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Zhang H, Liu J, Besteiro LV, Selopal GS, Zhao Z, Sun S, Rosei F. Advanced Interface Engineering in Gradient Core/Shell Quantum Dots Enables Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306203. [PMID: 38128031 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor core/shell quantum dots (QDs) are considered promising building blocks to fabricate photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells for the direct conversion of solar energy into hydrogen (H2). However, the lattice mismatch between core and shell in such QDs results in undesirable defects and severe carrier recombination, limiting photo-induced carrier separation/transfer and solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency. Here, an interface engineering approach is explored to minimize the core-shell lattice mismatch in CdS/CdSexS1-x (x = 0.09-1) core/shell QDs (g-CSG). As a proof-of-concept, PEC cells based on g-CSG QDs yield a remarkable photocurrent density of 13.1 mA cm-2 under AM 1.5 G one-sun illumination (100 mW cm-2), which is ≈54.1% and ≈33.7% higher compared to that in CdS/CdSe0.5S0.5 (g-CSA) and CdS/CdSe QDs (g-CS), respectively. Theoretical calculations and carrier dynamics confirm more efficient carrier separation and charge transfer rate in g-CSG QDs with respect to g-CSA and g-CS QDs. These results are attributed to the minimization of the core-shell lattice mismatch by the cascade gradient shell in g-CSG QDs, which modifies carrier confinement potential and reduces interfacial defects. This work provides fundamental insights into the interface engineering of core/shell QDs and may open up new avenues to boost the performance of PEC cells for H2 evolution and other QDs-based optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, P. R. China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1P7, Canada
| | | | - Gurpreet S Selopal
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1P7, Canada
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Zhenhuan Zhao
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, P. R. China
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1P7, Canada
| | - Federico Rosei
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, Québec, J3X 1P7, Canada
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Li SN, Pan JL, Yu YJ, Zhao F, Wang YK, Liao LS. Advances in Solution-Processed Blue Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101695. [PMID: 37242111 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) have been identified as a next-generation display technology owing to their low-cost manufacturing, wide color gamut, and electrically driven self-emission properties. However, the efficiency and stability of blue QLEDs still pose a significant challenge, limiting their production and potential application. This review aims to analyse the factors leading to the failure of blue QLEDs and presents a roadmap to accelerate their development based on the progress made in the synthesis of II-VI (CdSe, ZnSe) quantum dots (QDs), III-V (InP) QDs, carbon dots, and perovskite QDs. The proposed analysis will include discussions on material synthesis, core-shell structures, ligand interactions, and device fabrication, providing a comprehensive overview of these materials and their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jia-Lin Pan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan-Jun Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ya-Kun Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China
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3
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Xu CF, Liu YP, Yu Y, Meng XY, Zong H, Lv Q, Xia XY, Wang XD, Liao LS. Two-Dimensional Optical Waveguides at Telecom Wavelengths Based on Organic Single-Crystal Microsheets of a Charge Transfer Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3047-3056. [PMID: 36946651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic charge transfer (CT) cocrystals open a new door for the exploitation of low-dimensional near-infrared (NIR) emitters by a convenient self-assembly approach. However, research about the fabrication of sheet-like NIR-emitting microstructures that are significant for structural construction and integrated application is limited by the unidirectional molecular packing mode. Herein, via regulation of the biaxial intermolecular CT interaction, single-crystalline microsheets with remarkable NIR emission from 720 to 960 nm were synthesized via the solution self-assembly process of dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane. The expected sheet-like structure is conducive to achieving a two-dimensional (2D) optical waveguide with an ultralow optical loss rate of 0.250 dB/μm at 860 nm. More significantly, these as-prepared organic microsheets with tunable thicknesses (h) from 100 to 1100 nm exhibit thickness-dependent NIR optical transportation performance. These findings could pave the way to a new class of low-dimensional NIR emitters for 2D photonics at telecom wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Fei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yue Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yu Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Dong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Sheng Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China
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McDowell LL, Rastkar Mirzaei M, Shi Z. Epitaxial CdSe/PbSe Heterojunction Growth and MWIR Photovoltaic Detector. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1866. [PMID: 36902982 PMCID: PMC10004645 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel Epitaxial Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) on Lead Selenide (PbSe) type-II heterojunction photovoltaic detector has been demonstrated by Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) growth of n-type CdSe on p-type PbSe single crystalline film. The use of Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED) during the nucleation and growth of CdSe indicates high-quality single-phase cubic CdSe. This is a first-time demonstration of single crystalline and single phase CdSe growth on single crystalline PbSe, to the best of our knowledge. The current-voltage characteristic indicates a p-n junction diode with a rectifying factor over 50 at room temperature. The detector structure is characterized by radiometric measurement. A 30 μm × 30 μm pixel achieved a peak responsivity of 0.06 A/W and a specific detectivity (D*) of 6.5 × 108 Jones under a zero bias photovoltaic operation. With decreasing temperature, the optical signal increased by almost an order of magnitude as it approached 230 K (with thermoelectric cooling) while maintaining a similar level of noise, achieving a responsivity of 0.441 A/W and a D* of 4.4 × 109 Jones at 230 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance L. McDowell
- Correspondence: (L.L.M.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +1-7132084517 (L.L.M.); +1-4053254292 (Z.S.)
