1
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Inoue T, Mizoguchi K, Tokita M, Shibuta M, Nakaya M, Eguchi T, Nakajima A. Localized surface plasmon resonances of size-selected large silver nanoclusters ( n = 70-100) soft-landed on a C 60 organic substrate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:16597-16602. [PMID: 38832795 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Silver nanoclusters (Agn NCs) exhibit a remarkable optical property known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible to ultraviolet wavelengths. In this study, we address the size gap in LSPR responses between small NCs and nano-islands by synthesizing large Agn NCs with a countable number of atoms (n = 70-100) using a magnetron sputtering method, which were precisely size-selected and soft-landed onto substrates. The monodispersed Agn NCs were immobilized on a pre-decorated substrate with fullerene (C60) molecules, and their LSPR behaviors were characterized using two-photon photoemission (2PPE) spectroscopy. Due to the distinct polarization selectivity of incident light associated with LSPR, the intensity ratio between p- and s-polarized lights (Ip/Is) in 2PPE spectroscopy serves as a reliable indicator of LSPR and its structural correlations. From n = 70 to 100, the Ip/Is value gradually decreases as the cluster size increases. This decrease is attributed to the enhancement of s-polarized light (Is), indicating that large Agn NCs on a C60 substrate undergo a deformation from spherical to flattened geometries, particularly above approximately n = 55.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Kaito Mizoguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Miwa Tokita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Shibuta
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences (KiPAS), Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masato Nakaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Toyoaki Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences (KiPAS), Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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2
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Li J, Wang T, Xia S, Chen W, Ren Z, Sun M, Che L, Yang X, Zhou C. Site-Selective Excitation of Ti 3+ Ions in Rutile TiO 2 via Anisotropic Intra-Atomic 3d → 3d Transition. JACS AU 2024; 4:491-501. [PMID: 38425939 PMCID: PMC10900497 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Site-selective excitation (SSE), which is usually realized by tuning the wavelength of absorbed light, is an ideal way to study bond-selective chemistry, analyze the crystal structure, investigate protein conformation, etc., eventually leading to active manipulation of desired processes. Herein, SSE has been explored in (110)-, (100)-, and (011)-faced rutile TiO2, a prototypical material in both surface science and photocatalysis fields. Using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and photon energy-, substrate orientation-, and laser polarization-dependent two-photon photoemission spectroscopy (2PPE), intra-atomic 3d → 3d transition from the split Ti3+ 3d orbitals, i.e., band gap states and excited states at ∼1.00 eV below and ∼2.40 eV above the Fermi level, respectively, has been proven for all of the samples, suggesting that it is a common property of this material. The distinct structure of rutile TiO2 results in the anisotropic 3d → 3d transitions with the transition dipole moment along the long axes ([110] and [11̅0]) of TiO6 blocking units. This anisotropy facilitates the selective excitation of Ti3+ ions in the two types of TiO6, which cannot be realized by conventional wavelength tuning, via polarization alignment of the excitation source. Discovery in this work builds the foundation for future investigation of site-selective photophysical and photochemical processes and eventually possible active manipulation in this material at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Li
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Tianjun Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Shucai Xia
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Zefeng Ren
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
| | - Li Che
- Department
of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime
University, 116026 Dalian, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern University of Science
and Technology, 1088
Xueyuan Road, 518055 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanyao Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, 100049 Beijing, China
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3
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Yuan Z, Cao Y, Meng Y, Pan G, Zheng Y, Ni Z, Xia S. The construction of lattice-matched CdS-Ag 2S heterojunction photocatalysts: High-intensity built-in electric field effectively boosts bulk-charge separation efficiency. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131895. [PMID: 37356175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The built-in electric field of heterojunction can effectively promote carrier separation and transfer. While, its interface orientation is often random, leading to lattice mismatch and high resistance, thus limiting the efficiency of interfacial charge transfer. Herein, the lattice-matched heterojunction (CdS-Ag2S) was constructed by ion-exchange epitaxial growth. The results of surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPV), transient photovoltage spectroscopy (TPV), and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) show that the lattice-matched heterojunction has higher charge separation efficiency and longer photogenerated carrier lifetime than that of lattice-mismatched one. The lattice-matched CdS-Ag2S has a high built-in electric field (BIEF) value of 103.42 and a bulk-charge separation (BCS) efficiency of 68.71%, which is about three times higher than that of the lattice-mismatched heterojunction (CdS-Ag2S-M). In addition, the photodegradation efficiency of CdS-Ag2S towards norfloxacin (NOR) was also 3.4 times higher than that of CdS-Ag2S-M. The above results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that improving the lattice matching at the heterojunction is beneficial for establishing a high-intensity built-in electric field and effectively promoting bulk-charge separation efficiency, thus achieving excellent photocatalytic performance. This work provides an essential reference for the research of high-performance heterojunction photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yongyong Cao
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314001, PR China.
