1
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Xu Y, Teng C, Wang Y, Chen D, Yin D, Yan L. Self-enhanced regulation of stable organic radicals with polypeptide nanoparticles for mild second near-infrared phototheranostics. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 669:578-589. [PMID: 38729006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Stable organic radicals have emerged as a promising option to enhance fluorescence quantum yield (QY), gaining traction in medical treatment due to their unique electronic transitions from the ground state (D0) to the doublet excited state (D1). We synthesized a stable dicyanomethyl radical with a NIR-II fluorescence QY of 0.86 %, surpassing many NIR-II organic dyes. Subsequently, amphiphilic polymer-encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs) containing the radical were created, achieving a NIR-II fluorescence QY of 0.32 %, facilitating high-contrast bio-imaging. These CNPPs exhibit self-enhanced photothermal properties, elevating photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) from 43.5 % to 57.5 % under 915 nm laser irradiation. This advancement enables more efficient photothermal therapy (PTT) with lower dye concentrations and reduced laser power, enhancing both feasibility and safety. Through regular fractionated mild photothermal therapy, we observed the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and an increase in cytokine expression, culminating in combined mild phototherapy (m-PTT)-mediated immunogenic cell death (ICD). Consequently, we developed an immunostimulatory tumor vaccine, showcasing a novel approach for refining photothermal agents (PTA) and optimizing the PTT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Changchang Teng
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yating Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Dejia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Dalong Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai road 96. 230026, Anhui, PR China.
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2
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Yang C, Chen Z, Yu C, Cao J, Ke G, Zhu W, Liang W, Huang J, Cai W, Saha C, Sabuj MA, Rai N, Li X, Yang J, Li Y, Huang F, Guo X. Regulation of quantum spin conversions in a single molecular radical. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:978-985. [PMID: 38448520 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Free radicals, generally formed through the cleavage of covalent electron-pair bonds, play an important role in diverse fields ranging from synthetic chemistry to spintronics and nonlinear optics. However, the characterization and regulation of the radical state at a single-molecule level face formidable challenges. Here we present the detection and sophisticated tuning of the open-shell character of individual diradicals with a donor-acceptor structure via a sensitive single-molecule electrical approach. The radical is sandwiched between nanogapped graphene electrodes via covalent amide bonds to construct stable graphene-molecule-graphene single-molecule junctions. We measure the electrical conductance as a function of temperature and track the evolution of the closed-shell and open-shell electronic structures in real time, the open-shell triplet state being stabilized with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we tune the spin states by external stimuli, such as electrical and magnetic fields, and extract thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the transition between closed-shell and open-shell states. Our findings provide insights into the evolution of single-molecule radicals under external stimuli, which may proof instrumental for the development of functional quantum spin-based molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyao Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Centre, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cuiju Yu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Centre, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guojun Ke
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weiya Zhu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weixuan Liang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Cai
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chinmoy Saha
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Md Abdus Sabuj
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Neeraj Rai
- Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Advanced Vehicular Systems, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Xingxing Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Centre, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Centre of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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3
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Qi Q, Tian G, Ma L. Enhancing the thermopower of single-molecule junctions by edge substitution effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11340-11346. [PMID: 38564269 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06176k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Heteroatom substitution and anchoring groups have an important impact on the thermoelectric properties of single-molecule junctions. Herein, thermoelectric properties of several anthracene derivative based single-molecule junctions are studied by means of first-principles calculations. In particular, we pay great attention to the edge substitution effects and find that edge substitution with nitrogen can induce a transmission peak near the Fermi energy, leading to large transmission coefficients and electrical conductance at the Fermi energy. Additionally, the steep shape of the transmission function gives rise to a high Seebeck coefficient. Therefore, an enhanced power factor can be expected. The robustness of this edge substitution effect has been examined by altering the electrode distance and introducing heteroatoms at different positions. The enhancement of the power factor due to edge substitution makes the studied single-molecule junction a promising candidate for efficient thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Guangjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Material Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China.
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4
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Ju CW, Shen Y, French EJ, Yi J, Bi H, Tian A, Lin Z. Accurate Electronic and Optical Properties of Organic Doublet Radicals Using Machine Learned Range-Separated Functionals. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38382058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Luminescent organic semiconducting doublet-spin radicals are unique and emergent optical materials because their fluorescent quantum yields (Φfl) are not compromised by the spin-flipping intersystem crossing (ISC) into a dark high-spin state. The multiconfigurational nature of these radicals challenges their electronic structure calculations in the framework of single-reference density functional theory (DFT) and introduces room for method improvement. In the present study, we extended our earlier development of ML-ωPBE [J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2021, 12, 9516-9524], a range-separated hybrid (RSH) exchange-correlation (XC) functional constructed using the stacked ensemble machine learning (SEML) algorithm, from closed-shell organic semiconducting molecules to doublet-spin organic semiconducting radicals. We assessed its performance for a new test set of 64 doublet-spin radicals from five categories while placing all previously compiled 3926 closed-shell molecules in the new training set. Interestingly, ML-ωPBE agrees with the nonempirical OT-ωPBE functional regarding the prediction of the molecule-dependent range-separation parameter (ω), with a small mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0197 a0-1, but saves the computational cost by 2.46 orders of magnitude. This result demonstrates an outstanding domain adaptation capacity of ML-ωPBE for diverse organic semiconducting species. To further assess the predictive power of ML-ωPBE in experimental observables, we also applied it to evaluate absorption and fluorescence energies (Eabs and Efl) using linear-response time-dependent DFT (TDDFT), and we compared its behavior with nine popular XC functionals. For most radicals, ML-ωPBE reproduces experimental measurements of Eabs and Efl with small MAEs of 0.299 and 0.254 eV, only marginally different from those of OT-ωPBE. Our work illustrates a successful extension of the SEML framework from closed-shell molecules to doublet-spin radicals and will open the venue for calculating optical properties for organic semiconductors using single-reference TDDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Ju
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yili Shen
- Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Ethan J French
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Hongshan Bi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Aaron Tian
- Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Zhou Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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5
