1
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Batista L, Paul S, Molina-Jirón C, Jaén JA, Fensker D, Fuhr O, Ruben M, Wernsdorfer W, Moreno-Pineda E. Magnetic behaviour of a spin-canted asymmetric lanthanide quinolate trimer. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:12927-12935. [PMID: 39041069 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01588f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
An asymmetrical dysprosium trimer with a molecular formula of [Dy3(hq)7(hqH)(NO3)2(H2O)] was obtained through a reflux reaction employing as starting material Dy(NO3)3·nH2O and 8-quinolinoline as ligand. Magnetic susceptibility investigations show the system to be an SMM, which was corroborated by sub-Kelvin μSQUID studies. Upon cooling, the magnetic susceptibility also exhibits a decrease in the χMT product, which was confirmed to be due to intramolecular antiferromagnetic interactions. μSQUID measurements, moreover, reveal a marked magnetic behaviour in the angular dependence of the hysteresis loops. The latter is a direct consequence of the non-colinear spin arrangement of the anisotropy axes of each Dy(III) ion in [Dy3(hq)7(hqH)(NO3)2(H2O)] and the interaction between the ions, as also evidenced by CASSCF calculations. Our results evidence the effect of spin canting along with the intramolecular interactions, which can induce non-trivial magnetic behaviour in SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lester Batista
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. Física, 0824, Panamá
| | - Sagar Paul
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Concepción Molina-Jirón
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. de Bioquímica, 0824, Panamá.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Juan A Jaén
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. de Química-Física, 0824, Panamá.
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Grupo de Investigación de Materiales, Panamá, 0824, Panamá
| | - Dieter Fensker
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Olaf Fuhr
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMFi), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Eufemio Moreno-Pineda
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. de Química-Física, 0824, Panamá.
- Universidad de Panamá, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Grupo de Investigación de Materiales, Panamá, 0824, Panamá
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2
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Corner S, Gransbury GK, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Bis-Halobenzene Decamethyldysprosocenium Cations. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9562-9571. [PMID: 38382535 PMCID: PMC11134500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The decamethyldysprosocenium cation, [Dy(Cp*)2]+ (Cp* = {C5Me5}), was a target single-molecule magnet (SMM) prior to the isolation of larger dysprosocenium cations, which have recently shown magnetic memory effects up to 80 K. However, the relatively short Dy···Cp*centroid distances of [Dy(Cp*)2]+, together with the reduced resonance of its vibrational modes with electronic states compared to larger dysprosocenium cations, could lead to more favorable SMM behavior. Here, we report the synthesis and magnetic properties of a series of solvated adducts containing bis-halobenzene decamethyldysprosocenium cations, namely [Dy(Cp*)2(PhX-κ-X)2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (X = F or Cl) and [Dy(Cp*)2(C6H4F2-κ2-F,F)(C6H4F2-κ-F)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4]. These complexes were prepared by the sequential reaction of [Dy(Cp*)2(μ-BH4)]∞ with allylmagnesium chloride and [NEt3H][Al{OC(CF3)3}4], followed by recrystallization from parent halobenzenes. The complexes were characterized by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and ATR-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and SQUID magnetometry; experimental data were rationalized by a combination of density functional theory and ab initio calculations. We find that bis-halobenzene adducts of the [Dy(Cp*)2]+ cation exhibit highly bent Cp*···Dy···Cp* angles; these cations are also susceptible to decomposition by C-X (X = F, Cl, Br) activation and displacement of halobenzenes by O-donor ligands. The effective energy barrier to reversal of magnetization measured for [Dy(Cp*)2(PhF-κ-F)2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (930(6) cm-1) sets a new record for SMMs containing {Dy(Cp*)2} fragments, though all SMM parameters are lower than would be predicted for an isolated [Dy(Cp*)2]+ cation, as expected due to transverse ligand fields introduced by halobenzenes and the large deviation of the Cp*···Dy···Cp* angle from linearity promoting magnetic relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie
C. Corner
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - George F. S. Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - David P. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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3
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Hauser A, Münzfeld L, Schlittenhardt S, Uhlmann C, Leyen L, Moreno-Pineda E, Ruben M, Roesky PW. Cycloheptatrienyl-Bridged Triple-Decker Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13760-13769. [PMID: 38718186 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The first structurally characterized organometallic multidecker sandwich complexes featuring a cycloheptatrienyl ring (Cht, C7H73-) in the coordination sphere are presented. The synthesis of inverse sandwich complexes of the rare earth elements YIII and ErIII with a bridging cycloheptatrienyl ligand of the type [(thf)(BH4)2LnIII(μ-η7:η7-Cht)LnIII(BH4)(thf)2] is described first. The subsequent introduction of the CotTIPS ligand (CotTIPS = 1,4-(iPr3Si)2C8H62-) into the coordination sphere of the rare earth cations resulted in the isolation of unprecedented triple-decker compounds with the formula [(thf)3K{(η8-CotTIPS)LnIII}2(μ-η7:η7-Cht)], bearing a seven-membered aromatic carbon ring as a middle deck. These compounds are also the first examples of rare earth triple-decker complexes not bridged by a Cot derivative, based on purely carbon-based ligands. The magnetic properties of the respective ErIII congeners were investigated in detail, leading to the observation of antiferromagnetic coupling of the ErIII cations and a blocking temperature of 13.5 K. The conversion of the YIII compound [(thf)3K{(η8-CotTIPS)YIII}2(μ-η7:η7-Cht)] with [YIII(Cot)I(thf)2] resulted in ligand rearrangement and the selective formation of the first triple-decker complex ([(η8-CotTIPSYIII)2(μ-η8:η8-Cot)]) featuring two Cot ligands with different substituents in its coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sören Schlittenhardt