| | - Yue Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Life and Health Sciences, Huzhou College, Huzhou 313000, PR China
| | - Guoxiang Pan
- School of Engineering, Huzhou University, 759 East Erhuan Road, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yifan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Zheming Ni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Shengjie Xia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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4
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Zhai L, Gebre ST, Chen B, Xu D, Chen J, Li Z, Liu Y, Yang H, Ling C, Ge Y, Zhai W, Chen C, Ma L, Zhang Q, Li X, Yan Y, Huang X, Li L, Guan Z, Tao CL, Huang Z, Wang H, Liang J, Zhu Y, Lee CS, Wang P, Zhang C, Gu L, Du Y, Lian T, Zhang H, Wu XJ. Epitaxial growth of highly symmetrical branched noble metal-semiconductor heterostructures with efficient plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2538. [PMID: 37137913 PMCID: PMC10156852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epitaxial growth is one of the most commonly used strategies to precisely tailor heterostructures with well-defined compositions, morphologies, crystal phases, and interfaces for various applications. However, as epitaxial growth requires a small interfacial lattice mismatch between the components, it remains a challenge for the epitaxial synthesis of heterostructures constructed by materials with large lattice mismatch and/or different chemical bonding, especially the noble metal-semiconductor heterostructures. Here, we develop a noble metal-seeded epitaxial growth strategy to prepare highly symmetrical noble metal-semiconductor branched heterostructures with desired spatial configurations, i.e., twenty CdS (or CdSe) nanorods epitaxially grown on twenty exposed (111) facets of Ag icosahedral nanocrystal, albeit a large lattice mismatch (more than 40%). Importantly, a high quantum yield (QY) of plasmon-induced hot-electron transferred from Ag to CdS was observed in epitaxial Ag-CdS icosapods (18.1%). This work demonstrates that epitaxial growth can be achieved in heterostructures composed of materials with large lattice mismatches. The constructed epitaxial noble metal-semiconductor interfaces could be an ideal platform for investigating the role of interfaces in various physicochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sara T Gebre
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junze Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chongyi Ling
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiyao Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changsheng Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Lu Ma
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yujie Yan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xinyu Huang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lujiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen-Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhiqi Huang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinze Liang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yonghua Du
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| | - Xue-Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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5
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Shibuta M, Nakajima A. Two-Photon Photoemission Spectroscopy and Microscopy for Electronic and Plasmonic Characterizations of Molecularly Designed Organic Surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3285-3295. [PMID: 36988100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional surfaces decorated with organic molecules and/or nanoclusters (NCs) composed of several tens of atoms are promising for use in future photoelectronic substrates, whose functionalities are governed by molecular local electronic/plasmonic excitations at the interfaces. Here, we combine two-photon photoemission spectroscopy (2P-PES) and microscopy (2P-PEEM) to investigate the local excited-state dynamics at organic surfaces functionalized with NCs. The 2P-PES and 2P-PEEM for organic fullerene (C60) layers on graphite and Au substrates demonstrated photophysical characterization of electronic and plasmonic properties, including propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The SPP propagation at the Au interface buried by overlayered C60 can be visualized by Agn NC deposition, which enhances plasmon-induced hot electrons, where the threshold number of Ag atoms (n ≥ 9) for the plasmonic response is revealed by the size dependence of 2P-PES for Agn NCs on C60 layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shibuta
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences (KiPAS), Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences (KiPAS), Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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6
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Liu Y, Liu CH, Debnath T, Wang Y, Pohl D, Besteiro LV, Meira DM, Huang S, Yang F, Rellinghaus B, Chaker M, Perepichka DF, Ma D. Silver nanoparticle enhanced metal-organic matrix with interface-engineering for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Nat Commun 2023; 14:541. [PMID: 36725862 PMCID: PMC9892045 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrating plasmonic nanoparticles into the photoactive metal-organic matrix is highly desirable due to the plasmonic near field enhancement, complementary light absorption, and accelerated separation of photogenerated charge carriers at the junction interface. The construction of a well-defined, intimate interface is vital for efficient charge carrier separation, however, it remains a challenge in synthesis. Here we synthesize a junction bearing intimate interface, composed of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles and matrix with silver node via a facile one-step approach. The plasmonic effect of Ag nanoparticles on the matrix is visualized through electron energy loss mapping. Moreover, charge carrier transfer from the plasmonic nanoparticles to the matrix is verified through ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and in-situ photoelectron spectroscopy. The system delivers highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic H2 generation, surpassing most reported metal-organic framework-based photocatalytic systems. This work sheds light on effective electronic and energy bridging between plasmonic nanoparticles and organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Liu
- Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifque (INRS) 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7 Canada ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Present Address: Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cheng-Hao Liu
