, many results of reliable theoretical calculations in close agreement with experiments were chosen as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefredo R Pliego
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, 36301-160, São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil.
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23
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Li C, Zhong J, Liu B, Yang T, Lv B, Luo Y. Study on Typical Diarylurea Drugs or Derivatives in Cocrystallizing with Strong H-Bond Acceptor DMSO. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:5532-5547. [PMID: 33681594 PMCID: PMC7931433 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diarylureas are widely used in self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry owing to their outstanding characteristics as both H-bond donors and acceptors. Unfortunately, this bonding property is rarely applied in the development of urea-containing drugs. Herein, seven related dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) complexes were screened from 12 substrates involving sorafenib and regorafenib, mainly considering the substitution effect following a robust procedure. All complexes were structurally confirmed by spectroscopic means and thermal analysis. Specially, five cocrystals with three deuterated, named sorafenib·DMSO, donafenib·DMSO, deuregorafenib·DMSO, 6·DMSO, and 7·DMSO were obtained. The crystal structures revealed that all host molecules consistently bonded with DMSO in intermolecular interaction in a 1:1 stoichiometry. However, further comparison with documented DMSO complexes and parent motifs presented some arrangement diversities especially for 6·DMSO which offered a counter-example to previous rules. Major changes in the orientation of meta-substituents and the packing stability for sorafenib·DMSO and deuregorafenib·DMSO were rationalized by theory analysis and computational energy calculation. Cumulative data implied that the planarization of two aryl planes in diarylureas may play a crucial role in cocrystallization. Also, a polymorph study bridged the transformation between these ureas and their DMSO complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital,
West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Suzhou
Zelgen Biopharmaceuticals Co., Limited, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215301, China
| | - Jialiang Zhong
- Shanghai
Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China
State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Baohu Liu
- Suzhou
Zelgen Biopharmaceuticals Co., Limited, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215301, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital,
West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Binhua Lv
- Suzhou
Zelgen Biopharmaceuticals Co., Limited, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215301, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- State
Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital,
West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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Yokoya M, Kimura S, Yamanaka M. Urea Derivatives as Functional Molecules: Supramolecular Capsules, Supramolecular Polymers, Supramolecular Gels, Artificial Hosts, and Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5601-5614. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yokoya
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
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25
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Micro-solvation and counter ion effects on ionic reactions: Activation of potassium fluoride with 18-crown-6 and tert-butanol in aprotic solvents. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Silva SL, Valle MS, Pliego JR. Nucleophilic Fluorination with KF Catalyzed by 18-Crown-6 and Bulky Diols: A Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15457-15465. [PMID: 33227195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The activation of potassium fluoride for nucleophilic fluorination of alkyl halides is an important challenge because of the high lattice energy of this salt and its low solubility in many polar aprotic solvents. Crown ethers have been used for increasing the solubilization of KF during several decades. Nevertheless, these macrocycles are not enough to produce a high reaction rate. In this work, theoretical methods were used for designing a synergic combination of bulky diols with crown ethers able to accelerate this kind of reaction. The calculations have predicted that the bulky diol 1,4-Bis(2-hydroxy-2-propyl)benzene, which has distant hydroxyl groups, is able to catalyze nucleophilic fluorination in combination with 18-crown-6 via two hydrogen bonds to the SN2 transition state. Experimental studies following the theoretical predictions have confirmed the catalytic effect and the estimated kinetic data point out that the bulky diol at 1 mol L-1 in combination with 18-crown-6 is able to produce an 18-fold increase in the reaction rate in relation to crown ether catalysis only. The reaction produces 46% yield of fluorination after 24 h at moderate temperature of 82 °C, with minimal formation of the side elimination product. Thus, this work presents an improved method for fluorination with KF salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Säo Joäo del-Rei, Säo Joäo del-Rei, 36301-160 MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Valle
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Säo Joäo del-Rei, Säo Joäo del-Rei, 36301-160 MG, Brazil
| | - Josefredo R Pliego
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Säo Joäo del-Rei, Säo Joäo del-Rei, 36301-160 MG, Brazil
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27
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Auria‐Luna F, Mohammadi S, Divar M, Gimeno MC, Herrera RP. Asymmetric Fluorination Reactions promoted by Chiral Hydrogen Bonding‐based Organocatalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Auria‐Luna
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC- Universidad de Zaragoza. C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain)
| | - Somayeh Mohammadi
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 7134853734 Shiraz (Iran)
| | - Masoumeh Divar
- Medicinal & Natural Products Chemistry Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 7134853734 Shiraz (Iran)
| | - M. Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC- Universidad de Zaragoza. C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain)
| | - Raquel P. Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica. Departamento de Química Orgánica. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC- Universidad de Zaragoza. C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain)
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28