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Deng JR, González MT, Zhu H, Anderson HL, Leary E. Ballistic Conductance through Porphyrin Nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3651-3659. [PMID: 38301131 PMCID: PMC10870699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The search for long molecular wires that can transport charge with maximum efficiency over many nanometers has driven molecular electronics since its inception. Single-molecule conductance normally decays with length and is typically far below the theoretical limit of G0 (77.5 μS). Here, we measure the conductances of a family of edge-fused porphyrin ribbons (lengths 1-7 nm) that display remarkable behavior. The low-bias conductance is high across the whole series. Charging the molecules in situ results in a dramatic realignment of the frontier orbitals, increasing the conductance to 1 G0 (corresponding to a current of 20 μA). This behavior is most pronounced in the longer molecules due to their smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps. The conductance-voltage traces frequently exhibit peaks at zero bias, showing that a molecular energy level is in resonance with the Fermi level. This work lays the foundations for long, perfectly transmissive, molecular wires with technological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ren Deng
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - M. Teresa González
- Fundación
IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle
Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - He Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Edmund Leary
- Fundación
IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle
Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Chen L, Yang Z, Lin Q, Li X, Bai J, Hong W. Evolution of Single-Molecule Electronic Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1988-2004. [PMID: 38227964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule electronics can fabricate single-molecule devices via the construction of molecule-electrode interfaces and also provide a unique tool to investigate single-molecule scale physicochemical processes at these interfaces. To investigate single-molecule electronic devices with desired functionalities, an understanding of the interface evolution processes in single-molecule devices is essential. In this review, we focus on the evolution of molecule-electrode interface properties, including the background of interface evolution in single-molecule electronics, the construction of different types of single-molecule interfaces, and the regulation methods. Finally, we discuss the perspective of future characterization techniques and applications for single-molecule electronic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Zixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Qichao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Jie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Materials & IKKEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
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7
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Xu Y, Teng C, Dang H, Yin D, Yan L. Highly bright stable organic radicals encapsulated by amphiphilic polypeptide for efficient near-infrared phototheranostics. Talanta 2024; 266:124948. [PMID: 37459788 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Stable organic radical molecules have received extensive attention due to their unique electronic structure and photophysical properties, and the highly fluorescent quantum efficiency has great appeal to bioimaging. However, still scarce reports on the application of them on the therapy of tumors, especially theranostics. Here, 3,6-dibromocarbazole modified tris (2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) methane radical (TB) has been synthesized with high NIR fluorescence quantum efficiency, and free radical nanoparticles (NPs) have been prepared using the precursor of the radical doping strategy. The free radical molecule TB and its precursor molecule HTB were mixed in proportion and encapsulated with an amphiphilic polypeptide (PEG-PAsp) to obtain the NPs. The 4% NPs can achieve a high fluorescence quantum efficiency (18.68%) in the NIR region. In addition, the NPs also have a good ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under either normoxia or hypoxia conditions, which makes it possible for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Interestingly, the NPs also show preferable photothermal ability (PCE = 42.39%) for photothermal therapy (PTT). Both in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that the as-prepared radical NPS show a NIR fluorescence imaging-guided synergistic PTT and type I/II PDT to tumors. It provides new strategies and new clues for the application of free radical molecules in the theranostics of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, And Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Changchang Teng
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, And Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Huiping Dang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, And Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Dalong Yin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China; Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, And Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei, Jinzai Road 96, 230026, Anhui, PR China.
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8
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Cai ZY, Ma ZW, Wu WK, Lin JD, Pei LQ, Wang JZ, Wu TR, Jin S, Wu DY, Tian ZQ. Stereoelectronic Switches of Single-Molecule Junctions through Conformation-Modulated Intramolecular Coupling Approaches. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9539-9547. [PMID: 37856238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Stereoelectronic effects in single-molecule junctions have been widely utilized to achieve a molecular switch, but high-efficiency and reproducible switching remain challenging. Here, we demonstrate that there are three stable intramolecular conformations in the 9,10-diphenyl-9,10-methanoanthracen-11-one (DPMAO) systems due to steric effect. Interestingly, different electronic coupling approaches including weak coupling (through-space), decoupling, and strong coupling (through-bond) between two terminal benzene rings are accomplished in the three stable conformations, respectively. Theoretical calculations show that the molecular conductance of three stable conformations differs by more than 1 order of magnitude. Furthermore, the populations of the three stable conformations are highly dependent on the solvent effect and the external electric field. Therefore, an excellent molecular switch can be achieved using the DPMAO molecule junctions and external stimuli. Our findings reveal that modulating intramolecular electronic coupling approaches may be a useful manner to enable molecular switches with high switching ratios. This opens up a new route for building high-efficiency molecular switches in single-molecular junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan-Yun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-De Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Qi Pei
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jia-Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tai-Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - De-Yin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
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9
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Schäfter D, Wischnat J, Tesi L, De Sousa JA, Little E, McGuire J, Mas-Torrent M, Rovira C, Veciana J, Tuna F, Crivillers N, van Slageren J. Molecular One- and Two-Qubit Systems with Very Long Coherence Times. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302114. [PMID: 37289574 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
General-purpose quantum computation and quantum simulation require multi-qubit architectures with precisely defined, robust interqubit interactions, coupled with local addressability. This is an unsolved challenge, primarily due to scalability issues. These issues often derive from poor control over interqubit interactions. Molecular systems are promising materials for the realization of large-scale quantum architectures, due to their high degree of positionability and the possibility to precisely tailor interqubit interactions. The simplest quantum architecture is the two-qubit system, with which quantum gate operations can be implemented. To be viable, a two-qubit system must possess long coherence times, the interqubit interaction must be well defined and the two qubits must also be addressable individually within the same quantum manipulation sequence. Here results are presented on the investigation of the spin dynamics of chlorinated triphenylmethyl organic radicals, in particular the perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radical, a mono-functionalized PTM, and a biradical PTM dimer. Extraordinarily long ensemble coherence times up to 148 µs are found at all temperatures below 100 K. Two-qubit and, importantly, individual qubit addressability in the biradical system are demonstrated. These results underline the potential of molecular materials for the development of quantum architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Schäfter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jonathan Wischnat
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Tesi
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - J Alejandro De Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, 5101, Venezuela
| | - Edmund Little
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jake McGuire