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Tushar Debnath
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XChair for Photonics and Optoelectronics Nano-Institute Munich Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Königinstr. 10, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Yong Wang
- Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifque (INRS) 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7 Canada
| | - Darius Pohl
- Present Address: Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis (DCN), 01062 Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Present Address: Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lucas V. Besteiro
- grid.6312.60000 0001 2097 6738CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Debora Motta Meira
- grid.187073.a0000 0001 1939 4845CLS@APS sector 20, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 60439 Lemont, IL USA ,grid.423571.60000 0004 0443 7584Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3 Canada
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifque (INRS) 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7 Canada
| | - Fan Yang
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Bernd Rellinghaus
- Present Address: Dresden Center for Nanoanalysis (DCN), 01062 Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Present Address: Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (Cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohamed Chaker
- Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifque (INRS) 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7 Canada
| | - Dmytro F. Perepichka
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Dongling Ma
- Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifque (INRS) 1650 Boul. Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X 1P7 Canada
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7
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Yang J, Wang H, Zhu Z, Yue M, Yang W, Zhang X, Ruan X, Guan Z, Yang Z, Cai W, Wu Y, Fan F, Dong J, Zhang H, Xu H, Tian Z, Li J. In Situ Raman Probing of Hot‐Electron Transfer at Gold–Graphene Interfaces with Atomic Layer Accuracy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Liang Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hong‐Jia Wang
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Mu‐Fei Yue
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Wei‐Min Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xia‐Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China
| | - Xiangyu Ruan
- School of Physics and Technology Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- School of Physics and Technology Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhi‐Lin Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuan‐Fei Wu
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Feng‐Ru Fan
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jin‐Chao Dong
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Zhong‐Qun Tian
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jian‐Feng Li
- College of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- College of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang University Hangzhou 310018 China
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8
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Yang JL, Wang HJ, Zhu Z, Yue MF, Yang WM, Zhang XG, Ruan X, Guan Z, Yang ZL, Cai W, Wu YF, Fan FR, Dong JC, Zhang H, Xu H, Tian ZQ, Li JF. In Situ Raman Probing of Hot-Electron Transfer at Gold-Graphene Interfaces with Atomic Layer Accuracy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112749. [PMID: 34806809 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic metals under photoexcitation can generate energetic hot electrons to directly induce chemical reactions. However, the capability and fundamental insights of the transportation of these hot electrons at plasmonic metal-2D material interfaces remain unclear. Herein, hot-electron transfer at Au-graphene interfaces has been in situ studied using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with atomic layer accuracy. Combining in situ SERS studies with density functional theory calculations, it is proved that hot electrons can be injected from plasmonic Au nanoparticles to graphene and directly penetrate graphene to trigger photocatalytic reactions. With increasing graphene layers, the transportation of hot electrons decays rapidly and would be completely blocked after five layers of graphene. Moreover, the transfer of hot electrons can be modulated by applying an external electric field, and the hot-electron transfer efficiency under electrochemical conditions is improved by over three times in the presence of a monolayer of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Liang Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hong-Jia Wang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Mu-Fei Yue
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wei-Min Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xia-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiangyu Ruan
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guan
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Yang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuan-Fei Wu
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Feng-Ru Fan
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jin-Chao Dong
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hongxing Xu
- School of Physics and Technology, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Micor- and Nano- structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.,College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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9
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Shibuta M, Yamamoto K, Ohta T, Inoue T, Mizoguchi K, Nakaya M, Eguchi T, Nakajima A. Confined Hot Electron Relaxation at the Molecular Heterointerface of the Size-Selected Plasmonic Noble Metal Nanocluster and Layered C 60. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1199-1209. [PMID: 33411503 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The plasmonic response of metallic nanostructures plays a key role in amplifying photocatalytic and photoelectric conversion. Since the plasmonic behavior of noble metal nanoparticles is known to generate energetic charge carriers such as hot electrons, it is expected that the hot electrons can enhance conversion efficiency if they are transferred into a neighboring molecule or semiconductor. However, the method of transferring the energized charge carriers from the plasmonically generated hot electrons to the neighboring species remains controversial. Herein, we fabricated a molecularly well-defined heterointerface between the size-selected plasmonic noble-metal nanoclusters (NCs) of Agn (n = 3-55)/Aun (n = 21) and the organic C60 film to investigate hot electron generation and relaxation dynamics using time-resolved two-photon photoemission (2PPE) spectroscopy. By tuning the NC size and the polarization of the femtosecond excitation photons, the plasmonic behavior is characterized by 2PPE intensity enhancement by 10-100 times magnitude, which emerge at n ≥ 9 for Agn NCs. The 2PPE spectra exhibit contributions from low-energy electrons forming coherent plasmonic currents and hot electrons with an excitation energy up to photon energy owing to two-photon excitation of an occupied state of the Agn NC below the Fermi level. The time-resolved pump-probe measurements demonstrate that plasmon dephasing generates hot electrons which undergo electron-electron scattering. However, no photoemission occurs via the charge transfer state forming Agn+C60- located in the vicinity of the Fermi level. Thus, this study reveals the mechanism of ultrafast confined hot electron relaxation within plasmonic Agn NCs at the molecular heterointerface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shibuta
- Fachbereich Physik und Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps-Universität, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Masato Nakaya
- Nakajima Designer Nanocluster Assembly Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Eguchi
- Nakajima Designer Nanocluster Assembly Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Nakajima Designer Nanocluster Assembly Project, ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan
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10
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Sun Q, Zu S, Misawa H. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy: Capability and potential in probing plasmonic nanostructures from multiple domains. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:120902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0013659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuai Zu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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11
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Rossi TP, Erhart P, Kuisma M. Hot-Carrier Generation in Plasmonic Nanoparticles: The Importance of Atomic Structure. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9963-9971. [PMID: 32687311 PMCID: PMC7458472 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are attractive for plasmon-enhanced generation of hot carriers, which may be harnessed in photochemical reactions. In this work, we analyze the coherent femtosecond dynamics of photon absorption, plasmon formation, and subsequent hot-carrier generation through plasmon dephasing using first-principles simulations. We predict the energetic and spatial hot-carrier distributions in small metal nanoparticles and show that the distribution of hot electrons is very sensitive to the local structure. Our results show that surface sites exhibit enhanced hot-electron generation in comparison to the bulk of the nanoparticle. Although the details of the distribution depend on particle size and shape, as a general trend, lower-coordinated surface sites such as corners, edges, and {100} facets exhibit a higher proportion of hot electrons than higher-coordinated surface sites such as {111} facets or the core sites. The present results thereby demonstrate how hot carriers could be tailored by careful design of atomic-scale structures in nanoscale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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12
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Da Browski M, Dai Y, Petek H. Ultrafast Photoemission Electron Microscopy: Imaging Plasmons in Space and Time. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6247-6287. [PMID: 32530607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonics is a rapidly growing field spanning research and applications across chemistry, physics, optics, energy harvesting, and medicine. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) has demonstrated unprecedented power in the characterization of surface plasmons and other electronic excitations, as it uniquely combines the requisite spatial and temporal resolution, making it ideally suited for 3D space and time coherent imaging of the dynamical plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale. The ability to visualize plasmonic fields evolving at the local speed of light on subwavelength scale with optical phase resolution illuminates old phenomena and opens new directions for growth of plasmonics research. In this review, we guide the reader thorough experimental description of PEEM as a characterization tool for both surface plasmon polaritons and localized plasmons and summarize the exciting progress it has opened by the ultrafast imaging of plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Da Browski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, U.K
| | - Yanan Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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13
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Zhou D, Li X, Zhou Q, Zhu H. Infrared driven hot electron generation and transfer from non-noble metal plasmonic nanocrystals. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2944. [PMID: 32522995 PMCID: PMC7287091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-noble metal plasmonic materials, e.g. doped semiconductor nanocrystals, compared to their noble metal counterparts, have shown unique advantages, including broadly tunable plasmon frequency (from visible to infrared) and rich surface chemistry. However, the fate and harvesting of hot electrons from these non-noble metal plasmons have been much less explored. Here we report plasmon driven hot electron generation and transfer from plasmonic metal oxide nanocrystals to surface adsorbed molecules by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We show unambiguously that under infrared light excitation, hot electron transfers in ultrafast timescale (<50 fs) with an efficiency of 1.4%. The excitation wavelength and fluence dependent study indicates that hot electron transfers right after Landau damping before electron thermalization. We revealed the efficiency-limiting factors and provided improvement strategies. This study paves the way for designing efficient infrared light absorption and photochemical conversion applications based on non-noble metal plasmonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Zhou
- The Centre for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- The Centre for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Qiaohui Zhou
- The Centre for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- The Centre for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China.