| | | | - Zhisheng Shi
- Correspondence: (L.L.M.); (Z.S.); Tel.: +1-7132084517 (L.L.M.); +1-4053254292 (Z.S.)
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Kottayi R, Veerappan I, Sittaramane R. Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 13:1337-1344. [PMID: 36474927 PMCID: PMC9679599 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.13.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The high light-harvesting ability of quantum dots (QDs) plays an eminent role in the performance of solar cells. In this study, we synthesized Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se-based alloyed QDs by colloidal hot injection and characterized them. The X-ray photoelectron spectrum analysis confirms the +1, +2, +3, -2, and -2 oxidation states of, respectively, Ag, Zn, Ga, S, and Se in the QDs, and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum analysis confirms the 1:1:1:1.5:1.5 stoichiometric ratio of, respectively, Ag, Zn, Ga, S, and Se. These two results indicate the formation of I-II-III-VI3-type alloyed crystals (AgZnGaS1.5Se1.5 nanocrystals). TEM image analysis reveals the QD nature of the synthesized Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se nanocrystals. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the hexagonal structure. Due to the near-infrared light absorption capability, the synthesized QDs were used as the sensitizer to fabricate QDSCs. The fabricated QDSCs were characterized by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and photovoltaic performance studies. The fabricated QDSC have superior electrochemical activity with a photoconversion efficiency of 4.91%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopakala Kottayi
- Department of Physics, Kanchi Mamunivar Govt. Institute for PG Studies and Research, Puducherry-605008, India
| | - Ilangovan Veerappan
- Department of Physics, Kanchi Mamunivar Govt. Institute for PG Studies and Research, Puducherry-605008, India
| | - Ramadasse Sittaramane
- Department of Physics, Kanchi Mamunivar Govt. Institute for PG Studies and Research, Puducherry-605008, India
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6
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Piwoński H, Nozue S, Habuchi S. The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:253-283. [PMID: 37102065 PMCID: PMC10125152 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Shortwave infrared (SWIR) fluorescence detection gradually becomes a pivotal real-time imaging modality, allowing one to elucidate biological complexity in deep tissues with subcellular resolution. The key challenge for the further growth of this imaging modality is the design of new brighter biocompatible fluorescent probes. This review summarizes the recent progress in the development of organic-based nanomaterials with an emphasis on new strategies that extend the fluorescence wavelength from the near-infrared to the SWIR spectral range and amplify the fluorescence brightness. We first introduce the most representative molecular design strategies to obtain near-infrared-SWIR wavelength fluorescence emission from small organic molecules. We then discuss how the formation of nanoparticles based on small organic molecules contributes to the improvement of fluorescence brightness and the shift of fluorescence to SWIR, with a special emphasis on the excited-state engineering of molecular probes in an aggregate state and spatial packing of the molecules in nanoparticles. We build our discussion based on a historical perspective on the photophysics of molecular aggregates. We extend this discussion to nanoparticles made of conjugated polymers and discuss how fluorescence characteristics could be improved by molecular design and chain conformation of the polymer molecules in nanoparticles. We conclude the article with future directions necessary to expand this imaging modality to wider bioimaging applications including single-particle deep tissue imaging. Issues related to the characterization of SWIR fluorophores, including fluorescence quantum yield unification, are also mentioned.