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Ibba F, Pupo G, Thompson AL, Brown JM, Claridge TDW, Gouverneur V. Impact of Multiple Hydrogen Bonds with Fluoride on Catalysis: Insight from NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19731-19744. [PMID: 33166450 PMCID: PMC7677927 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrogen-bonding
interactions have been explored in catalysis,
enabling complex chemical reactions. Recently, enantioselective nucleophilic
fluorination with metal alkali fluoride has been accomplished with
BINAM-derived bisurea catalysts, presenting up to four NH hydrogen-bond
donors (HBDs) for fluoride. These catalysts bring insoluble CsF and
KF into solution, control fluoride nucleophilicity, and provide a
chiral microenvironment for enantioselective fluoride delivery to
the electrophile. These attributes encouraged a 1H/19F NMR study to gain information on hydrogen-bonding networks
with fluoride in solution, as well as how these arrangements impact
the efficiency of catalytic nucleophilic fluorination. Herein, NMR
experiments enabled the determination of the number and magnitude
of HB contacts to fluoride for thirteen bisurea catalysts. These data
supplemented by diagnostic coupling constants 1hJNH···F– give
insight into how multiple H bonds to fluoride influence reaction performance.
In dichloromethane (DCM-d2), nonalkylated
BINAM-derived bisurea catalyst engages two of its four NH groups in
hydrogen bonding with fluoride, an arrangement that allows effective
phase-transfer capability but low control over enantioselectivity
for fluoride delivery. The more efficient N-alkylated BINAM-derived
bisurea catalysts undergo urea isomerization upon fluoride binding
and form dynamically rigid trifurcated hydrogen-bonded fluoride complexes
that are structurally similar to their conformation in the solid state.
Insight into how the countercation influences fluoride complexation
is provided based on NMR data characterizing the species formed in
DCM-d2 when reacting a bisurea catalyst
with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride (TBAF) or CsF.
Structure–activity analysis reveals that the three hydrogen-bond
contacts with fluoride are not equal in terms of their contribution
to catalyst efficacy, suggesting that tuning individual electronic
environment is a viable approach to control phase-transfer ability
and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ibba
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Pupo
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Amber L Thompson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - John M Brown
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy D W Claridge
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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29
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Roagna G, Ascough DMH, Ibba F, Vicini AC, Fontana A, Christensen KE, Peschiulli A, Oehlrich D, Misale A, Trabanco AA, Paton RS, Pupo G, Gouverneur V. Hydrogen Bonding Phase-Transfer Catalysis with Ionic Reactants: Enantioselective Synthesis of γ-Fluoroamines. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14045-14051. [PMID: 32608977 PMCID: PMC7441491 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Ammonium
salts are used as phase-transfer catalysts for fluorination
with alkali metal fluorides. We now demonstrate that these organic
salts, specifically azetidinium triflates, are suitable substrates
for enantioselective ring opening with CsF and a chiral bis-urea catalyst. This process, which highlights the ability of hydrogen
bonding phase-transfer catalysts to couple two ionic reactants, affords
enantioenriched γ-fluoroamines in high yields. Mechanistic studies
underline the role of the catalyst for phase-transfer, and computed
transition state structures account for the enantioconvergence observed
for mixtures of achiral azetidinium diastereomers. The N-substituents
in the electrophile influence the reactivity, but the configuration
at nitrogen is unimportant for the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Roagna
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - David M H Ascough
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Francesco Ibba
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Anna Chiara Vicini
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Alberto Fontana
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., Calle Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Aldo Peschiulli
- Discovery Sciences Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Daniel Oehlrich
- Discovery Sciences Medicinal Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Antonio Misale
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., Calle Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Andrés A Trabanco
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research & Development, Janssen-Cilag S.A., Calle Jarama 75A, 45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Robert S Paton
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.,Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Gabriele Pupo
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
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30
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Hong CM, Xu Y, Chung JYL, Schultz DM, Weisel M, Varsolona RJ, Zhong YL, Purohit AK, He CQ, Gauthier DR, Humphrey GR, Maloney KM, Lévesque F, Wang Z, Whittaker AM, Sirota E, McMullen JP. Development of a Commercial Manufacturing Route to 2-Fluoroadenine, The Key Unnatural Nucleobase of Islatravir. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Hong
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yingju Xu
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - John Y. L. Chung
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Danielle M. Schultz
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mark Weisel
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Richard J. Varsolona
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yong-Li Zhong
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Akasha K. Purohit
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Cyndi Q. He
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Donald R. Gauthier
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Guy R. Humphrey
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kevin M. Maloney
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - François Lévesque
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Zhixun Wang
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Aaron M. Whittaker
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Eric Sirota
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jonathan P. McMullen
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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31