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14
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Zhou X, Jiang M, Wu Y, Ma K, Liu Y, Wan P, Kan C, Shi D. Hybrid quadrupole plasmon induced spectrally pure ultraviolet emission from a single AgNPs@ZnO:Ga microwire based heterojunction diode. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1340-1351. [PMID: 36133060 PMCID: PMC9417069 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00777f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet light-emitting materials and devices with high-efficiency are required for many applications. One promising way to enhance the ultraviolet luminescence efficiency is by incorporating plasmonic nanostructures. However, a large energy mismatch between the plasmons and the light emitters greatly limits the direct realization of light enhancement. In this work, a single Ga-doped ZnO microwire prepared with large-sized Ag nanoparticle (the diameter d ∼ 200 nm) deposition (AgNPs@ZnO:Ga MW) was utilized to construct a high-performance heterojunction diode, with p-GaN serving as the hole injection layer. In addition to enhanced optical output, the emission spectra also revealed that typical near-band-edge (NBE) emission with higher wavelength stability centered around 378.0 nm was achieved, accompanied by narrowing of the spectral linewidth to around 10 nm. Thus, the interfacial and p-GaN emissions were successfully suppressed. The spectral profile of the emission spectra of the heterojunction diodes precisely matched the photoluminescence spectrum of the single ZnO:Ga MW, which indicates that the single ZnO:Ga MW can act as the active region for the radiative recombination of electrons and holes in the diode operation. In the emission mechanism, hybrid quadrupole plasmons induce the generation of hot electrons, which are then injected into the conduction band of the neighboring ZnO:Ga and are responsible for the NBE-type emission of the single MW based heterojunction diode. This novel emission enhancement and modulation principle can aid in the design and development of new types of luminescent materials and devices with high-efficiency, spectral stability and spectral purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Zhou
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Mingming Jiang
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Yuting Wu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Kunjie Ma
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Caixia Kan
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices (MOE), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China
| | - Daning Shi
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No. 29 Jiangjun Road Nanjing 210016 China
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15
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Yamagiwa K, Shibuta M, Nakajima A. Visualization of Surface Plasmons Propagating at the Buried Organic/Metal Interface with Silver Nanocluster Sensitizers. ACS NANO 2020; 14:2044-2052. [PMID: 31999096 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Visualization of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) propagation at dielectric/metal interfaces is indispensable in providing opportunities for the precise designing and controlling of the functionalities of future plasmonic nanodevices. Here, we report the visualization of SPPs propagating along the buried organic/metal interface of fullerene (C60)/Au(111), through dual-colored two-photon photoemission electron microscopy (2P-PEEM) which precisely visualizes the SPP propagation of plasmonic metal nanostructures. Although SPPs excited by near-infrared photons at the few monolayer C60/Au(111) interface are clearly visualized as interference beat patterns between the SPPs and incident light, faithfully reflecting SPP properties modulated by the overlayer, photoemission signals are suppressed for thicker C60 films, due to less valence electrons participating in 2P-photoemission processes. With the use of silver (Agn (n = 21 and 55)) nanoclusters, which exhibit enhancement of overall photoemission intensities due to localized surface plasmons functioning as SPP sensitizers, it is revealed that the 2P-PEEM is applicable to the imaging of SPPs for thick C60/Au(111) interfaces, where SPP properties are hardly modulated by the added small amount (∼0.1 monolayer) of Agn sensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Yamagiwa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Shibuta
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Science (KiPAS) , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
- Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Science (KiPAS) , Keio University , 3-14-1 Hiyoshi , Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522 , Japan
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16
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Dai Y, Dąbrowski M, Petek H. Optical field tuning of localized plasmon modes in Ag microcrystals at the nanofemto scale. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:054201. [PMID: 32035439 DOI: 10.1063/1.5139543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale plasmonic field enhancement at sub-wavelength metallic particles is crucial for surface sensitive spectroscopy, ultrafast microscopy, and nanoscale energy transduction. Here, we demonstrate control of the spatial distribution of localized surface plasmon modes at sub-optical-wavelength crystalline silver (Ag) micropyramids grown on a Si(001) surface. We employ multiphoton photoemission electron microscopy (mP-PEEM) to image how the plasmonic field distributions vary with the photon energy, light polarization, and phase in coherent two-pulse excitation. For photon energy hυ > 2.0 eV, the mP-PEEM images show single photoemission locus, which splits into a dipolar pattern that straddles the Ag crystal at a lower energy. We attribute the variation to the migration of plasmon resonances from the Ag/vacuum to the Ag/Si interfaces by choice of the photon energy. Furthermore, the dipolar response of the Ag/Si interface follows the polarization state of light: for linearly polarized excitations, the plasmon dipole follows the in-plane electric field vector, while for circularly polarized excitations, it tilts in the direction of the handedness due to the conversion of spin angular momentum of light into orbital angular momentum of the plasmons excited in the sample. Finally, we show the coherent control of the spatial plasmon distribution by exciting the sample with two identical circularly polarized light pulses with delay defined with attosecond precision. The near field distribution wobbles at the pyramid base as the pump-probe delay is advanced due to interferences among the contributing fields. We illustrate how the frequency, polarization, and pulse structure can be used to design and control plasmon fields on the nanofemto scale for applications in chemistry and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Maciej Dąbrowski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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17
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Zhong H, Chen J, Chen J, Tao R, Jiang J, Hu Y, Xu J, Zhang T, Liao J. Plasmon catalytic PATP coupling reaction on Ag-NPs/graphite studied via in situ electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23482-23490. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01733g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced hot holes and electrons play different roles in the PATP coupling reaction, resulting in two different catalytic reaction paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhong
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Jun Chen
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Jinfan Chen
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Ran Tao
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Jiaolai Jiang
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621907
- China
| | - Yi Hu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Jingsong Xu
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Tianzhu Zhang
- Science and Technology on Surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory
- Jiangyou 621908
- China
| | - Junsheng Liao
- Institute of Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang 621907
- China
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18
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Huber B, Pres S, Wittmann E, Dietrich L, Lüttig J, Fersch D, Krauss E, Friedrich D, Kern J, Lisinetskii V, Hensen M, Hecht B, Bratschitsch R, Riedle E, Brixner T. Space- and time-resolved UV-to-NIR surface spectroscopy and 2D nanoscopy at 1 MHz repetition rate. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:113103. [PMID: 31779407 DOI: 10.1063/1.5115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe a setup for time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy with aberration correction enabling 3 nm spatial resolution and sub-20 fs temporal resolution. The latter is realized by our development of a widely tunable (215-970 nm) noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) at 1 MHz repetition rate. We discuss several exemplary applications. Efficient photoemission from plasmonic Au nanoresonators is investigated with phase-coherent pulse pairs from an actively stabilized interferometer. More complex excitation fields are created with a liquid-crystal-based pulse shaper enabling amplitude and phase shaping of NOPA pulses with spectral components from 600 to 800 nm. With this system we demonstrate spectroscopy within a single plasmonic nanoslit resonator by spectral amplitude shaping and investigate the local field dynamics with coherent two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy at the nanometer length scale ("2D nanoscopy"). We show that the local response varies across a distance as small as 33 nm in our sample. Further, we report two-color pump-probe experiments using two independent NOPA beamlines. We extract local variations of the excited-state dynamics of a monolayered 2D material (WSe2) that we correlate with low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and reflectivity measurements. Finally, we demonstrate the in situ sample preparation capabilities for organic thin films and their characterization via spatially resolved electron diffraction and dark-field LEEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Huber
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pres
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Wittmann
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oettingenstr. 67, 80538 München, Germany
| | - Lysanne Dietrich
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julian Lüttig
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Fersch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Enno Krauss
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Friedrich
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kern
- Institute of Physics and Center for Nanotechnology, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Victor Lisinetskii
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hensen
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bert Hecht
- NanoOptics & Biophotonics Group, Experimental Physics 5, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Bratschitsch
- Institute of Physics and Center for Nanotechnology, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Eberhard Riedle
- Lehrstuhl für BioMolekulare Optik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oettingenstr. 67, 80538 München, Germany
| | - Tobias Brixner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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19
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Cox JD, García de Abajo FJ. Single-Plasmon Thermo-Optical Switching in Graphene. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:3743-3750. [PMID: 31117754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While plasmons in noble metal nanostructures enable strong light-matter interactions on commensurate length scales, the overabundance of free electrons in these systems inhibits their tunability by weak external stimuli. Countering this limitation, the linear electronic dispersion in graphene endows the two-dimensional material with both an enhanced sensitivity to doping electron density, enabling active tunability of its highly confined plasmon resonances, and a very low electronic heat capacity that renders its thermo-optical response extraordinarily large. Here we show that these properties combined enables a substantial optical modulation in graphene nanostructures from the energy associated with just one of their supported plasmons. We base our analysis on realistic, complementary classical and quantum-mechanical simulations, which reveal that the energy of a single plasmon, absorbed in a small, moderately doped graphene nanoisland, can sufficiently modify its electronic temperature and chemical potential to produce unity-order modulation of the optical response within subpicosecond time scales, effectively shifting or damping the original plasmon absorption peak and thereby blockading subsequent excitation of a second plasmon. The proposed thermo-optical single-plasmon blockade consists in a viable ultralow power all-optical switching mechanism for doped graphene nanoislands, while their combination with quantum emitters could yield applications in biological sensing and quantum nano-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Cox
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- Center for Nano Optics , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , DK-5230 Odense M , Denmark
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques , The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona , Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , Passeig Lluís Companys 23 , 08010 Barcelona , Spain
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20
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Kumar PV, Rossi TP, Marti-Dafcik D, Reichmuth D, Kuisma M, Erhart P, Puska MJ, Norris DJ. Plasmon-Induced Direct Hot-Carrier Transfer at Metal-Acceptor Interfaces. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3188-3195. [PMID: 30768238 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced hot-carrier transfer from a metal nanostructure to an acceptor is known to occur via two key mechanisms: (i) indirect transfer, where the hot carriers are produced in the metal nanostructure and subsequently transferred to the acceptor, and (ii) direct transfer, where the plasmons decay by directly exciting carriers from the metal to the acceptor. Unfortunately, an atomic-level understanding of the direct-transfer process, especially with regard to its quantification, remains elusive even though it is estimated to be more efficient compared to the indirect-transfer process. This is due to experimental challenges in separating direct from indirect transfer as both processes occur simultaneously at femtosecond time scales. Here, we employ time-dependent density-functional theory simulations to isolate and study the direct-transfer process at a model metal-acceptor (Ag147-Cd33Se33) interface. Our simulations show that, for a 10 fs Gaussian laser pulse tuned to the plasmon frequency, the plasmon formed in the Ag147-Cd33Se33 system decays within 10 fs and induces the direct transfer with a probability of about 40%. We decompose the direct-transfer process further and demonstrate that the direct injection of both electrons and holes into the acceptor, termed direct hot-electron transfer (DHET) and direct hot-hole transfer (DHHT), takes place with similar probabilities of about 20% each. Finally, effective strategies to control and tune the probabilities of DHET and DHHT processes are proposed. We envision our work to provide guidelines toward the design of metal-acceptor interfaces that enable more efficient plasmonic hot-carrier devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank V Kumar