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Li L, Prindle CR, Shi W, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Radical Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18182-18204. [PMID: 37555594 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Radicals are unique molecular systems for applications in electronic devices due to their open-shell electronic structures. Radicals can function as good electrical conductors and switches in molecular circuits while also holding great promise in the field of molecular spintronics. However, it is both challenging to create stable, persistent radicals and to understand their properties in molecular junctions. The goal of this Perspective is to address this dual challenge by providing design principles for the synthesis of stable radicals relevant to molecular junctions, as well as offering current insight into the electronic properties of radicals in single-molecule devices. By exploring both the chemical and physical properties of established radical systems, we will facilitate increased exploration and development of radical-based molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Claudia R Prindle
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wanzhuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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11
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Song K, Lin J, Song X, Yang B, Zhu J, Zang Y, Zhu D. Formation of covalent metal-carbon contacts assisted by Ag + for single molecule junctions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:6207-6210. [PMID: 37129042 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01113e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Covalent metal-carbon (M-C) contacts have long been pursued for constructing robust and high-performance molecular devices. Existing methods for creating such contacts usually rely on direct chemical reactions between metal electrodes and designed molecular ligands. An inherent limitation of this approach is that the commonly used metal electrodes (e.g., Au) are chemically inert, making it generally difficult to form covalent M-C bonds with molecules. Intriguingly, employing the scanning tunneling microscope-break junction technique, we find that simply adding Ag+ ions to molecular solution enables direct covalent bonding of terminal alkynes to Au electrodes. The bonding process is driven by Ag+ ion coupled in situ reactions and efficiently creates covalent Au/Ag-C interfaces in single molecule junctions. This metal ion assisted method avoids the need for complex synthesis of molecular ligands and works robustly for a wide range of alkyne-terminated molecules, offering a facile and versatile approach for precisely tuning the metal-molecule interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Junfeng Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuwei Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jia Zhu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yaping Zang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daoben Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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12
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Yang X, Hou S, Su M, Zhan Q, Zhang H, Quintero SM, Liu X, Liu J, Hong W, Casado J, Wu Q, Lambert CJ, Zheng Y. Quasi-Free Electron States Responsible for Single-Molecule Conductance Enhancement in Stable Radical. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4004-4010. [PMID: 37083476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Stable organic radicals, which possess half-filled orbitals in the vicinity of the Fermi energy, are promising candidates for electronic devices. In this Letter, using a combination of scanning-tunneling-microscopy-based break junction (STM-BJ) experiments and quantum transport theory, a stable fluorene-based radical is investigated. We demonstrate that the transport properties of a series of fluorene derivatives can be tuned by controlling the degree of localization of certain orbitals. More specifically, radical 36-FR has a delocalized half-filled orbital resulting in Breit-Wigner resonances, leading to an unprecedented conductance enhancement of 2 orders of magnitude larger than the neutral nonradical counterpart (36-FOH). In other words, conversion from a closed-shell fluorene derivative to the free radical in 36-FR opens an electron transport path which massively enhances the conductance. This new understanding of the role of radicals in single-molecule junctions opens up a novel design strategy for single-molecule-based spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhou Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Songjun Hou
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
| | - Meiling Su
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xia-men University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanjun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Sergio M Quintero
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Andalucia-Tech Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xia-men University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xia-men University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Andalucia-Tech Campus de Teatinos s/n, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, People's Republic of China
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13
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De Sousa JA, Pfattner R, Gutiérrez D, Jutglar K, Bromley ST, Veciana J, Rovira C, Mas-Torrent M, Fabre B, Crivillers N. Stable Organic Radical for Enhancing Metal-Monolayer-Semiconductor Junction Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:4635-4642. [PMID: 36642951 PMCID: PMC9949700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of monolayers based on an organic radical and its diamagnetic counterpart has been pursued on hydrogen-terminated silicon surfaces. The functional monolayers have been investigated as solid-state metal/monolayer/semiconductor (MmS) junctions showing a characteristic diode behavior which is tuned by the electronic characteristics of the organic molecule. The eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal is used as a top electrode to perform the transport measurements and the results clearly indicate that the SOMO-SUMO molecular orbitals impact the device performance. The junction incorporating the radical shows an almost two orders of magnitude higher rectification ratio (R(|J1V/J-1V|) = 104.04) in comparison with the nonradical one (R(|J1V/J-1V|) = 102.30). The high stability of the fabricated MmS allows the system to be interrogated under irradiation, evidencing that at the wavelength where the photon energy is close to the band gap of the radical there is a clear enhancement of the photoresponse. This is translated into an increase of the photosensitivity (Sph) value from 68.7 to 269.0 mA/W for the nonradical and radical based systems, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Alejandro De Sousa
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
- Laboratorio
de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad
de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, 5101 Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Raphael Pfattner
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
| | - Diego Gutiérrez
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
| | - Kilian Jutglar
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan T. Bromley
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física &
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTC), Universitat de Barcelona, c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
| | - Bruno Fabre
- Univ
Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut
des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut
de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB, CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, Bellaterra 081093, Spain
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14
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Cleavage of non-polar C(sp 2)‒C(sp 2) bonds in cycloparaphenylenes via electric field-catalyzed electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nat Commun 2023; 14:293. [PMID: 36653339 PMCID: PMC9849230 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35686-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) is one of the most fundamental reactions in organic chemistry. Using an oriented external electric field (OEEF) instead of traditional reagents to tune the EAS reactivity can offer an environmentally friendly method to synthesize aromatic compounds and hold the promise of broadening its scope. Despite these advantages, OEEF catalysis of EAS is difficult to realize, due to the challenge of microscopically orienting OEEF along the direction of electron reorganizations. In this work, we demonstrate OEEF-catalyzed EAS reactions in a series of cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) using the scanning tunneling microscope break junction (STM-BJ) technique. Crucially, the unique radial π-conjugation of CPPs enables a desired alignment for the OEEF to catalyze the EAS with Au STM tip (or substrate) acting as an electrophile. Under mild conditions, the OEEF-catalyzed EAS reactions can cleave the inherently inert C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond, leading to high-yield (~97%) formation of linear oligophenylenes terminated with covalent Au-C bonds. These results not only demonstrate the feasibility of OEEF catalysis of EAS, but also offer a way of exploring new mechanistic principles of classic organic reactions aided by OEEF.