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Said MS, Khonde NS, Thorat MN, Atapalkar RS, Kulkarni AA, Gajbhiye J, Dastager SG. A New TBAF Complex, Highly Stable, Facile and Selective Source for Nucleophilic Fluorination: Applications in Batch and Flow Chemistry. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar S. Said
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Nilesh S. Khonde
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Meghana N. Thorat
- NCIM-Resource CenterCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Ranjit S. Atapalkar
- Chemical Engineering & Process DevelopmentCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Amol A. Kulkarni
- Chemical Engineering & Process DevelopmentCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Jayant Gajbhiye
- NCIM-Resource CenterCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Syed G. Dastager
- Chemical Engineering & Process DevelopmentCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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32
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Webb EW, Park JB, Cole EL, Donnelly DJ, Bonacorsi SJ, Ewing WR, Doyle AG. Nucleophilic (Radio)Fluorination of Redox-Active Esters via Radical-Polar Crossover Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9493-9500. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric W. Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - John B. Park
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Erin L. Cole
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David J. Donnelly
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Samuel J. Bonacorsi
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - William R. Ewing
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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33
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Tonouchi Y, Matsumoto K, Nagata T, Katahira M, Hagiwara R. Fluoride Ion Interactions in Alkali-Metal Fluoride–Diol Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:6631-6639. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Tonouchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagata
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Masato Katahira
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Rika Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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34
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Deoxyfluorination with CuF
2
: Enabled by Using a Lewis Base Activating Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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35
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Sood DE, Champion S, Dawson DM, Chabbra S, Bode BE, Sutherland A, Watson AJB. Deoxyfluorination with CuF
2
: Enabled by Using a Lewis Base Activating Group. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8460-8463. [PMID: 32109331 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Eilidh Sood
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Sue Champion
- West of Scotland PET Centre Greater Glasgow and Clyde NHS Trust Glasgow G12 OYN UK
| | - Daniel M. Dawson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Sonia Chabbra
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Bela E. Bode
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Andrew Sutherland
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Allan J. B. Watson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
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36
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The Effects of Structural Modifications of Bis-tert-
alcohol-Functionalized Crown-Calix[4]arenes as Nucleophilic Fluorination Promotors and Relations with Computational Predictions. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Dalessandro EV, Pliego JR. Reactivity and stability of ion pairs, dimers and tetramers versus solvent polarity: SNAr fluorination of 2-bromobenzonitrile with tetramethylammonium fluoride. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Said MS, Pandole S, Suryavanshi A, Kumar P, Gajbhiye JM. Acidic Handle Assemble Heterogeneous Carbocatalyst for Facile Aliphatic Nucleophilic Fluorination. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar S. Said
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune- 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Satish Pandole
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune- 411008 India
| | - Amol Suryavanshi
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune- 411008 India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune- 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Jayan M. Gajbhiye
- Division of Organic ChemistryCSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune- 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
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39
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Wang J, Ogawa Y, Shibata N. Activation of Saturated Fluorocarbons to Synthesize Spirobiindanes, Monofluoroalkenes, and Indane Derivatives. iScience 2019; 17:132-143. [PMID: 31276957 PMCID: PMC6612000 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorinated organic compounds are produced in abundance by the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry, making such compounds attractive as building blocks for further functionalization. Unfortunately, activation of C(sp3)-F bond in saturated fluorocarbons, especially for aliphatic gem-difluoroalkanes, remains challenging. Here we describe the selective activation of inert C(sp3)-F bonds catalyzed by B(C6F5)3. In hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), chemically robust aliphatic gem-difluorides are converted in high yields to the corresponding substituted 2,2′,3,3′-tetrahydro-1,1′-spirobiindenes via a B(C6F5)3-catalyzed intramolecular cascade Friedel-Crafts cyclization, not requiring a silicon-based trapping reagent. However, in the absence of a hydrogen-bonding donor solvent such as HFIP, the aliphatic gem-difluorides preferentially engage in a defluorination/elimination process that provides monofluorinated alkenes in good yields. Furthermore, a series of substituted 1-alkyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indenes was obtained in high yield from the B(C6F5)3-catalyzed defluorinative cyclization of aliphatic secondary monofluorides in HFIP. The protocol could inspire development of a new class of main-group Lewis acid-catalyzed C(sp3)-F bond activation in general unactivated fluorocarbons. C(sp3)-F bond activation in general unactivated fluorocarbons The activation of C(sp3)-F bonds in aliphatic gem-difluoroalkanes The selective activation of inert C(sp3)-F bonds catalyzed by B(C6F5)3 An intramolecular cascade defluorinative Friedel-Crafts cyclization
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Yuta Ogawa
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan; Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, 321004 Jinhua, China.