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Tuomas P Rossi
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University , 00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - Daniel Marti-Dafcik
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Daniel Reichmuth
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center , University of Jyväskylä , 40014 Jyväskylä , Finland
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of Physics , Chalmers University of Technology , 41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Martti J Puska
- Department of Applied Physics , Aalto University , 00076 Aalto , Finland
| | - David J Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
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21
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Belianinov A, Ievlev AV, Lorenz M, Borodinov N, Doughty B, Kalinin SV, Fernández FM, Ovchinnikova OS. Correlated Materials Characterization via Multimodal Chemical and Functional Imaging. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11798-11818. [PMID: 30422627 PMCID: PMC9850281 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b07292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal chemical imaging simultaneously offers high-resolution chemical and physical information with nanoscale and, in select cases, atomic resolution. By coupling modalities that collect physical and chemical information, we can address scientific problems in biological systems, battery and fuel cell research, catalysis, pharmaceuticals, photovoltaics, medicine, and many others. The combined systems enable the local correlation of material properties with chemical makeup, making fundamental questions of how chemistry and structure drive functionality approachable. In this Review, we present recent progress and offer a perspective for chemical imaging used to characterize a variety of samples by a number of platforms. Specifically, we present cases of infrared and Raman spectroscopies combined with scanning probe microscopy; optical microscopy and mass spectrometry; nonlinear optical microscopy; and, finally, ion, electron, and probe microscopies with mass spectrometry. We also discuss the challenges associated with the use of data originated by the combinatorial hardware, analysis, and machine learning as well as processing tools necessary for the interpretation of multidimensional data acquired from multimodal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Belianinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anton V. Ievlev
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Matthias Lorenz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Nikolay Borodinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sergei V. Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Facundo M. Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology and Petit Institute for Biochemistry and Bioscience, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Olga S. Ovchinnikova
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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22
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Qin M, Xia S, Zhai X, Huang Y, Wang L, Liao L. Surface enhanced perfect absorption in metamaterials with periodic dielectric nanostrips on silver film. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:30873-30881. [PMID: 30469979 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.030873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Integrated dielectric metamaterials with plasmonic structures can cause drastic optical resonances and strengthen the capacity of light absorption. Here, we describe the optical properties of silicon nanoarrays on a thin silver film for extreme light confinement at subwavelength nanoscales. We attain the nearly total absorption in silicon nanostrips, which support magnetic quadruple Mie-type resonances in the visible regions. The Mie resonant field of the dielectric nanostrip engages the screening response of the silver film, resulting in plasmon resonance configuration and thus achieving perfect light absorption in the dielectric nanostrip. Moreover, we can attain similar results in other nanostructures, such as silicon cylinder and rhombus column arrays. Because it can sustain hybridized plasmon modes and magnetic modes, the combined system will benefit the application of solar energy accumulation.
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23
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Rahman MZ, Davey K, Mullins CB. Tuning the Intrinsic Properties of Carbon Nitride for High Quantum Yield Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800820. [PMID: 30356987 PMCID: PMC6193178 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The low quantum yield of photocatalytic hydrogen production in carbon nitride (CN) has been improved upon via the modulation of both the extrinsic and intrinsic properties of the material. Although the modification of extrinsic properties has been widely investigated in the past, recently there has been growing interest in the alteration of intrinsic properties. Refining the intrinsic properties of CN provides flexibility in controlling the charge transport and selectivity in photoredox reactions, and therefore makes available a pathway toward superior photocatalytic performance. An analysis of recent progress in tuning the intrinsic photophysical properties of CN facilitates an assessment of the goals, achievements, and gaps. This article is intended to serve this purpose. Therefore, selected techniques and mechanisms of the tuning of intrinsic properties of CN are critically discussed here. This article concludes with a recommendation of the issues that need to be considered for the further enhancement in the quantum efficiency of CN photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Z. Rahman
- John J. Mcketta Department of Chemical Engineering & Department of ChemistryCenter for ElectrochemistryTexas Materials InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712‐1589USA
| | - Kenneth Davey
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia
| | - C. Buddie Mullins
- John J. Mcketta Department of Chemical Engineering & Department of ChemistryCenter for ElectrochemistryTexas Materials InstituteUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX78712‐1589USA
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24
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Cushing SK, Chen CJ, Dong CL, Kong XT, Govorov AO, Liu RS, Wu N. Tunable Nonthermal Distribution of Hot Electrons in a Semiconductor Injected from a Plasmonic Gold Nanostructure. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7117-7126. [PMID: 29945441 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
