1
|
Iqbal M, Robert-Nicoud G, Ciurans-Oset M, Akhtar F, Hedin N, Bengtsson T. Mesoporous Silica Particles Retain Their Structure and Function while Passing through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Mice and Humans. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:9542-9553. [PMID: 36731867 PMCID: PMC9951217 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) can be used as food additives, clinically for therapeutic applications, or as oral delivery vehicles. It has also been discussed to be used for a number of novel applications including treatment for diabetes and obesity. However, a major question for their possible usage has been if these particles persist structurally and retain their effect when passing through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). A substantial breaking down of the particles could reduce function and be clinically problematic for safety issues. Hence, we investigated the biostability of MSPs of the SBA-15 kind prepared at large scales (100 and 1000 L). The MSPs were orally administered in a murine model and clinically in humans. A joint extraction and calcination method was developed to recover the MSPs from fecal mass, and the MSPs were characterized physically, structurally, morphologically, and functionally before and after GIT passage. Analyses with N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and as a proxy for general function, adsorption of the enzyme α-amylase, were conducted. The adsorption capacity of α-amylase on extracted MSPs was not reduced as compared to the pristine and control MSPs, and adsorption of up to 17% (w/w) was measured. It was demonstrated that the particles did not break down to any substantial degree and retained their function after passing through the GITs of the murine model and in humans. The fact the particles were not absorbed into the body was ascribed to that they were micron-sized and ingested as agglomerates and too big to pass the intestinal barrier. The results strongly suggest that orally ingested MSPs can be used for a number of clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Naeem Iqbal
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
- Sigrid
Therapeutics AB, Stockholm, Stockholm113 29, Sweden
| | - Ghislaine Robert-Nicoud
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
- Sigrid
Therapeutics AB, Stockholm, Stockholm113 29, Sweden
| | - Marina Ciurans-Oset
- Division
of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, LuleåSE-971 87, Sweden
| | - Farid Akhtar
- Division
of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, LuleåSE-971 87, Sweden
| | - Niklas Hedin
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Tore Bengtsson
- Sigrid
Therapeutics AB, Stockholm, Stockholm113 29, Sweden
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, StockholmSE-106 91, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zheng Y, Wang L, Liu H, Yang J, Zhang R, Zhang L, Qiao Z. A Modular Co‐assembly Strategy for Ordered Mesoporous Perovskite Oxides with Abundant Surface Active Sites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209038. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuenan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Luoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| | - Zhen‐An Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun, Jilin 130012 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng Y, Wang L, Liu H, Yang J, Zhang R, Zhang L, Qiao ZA. A Modular Co‐assembly Strategy for Ordered Mesoporous Perovskite Oxides with Abundant Surface Active Sites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luoqi Wang
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Rui Zhang
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ling Zhang
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhen-An Qiao
- Jilin University Department of Chemistry 2699 Qianjin Street 130012 Changchun CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Månsson LK, Pitenis AA, Wilson MZ. Extracellular Optogenetics at the Interface of Synthetic Biology and Materials Science. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:903982. [PMID: 35774061 PMCID: PMC9237228 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.903982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We review fundamental mechanisms and applications of OptoGels: hydrogels with light-programmable properties endowed by photoswitchable proteins (“optoproteins”) found in nature. Light, as the primary source of energy on earth, has driven evolution to develop highly-tuned functionalities, such as phototropism and circadian entrainment. These functions are mediated through a growing family of optoproteins that respond to the entire visible spectrum ranging from ultraviolet to infrared by changing their structure to transmit signals inside of cells. In a recent series of articles, engineers and biochemists have incorporated optoproteins into a variety of extracellular systems, endowing them with photocontrollability. While other routes exist for dynamically controlling material properties, light-sensitive proteins have several distinct advantages, including precise spatiotemporal control, reversibility, substrate selectivity, as well as biodegradability and biocompatibility. Available conjugation chemistries endow OptoGels with a combinatorially large design space determined by the set of optoproteins and polymer networks. These combinations result in a variety of tunable material properties. Despite their potential, relatively little of the OptoGel design space has been explored. Here, we aim to summarize innovations in this emerging field and highlight potential future applications of these next generation materials. OptoGels show great promise in applications ranging from mechanobiology, to 3D cell and organoid engineering, and programmable cell eluting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Månsson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Angela A. Pitenis