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40
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Millard S, Fothergill JW, Anderson Z, Brown EC, King MD, Colson AC. Supramolecular Interactions of Group VI Metal Carbonyl Complexes: The Facilitating Role of 1,3-Bis(p-isocyanophenyl)urea. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8130-8139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Millard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Jenny W. Fothergill
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Zoe Anderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Eric. C. Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Matthew D. King
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
- Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
| | - Adam C. Colson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, United States
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41
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Spontaneous chiral resolution of N,N′-diarylsquaramides: Formation of various types of one-handed helical networks during crystallization. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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42
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Lucchino M, Billet A, Versini A, Bavireddi H, Dasari BD, Debieu S, Colombeau L, Cañeque T, Wagner A, Masson G, Taran F, Karoyan P, Delepierre M, Gaillet C, Houdusse A, Britton S, Schmidt F, Florent JC, Belmont P, Monchaud D, Cossy J, Thomas C, Gautier A, Johannes L, Rodriguez R. 2nd PSL Chemical Biology Symposium (2019): At the Crossroads of Chemistry and Biology. Chembiochem 2019; 20:968-973. [PMID: 30803119 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chemical Biology is the science of designing chemical tools to dissect and manipulate biology at different scales. It provides the fertile ground from which to address important problems of our society, such as human health and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lucchino
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Billet
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Versini
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Harikrishna Bavireddi
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bhanu-Das Dasari
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Debieu
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Colombeau
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Cañeque
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Alain Wagner
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7199, 67401, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Géraldine Masson
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philippe Karoyan
- PSL Université Paris, Sorbonne Université, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS UMR7203, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Delepierre
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3528, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Christine Gaillet
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Anne Houdusse
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR144, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Frédéric Schmidt
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Florent
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Belmont
- Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, CNRS UMR8038, 75006, Paris, France
| | - David Monchaud
- UBFC, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR6302, 21078, Dijon, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- PSL Université Paris, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR8271, 75231, Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Christophe Thomas
- PSL Université Paris, Chimie ParisTech, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- PSL Université Paris, Sorbonne University, Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Rodriguez
- PSL Université Paris, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3666, INSERM U1143, 75005, Paris, France
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43
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Liu W, Oliver AG, Smith BD. Stabilization and Extraction of Fluoride Anion Using a Tetralactam Receptor. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4050-4057. [PMID: 30827107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A neutral tetralactam macrocycle was prepared in a few minutes in one pot and at high concentration using commercially available starting materials. NMR titration studies in DMSO revealed an anion affinity order of F- > AcO- > Cl- > Br-. The receptor affinity for F- is very high due in part to formation of a self-complementary dimer comprised of two "saddle shaped" complexes. An X-ray crystal structure showed that the two F- ions within the dimer are separated by 3.39 Å. The electrostatic penalty for this close proximity is compensated by attractive interactions provided by the surrounding tetralactam molecules. Reactivity experiments showed that stabilization of F- as a supramolecular complex abrogated its capacity to induce elimination and substitution chemistry. This finding raises the idea of using tetralactam macrocycles to stabilize fluoride-containing liquid electrolytes within redox devices such as room-temperature fluoride-ion batteries. A lipophilic version of the tetralactam macrocycle was prepared and used to extract F- from water into a chloroform layer with high efficiency. The favorable extraction is due to the architecture of the extracted dimeric complex, with all the polarity located within the core of the self-associated dimer and all the nonpolar functionality on the exterior surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Allen G Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall , University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame , Indiana 46556 , United States
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44