For semiconductors photosensitized with organic dyes or quantum dots, transferred electrons are usually considered thermalized at the conduction band edge. This study suggests that the electrons injected from a plasmonic metal into a thin semiconductor shell can be nonthermal with energy up to the plasmon frequency. In other words, the electrons injected into the semiconductor are still hot carriers. Photomodulated X-ray absorption measurements of the Ti L2,3 edge are compared before and after excitation of the plasmon in Au@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles. Comparison with theoretical predictions of the X-ray absorption, which include the heating and state-filling effects from injected hot carriers, suggests that the electrons transferred from the plasmon remain nonthermal in the ∼10 nm TiO2 shell, due in part to a slow trapping in defect states. By repeating the measurements for spherical, rod-like, and star-like metal nanoparticles, the magnitude of the nonthermal distribution, peak energy, and number of injected hot electrons are confirmed to be tuned by the plasmon frequency and the sharp corners of the plasmonic nanostructure. The results suggest that plasmonic photosensitizers can not only extend the sunlight absorption spectral range of semiconductor-based devices but could also result in increased open circuit voltages and elevated thermodynamic driving forces for solar fuel generation in photoelectrochemical cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Chung Li Dong
- Department of Physics , Tamkang University , Tamsui 25137 , Taiwan
| | - Xiang-Tian Kong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Ohio University , Athens , Ohio 45701 , United States
| | - Alexander O Govorov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Ohio University , Athens , Ohio 45701 , United States
| | - Ru-Shi Liu
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology , National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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25
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Liu F, Song B, Su G, Liang O, Zhan P, Wang H, Wu W, Xie Y, Wang Z. Sculpting Extreme Electromagnetic Field Enhancement in Free Space for Molecule Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801146. [PMID: 30003669 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A strongly confined and enhanced electromagnetic (EM) field due to gap-plasmon resonance offers a promising pathway for ultrasensitive molecular detections. However, the maximum enhanced portion of the EM field is commonly concentrated within the dielectric gap medium that is inaccessible to external substances, making it extremely challenging for achieving single-molecular level detection sensitivity. Here, a new family of plasmonic nanostructure created through a unique process using nanoimprint lithography is introduced, which enables the precise tailoring of the gap plasmons to realize the enhanced field spilling to free space. The nanostructure features arrays of physically contacted nanofinger-pairs with a 2 nm tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film as an ultrasmall dielectric gap. The high tunneling barrier offered by ta-C film due to its low electron affinity makes an ultranarrow gap and high enhancement factor possible at the same time. Additionally, its high electric permittivity leads to field redistribution and an abrupt increase across the ta-C/air boundary and thus extensive spill-out of the coupled EM field from the gap region with field enhancement in free space of over 103 . The multitude of benefits deriving from the unique nanostructure hence allows extremely high detection sensitivity at the single-molecular level to be realized as demonstrated through bianalyte surface-enhanced Raman scattering measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanxin Liu
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, and College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Boxiang Song
- Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Guangxu Su
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Owen Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Peng Zhan
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Yahong Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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26
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Mo Z, Xu H, Chen Z, She X, Song Y, Yan P, Xu Y, Lei Y, Yuan S, Li H. Gold/monolayer graphitic carbon nitride plasmonic photocatalyst for ultrafast electron transfer in solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Tan S, Dai Y, Zhang S, Liu L, Zhao J, Petek H. Coherent Electron Transfer at the Ag/Graphite Heterojunction Interface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:126801. [PMID: 29694071 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.126801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Charge transfer in transduction of light to electrical or chemical energy at heterojunctions of metals with semiconductors or semimetals is believed to occur by photogenerated hot electrons in metal undergoing incoherent internal photoemission through the heterojunction interface. Charge transfer, however, can also occur coherently by dipole coupling of electronic bands at the heterojunction interface. Microscopic physical insights into how transfer occurs can be elucidated by following the coherent polarization of the donor and acceptor states on the time scale of electronic dephasing. By time-resolved multiphoton photoemission spectroscopy (MPP), we investigate the coherent electron transfer from an interface state that forms upon chemisorption of Ag nanoclusters onto graphite to a σ symmetry interlayer band of graphite. Multidimensional MPP spectroscopy reveals a resonant two-photon transition, which dephases within 10 fs completing the coherent transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yanan Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - Liming Liu
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
- ICQD/Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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28
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Li Y, Guo Y, Long R, Liu D, Zhao D, Tan Y, Gao C, Shen S, Xiong Y. Steering plasmonic hot electrons to realize enhanced full-spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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29
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Biswas S, Husek J, Baker LR. Elucidating ultrafast electron dynamics at surfaces using extreme ultraviolet (XUV) reflection–absorption spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4216-4230. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01745j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved XUV reflection–absorption spectroscopy probes core-to-valence transitions to reveal state-specific electron dynamics at surfaces.
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30
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Li L, Kanai Y. Dependence of hot electron transfer on surface coverage and adsorbate species at semiconductor–molecule interfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12986-12991. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07247c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing a molecular-level understanding of how a hot electron transfer process can be enhanced at semiconductor–molecule interfaces is central to advancing various future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesheng Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- North Carolina 27599
- USA
| | - Yosuke Kanai
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Chapel Hill
- North Carolina 27599
- USA
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