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Cedric Uhlmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Louis Leyen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Eufemio Moreno-Pineda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Depto. de Química-Física, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Grupo de Investigación de Materiales, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Science Quantique (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS, UMR 7006), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg, Cedex, France
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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4
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Gabarró-Riera G, Sañudo EC. Challenges for exploiting nanomagnet properties on surfaces. Commun Chem 2024; 7:99. [PMID: 38693350 PMCID: PMC11063158 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01183-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular complexes with single-molecule magnet (SMM) or qubit properties, commonly called molecular nanomagnets, are great candidates for information storage or quantum information processing technologies. However, the implementation of molecular nanomagnets in devices for the above-mentioned applications requires controlled surface deposition and addressing the nanomagnets' properties on the surface. This Perspectives paper gives a brief overview of molecular properties on a surface relevant for magnetic molecules and how they are affected when the molecules interact with a surface; then, we focus on systems of increasing complexity, where the relevant SMMs and qubit properties have been observed for the molecules deposited on surfaces; finally, future perspectives, including possible ways of overcoming the problems encountered so far are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Gabarró-Riera
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona IN2UB, C/Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Carolina Sañudo
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de Barcelona IN2UB, C/Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Martí i Franqués 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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5
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Dey S, Sharma T, Rajaraman G. Unravelling the role of spin-vibrational coupling in designing high-performance pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single ion magnets. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6465-6477. [PMID: 38699254 PMCID: PMC11062094 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00823e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
At the cutting edge of high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs) lie lanthanide-based complexes, renowned for their potent magnetic anisotropy. SMMs containing one metal centre are defined as single-ion magnets (SIMs). The performance of SMMs is measured generally via the barrier height for magnetisation reversal (Ueff) and blocking temperature (TB), below which the magnetisation is fully frozen. To enhance the Ueff and TB values in lanthanide-based SMMs, the static crystal field splitting of mJ levels has been effectively adjusted through ligand design, leveraging the oblate/prolate ground state 4f electron density shape. However, the maximum fine-tuning achievable through ligand design, known as the axial limit, has already been reached in this class of compounds. This necessitates new design principles to enhance SMM characteristics to better suit end-user applications. Among other avenues that can be explored to improve SMM characteristics, a deeper understanding of spin-phonon coupling is critical to advancing TB values. However, there are only a handful of examples where this has been deciphered. In this work, using a combination of DFT and ab initio CASSCF calculations, we have performed spin-phonon calculations on five classes of pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) SIMs exhibiting TB values in the range of 4.5 K to 36 K ([Dy(bbpen)Br] (1, H2bbpen = N,N'-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N,N'-bis(2-methylpyridyl)ethylenediamine), [Dy(OCMe3)Br(THF)5][BPh4] (2) [Dy(OSiMe3)Br(THF)5] [BPh4] (3), [Dy(LN5)(Ph3SiO)2](BPh4)·CH2Cl2 (4) and [L2Dy(H2O)5][I]3·L2·H2O (5, L = tBuPO(NHiPr)2)). Unlike the method employed elsewhere for the calculation of spin-phonon coupling, in this work, we have employed a set of criteria and intuitively selected vibrational modes to perform the spin-phonon coupling analysis. The approach provided here not only reduces the computational cost significantly but also suggests chemical intuition to improve the performance of this class of compounds. Our calculations reveal that low-energy vibrational modes govern the magnetisation relaxation in these SIMs. A flexible first coordination sphere found on some of the complexes was found to be responsible for low-energy vibrations that flip the magnetisation, reducing the TB values drastically (complexes 2 and 3). On the other hand, a rigid first coordination sphere and a stiff ligand framework move the spin-vibrational coupling that causes the relaxation to lie beyond the secondary coordination sphere, resulting in an increase in TB values. Our calculations also reveal that not only the atoms in the first coordination sphere but also those in the secondary coordination sphere affect the performance of the SMMs. Learning from this exercise, we have undertaken several in silico models based on these vibrations to improve the TB values. Some of these predictions were correlated with literature precedents, offering confidence in the methodology employed. To this end, our comprehensive investigation, involving twenty-three molecules/models and five sets of geometries for pentagonal bipyramidal Dy(iii) single-ion magnets (SIMs), unveils a treasure trove of chemically sound design clues, poised to enhance the TB values in this fascinating molecular realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