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7
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Brett MW, Gordon CK, Hardy J, Davis NJLK. The Rise and Future of Discrete Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:364-387. [PMID: 36855686 PMCID: PMC9955269 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.2c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid nanomaterials (HNs), the combination of organic semiconductor ligands attached to nanocrystal semiconductor quantum dots, have applications that span a range of practical fields, including biology, chemistry, medical imaging, and optoelectronics. Specifically, HNs operate as discrete, tunable systems that can perform prompt fluorescence, energy transfer, singlet fission, upconversion, and/or thermally activated delayed fluorescence. Interest in HNs has naturally grown over the years due to their tunability and broad spectrum of applications. This Review presents a brief introduction to the components of HNs, before expanding on the characterization and applications of HNs. Finally, the future of HN applications is discussed.
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8
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Klepzig LF, Biesterfeld L, Romain M, Niebur A, Schlosser A, Hübner J, Lauth J. Colloidal 2D PbSe nanoplatelets with efficient emission reaching the telecom O-, E- and S-band. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:590-599. [PMID: 36132696 PMCID: PMC9418099 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal two-dimensional (2D) lead chalcogenide nanoplatelets (NPLs) represent highly interesting materials for near- and short wave-infrared applications including innovative glass fiber optics exhibiting negligible attenuation. In this work, we demonstrate a direct synthesis route for 2D PbSe NPLs with cubic rock salt crystal structure at low reaction temperatures of 0 °C and room temperature. A lateral size tuning of the PbSe NPLs by controlling the temperature and by adding small amounts of octylamine to the reaction leads to excitonic absorption features in the range of 1.55-1.24 eV (800-1000 nm) and narrow photoluminescence (PL) reaching the telecom O-, E- and S-band (1.38-0.86 eV, 900-1450 nm). The PL quantum yield of the as-synthesized PbSe NPLs is more than doubled by a postsynthetic treatment with CdCl2 (e.g. from 14.7% to 37.4% for NPLs emitting at 980 nm with a FWHM of 214 meV). An analysis of the slightly asymmetric PL line shape of the PbSe NPLs and their characterization by ultrafast transient absorption and time-resolved PL spectroscopy reveal a surface trap related PL contribution which is successfully reduced by the CdCl2 treatment from 40% down to 15%. Our results open up new pathways for a direct synthesis and straightforward incorporation of colloidal PbSe NPLs as efficient infrared emitters at technologically relevant telecom wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars F Klepzig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines) 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Leon Biesterfeld
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines) 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Michel Romain
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - André Niebur
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines) 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Anja Schlosser
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE), Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 39 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Jens Hübner
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE), Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 39 30167 Hannover Germany
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover Appelstraße 2 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Jannika Lauth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover Callinstr. 3A 30167 Hannover Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD (Photonics, Optics, and Engineering - Innovation Across Disciplines) 30167 Hannover Germany
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Engineering (LNQE), Leibniz Universität Hannover Schneiderberg 39 30167 Hannover Germany
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9
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Kamath A, Melnychuk C, Guyot-Sionnest P. Toward Bright Mid-Infrared Emitters: Thick-Shell n-Type HgSe/CdS Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19567-19575. [PMID: 34752062 PMCID: PMC8630792 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A procedure is developed for the growth of thick, conformal CdS shells that preserve the optical properties of 5 nm HgSe cores. The n-doping of the HgSe/CdS core/shell particles is quantitatively tuned through a simple postsynthetic Cd treatment, while the doping is monitored via the intraband optical absorption at 5 μm wavelength. Photoluminescence lifetime and quantum yield measurements show that the CdS shell greatly increases the intraband emission intensity. This indicates that decoupling the excitation from the environment reduces the nonradiative recombination. We find that weakly n-type HgSe/CdS are the brightest solution-phase mid-infrared chromophores reported to date at room temperature, achieving intraband photoluminescence quantum yields of 2%. Such photoluminescence corresponds to intraband lifetimes in excess of 10 ns, raising important questions about the fundamental limits to achievable slow intraband relaxation in quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth Kamath
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Christopher Melnychuk
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Philippe Guyot-Sionnest
- Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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10