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15
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Ivanovskaya V, Zobelli A, Basagni A, Casalini S, Colazzo L, de Boni F, de Oteyza DG, Sambi M, Sedona F. On-Surface Synthesis and Evolution of Self-Assembled Poly( p-phenylene) Chains on Ag(111): A Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:393-402. [PMID: 36660099 PMCID: PMC9841565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c06926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The growth of controlled 1D carbon-based nanostructures on metal surfaces is a multistep process whose path, activation energies, and intermediate metastable states strongly depend on the employed substrate. Whereas this process has been extensively studied on gold, less work has been dedicated to silver surfaces, which have a rather different catalytic activity. In this work, we present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the growth of poly-p-phenylene (PPP) chains and subsequent narrow graphene ribbons starting from 4,4″-dibromo-p-terphenyl molecular precursors deposited at the silver surface. By combing scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) imaging and density functional theory (DFT) simulations, we describe the molecular morphology and organization at different steps of the growth process and we discuss the stability and conversion of the encountered species on the basis of calculated thermodynamic quantities. Unlike the case of gold, at the debromination step we observe the appearance of organometallic molecules and chains, which can be explained by their negative formation energy in the presence of a silver adatom reservoir. At the dehydrogenation temperature, the persistence of intercalated Br atoms hinders the formation of well-structured graphene ribbons, which are instead observed on gold, leading only to a partial lateral coupling of the PPP chains. We numerically derive very different activation energies for Br desorption from the Ag and Au surfaces, thereby confirming the importance of this process in defining the kinetics of the formation of molecular chains and graphene ribbons on different metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Zobelli
- Université
Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique
des Solides, 91405Orsay, France
| | - Andrea Basagni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, 35131Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Casalini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, 35131Padova, Italy
| | - Luciano Colazzo
- Center
for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic
Science (IBS), Seoul03760, Republic
of Korea
- Ewha
Womans University, Seoul03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Francesco de Boni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, 35131Padova, Italy
| | - Dimas G. de Oteyza
- Nanomaterials
and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN), CSIC-UNIOVI-PA, 33940El Entrego, Spain
| | - Mauro Sambi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, 35131Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli
Studi di Padova, 35131Padova, Italy
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16
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Mitra G, Low JZ, Wei S, Francisco KR, Deffner M, Herrmann C, Campos LM, Scheer E. Interplay between Magnetoresistance and Kondo Resonance in Radical Single-Molecule Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5773-5779. [PMID: 35849010 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report transport measurements on tunable single-molecule junctions of the organic perchlorotrityl radical molecule, contacted with gold electrodes at low temperature. The current-voltage characteristics of a subset of junctions shows zero-bias anomalies due to the Kondo effect and in addition elevated magnetoresistance (MR). Junctions without Kondo resonance reveal a much stronger MR. Furthermore, we show that the amplitude of the MR can be tuned by mechanically stretching the junction. On the basis of these findings, we attribute the high MR to an interference effect involving spin-dependent scattering at the metal-molecule interface and assign the Kondo effect to the unpaired spin located in the center of the molecule in asymmetric junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Mitra
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jonathan Z Low
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Sujun Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Queensborough Community College of the City University of New York, Bayside, New York 11364, United States
| | - Karol R Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael Deffner
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Angewandte Chemie, The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Elke Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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17
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Li P, Zhou L, Zhao C, Ju H, Gao Q, Si W, Cheng L, Hao J, Li M, Chen Y, Jia C, Guo X. Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:086401. [PMID: 35623319 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Si
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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18
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Naghibi S, Sangtarash S, Kumar VJ, Wu J, Judd MM, Qiao X, Gorenskaia E, Higgins SJ, Cox N, Nichols RJ, Sadeghi H, Low PJ, Vezzoli A. Redox-Addressable Single-Molecule Junctions Incorporating a Persistent Organic Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116985. [PMID: 35289977 PMCID: PMC9322687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrating radical (open-shell) species into non-cryogenic nanodevices is key to unlocking the potential of molecular electronics. While many efforts have been devoted to this issue, in the absence of a chemical/electrochemical potential the open-shell character is generally lost in contact with the metallic electrodes. Herein, single-molecule devices incorporating a 6-oxo-verdazyl persistent radical have been fabricated using break-junction techniques. The open-shell character is retained at room temperature, and electrochemical gating permits in situ reduction to a closed-shell anionic state in a single-molecule transistor configuration. Furthermore, electronically driven rectification arises from bias-dependent alignment of the open-shell resonances. The integration of radical character, transistor-like switching, and rectification in a single molecular component paves the way to further studies of the electronic, magnetic, and thermoelectric properties of open-shell species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Naghibi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | | | - Varshini J. Kumar
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern Australia6009Australia
| | - Jian‐Zhong Wu
- School of ChemistrySouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510006P.R. China
| | - Martyna M. Judd
- Research School of ChemistryAustralian National UniversityCanberraATC 2601Australia
| | - Xiaohang Qiao
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Elena Gorenskaia
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern Australia6009Australia
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Research School of ChemistryAustralian National UniversityCanberraATC 2601Australia
| | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern Australia6009Australia
| | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable EnergyUniversity of LiverpoolPeach StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZFUK
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19
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Li YF, Zhao P, Xu Z, Chen G. Effect of linkage mode on the spin-polarized transport of a TPV radical-based molecular device. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Naghibi S, Sangtarash S, Kumar VJ, Wu J, Judd MM, Qiao X, Gorenskaia E, Higgins SJ, Cox N, Nichols RJ, Sadeghi H, Low PJ, Vezzoli A. Redox‐Addressable Single‐Molecule Junctions Incorporating a Persistent Organic Radical**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Naghibi
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Varshini J. Kumar
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Jian‐Zhong Wu
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Martyna M. Judd
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ATC 2601 Australia
| | - Xiaohang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Elena Gorenskaia
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Nicholas Cox
- Research School of Chemistry Australian National University Canberra ATC 2601 Australia
| | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy University of Liverpool Peach Street Liverpool L69 7ZF UK
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21
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Bejarano F, Gutiérrez D, Catalán-Toledo J, Roca-Sanjuán D, Gierschner J, Veciana J, Mas-Torrent M, Rovira C, Crivillers N. Photoswitching activation of a ferrocenyl-stilbene analogue by its covalent grafting to gold. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6185-6192. [PMID: 35229090 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05012e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Until now, surface-deposited stilbenes have been much less studied than other photochromic systems. Here, an asymmetrically substituted styrene incorporating a redox-active ferrocene moiety and a terminal alkyne group has been synthesised to investigate its photoisomerization in solution, and upon the formation of chemisorbed self-assembled monolayers through a carbon-gold bond formation. Charge transport measurements across the monolayers reveal that upon chemical linkage to the gold substrate there is an alteration of the isomerization pathway, which favours the trans to cis conversion, which is not observed in solution. The experimental observations are interpreted based on quantum chemistry calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Diego Gutiérrez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain. .,Leitat Technological Center (LEITAT), Carrer Innovació, 2, 08225 Terrassa, Spain
| | - José Catalán-Toledo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Daniel Roca-Sanjuán
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, P.O. Box 22085, ES-46071 Valencia, Spain
| | - Johannes Gierschner
- Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies, IMDEA Nanoscience, Calle Faraday 9, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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22
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Mitra G, Delmas V, Al Sabea H, Norel L, Galangau O, Rigaut S, Cornil J, Costuas K, Scheer E. Electronic transport through single-molecule oligophenyl-diethynyl junctions with direct gold-carbon bonds formed at low temperature. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:457-466. [PMID: 36132702 PMCID: PMC9419624 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00650a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first systematic transport study of alkynyl-ended oligophenyl-diethynyl (OPA) single-molecule junctions with direct Au-C anchoring scheme at low temperature using the mechanically controlled break junction technique. Through quantitative statistical analysis of opening traces, conductance histograms and density functional theory studies, we identified different types of junctions, classified by their conductance and stretching behavior, for OPA molecules between Au electrodes with two to four phenyl rings. We performed inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy and observed the excitation of Au-C vibrational modes confirming the existence of Au-C bonds at low temperature and compared the stability of molecule junctions upon mechanical stretching. Our findings reveal the huge potential for future functional molecule transport studies at low temperature using alkynyl endgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Mitra
- University of Konstanz, Department of Physics 78 457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Vincent Delmas
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Hassan Al Sabea
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Lucie Norel
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Galangau
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Stéphane Rigaut
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Jérôme Cornil
- University of Mons, Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry Place du Parc 20 B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Karine Costuas
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226 F-35 000 Rennes France
| | - Elke Scheer
- University of Konstanz, Department of Physics 78 457 Konstanz Germany
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23
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Smeu M, Monti OLA, McGrath D. Phenalenyls as tunable excellent molecular conductors and switchable spin filters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24106-24110. [PMID: 34698737 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04037e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenalenyl-based radicals are stable radicals whose electronic properties can be tuned readily by heteroatom substitution. We employ density functional theory-based non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF-DFT) calculations to show that this class of molecules exhibits tunable spin- and charge-transport properties in single molecule junctions. Our simulations identify the design principles and interplay between unusually high conductivity and strong spin-filtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Smeu
- Department of Physics, Binghamton University - SUNY, USA.