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Luchini G, Ascough DM, Alegre-Requena JV, Gouverneur V, Paton RS. Data-mining the diaryl(thio)urea conformational landscape: Understanding the contrasting behavior of ureas and thioureas with quantum chemistry. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Pupo G, Vicini AC, Ascough DMH, Ibba F, Christensen KE, Thompson AL, Brown JM, Paton RS, Gouverneur V. Hydrogen Bonding Phase-Transfer Catalysis with Potassium Fluoride: Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Fluoroamines. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:2878-2883. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pupo
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Chiara Vicini
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - David M. H. Ascough
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Ibba
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Brown
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert S. Paton
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research
Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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46
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Hajra S, Roy S, Maity S, Chatterjee S. Reagent-Controlled Reversal of Regioselectivity in Nucleophilic Fluorination of Spiro-epoxyoxindole: Synthesis of 3-Fluoro-3-hydroxymethyloxindole and 3-Aryl-3-fluoromethyloxindole. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2252-2260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Hajra
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Sayan Roy
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Subrata Maity
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sandip Chatterjee
- Center of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate
Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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47
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Scheidt F, Schäfer M, Sarie JC, Daniliuc CG, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Enantioselective, Catalytic Vicinal Difluorination of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16431-16435. [PMID: 30255972 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective, catalytic vicinal difluorination of alkenes is reported by II /IIII catalysis using a novel, C2 -symmetric resorcinol derivative. Catalyst turnover via in situ generation of an ArIIII F2 species is enabled by Selectfluor oxidation and addition of an inexpensive HF-amine complex. The HF:amine ratio employed in this process provides a handle for regioselective orthogonality as a function of Brønsted acidity. Selectivity reversal from the 1,1-difluorination pathway (geminal) to the desired 1,2-difluorination (vicinal) is disclosed (>20:1 in both directions). Validation with electron deficient styrenes facilitates generation of chiral bioisosteres of the venerable CF3 unit that is pervasive in drug discovery (20 examples, up to 94:06 e.r.). An achiral variant of the reaction is also presented using p-TolI (up to >95 % yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Scheidt
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfer
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jérôme C Sarie
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Molloy
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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48
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Scheidt F, Schäfer M, Sarie JC, Daniliuc CG, Molloy JJ, Gilmour R. Enantioselective, Catalytic Vicinal Difluorination of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Scheidt
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Michael Schäfer
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jérôme C. Sarie
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - John J. Molloy
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Organisch Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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49
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Pupo G, Ibba F, Ascough DMH, Vicini AC, Ricci P, Christensen KE, Pfeifer L, Morphy JR, Brown JM, Paton RS, Gouverneur V. Asymmetric nucleophilic fluorination under hydrogen bonding phase-transfer catalysis. Science 2018; 360:638-642. [PMID: 29748281 DOI: 10.1126/science.aar7941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Common anionic nucleophiles such as those derived from inorganic salts have not been used for enantioselective catalysis because of their insolubility. Here, we report that merging hydrogen bonding and phase-transfer catalysis provides an effective mode of activation for nucleophiles that are insoluble in organic solvents. This catalytic manifold relies on hydrogen bonding complexation to render nucleophiles soluble and reactive, while simultaneously inducing asymmetry in the ensuing transformation. We demonstrate the concept using a chiral bis-urea catalyst to form a tridentate hydrogen bonding complex with fluoride from its cesium salt, thereby enabling highly efficient enantioselective ring opening of episulfonium ion. This fluorination method is synthetically valuable considering the scarcity of alternative protocols and points the way to wider application of the catalytic approach with diverse anionic nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Pupo
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Francesco Ibba
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - David M H Ascough
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Anna Chiara Vicini
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Paolo Ricci
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - John Richard Morphy
- Medicinal Chemistry, Eli Lilly and Company Limited, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham GU20 6PH, UK
| | - John M Brown
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Robert S Paton
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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50
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Deka B, Sarma RJ. Cooperative Binding of Fluoride Anions to a Flexible Cystine‐Based Receptor Containing Two 3,5‐Dinitrobenzamide Motifs. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barnali Deka
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Gauhati, Guwahati 781014 Assam India
| | - Rupam J Sarma
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Gauhati, Guwahati 781014 Assam India
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