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Li W, Zhang G, Liu L. Near-Infrared Inorganic Nanomaterials for Precise Diagnosis and Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:768927. [PMID: 34765596 PMCID: PMC8576183 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.768927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional wavelengths (400–700 nm) have made tremendous inroads in vivo fluorescence imaging. However, the ability of visible light photon penetration hampered the bio-applications. With reduced photon scattering, minimal tissue absorption and negligible autofluorescence properties, near-infrared light (NIR 700–1700 nm) demonstrates better resolution, high signal-to-background ratios, and deep tissue penetration capability, which will be of great significance for in-vivo determination in deep tissue. In this review, we summarized the latest novel NIR inorganic nanomaterials and the emission mechanism including single-walled carbon nanotubes, rare-earth nanoparticles, quantum dots, metal nanomaterials. Subsequently, the recent progress of precise noninvasive diagnosis in biomedicine and cancer therapy utilizing near-infrared inorganic nanomaterials are discussed. In addition, this review will highlight the concerns, challenges and future directions of near-infrared light utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Li
- Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Guilong Zhang
- Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
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11
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Liu G, Liang W, Xue X, Rosei F, Wang Y. Atomic Identification of Interfaces in Individual Core@shell Quantum Dots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102784. [PMID: 34647434 PMCID: PMC8596122 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CdSe@CdS Core@shell quantum dots (QDs) have been widely studied in recent years, due to their architecture which allows to tailor properties by controlling structure and composition. However, since CdSe and CdS have the same crystal structure, same cations, and similar lattice parameters, it is very challenging to image the interface. Herein, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, high-angle annular dark-field imaging, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental mapping are combined to characterize the core@shell structure and identify the interface in the CdSe@CdS QDs with different CdS shell thicknesses. By examining changes in lattice spacing in an individual CdSe@CdS quantum dot, the atomic core@shell interface is identified. For thin-shelled QDs, an ideal coherent interface forms between core and shell due to the small lattice mismatch, and the lattice spacing remains unchanged at the core and shell regions. For thick-shelled QDs, the lattice spacing is different at the core and shell regions, while the heterostructured interface is still coherent and cannot be clearly imaged. As the shell thickness further increases, a sharp core@shell interface appears. The results define an approach to characterize the heterostructure of two materials with the same crystalline structure and cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiju Liu
- College of Physics & State Key LaboratoryQingdao UniversityNo. 308 Ningxia RoadQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Wenshuang Liang
- College of Physics & State Key LaboratoryQingdao UniversityNo. 308 Ningxia RoadQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Xuyan Xue
- College of Physics & State Key LaboratoryQingdao UniversityNo. 308 Ningxia RoadQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Centre Énergie Matériaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique1650 Boulevard Lionel‐BouletVarennesQuébecJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Yiqian Wang
- College of Physics & State Key LaboratoryQingdao UniversityNo. 308 Ningxia RoadQingdao266071P. R. China
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12
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Xu JY, Tong X, Besteiro LV, Li X, Hu C, Liu R, Channa AI, Zhao H, Rosei F, Govorov AO, Wang Q, Wang ZM. Rational synthesis of novel "giant" CuInTeSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots for optoelectronics. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:15301-15310. [PMID: 34490860 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04199a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
"Giant" core/shell quantum dots (g-QDs) are promising candidates for emerging optoelectronic technologies thanks to their facile structure/composition-tunable optoelectronic properties and outstanding photo-physical/chemical stability. Here, we synthesized a new type of CuInTeSe (CITS)/CdS g-QDs and regulated their optoelectronic properties by controlling the shell thickness. Through increasing the shell thickness, as-prepared g-QDs exhibited tunable red-shifted emission (from 900 to 1200 nm) and prolonged photoluminescence (PL) lifetimes (up to ∼14.0 μs), indicating a formed band structure showing efficient charge separation and transfer, which is further testified by theoretical calculations and ultrafast time-resolved transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. These CITS/CdS g-QDs with various shell thicknesses can be employed to fabricate photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells, exhibiting improved photoresponse and stability as compared to the bare CITS QD-based devices. The results indicate that the rational design and engineering of g-QDs is very promising for future QD-based optoelectronic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yin Xu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
| | - Lucas V Besteiro
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, J3X 1S2 Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Chenxia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Ruitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Ali Imran Channa
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- College of Physics & State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Énergie, Matériaux et Télécommunications, 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet, J3X 1S2 Varennes, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, P. R. China