| | - Oliver L A Monti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Arizona, USA
| | - Dominic McGrath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
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24
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Zhou L, Li X, Zhu B, Su B. An Overview of Antifouling Strategies for Electrochemical Analysis. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Xinru Li
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Boyu Zhu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University 310058 Hangzhou China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University 310058 Hangzhou China
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25
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Mayorga-Burrezo P, Bejarano F, Calbo J, Zhao X, De Sousa JA, Lloveras V, Bryce MR, Ortí E, Veciana J, Rovira C, Crivillers N. Allocation of Ambipolar Charges on an Organic Diradical with a Vinylene-Phenylenediyne Bridge. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6159-6164. [PMID: 34184906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two redox and magnetically active perchlorotriphenylmethyl (•PTM) radical units have been connected as end-capping groups to a bis(phenylene)diyne chain through vinylene linkers. Negative and positive charged species have been generated, and the influence of the bridge on their stabilization is discussed. Partial reduction of the electron-withdrawing •PTM radicals results in a class-II mixed-valence system with the negative charge located on the terminal PTM units, proving the efficiency of the conjugated chain for the electron transport between the two terminal sites. Counterintuitively, the oxidation process does not occur along the electron-rich bridge but on the vinylene units. The •PTM radicals play a key role in the stabilization of the cationic species, promoting the generation of quinoidal ring segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Mayorga-Burrezo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joaquín Calbo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Chemistry Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - J Alejandro De Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes, 5101 Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Vega Lloveras
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Martin R Bryce
- Chemistry Department, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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26
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Zhang C, Tang C, Mei Y, Zhang L, Zhu A, Tian Y. A ratiometric electrochemical sensor for selectively monitoring monoamine oxidase A in the live brain. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6487-6490. [PMID: 34100043 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an electrochemical method for selectively sensing and accurately quantifying monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the cortex and thalamus of a live mouse brain was reported. Using this tool, it was found that MAO-A increased Ca2+ entry into neurons via the TPRM2 channel in the live mouse brain of an AD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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27
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Liu Z, Zhang Z, Li T, Zhao W. Three-Dimensional Diradical Metallacage with an Open-Shell Ground State. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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28
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Alcón I, Shao J, Tremblay JC, Paulus B. Conformational control over π-conjugated electron pairing in 1D organic polymers. RSC Adv 2021; 11:20498-20506. [PMID: 35479909 PMCID: PMC9033971 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03187b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades π-conjugated bi-radicals have attracted increasing attention, due to the existence of two close-in-energy resonant electronic configurations with very distinct characteristics: the open-shell bi-radical and the closed-shell quinoidal. The chemical design of the bi-radical structure has been shown to be very effective to shift the balance towards one, or the other, electronic distribution. Some reports have experimentally studied the analogous 1D oligomers and polymers, however, only the open-shell multi-radical configuration has been detected, and it is yet not very clear which structural and chemical parameters are relevant in such extended systems. In this work, via first principles quantum chemical simulations, we study a series of π-conjugated 1D polymers based on triarylmethyl radicals with different chemical functionalization. We find that dihedral angles of the aryl rings connecting the radical centres are the key conformational parameter determining the electronic balance. This provides a simple recipe to use chemical functionalization of aryl rings as a tool to shift the system towards either the electron paired or unpaired configurations. Additionally, we find such conformational control is also effective under the effect of thermal fluctuations, which highlights its potential technological applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Alcón
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Beate Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Germany
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29
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Li H, Kopiec G, Müller F, Nyßen F, Shimizu K, Ceccato M, Daasbjerg K, Plumeré N. Spectroscopic Evidence for a Covalent Sigma Au-C Bond on Au Surfaces Using 13C Isotope Labeling. JACS AU 2021; 1:362-368. [PMID: 33829214 PMCID: PMC8016281 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Au-C linkage has been demonstrated as a robust interface for coupling thin organic films on Au surfaces. However, the nature of the Au-C interaction remains elusive up to now. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was previously used to assign a band at 412 cm-1 as a covalent sigma Au-C bond for films generated by spontaneous reduction of the 4-nitrobenzenediazonium salt on Au nanoparticles. However, this assignment is disputed based on our isotopic shift study. We now provide direct evidence for covalent Au-C bonds on the surface of Au nanoparticles using 13C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning solid-state NMR spectroscopy combined with isotope substitution. A 13C NMR shift at 165 ppm was identified as an aromatic carbon linked to the gold surface, while the shift at 148 ppm was attributed to C-C junctions in the arylated organic film. This demonstration of the covalent sigma Au-C bond fills the gap in metal-C bonds for organic films on surfaces, and it has great practical and theoretical significance in understanding and designing a molecular junction based on the Au-C bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiguang Li
- Center
for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Campus
Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- . (H.L.)
| | - Gabriel Kopiec
- Center
for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Center
for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Frauke Nyßen
- Center
for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kyoko Shimizu
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center/Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Marcel Ceccato
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center/Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center/Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Plumeré
- Center
for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Campus
Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University Munich, Schulgasse 22, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- . (N.P.)