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- Center for BioEngineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Angela A. Pitenis, ; Maxwell Z. Wilson,
| | - Maxwell Z. Wilson
- Center for BioEngineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Angela A. Pitenis, ; Maxwell Z. Wilson,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Improved Microbial Fuel Cell Performance by Engineering E. coli for Enhanced Affinity to Gold. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14175389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Microorganism affinity for surfaces can be controlled by introducing material binding motifs into proteins such as fimbrial tip and outer membrane proteins. Here, controlled surface affinity is used to manipulate and enhance electrical power production in a typical bioelectrochemical system, a microbial fuel cell (MFC). Specifically, gold-binding motifs of various affinity were introduced into two scaffolds in Escherichia coli: eCPX, a modified version of outer membrane protein X (OmpX), and FimH, the tip protein of the fimbriae. The behavior of these strains on gold electrodes was examined in small-scale (240 µL) MFCs and 40 mL U-tube MFCs. A clear correlation between the affinity of a strain for a gold surface and the peak voltage produced during MFC operation is shown in the small-scale MFCs; strains displaying peptides with high affinity for gold generate potentials greater than 80 mV while strains displaying peptides with minimal affinity to gold produce potentials around 30 mV. In the larger MFCs, E. coli strains with high affinity to gold exhibit power densities up to 0.27 mW/m2, approximately a 10-fold increase over unengineered strains lacking displayed peptides. Moreover, in the case of the modified FimH strains, this increased power production is sustained for five days.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Wang J, Teng W, Hung CT, Zhai Y, Shen D, Li W. Ultrahigh Adsorption Capacity and Kinetics of Vertically Oriented Mesoporous Coatings for Removal of Organic Pollutants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101363. [PMID: 34216424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient removal of organic pollutants currently is a main worldwide concern in water treatment, and highly challenging. Here, vertically oriented mesoporous coatings (MCs) with tunable surface properties and pore sizes have been developed via the single-micelle directing assembly strategy, which show good adsorption performances toward a wide range of organic pollutants. The micelle size and structure can be precisely regulated by oil molecules based on their n-octanol/water partition coefficients (Log P) in the oil-water diphase assembly system, which are critical to the pore size and pore surface property of the MCs. The affinity and steric effects of the MCs can be on-demand adjusted, as a result, the MCs show a ultrahigh adsorption capacity (263 mg g-1 ), surface occupancy ratio (≈41.92%), and adsorption rate (≈10.85 mg g-1 min-1 ) for microcystin-LR, which is among the best performances up to date. The MCs also show an excellent universality to remove organic pollutants with different properties. Moreover, overcoming the challenges proposed by particulate absorbents, the MCs are stable and can be easily regenerated and reused without secondary contamination. This work paves a new route to the synthesis of high-quality MCs for water purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Chin-Te Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yunpu Zhai
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dengke Shen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sartori B, Amenitsch H, Marmiroli B. Functionalized Mesoporous Thin Films for Biotechnology. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:740. [PMID: 34202530 PMCID: PMC8304103 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous materials bear great potential for biotechnological applications due to their biocompatibility and versatility. Their high surface area and pore interconnection allow the immobilization of molecules and their subsequent controlled delivery. Modifications of the mesoporous material with the addition of different chemical species, make them particularly suitable for the production of bioactive coatings. Functionalized thin films of mesoporous silica and titania can be used as scaffolds with properties as diverse as promotion of cell growth, inhibition of biofilms formation, or development of sensors based on immobilized enzymes. The possibility to pattern them increase their appeal as they can be incorporated into devices and can be tailored both with respect to architecture and functionalization. In fact, selective surface manipulation is the ground for the fabrication of advanced micro devices that combine standard micro/nanofluids with functional materials. In this review, we will present the advantages of the functionalization of silica and titania mesoporous materials deposited in thin film. Different functional groups used to modify their properties will be summarized, as well as functionalization methods and some examples of applications of modified materials, thus giving an overview of the essential role of functionalization to improve the performance of such innovative materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benedetta Marmiroli