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Sayevich V, Robinson ZL, Kim Y, Kozlov OV, Jung H, Nakotte T, Park YS, Klimov VI. Highly versatile near-infrared emitters based on an atomically defined HgS interlayer embedded into a CdSe/CdS quantum dot. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:673-679. [PMID: 33767383 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The availability of colloidal quantum dots with highly efficient, fast and 'non-blinking' near-infrared emission would benefit numerous applications, from advanced optical communication and quantum networks to biomedical diagnostics. Here, we report high-quality near-infrared emitters that are based on well known CdSe/CdS heterostructures. By incorporating an HgS interlayer at the quantum dot core/shell interface, we convert normally visible emitters into highly efficient near-infrared fluorophores. Employing thermodynamically controlled sequential deposition of metal and chalcogen ions, we achieve atomic-level precision in defining the thickness of the HgS interlayer (H). This manifests in 'quantized' jumps of the photoluminescence spectrum when H changes in discrete, atomic steps. The synthesized structures show highly efficient photoluminescence, tunable from 700 to 1,370 nm, and fast radiative rates of ~1/60 ns-1. The emission from individual CdSe/HgS/CdS colloidal quantum dots is virtually blinking free and exhibits nearly perfect single-photon purity. In addition, when incorporated into a light-emitting-diode architecture, these quantum dots demonstrate strong electroluminescence with a sub-bandgap turn-on voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Sayevich
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Zachary L Robinson
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Younghee Kim
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Oleg V Kozlov
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Heeyoung Jung
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Tom Nakotte
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Young-Shin Park
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
- Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Victor I Klimov
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
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14
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Kim Y, Hu Z, Avdeev ID, Singh A, Singh A, Chandrasekaran V, Nestoklon MO, Goupalov SV, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H. Interplay of Bright Triplet and Dark Excitons Revealed by Magneto-Photoluminescence of Individual PbS/CdS Quantum Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006977. [PMID: 33690965 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A low-temperature polarization-resolved magneto-photoluminescence experiment is performed on individual PbS/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs). The experiment enables a direct measurement of the exciton Landé g factor and the anisotropic zero-field splitting of the lowest emissive bright exciton triplet in PbS/CdS QDs. While anisotropic splittings of individual QDs distribute randomly in 104-325 μeV range, the exciton Landé g factors increase from 0.95 to 2.70 as the emission energy of the QD increases from 1.0 to 1.2 eV. The tight-binding calculations allow to rationalize these trends as a direct consequence of reducing a cubic symmetry of QD via addition/removal of a few (<70) atoms from the surfaces of the PbS core. Furthermore, it is observed that while right (σ + ) and left (σ - ) circularly polarized photoluminescence (PL) peaks split linearly with magnetic field as expected for Zeeman effect, the energy splitting between X and Y linearly polarized PL peaks remains nearly unchanged. The theoretical study reveals rich and complex magnetic field-induced interplay of bright triplet and dark exciton states explaining this puzzling behavior. These findings fill the missing gaps in the understanding of lead salt QDs and provide foundation for development of classical and quantum light sources operating at telecommunication wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younghee Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Zhongjian Hu
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Ajay Singh
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Amita Singh
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Vigneshwaran Chandrasekaran
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - Serguei V Goupalov
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russia
- Department of Physics, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Han Htoon
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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15
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Ren S, Wang M, Wang X, Han G, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Vomiero A. Near-infrared heavy-metal-free SnSe/ZnSe quantum dots for efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:3519-3527. [PMID: 33566048 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09154e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production is one of the most effective strategies for solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion. Among various types of semiconductors used for PEC anodes, colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have been widely used as new and promising absorbers for PEC and other optoelectronic devices. However, currently, most efficient optoelectronic devices contain toxic Pb/Cd elements or non-earth-abundant elements (In/Ag). It is still a challenge to produce Pb/Cd-free QDs without using any toxic and non-earth-abundant elements. Here, we synthesized SnSe QDs via a diffusion-controlled hot injection approach and further stabilized the as-prepared SnSe QDs via a cation exchange reaction. The as-synthesized Zn-stabilized SnSe QDs (SnSe/ZnSe) have an orthorhombic crystal structure with indirect bandgaps ranging from 1 to 1.37 eV. Zn stabilization can significantly decrease the number of QD surface metallic Sn bonds, thereby decreasing the number of recombination centers of defects/traps. As a proof-of-concept, SnSe/ZnSe QDs are used as light absorbers for PEC hydrogen production, leading to a saturated photocurrent density of 7 mA cm-2, which is comparable to best values reported for PEC devices based on toxic-metal-free QDs. Our results indicate that Zn-stabilized SnSe QDs have great potential for use in emerging optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihuan Ren
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Maorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles & College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Guangting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles & College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles & College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles & College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Alberto Vomiero
- Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden and Department of Molecular Sciences and Nano Systems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy.