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30
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Naher M, Milan DC, Al-Owaedi OA, Planje IJ, Bock S, Hurtado-Gallego J, Bastante P, Abd Dawood ZM, Rincón-García L, Rubio-Bollinger G, Higgins SJ, Agraït N, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Low PJ. Molecular Structure-(Thermo)electric Property Relationships in Single-Molecule Junctions and Comparisons with Single- and Multiple-Parameter Models. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3817-3829. [PMID: 33606524 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The most probable single-molecule conductance of each member of a series of 12 conjugated molecular wires, 6 of which contain either a ruthenium or platinum center centrally placed within the backbone, has been determined. The measurement of a small, positive Seebeck coefficient has established that transmission through these molecules takes place by tunneling through the tail of the HOMO resonance near the middle of the HOMO-LUMO gap in each case. Despite the general similarities in the molecular lengths and frontier-orbital compositions, experimental and computationally determined trends in molecular conductance values across this series cannot be satisfactorily explained in terms of commonly discussed "single-parameter" models of junction conductance. Rather, the trends in molecular conductance are better rationalized from consideration of the complete molecular junction, with conductance values well described by transport calculations carried out at the DFT level of theory, on the basis of the Landauer-Büttiker model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masnun Naher
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - David C Milan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Oday A Al-Owaedi
- Department of Laser Physics, College of Science for Girls, The University of Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Inco J Planje
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Sören Bock
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Juan Hurtado-Gallego
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Pablo Bastante
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Zahra Murtada Abd Dawood
- Department of Laser Physics, College of Science for Girls, The University of Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Laura Rincón-García
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Gabino Rubio-Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera" (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon J Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E-28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) and Instituto Universitario de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera" (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YB, U.K
| | - Richard J Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K
| | - Paul J Low
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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31
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Lu Z, Zheng J, Shi J, Zeng BF, Yang Y, Hong W, Tian ZQ. Application of Micro/Nanofabrication Techniques to On-Chip Molecular Electronics. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2001034. [PMID: 34927836 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202001034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics is a promising subject to overcome the size limitation of silicon-based electronic devices. In the past decades, various micro/nanofabrication techniques have been developed for constructing molecular junctions, and a number of breakthroughs are made in the characterizations and applications of the single-molecule device. The history and progress are reviewed in this article, laying emphasis on the recent works on the combination of micro/nanofabrication techniques with other techniques such as electrochemical deposition and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Some prototypical single-molecule devices such as molecular transistors are presented. Finally, the challenges and prospects in the fabrication of single-molecule devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jueting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Biao-Feng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
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32
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Chen H, Brasiliense V, Mo J, Zhang L, Jiao Y, Chen Z, Jones LO, He G, Guo QH, Chen XY, Song B, Schatz GC, Stoddart JF. Single-Molecule Charge Transport through Positively Charged Electrostatic Anchors. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2886-2895. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vitor Brasiliense
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, PPSM, 4 avenue des Sciences, 91190 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Jingshan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leighton O. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gen He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qing-Hui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215, China
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33
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Hande AA, Baylère P, Kaszyński P, Chrostowska A. Effect of π-System Extension on the Ionization Energy of the Planar Blatter Radical: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9777-9782. [PMID: 33198459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fusion of benzene, naphthalene, and phenalene rings with the D ring of the planar Blatter radical leads to extension of the π-system and increased spin delocalization. The effect of this π-extension and the position of the ring fusion on the electronic structure of the radicals was investigated by UV-photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT CAM-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) method. The experimental data obtained for 3 out of 8 derivatives were correlated with DFT-derived ionization energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket A Hande
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64000, UMR 5254, Pau, France
| | - Patrick Baylère
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64000, UMR 5254, Pau, France
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.,Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37130, United States
| | - Anna Chrostowska
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64000, UMR 5254, Pau, France
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34
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Hande AA, Darrigan C, Bartos P, Baylère P, Pietrzak A, Kaszyński P, Chrostowska A. UV-photoelectron spectroscopy of stable radicals: the electronic structure of planar Blatter radicals as materials for organic electronics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23637-23644. [PMID: 33111728 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03896b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure of Blatter radicals and a series of C(10)-substituted derivatives of 2-phenyl-3H-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6,1-kl]phenoxazin-3-yl (planar Blatter radicals) containing H, F, Cl, Br, CN, CF3 and OMe substituents was investigated by gas phase UV-photoelectron spectroscopy. The energy of the SOMO of the radicals, determined to be about 6.5 eV, was correlated with their electrochemical oxidation potentials, E0/+11/2, relative to the Fc/Fc+ couple in CH2Cl2 giving the correction of 6.60(1) eV. The optical band gap Eoptg ∼ 1.7 eV of the radicals yielded the electronic transport gap, Eelg, of about 2.1 eV, which is similar to the electronic parameters of pentacene. The radicals were analyzed by EPR spectroscopy and single crystal XRD methods, and all experimental data were compared to DFT computational results obtained at the CAM-B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniket A Hande
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Clovis Darrigan
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Paulina Bartos
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Patrick Baylère
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
| | - Anna Pietrzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland and Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37130, USA
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403 Łódź, Poland. and Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37130, USA and Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Chrostowska
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
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35
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Zhang C, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhu A, Liao F, Wan J, Zhou J, Tian Y. A Robust Au−C≡C Functionalized Surface: Toward Real‐Time Mapping and Accurate Quantification of Fe
2+
in the Brains of Live AD Mouse Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Anwei Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Fumin Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yang Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Dongchuan Road 500 Shanghai 200241 China
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36
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Zhang C, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhu A, Liao F, Wan J, Zhou J, Tian Y. A Robust Au-C≡C Functionalized Surface: Toward Real-Time Mapping and Accurate Quantification of Fe 2+ in the Brains of Live AD Mouse Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20499-20507. [PMID: 32857422 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Described here is that Au-C≡C bonds showed the highest stability under biological conditions, with abundant thiols, and the best electrochemical performance compared to Au-S and Au-Se bonds. The new finding was also confirmed by theorical calculations. Based on this finding, a specific molecule for recognition of Fe2+ was designed and synthesized, and used to create a selective and accurate electrochemical sensor for the quantification of Fe2+ . The present ratiometric strategy demonstrates high spatial resolution for real-time tracking of Fe2+ in a dynamic range of 0.2-120 μM. Finally, a microelectrode array with good biocompatibility was applied in imaging and biosensing of Fe2+ in the different regions of live mouse brains. Using this tool, it was discovered that the uptake of extracellular Fe2+ into the cortex and striatum was largely mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) through the CREB-related pathway in the brain of a mouse with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Anwei Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Fumin Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yang Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
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37
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Nanofabrication Techniques in Large-Area Molecular Electronic Devices. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10176064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The societal impact of the electronics industry is enormous—not to mention how this industry impinges on the global economy. The foreseen limits of the current technology—technical, economic, and sustainability issues—open the door to the search for successor technologies. In this context, molecular electronics has emerged as a promising candidate that, at least in the short-term, will not likely replace our silicon-based electronics, but improve its performance through a nascent hybrid technology. Such technology will take advantage of both the small dimensions of the molecules and new functionalities resulting from the quantum effects that govern the properties at the molecular scale. An optimization of interface engineering and integration of molecules to form densely integrated individually addressable arrays of molecules are two crucial aspects in the molecular electronics field. These challenges should be met to establish the bridge between organic functional materials and hard electronics required for the incorporation of such hybrid technology in the market. In this review, the most advanced methods for fabricating large-area molecular electronic devices are presented, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Special emphasis is focused on bottom-up methodologies for the fabrication of well-ordered and tightly-packed monolayers onto the bottom electrode, followed by a description of the top-contact deposition methods so far used.