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria; (B.S.); (H.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Georgieva ER. Protein Conformational Dynamics upon Association with the Surfaces of Lipid Membranes and Engineered Nanoparticles: Insights from Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Molecules 2020; 25:E5393. [PMID: 33218036 PMCID: PMC7698768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Detailed study of conformational rearrangements and dynamics of proteins is central to our understanding of their physiological functions and the loss of function. This review outlines the applications of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique to study the structural aspects of proteins transitioning from a solution environment to the states in which they are associated with the surfaces of biological membranes or engineered nanoobjects. In the former case these structural transitions generally underlie functional protein states. The latter case is mostly relevant to the application of protein immobilization in biotechnological industries, developing methods for protein purification, etc. Therefore, evaluating the stability of the protein functional state is particularly important. EPR spectroscopy in the form of continuous-wave EPR or pulse EPR distance measurements in conjunction with protein spin labeling provides highly versatile and sensitive tools to characterize the changes in protein local dynamics as well as large conformational rearrangements. The technique can be widely utilized in studies of both protein-membrane and engineered nanoobject-protein complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elka R Georgieva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moon H, Han S, Scott SL. Tuning molecular adsorption in SBA-15-type periodic mesoporous organosilicas by systematic variation of their surface polarity. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3702-3712. [PMID: 33209241 PMCID: PMC7643544 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00168f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface polarity plays a key role in controlling molecular adsorption at solid-liquid interfaces, with major implications for reactions and separations. In this study, the chemical composition of periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) was varied by co-condensing Si(OEt)4 with organodisilanes, to create a homologous series of materials with similar surface areas, pore volumes, and hydroxyl contents. Their relative surface polarities, obtained by measuring the fluorescence of a solvatochromic dye, cover a wide range. In this series of PMO materials, EPR spectra of tethered nitroxide radicals show monotonically decreasing mobility as larger fractions of the radicals interact strongly with increasingly non-polar surfaces. The surface properties of the materials also correlate with their affinities for organic molecules dissolved in various solvents. The most polar PMO has negligible affinity for phenol, p-cresol, or furfural when these molecules are dissolved in water. However, stronger solute-surface interactions and favor adsorption as the surface polarity decreases. The trend is reversed for furfural in benzene, where weaker solvent-surface interactions result in higher adsorption on polar surfaces. In DMSO, furfural adsorption is suppressed due to the similar strengths of solute-surface and solvent-surface interactions. Thus, the polarity of the surface relative to the solvent is critical for molecular adsorption. These findings show how adsorption/desorption can be precisely and systematically tuned by appropriate choice of both solvent and surface, and contribute to a predictive strategy for the design of catalytic and separations processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , USA . ;
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , USA . ;
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-9510 , USA
| | - Susannah L Scott
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-5080 , USA . ;
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , California 93106-9510 , USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Han CT, Song J, Chan T, Pruett C, Han S. Electrostatic Environment of Proteorhodopsin Affects the pKa of Its Buried Primary Proton Acceptor. Biophys J 2020; 118:1838-1849. [PMID: 32197061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The protonation state of embedded charged residues in transmembrane proteins (TMPs) can control the onset of protein function. It is understood that interactions between an embedded charged residue and other charged or polar residues in the moiety would influence its pKa, but how the surrounding environment in which the TMP resides affects the pKa of these residues is unclear. Proteorhodopsin (PR), a light-responsive proton pump from marine bacteria, was used as a model to examine externally accessible factors that tune the pKa of its embedded charged residue, specifically its primary proton acceptor D97. The pKa of D97 was compared between PR reconstituted in liposomes with different net headgroup charges and equilibrated in buffer with different ion concentrations. For PR reconstituted in net positively charged compared to net negatively charged liposomes in low-salt buffer solutions, a drop of the apparent pKa from 7.6 to 5.6 was observed, whereas intrinsic pKa modeled with surface pH calculated from Gouy-Chapman predictions found an opposite trend for the pKa change, suggesting that surface pH does not account for the main changes observed in the apparent pKa. This difference in the pKa of D97 observed from PR reconstituted in oppositely charged liposome environments disappeared when the NaCl concentration was increased to 150 mM. We suggest that protein-intrinsic structural properties must play a role in adjusting the local microenvironment around D97 to affect its pKa, as corroborated with observations of changes in protein side-chain and hydration dynamics around the E-F loop of PR. Understanding the effect of externally controllable factors in tuning the pKa of TMP-embedded charged residues is important for bioengineering and biomedical applications relying on TMP systems, in which the onset of functions can be controlled by the protonation state of embedded residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ta Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Jichao Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Tristan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Christine Pruett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gaitzsch J, Hirschi S, Freimann S, Fotiadis D, Meier W. Directed Insertion of Light-Activated Proteorhodopsin into Asymmetric Polymersomes from an ABC Block Copolymer. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2503-2508. [PMID: 30875467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscopic artificial vesicles containing functional protein transporters are fundamental for synthetic biology. Energy-providing modules, such as proton pumps, are a basis for simple nanoreactors. We report on the first insertion of a functional transmembrane protein into asymmetric polymersomes from an ABC triblock copolymer. The polymer with the composition poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEG-PDPA-PSS) was synthesized by sequential controlled radical polymerization. PEG and PSS are two distinctively different hydrophilic blocks, allowing for a specific orientation of our protein, the light-activated proton pump proteorhodopsin (PR), into the final proteopolymersome. A very interesting aspect of the PEG-PDPA-PSS triblock copolymers is that it allowed for simultaneous vesicle formation and oriented insertion of PR simply by adjusting the pH. The intrinsic positive charge of PR's intracellular surface was enhanced by a His-tag, which aligns readily with the negative charges of the PSS on the outside of the polymersomes. The directed insertion of PR was confirmed by a light-dependent pH change of the proteopolymersome solution, indicating the intended orientation. We have hereby demonstrated the first successful oriented insertion of a proton pump into an artificial asymmetric membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Gaitzsch
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Stephan Hirschi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , University of Bern , Bühlstrasse 28 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Sven Freimann
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios Fotiadis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine , University of Bern , Bühlstrasse 28 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry , University of Basel , Klingelbergstrasse 80 , 4058 Basel , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Björk EM, Baumann B, Hausladen F, Wittig R, Lindén M. Cell adherence and drug delivery from particle based mesoporous silica films. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17745-17753. [PMID: 35520598 PMCID: PMC9064623 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02823d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatially and temporally controlled drug delivery is important for implant and tissue engineering applications, as the efficacy and bioavailability of the drug can be enhanced, and can also allow for drugging stem cells at different stages of development. Long-term drug delivery over weeks to months is however difficult to achieve, and coating of 3D surfaces or creating patterned surfaces is a challenge using coating techniques like spin- and dip-coating. In this study, mesoporous films consisting of SBA-15 particles grown onto silicon wafers using wet processing were evaluated as a scaffold for drug delivery. Films with various particle sizes (100–900 nm) and hence thicknesses were grown onto trichloro(octadecyl)silane-functionalized silicon wafers using a direct growth method. Precise patterning of the areas for film growth could be obtained by local removal of the OTS functionalization through laser ablation. The films were incubated with the drug model 3,3′-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), and murine myoblast cells (C2C12 cells) were seeded onto films with different particle sizes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to study the cell growth, and a vinculin-mediated adherence of C2C12 cells on all films was verified. The successful loading of DiO into the films was confirmed by UV-vis and CLSM. It was observed that the drugs did not desorb from the particles during 24 hours in cell culture. During adherent growth on the films for 4 h, small amounts of DiO and separate particles were observed inside single cells. After 24 h, a larger number of particles and a strong DiO signal were recorded in the cells, indicating a particle mediated drug uptake. The vast majority of the DiO-loaded particles remained attached to the substrate also after 24 h of incubation, making the films attractive as longer-term reservoirs for drugs on e.g. medical implants. Particle-based mesoporous silica films synthesized through a direct growth method were successfully used as a drug delivery system.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Björk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry II
- University of Ulm
- 890 81 Ulm
- Germany
- Nanostructured Materials
| | - Bernhard Baumann
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry II
- University of Ulm
- 890 81 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Florian Hausladen
- Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM)
- Ulm University
- 890 81 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Rainer Wittig
- Institute for Laser Technologies in Medicine & Metrology (ILM)
- Ulm University
- 890 81 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Mika Lindén
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry II
- University of Ulm
- 890 81 Ulm
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|