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16
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Krishnamurthy S, Singh A, Hu Z, Blake AV, Kim Y, Singh A, Dolgopolova EA, Williams DJ, Piryatinski A, Malko AV, Htoon H, Sykora M, Hollingsworth JA. PbS/CdS Quantum Dot Room-Temperature Single-Emitter Spectroscopy Reaches the Telecom O and S Bands via an Engineered Stability. ACS NANO 2021; 15:575-587. [PMID: 33381968 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized PbS/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs) to have functional single-emitter properties for room-temperature, solid-state operation in the telecom O and S bands. Two shell-growth methods-cation exchange and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR)-were employed to prepare QD heterostructures with shells of 2-16 monolayers. PbS/CdS QDs were sufficiently bright and stable to resolve photoluminescence (PL) spectra representing both bands from single nanocrystals using standard detection methods, and for a QD emitting in the O-band a second-order correlation function showed strong photon antibunching, important steps toward demonstrating the utility of lead chalcogenide QDs as single-photon emitters (SPEs). Irrespective of type, few telecom-SPEs exist that are capable of such room-temperature operation. Access to single-QD spectra enabled a direct assessment of spectral line width, which was ∼70-90 meV compared to much broader ensemble spectra (∼300 meV). We show inhomogeneous broadening results from dispersity in PbS core sizes that increases dramatically with extended cation exchange. Quantum yields (QYs) are negatively impacted at thick shells (>6 monolayers) and, especially, by SILAR-growth conditions. Time-resolved PL measurements revealed that, with SILAR, initially single-exponential PL-decays transition to biexponential, with opening of nonradiative carrier-recombination channels. Radiative decay times are, overall, longer for core/shell QDs compared to PbS cores, which we demonstrate can be partially attributed to some core/shell sizes occupying a quasi-type II electron-hole localization regime. Finally, we demonstrate that shell engineering and the use of lower laser-excitation powers can afford significantly suppressed blinking and photobleaching. However, dependence on shell thickness comes at a cost of less-than-optimal brightness, with implications for both materials and experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachidananda Krishnamurthy
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson 75080, Texas, United States
| | - Ajay Singh
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Zhongjian Hu
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Anastasia V Blake
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Younghee Kim
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Amita Singh
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Ekaterina A Dolgopolova
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Darrick J Williams
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Anton V Malko
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson 75080, Texas, United States
| | - Han Htoon
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
| | - Milan Sykora
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Comenius University, Bratislava 84104, Slovakia
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Materials Physics and Applications Division: Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos 87545, New Mexico, United States
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17
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Hu Z, Kim Y, Krishnamurthy S, Avdeev ID, Nestoklon MO, Singh A, Malko AV, Goupalov SV, Hollingsworth JA, Htoon H. Intrinsic Exciton Photophysics of PbS Quantum Dots Revealed by Low-Temperature Single Nanocrystal Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:8519-8525. [PMID: 31714793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With a tunable size-dependent photoluminescence (PL) over a wide infrared wavelength range, lead chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) have attracted significant scientific and technological interest. Nevertheless, the investigation of intrinsic exciton photophysics at the single-QD level has remained a challenge. Herein, we present a comprehensive study of PL properties for the individual core/shell PbS/CdS QDs emissive near 1.0 eV. In contrast to the sub-meV spectral line widths observed for II/VI QDs, PbS/CdS QDs are predicted to possess broad homogeneous line widths. Performing spectroscopy at cryogenic (4 K) temperatures, we provide direct evidence confirming theoretical predictions, showing that intrinsic line widths for PbS/CdS QDs are in the range of 8-25 meV, with an average of 16.4 meV. In addition, low-temperature, single-QD spectroscopy reveals a broad low-energy side emission attributable to optical as well as localized acoustic phonon-assisted transitions. By tracking single QDs from 4 to 250 K, we were able to probe temperature-dependent evolutions of emission energy, line width, and line shape. Finally, polarization-resolved PL imaging showed that PbS/CdS QDs are characterized by a 3D emission dipole, in contrast with the 2D dipole observed for CdSe QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Hu
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Younghee Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Sachidananda Krishnamurthy
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
- Department of Physics , The University of Texas at Dallas , Richardson , Texas 75080 , United States
| | | | | | - Ajay Singh
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Anton V Malko
- Department of Physics , The University of Texas at Dallas , Richardson , Texas 75080 , United States
| | - Serguei V Goupalov
- Ioffe Institute , 194021 St. Petersburg , Russia
- Department of Physics , Jackson State University , Jackson , Mississippi 39217 , United States
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Han Htoon
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Material Physics and Applications Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
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18
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McBride JR, Rosenthal SJ. Real colloidal quantum dot structures revealed by high resolution analytical electron microscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:160903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James R. McBride