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38
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Min Y, Zhuang GC, Yao KL. Ab initio calculation of transport properties in 1,3-diphenylpropynylidene based molecular device. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1728408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Min
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - G. C. Zhuang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - K. L. Yao
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
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39
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Junghoefer T, Nowik-Boltyk EM, de Sousa JA, Giangrisostomi E, Ovsyannikov R, Chassé T, Veciana J, Mas-Torrent M, Rovira C, Crivillers N, Casu MB. Stability of radical-functionalized gold surfaces by self-assembly and on-surface chemistry. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9162-9172. [PMID: 34123165 PMCID: PMC8163401 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03399e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated the radical functionalization of gold surfaces with a derivative of the perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radical using two methods: by chemisorption from the radical solution and by on-surface chemical derivation from a precursor. We have investigated the obtained self-assembled monolayers by photon-energy dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Our results show that the molecules were successfully anchored on the surfaces. We have used a robust method that can be applied to a variety of materials to assess the stability of the functionalized interface. The monolayers are characterized by air and X-ray beam stability unprecedented for films of organic radicals. Over very long X-ray beam exposure we observed a dynamic nature of the radical-Au complex. The results clearly indicate that (mono)layers of PTM radical derivatives have the necessary stability to withstand device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Junghoefer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | | | - J Alejandro de Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de los Andes 5101 Mérida Venezuela
| | | | - Ruslan Ovsyannikov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Chassé
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) Campus de la UAB 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Maria Benedetta Casu
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany
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40
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Li S, Yu H, Chen X, Gewirth AA, Moore JS, Schroeder CM. Covalent Ag-C Bonding Contacts from Unprotected Terminal Acetylenes for Molecular Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:5490-5495. [PMID: 32511930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Robust molecule-metal linkages are essential for developing high-performance and air-stable devices for molecular and organic electronics. In this work, we report a facile method for forming robust and covalent bonding contacts between unprotected terminal acetylenes and metal (Ag) interfaces. Using this approach, we study the charge transport properties of conjugated oligophenylenes with covalent metal-carbon contacts to silver electrodes formed from unprotected terminal acetylene anchors. We performed single molecule charge transport experiments and molecular simulations on a series of arylacetylenes using gold and silver electrodes. Our results show that molecular junctions on silver electrodes spontaneously form silver-carbynyl carbon (Ag-C) contacts, resulting in a nearly 10-fold increase in conductance compared to the same molecules on gold electrodes. Overall, this work presents a simple, new electrode-anchor pair that reliably forms molecular junctions with stable and robust contacts for molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0385, Japan
| | - Andrew A Gewirth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0385, Japan
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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41
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Bartos P, Young VG, Kaszyński P. Ring-Fused 1,4-Dihydro[1,2,4]triazin-4-yls through Photocyclization. Org Lett 2020; 22:3835-3840. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Bartos
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Victor G. Young
- X-ray Crystallographic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
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42
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Tamaki T, Minode K, Numai Y, Ohto T, Yamada R, Masai H, Tada H, Terao J. Mechanical switching of current-voltage characteristics in spiropyran single-molecule junctions. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7527-7531. [PMID: 32219263 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The electrical properties of a single-molecule junction of spiropyran are investigated through the break junction (BJ) method, and the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are switched from rectified to symmetric through mechanical stimulus. This phenomenon indicates isomerization from spiropyran to merocyanine. In addition, an increase in the conductance associated with isomerization is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tamaki
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The university of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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43
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Starr RL, Fu T, Doud EA, Stone I, Roy X, Venkataraman L. Gold-Carbon Contacts from Oxidative Addition of Aryl Iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7128-7133. [PMID: 32212683 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aryl halides are ubiquitous functional groups in organic chemistry, yet despite their obvious appeal as surface-binding linkers and as precursors for controlled graphene nanoribbon synthesis, they have seldom been used as such in molecular electronics. The confusion regarding the bonding of aryl iodides to Au electrodes is a case in point, with ambiguous reports of both dative Au-I and covalent Au-C contacts. Here we form single-molecule junctions with a series of oligophenylene molecular wires terminated asymmetrically with iodine and thiomethyl to show that the dative Au-I contact has a lower conductance than the covalent Au-C interaction, which we propose occurs via an in situ oxidative addition reaction at the Au surface. Furthermore, we confirm the formation of the Au-C bond by measuring an analogous series of molecules prepared ex situ with the complex AuI(PPh3) in place of the iodide. Density functional theory-based transport calculations support our experimental observations that Au-C linkages have higher conductance than Au-I linkages. Finally, we demonstrate selective promotion of the Au-C bond formation by controlling the bias applied across the junction. In addition to establishing the different binding modes of aryl iodides, our results chart a path to actively controlling oxidative addition on an Au surface using an applied bias.
