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Phung QM, Nam HN, Ghosh A. Local Oxidation States in {FeNO} 6-8 Porphyrins: Insights from DMRG/CASSCF-CASPT2 Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 38010736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A first DMRG/CASSCF-CASPT2 study of a series of paradigmatic {FeNO}6, {FeNO}7, and {FeNO}8 heme-nitrosyl complexes has led to substantial new insight as well as uncovered key shortcomings of the DFT approach. By virtue of its balanced treatment of static and dynamic correlation, the calculations have provided some of the most authoritative information available to date on the energetics of low- versus high-spin states of different classes of heme-nitrosyl complexes. Thus, the calculations indicate low doublet-quartet gaps of 1-4 kcal/mol for {FeNO}7 complexes and high singlet-triplet gaps of ≳20 kcal/mol for both {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}8 complexes. In contrast, DFT calculations yield widely divergent spin state gaps as a function of the exchange-correlation functional. DMRG-CASSCF calculations also help calibrate DFT spin densities for {FeNO}7 complexes, pointing to those obtained from classic pure functionals as the most accurate. The general picture appears to be that nearly all the spin density of Fe[P](NO) is localized on the Fe, while the axial ligand imidazole (ImH) in Fe[P](NO)(ImH) pushes a part of the spin density onto the NO moiety. An analysis of the DMRG-CASSCF wave function in terms of localized orbitals and of the resulting configuration state functions in terms of resonance forms with varying NO(π*) occupancies has allowed us to address the longstanding question of local oxidation states in heme-nitrosyl complexes. The analysis indicates NO(neutral) resonance forms [i.e., Fe(II)-NO0 and Fe(III)-NO0] as the major contributors to both {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}7 complexes. This finding is at variance with the common formulation of {FeNO}6 hemes as Fe(II)-NO+ species but is consonant with an Fe L-edge XAS analysis by Solomon and co-workers. For the {FeNO}8 complex {Fe[P](NO)}-, our analysis suggests a resonance hybrid description: Fe(I)-NO0 ↔ Fe(II)-NO-, in agreement with earlier DFT studies. Vibrational analyses of the compounds studied indicate an imperfect but fair correlation between the NO stretching frequency and NO(π*) occupancy, highlighting the usefulness of vibrational data as a preliminary indicator of the NO oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Manh Phung
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Ho Ngoc Nam
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Chemical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Auerbach H, Faus I, Rackwitz S, Wolny JA, Chumakov AI, Knipp M, Walker FA, Schünemann V. Heme protonation affects iron-NO binding in the NO transport protein nitrophorin. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112281. [PMID: 37352657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The nitrophorins (NPs) comprise an unusual group of heme proteins with stable ferric heme iron nitric oxide (Fe-NO) complexes. They are found in the salivary glands of the blood-sucking kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus, which uses the NPs to transport the highly reactive signaling molecule NO. Nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS) of both isoform NP2 and a mutant NP2(Leu132Val) show, after addition of NO, a strong structured vibrational band at around 600 cm-1, which is due to modes with significant Fe-NO bending and stretching contribution. Based on a hybrid calculation method, which uses density functional theory and molecular mechanics, it is demonstrated that protonation of the heme carboxyl groups does influence both the vibrational properties of the Fe-NO entity and its electronic ground state. Moreover, heme protonation causes a significant increase of the gap between the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital by almost one order of magnitude leading to a stabilization of the Fe-NO bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Auerbach
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Isabelle Faus
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sergej Rackwitz
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Juliusz A Wolny
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Markus Knipp
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - F Ann Walker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, United States
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Department of Physics, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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3
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Mascharak PK. Nitric oxide delivery platforms derived from a photoactivatable Mn(II) nitrosyl complex: Entry to photopharmacology. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 231:111804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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4
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Huang W, Ma X, Sato O, Wu D. Controlling dynamic magnetic properties of coordination clusters via switchable electronic configuration. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6832-6870. [PMID: 34151907 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00101a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Large-sized coordination clusters have emerged as a new class of molecular materials in which many metal atoms and organic ligands are integrated to synergize their properties. As dynamic magnetic materials, such a combination of multiple components functioning as responsive units has many advantages over monometallic systems due to the synergy between constituent components. Understanding the nature of dynamic magnetism at an atomic level is crucial for realizing the desired properties, designing responsive molecular nanomagnets, and ultimately unlocking the full potential of these nanomagnets for practical applications. Therefore, this review article highlights the recent development of large-sized coordination clusters with dynamic magnetic properties. These dynamic properties can be associated with spin transition, electron transfer, and valence fluctuation through their switchable electronic configurations. Subsequently, the article also highlights specialized characterization techniques with different timescales for supporting switching mechanisms, chemistry, and properties. Afterward, we present an overview of coordination clusters (such as cyanide-bridged and non-cyanide assemblies) with dynamic magnetic properties, namely, spin transition and electron transfer in magnetically bistable systems and mixed-valence complexes. In particular, the response mechanisms of coordination clusters are highlighted using representative examples with similar transition principles to gain insights into spin state and mixed-valence chemistry. In conclusion, we present possible solutions to challenges related to dynamic magnetic clusters and potential opportunities for a wide range of intelligent next-generation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis & Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Hubbard CD, Chatterjee D, Oszajca M, Polaczek J, Impert O, Chrzanowska M, Katafias A, Puchta R, van Eldik R. Inorganic reaction mechanisms. A personal journey. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:4599-4659. [PMID: 32162632 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04620h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review covers highlights of the work performed in the van Eldik group on inorganic reaction mechanisms over the past two decades in the form of a personal journey. Topics that are covered include, from NO to HNO chemistry, peroxide activation in model porphyrin and enzymatic systems, the wonder-world of RuIII(edta) chemistry, redox chemistry of Ru(iii) complexes, Ru(ii) polypyridyl complexes and their application, relevant physicochemical properties and reaction mechanisms in ionic liquids, and mechanistic insight from computational chemistry. In each of these sections, typical examples of mechanistic studies are presented in reference to related work reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin D Hubbard
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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6
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Stetina TF, Kasper JM, Li X. Modeling L2,3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with linear response exact two-component relativistic time-dependent density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:234103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5091807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Torin F. Stetina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Joseph M. Kasper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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Mechanistic Studies on the Reaction of [Fe
III
(edta)(H
2
O)]
–
with Piloty′s Acid as Source for HNO. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Abstract
The Commentary is in answer to the comment of a reader that objected against the use of the term ‘nitroxylcobalamin’ in two recent reports in JBC from our group. We use this opportunity to explain to the reader where this terminology originated from.
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Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering determination of the electronic structure of oxyhemoglobin and its model complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:2854-2859. [PMID: 30718404 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815981116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemoglobin and myoglobin are oxygen-binding proteins with S = 0 heme {FeO2}8 active sites. The electronic structure of these sites has been the subject of much debate. This study utilizes Fe K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and 1s2p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) to study oxyhemoglobin and a related heme {FeO2}8 model compound, [(pfp)Fe(1-MeIm)(O2)] (pfp = meso-tetra(α,α,α,α-o-pivalamido-phenyl)porphyrin, or TpivPP, 1-MeIm = 1-methylimidazole) (pfpO2), which was previously analyzed using L-edge XAS. The K-edge XAS and RIXS data of pfpO2 and oxyhemoglobin are compared with the data for low-spin FeII and FeIII [Fe(tpp)(Im)2]0/+ (tpp = tetra-phenyl porphyrin) compounds, which serve as heme references. The X-ray data show that pfpO2 is similar to FeII, while oxyhemoglobin is qualitatively similar to FeIII, but with significant quantitative differences. Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the difference between pfpO2 and oxyhemoglobin is due to a distal histidine H bond to O2 and the less hydrophobic environment in the protein, which lead to more backbonding into the O2 A valence bond configuration interaction multiplet model is used to analyze the RIXS data and show that pfpO2 is dominantly FeII with 6-8% FeIII character, while oxyhemoglobin has a very mixed wave function that has 50-77% FeIII character and a partially polarized Fe-O2 π-bond.
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Hong S, Yan JJ, Karmalkar DG, Sutherlin KD, Kim J, Lee YM, Goo Y, Mascharak PK, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Karlin KD, Solomon EI, Nam W. A mononuclear nonheme {FeNO} 6 complex: synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6952-6960. [PMID: 30210769 PMCID: PMC6124912 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01962b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
While the synthesis and characterization of {FeNO}7,8,9 complexes have been well documented in heme and nonheme iron models, {FeNO}6 complexes have been less clearly understood. Herein, we report the synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization of mononuclear nonheme {FeNO}6 and iron(iii)-nitrito complexes bearing a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML), such as [(TAML)FeIII(NO)]- and [(TAML)FeIII(NO2)]2-, respectively. First, direct addition of NO(g) to [FeIII(TAML)]- results in the formation of [(TAML)FeIII(NO)]-, which is sensitive to moisture and air. The spectroscopic data of [(TAML)FeIII(NO)]-, such as 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray absorption spectroscopies, combined with computational study suggest the neutral nature of nitric oxide with a diamagnetic Fe center (S = 0). We also provide alternative pathways for the generation of [(TAML)FeIII(NO)]-, such as the iron-nitrite reduction triggered by protonation in the presence of ferrocene, which acts as an electron donor, and the photochemical iron-nitrite reduction. To the best of our knowledge, the present study reports the first photochemical nitrite reduction in nonheme iron models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea . .,Department of Chemistry , Sookmyung Women's University , Seoul 04310 , Korea
| | - James J Yan
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA .
| | - Deepika G Karmalkar
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea .
| | - Kyle D Sutherlin
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA .
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea .
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea .
| | - Yire Goo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea .
| | - Pradip K Mascharak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , USA
| | - Britt Hedman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , California 94025 , USA . ;
| | - Keith O Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA . .,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , California 94025 , USA . ;
| | - Kenneth D Karlin
- Department of Chemistry , The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , USA .
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , USA . .,Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Stanford University , California 94025 , USA . ;
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Korea . .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an 710119 , P. R. China
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11
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Maganas D, DeBeer S, Neese F. Pair Natural Orbital Restricted Open-Shell Configuration Interaction (PNO-ROCIS) Approach for Calculating X-ray Absorption Spectra of Large Chemical Systems. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1215-1227. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Maganas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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12
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Chuang YC, Sheu CF, Lee GH, Chen YS, Wang Y. Charge density studies of 3d metal (Ni/Cu) complexes with a non-innocent ligand. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2017; 73:634-642. [PMID: 28762973 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520617007119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution X-ray diffraction experiments and atom-specific X-ray absorption experiments are applied to investigate a series of square planar complexes with the non-innocent ligand of maleonitriledithiolate (mnt), [S2C2(CN)2]z-, containing M-S bonds. Four complexes of (PyH)z[M(mnt)2]z-, where M = Ni or Cu, z = 2 or 1 and PyH+ = C5NH6+, were studied in order to clarify whether such one-electron oxidation-reduction, [M(mnt)2]2-/[M(mnt)2]1-, is taking place at the metal or the ligand site. Combining the techniques of metal K-, L-edge and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with high-resolution X-ray charge density studies, it is unambiguously demonstrated that the electron redox reaction is ligand based and metal based for Ni and Cu pairs, respectively. The bonding characters in terms of topological properties associated with the bond critical points are compared between the oxidized form [ML]- and the reduced form [ML]2-. In the case of Ni complexes, the formal oxidation state of Ni remains as Ni2+ and each mnt ligand carries a 2- charge in [Ni(mnt)2]2-, but only one of the ligands is formally oxidized in [Ni(mnt)2]1-. In contrast, in the case of Cu complexes, the mnt remains as 2- in both complexes, but the formal oxidation states of the metal are Cu2+ and Cu3+. Bond characterizations and d-orbital populations will be presented. The complementary results of XAS, XRD and DFT calculations will be discussed. The conclusion on the redox reactions in these complexes can be firmly established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chun Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chou Fu Sheu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gene Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu Sheng Chen
- ChemMatCARS Beamline, The University of Chicago, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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13
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K- and L-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) Determination of Differential Orbital Covalency (DOC) of Transition Metal Sites. Coord Chem Rev 2017; 345:182-208. [PMID: 28970624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Continual advancements in the development of synchrotron radiation sources have resulted in X-ray based spectroscopic techniques capable of probing the electronic and structural properties of numerous systems. This review gives an overview of the application of metal K-edge and L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), as well as K resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), to the study of electronic structure in transition metal sites with emphasis on experimentally quantifying 3d orbital covalency. The specific sensitivities of K-edge XAS, L-edge XAS, and RIXS are discussed emphasizing the complementary nature of the methods. L-edge XAS and RIXS are sensitive to mixing between 3d orbitals and ligand valence orbitals, and to the differential orbital covalency (DOC), that is, the difference in the covalencies for different symmetry sets of the d orbitals. Both L-edge XAS and RIXS are highly sensitive to and enable separation of and donor bonding and back bonding contributions to bonding. Applying ligand field multiplet simulations, including charge transfer via valence bond configuration interactions, DOC can be obtained for direct comparison with density functional theory calculations and to understand chemical trends. The application of RIXS as a probe of frontier molecular orbitals in a heme enzyme demonstrates the potential of this method for the study of metal sites in highly covalent coordination sites in bioinorganic chemistry.
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