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Sandra J. Rosenthal
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
- Department of Interdisciplinary Materials Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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19
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Liu J, Zhao X, Xu H, Wang Z, Dai Z. Amino Acid-Capped Water-Soluble Near-Infrared Region CuInS2/ZnS Quantum Dots for Selective Cadmium Ion Determination and Multicolor Cell Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8987-8993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hanyu Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyin Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- Nanjing Normal University Center for Analysis and Testing, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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20
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Elzorkany HE, Farghali MA, Hassan MA, El-Sayed K, Canonico M, Konert G, Farroh K, Elshoky HA, Kaňa R. Ecotoxicology impact of silica-coated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots internalized in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algal cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:480-489. [PMID: 30802663 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of quantum dots (QD) in various medical and industrial applications may cause these nanoparticles to leak into waterways and subsequently enter the food chain. Therefore, if we intend to use QD, we must first know their potential environmental implications. In this work, cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide core/shell QD were synthesized, and then, biocompatible, water-dispersed QD were coated with silica (Si-QD). The QD were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV-Vis absorption analysis, which revealed that these surface-engineered QD have a highly crystalline, homogeneous spherical shape measuring approximately 25 nm. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles in the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was studied by incubating the algae cells with Si-QD and determining the optical density of algal cell culture, cell counts, and cells sizes by microflow cytometry. These measurements indicated that Si-QD are biocompatible up to a concentration of 25 ng/ml. Finally, the cellular uptake of Si-QD into C. reinhardtii was monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In conclusion, our results reveal that surface-engineered Cd-QD can penetrate the cells of aquatic organisms, which ensures a serious impact on the food chain and consequently the environment. On the other hand, the results also highlight a new potential method for bioremediation of Cd-QD by green algae, especially C. reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Elsayed Elzorkany
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Farghali
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hassan
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kh El-Sayed
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Myriam Canonico
- Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Centrum Algatech, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Grzegorz Konert
- Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Centrum Algatech, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Khaled Farroh
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hisham A Elshoky
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Central Lab. (NAMCL), Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Radek Kaňa
- Institute of Microbiology, CAS, Centrum Algatech, Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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21
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Huang Z, Lee Tang M. Semiconductor Nanocrystal Light Absorbers for Photon Upconversion. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6198-6206. [PMID: 30380890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) can initiate energy and charge transfer in multiple applications with their unique optical and electronic properties. In particular, NCs are excellent light absorbers for initiating triplet energy transfer (TET) to organic molecules, a key step in triplet-fusion-based photon upconversion. Triplet energy transfer across this inorganic-organic interface is one of the bottlenecks that currently limits the overall photon upconversion quantum yield. In this Perspective, we summarize the progress made in the past three years on this hybrid photon upconversion platform. We discuss the effects of NC size, composition, and surface states on TET. Nanocrystal surface engineering may address the loss mechanisms arising from defect states and exciton-phonon coupling. Alternative materials for NC triplet photosensitizers that do not contain toxic heavy metals will be especially useful for various biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Ming Lee Tang
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
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22
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Zhao H, Liu J, Vidal F, Vomiero A, Rosei F. Tailoring the interfacial structure of colloidal "giant" quantum dots for optoelectronic applications. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17189-17197. [PMID: 30191225 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04313b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are promising building blocks for the realization of future optoelectronic technologies, thanks to their size-tunable electronic and optical properties. Among various types of QDs, colloidal "giant" QDs (g-QDs, core/thick-shell) have been widely used in different applications, such as solar cells, light emitting devices, luminescent solar concentrators and photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production. However, g-QDs have a thick-shell which serves as a physical barrier for electron and hole transfer, leading to a slow charge transfer rate. In this work, we synthesized CdSe/CdSexS1-x/CdS core/shell/shell g-QDs with an intermediate CdSexS1-x alloyed layer. The presence of this interfacial layer largely improves the absorption of CdSe/CdS QDs, particularly in the 300-650 nm range. By engineering the interfacial layer, the holes can leak more into the CdS shell region compared to that of CdSe/CdS QDs. PEC devices based on alloyed g-QDs exhibit a 20% higher saturated photocurrent density (11 ± 0.5 mA cm-2) compared to CdSe/CdS QDs. In addition, after one-hour illumination (100 mW cm-2), the PEC cell based on alloyed g-QDs still exhibits a photocurrent density of 7.5 mA cm-2, maintaining 70% of its initial value. Such alloyed g-QDs are very promising for several emerging optoelectronic applications, where charge separation, transfer and transport play a critical role for the realization of high performance devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory & College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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23