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44
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Hosier CA, Anderson ID, Ackerson CJ. Acetylide-for-thiolate and thiolate-for-acetylide exchange on gold nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6239-6242. [PMID: 32150189 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00869a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetylide-protected gold nanoclusters represent a recently described class of nanocluster compounds that are computationally predicted to be more stable than well-studied thiolate-protected clusters. Ligand exchange of thiolates-for-acetylides on these clusters as well as the reverse reaction are so-far unknown. Such reactions can inform a practical understanding of stability and other differences between thiolate- and acetylide-protected gold clusters. Here it is shown that acetylide-for-thiolate ligand exchange is facile when using either a lithium phenylacetylide or a gold(i)-phenylacetylide complex as incoming ligand to thiolate-protected gold clusters, whereas the reaction fails when using phenylacetylene. Both partial and full exchange are possible, as is the reverse reaction. While the overall reaction resembles ligand exchange, it may be better described as a metathesis reaction. Notably, while the simple thiolate-for-acetylide exchange reaction is enthalpically unfavorable, metathesis reactions between these ligands are enthalpically favorable. Intercluster exchange is also observed between thiolate-protected and acetylide-protected clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Hosier
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
| | - Ian D Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
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45
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Fukuzumi R, Kaneko S, Fujii S, Nishino T, Kiguchi M. Structure and Electron Transport at Metal Atomic Junctions Doped with Dichloroethylene. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:175-180. [PMID: 31804753 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the structure and electron transport at dichloroethylene-doped metal atomic junctions at low temperatures (20 K) in ultra-high vacuum, using Fe, Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag, and Au. The metal atomic junctions were fabricated using the mechanically controllable break junction technique. After introducing the dichloroethylene (DCE), the conductance behavior of Fe, Ni, and Pd junctions was considerably changed, whereas little change was observed for Cu, Ag, and Au. For the Pd and Cu junctions, a clear peak was observed in their conductance histograms, showing that the single-molecule junction was selectively formed. To investigate the structure of the metal atomic junctions further, their plateau lengths were analyzed. The length analysis revealed that the Au atomic wire was elongated, and the metal atomic wires were formed for the other transition metals: those that do not normally form metal atomic wires without DCE doping, as DCE adsorption stabilized the metal atomic states. There is a strong interaction between DCE and the metals, where DCE supports the formation of the metal atomic wire for Fe, Ni, and Pd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, 2-12-1-W4-10, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, 2-12-1-W4-10, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, 2-12-1-W4-10, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, 2-12-1-W4-10, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Kiguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, 2-12-1-W4-10, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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46
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Bartos P, Anand B, Pietrzak A, Kaszyński P. Functional Planar Blatter Radical through Pschorr-Type Cyclization. Org Lett 2019; 22:180-184. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Bartos
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
| | - Bindushree Anand
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Pietrzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, 91-403 Łódź, Poland
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132, United States
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47
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de Sousa JA, Bejarano F, Gutiérrez D, Leroux YR, Nowik-Boltyk EM, Junghoefer T, Giangrisostomi E, Ovsyannikov R, Casu MB, Veciana J, Mas-Torrent M, Fabre B, Rovira C, Crivillers N. Exploiting the versatile alkyne-based chemistry for expanding the applications of a stable triphenylmethyl organic radical on surfaces. Chem Sci 2019; 11:516-524. [PMID: 32190271 PMCID: PMC7067255 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of terminal alkynes into the chemical structure of persistent organic perchlorotriphenylmethyl (PTM) radicals provides new chemical tools to expand their potential applications. In this work, this is demonstrated by the chemical functionalization of two types of substrates, hydrogenated SiO2-free silicon (Si-H) and gold, and, by exploiting the click chemistry, scarcely used with organic radicals, to synthesise multifunctional systems. On one hand, the one-step functionalization of Si-H allows a light-triggered capacitance switch to be successfully achieved under electrochemical conditions. On the other hand, the click reaction between the alkyne-terminated PTM radical and a ferrocene azide derivative, used here as a model azide system, leads to a multistate electrochemical switch. The successful post-surface modification makes the self-assembled monolayers reported here an appealing platform to synthesise multifunctional systems grafted on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alejandro de Sousa
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain . .,Laboratorio de Electroquímica , Departamento de Química , Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de los Andes , 5101 Mérida , Venezuela
| | - Francesc Bejarano
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Diego Gutiérrez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Yann R Leroux
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | | | - Tobias Junghoefer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Erika Giangrisostomi
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) , Albert-Einstein-Str 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Ruslan Ovsyannikov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB) , Albert-Einstein-Str 15 , 12489 Berlin , Germany
| | - Maria Benedetta Casu
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry , University of Tübingen , 72076 Tübingen , Germany
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Marta Mas-Torrent
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Bruno Fabre
- Univ Rennes , CNRS , ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226 , F-35000 Rennes , France
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
| | - Núria Crivillers
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) , Networking Research Center on Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN) , Campus de la UAB , 08193 Bellaterra , Spain .
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48
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Ferri N, Algethami N, Vezzoli A, Sangtarash S, McLaughlin M, Sadeghi H, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Higgins SJ. Hemilabile Ligands as Mechanosensitive Electrode Contacts for Molecular Electronics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16583-16589. [PMID: 31364249 PMCID: PMC6899542 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule junctions that are sensitive to compression or elongation are an emerging class of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Although the molecule-electrode interface can be engineered to impart such functionality, most studies to date rely on poorly defined interactions. We focused on this issue by synthesizing molecular wires designed to have chemically defined hemilabile contacts based on (methylthio)thiophene moieties. We measured their conductance as a function of junction size and observed conductance changes of up to two orders of magnitude as junctions were compressed and stretched. Localised interactions between weakly coordinating thienyl sulfurs and the electrodes are responsible for the observed effect and allow reversible monodentate⇄bidentate contact transitions as the junction is modulated in size. We observed an up to ≈100-fold sensitivity boost of the (methylthio)thiophene-terminated molecular wire compared with its non-hemilabile (methylthio)benzene counterpart and demonstrate a previously unexplored application of hemilabile ligands to molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Ferri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | | | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YBUK
- School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | - Maeve McLaughlin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YBUK
- School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
| | | | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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49
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Walkey MC, Peiris CR, Ciampi S, C Aragonès A, Domínguez-Espíndola RB, Jago D, Pulbrook T, Skelton BW, Sobolev AN, Díez Pérez I, Piggott MJ, Koutsantonis GA, Darwish N. Chemically and Mechanically Controlled Single-Molecule Switches Using Spiropyrans. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:36886-36894. [PMID: 31522492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Developing molecular circuits that can function as the active components in electrical devices is an ongoing challenge in molecular electronics. It demands mechanical stability of the single-molecule circuit while simultaneously being responsive to external stimuli mimicking the operation of conventional electronic components. Here, we report single-molecule circuits based on spiropyran derivatives that respond electrically to chemical and mechanical stimuli. The merocyanine that results from the protonation/ring-opening of the spiropyran form showed single-molecule diode characteristics, with an average current rectification ratio of 5 at ±1 V, favoring the orientation where the positively charged end of the molecule is attached to the negative terminal of the circuit. Mechanical pulling of a single spiropyran molecule drives a switch to a more conducting merocyanine state. The mechanical switching is enabled by the strong Au-C covalent bonding between the molecule and the electrodes, which allows the tensile force delivered by the STM piezo to break the molecule at its spiropyran C-O bond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandramalika R Peiris
- School of Molecular Science and Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Molecular Science and Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Albert C Aragonès
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences , King's College London , Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street , London SE1 1DB , United Kingdom
| | - Ruth B Domínguez-Espíndola
- School of Molecular Science and Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ismael Díez Pérez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences , King's College London , Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street , London SE1 1DB , United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nadim Darwish
- School of Molecular Science and Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
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50
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Ferri N, Algethami N, Vezzoli A, Sangtarash S, McLaughlin M, Sadeghi H, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Higgins SJ. Hemilabile Ligands as Mechanosensitive Electrode Contacts for Molecular Electronics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Ferri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Norah Algethami
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- School of EngineeringUniversity of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Maeve McLaughlin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of PhysicsLancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- School of EngineeringUniversity of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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