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Tong X, Kong X, Wang C, Zhou Y, Navarro‐Pardo F, Barba D, Ma D, Sun S, Govorov AO, Zhao H, Wang ZM, Rosei F. Optoelectronic Properties in Near-Infrared Colloidal Heterostructured Pyramidal "Giant" Core/Shell Quantum Dots. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800656. [PMID: 30128262 PMCID: PMC6097093 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal heterostructured quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices. In particular, "giant" core/shell QDs (g-QDs) can be engineered to exhibit outstanding optical properties and high chemical/photostability for the fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic devices. Here, the synthesis of heterostructured CuInSe x S2-x (CISeS)/CdSeS/CdS g-QDs with pyramidal shape by using a facile two-step method is reported. The CdSeS/CdS shell is demonstrated to have a pure zinc blend phase other than typical wurtzite phase. The as-obtained heterostructured g-QDs exhibit near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) emission (≈830 nm) and very long PL lifetime (in the microsecond range). The pyramidal g-QDs exhibit a quasi-type II band structure with spatial separation of electron-hole wave function, suggesting an efficient exciton extraction and transport, which is consistent with theoretical calculations. These heterostructured g-QDs are used as light harvesters to fabricate a photoelectrochemical cell, exhibiting a saturated photocurrent density as high as ≈5.5 mA cm-2 and good stability under 1 sun illumination (AM 1.5 G, 100 mW cm-2). These results are an important step toward using heterostructured pyramidal g-QDs for prospective applications in solar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Xiang‐Tian Kong
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Department of Physics and AstronomyOhio UniversityAthensOH45701USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Fabiola Navarro‐Pardo
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - David Barba
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Dongling Ma
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | - Shuhui Sun
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
| | | | - Haiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory and College of PhysicsQingdao UniversityQingdao266071P. R. China
| | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Federico Rosei
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054P. R. China
- Institut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications1650 Boul. Lionel BouletVarennesQCJ3X 1S2Canada
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24
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Dawood F, Wang J, Schulze PA, Sheehan CJ, Buck MR, Dennis AM, Majumder S, Krishnamurthy S, Ticknor M, Staude I, Brener I, Goodwin PM, Amro NA, Hollingsworth JA. The Role of Liquid Ink Transport in the Direct Placement of Quantum Dot Emitters onto Sub-Micrometer Antennas by Dip-Pen Nanolithography. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801503. [PMID: 29952107 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is used to precisely position core/thick-shell ("giant") quantum dots (gQDs; ≥10 nm in diameter) exclusively on top of silicon nanodisk antennas (≈500 nm diameter pillars with a height of ≈200 nm), resulting in periodic arrays of hybrid nanostructures and demonstrating a facile integration strategy toward next-generation quantum light sources. A three-step reading-inking-writing approach is employed, where atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of the pre-patterned substrate topography are used as maps to direct accurate placement of nanocrystals. The DPN "ink" comprises gQDs suspended in a non-aqueous carrier solvent, o-dichlorobenzene. Systematic analyses of factors influencing deposition rate for this non-conventional DPN ink are described for flat substrates and used to establish the conditions required to achieve small (sub-500 nm) feature sizes, namely: dwell time, ink-substrate contact angle and ink volume. Finally, it is shown that the rate of solvent transport controls the feature size in which gQDs are found on the substrate, but also that the number and consistency of nanocrystals deposited depends on the stability of the gQD suspension. Overall, the results lay the groundwork for expanded use of nanocrystal liquid inks and DPN for fabrication of multi-component nanostructures that are challenging to create using traditional lithographic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Dawood
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Jun Wang
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Peter A Schulze
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Chris J Sheehan
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Matthew R Buck
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Allison M Dennis
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Somak Majumder
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Sachi Krishnamurthy
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Matthew Ticknor
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 0200, Australia
| | - Igal Brener
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Peter M Goodwin
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Nabil A Amro
- Advanced Creative Solutions Technology, Carlsbad, CA, 92008, USA
| | - Jennifer A Hollingsworth
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
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