| | - Tanu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai 400076 Mumbai India
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6
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Kofod N, Henrichsen MJ, Sørensen TJ. Mapping the distribution of electronic states within the 5D 4 and 7F 6 levels of Tb 3+ complexes with optical spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4461-4470. [PMID: 38372338 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03657j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The Tb(III) ion has the most intense luminescence of the trivalent lanthanide(III) ions. In contrast to Eu(III), where the two levels only include a single state, the high number of electronic states in the ground (7F6) and emitting (5D4) levels makes detailed interpretations of the electronic structure-the crystal field-difficult. Here, luminescence emission and excitation spectra of Tb(III) complexes with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA, [Tb(DOTA)(H2O)]-), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, [Tb(EDTA)(H2O)3]-) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA, [Tb(DTPA)(H2O)]2-) as well as the Tb(III) aqua ion ([Tb(H2O)9]3+) were recorded at room temperature and in frozen solution. Using these data the electronic structure of the 5D4 multiplets of Tb(III) was mapped by considering the transitions to the singly degenerate 7F0 state. A detailed spectroscopic investigation was performed and it was found that the 5D4 multiplet could accurately be described as a single band for [Tb(H2O)9]3+, [Tb(DOTA)(H2O)]- and [Tb(EDTA)(H2O)3]-. In contrast, for [Tb(DTPA)(H2O)]2- two bands were needed. These results demonstrated the ability of describing the electronic structure of the emitting 5D4 multiplet using emission spectra. This offers an avenue for investigating the relationship between molecular structure and luminescent properties in detailed photophysical studies of Tb(III) ion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaj Kofod
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Margrete Juel Henrichsen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
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7
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Liu D, Guo X, Zhang X, Al-Kahtani AA, Chibotaru LF. Building Molecular Nanomagnets by Encapsulating Lanthanide Ions in Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Ab Initio Investigation. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3769-3780. [PMID: 38346334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Lanthanide-based single-ion magnets have attracted much interest due to their great potential for information storage at the level of one molecule. Among various strategies to enhance magnetization blocking in such complexes, the synthesis of axially symmetric compounds is regarded as the most promising. Here, we investigate theoretically the magnetization blocking of several lanthanide ions (Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, and Tm3+) encapsulated in highly symmetric zigzag boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) of different diameters with ab initio methodology. We found that Tb3+@(7,0)BNNT, Dy3+@(7,0)BNNT, and Tm3+@(5,0)BNNT are suitable SIM candidates, while the other investigated complexes from this series show no signs of magnetization blocking owing to a hard competition between contributions to the crystal field of the lanthanide ion from neighboring and more distant atoms of the nanotube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan 523000, China
- Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study, Dongguan 523000, China
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- School of Sciences, Great Bay University, Dongguan 523000, China
- Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Abdullah A Al-Kahtani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Liviu F Chibotaru
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
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8
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Queen JD, Anderson-Sanchez LM, Stennett CR, Rajabi A, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Synthesis of Crystallographically Characterizable Bis(cyclopentadienyl) Sc(II) Complexes: (C 5H 2tBu 3) 2Sc and {[C 5H 3(SiMe 3) 2] 2ScI} 1. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3279-3292. [PMID: 38264991 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of previously unknown bis(cyclopentadienyl) complexes of the first transition metal, i.e., Sc(II) scandocene complexes, has been investigated using C5H2(tBu)3 (Cpttt), C5Me5 (Cp*), and C5H3(SiMe3)2 (Cp″) ligands. Cpttt2ScI, 1, formed from ScI3 and KCpttt, can be reduced with potassium graphite (KC8) in hexanes to generate dark-red crystals of the first crystallographically characterizable bis(cyclopentadienyl) scandium(II) complex, Cpttt2Sc, 2. Complex 2 has a 170.6° (ring centroid)-Sc-(ring centroid) angle and exhibits an eight-line EPR spectrum characteristic of Sc(II) with Aiso = 82.6 MHz (29.6 G). It sublimes at 200 °C at 10-4 Torr and has a melting point of 268-271 °C. Reductions of Cp*2ScI and Cp″2ScI under analogous conditions in hexanes did not provide new Sc(II) complexes, and reduction of Cp*2ScI in benzene formed the Sc(III) phenyl complex, Cp*2Sc(C6H5), 3, by C-H bond activation. However, in Et2O and toluene, reduction of Cp*2ScI at -78 °C gives a dark-red solution, 4, which displays an eight-line EPR pattern like that of 1, but it did not provide thermally stable crystals. Reduction of Cp″2ScI, in THF or Et2O at -35 °C in the presence of 2.2.2-cryptand, yields the green Sc(II) metallocene iodide complex, [K(crypt)][Cp″2ScI], 5, which was identified by X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy and is thermally unstable. The analogous reaction of Cp*2ScI with KC8 and 18-crown-6 in Et2O gave the ligand redistribution product, [Cp*2Sc(18-crown-6-κ2O,O')][Cp*2ScI2], 6, as the only crystalline product. Density functional theory calculations on the electronic structure of these compounds are reported in addition to a steric analysis using the Guzei method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Queen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | | | - Cary R Stennett
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ahmadreza Rajabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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9
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Jin PB, Luo QC, Gransbury GK, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Hajdu T, Strashnov I, McInnes EJL, Winpenny REP, Chilton NF, Mills DP, Zheng YZ. Thermally Stable Terbium(II) and Dysprosium(II) Bis-amidinate Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27993-28009. [PMID: 37997752 PMCID: PMC10755703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The thermostable four-coordinate divalent lanthanide (Ln) bis-amidinate complexes [Ln(Piso)2] (Ln = Tb, Dy; Piso = {(NDipp)2CtBu}, Dipp = C6H3iPr2-2,6) were prepared by the reduction of parent five-coordinate Ln(III) precursors [Ln(Piso)2I] (Ln = Tb, Dy) with KC8; halide abstraction of [Ln(Piso)2I] with [H(SiEt3)2][B(C6F5)] gave the respective Ln(III) complexes [Ln(Piso)2][B(C6F5)]. All complexes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ICP-MS, elemental analysis, SQUID magnetometry, UV-vis-NIR, ATR-IR, NMR, and EPR spectroscopy and ab initio CASSCF-SO calculations. These data consistently show that [Ln(Piso)2] formally exhibit Ln(II) centers with 4fn5dz21 (Ln = Tb, n = 8; Dy, n = 9) valence electron configurations. We show that simple assignments of the f-d coupling to either L-S or J-s schemes are an oversimplification, especially in the presence of significant crystal field splitting. The coordination geometry of [Ln(Piso)2] is intermediate between square planar and tetrahedral. Projecting from the quaternary carbon atoms of the CN2 ligand backbones shows near-linear C···Ln···C arrangements. This results in strong axial ligand fields to give effective energy barriers to magnetic reversal of 1920(91) K for the Tb(II) analogue and 1964(48) K for Dy(II), the highest values observed for mononuclear Ln(II) single-molecule magnets, eclipsing 1738 K for [Tb(C5iPr5)2]. We tentatively attribute the fast zero-field magnetic relaxation for these complexes at low temperatures to transverse fields, resulting in considerable mixing of mJ states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Bo Jin
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Cheng Luo
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Tomáš Hajdu
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ilya Strashnov
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Photon
Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Richard E. P. Winpenny
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Yan-Zhen Zheng
- Frontier
Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), State Key Laboratory of
Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, MOE Key Laboratory for
Nonequilibrium Synthesis of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Key Laboratory
of Electronic Devices and Materials Chemistry and School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 99 Yanxiang Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
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10
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Gransbury G, Corner SC, Kragskow JGC, Evans P, Yeung HM, Blackmore WJA, Whitehead GFS, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Oakley MS, Chilton NF, Mills DP. AtomAccess: A Predictive Tool for Molecular Design and Its Application to the Targeted Synthesis of Dysprosium Single-Molecule Magnets. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22814-22825. [PMID: 37797311 PMCID: PMC10591469 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Isolated dysprosocenium cations, [Dy(CpR)2]+ (CpR = substituted cyclopentadienyl), have recently been shown to exhibit superior single-molecule magnet (SMM) properties over closely related complexes with equatorially bound ligands. However, gauging the crossover point at which the CpR substituents are large enough to prevent equatorial ligand binding, but small enough to approach the metal closely and generate strong crystal field splitting has required laborious synthetic optimization. We therefore created the computer program AtomAccess to predict the accessibility of a metal binding site and its ability to accommodate additional ligands. Here, we apply AtomAccess to identify the crossover point for equatorial coordination in [Dy(CpR)2]+ cations in silico and hence predict a cation that is at the cusp of stability without equatorial interactions, viz., [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)]+ (Cpttt = C5H2tBu3-1,2,4, Cp* = C5Me5). Upon synthesizing this cation, we found that it crystallizes as either a contact ion-pair, [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*){Al[OC(CF3)3]4-κ-F}], or separated ion-pair polymorph, [Dy(Cpttt)(Cp*)][Al{OC(CF3)3}4]·C6H6. Upon characterizing these complexes, together with their precursors, yttrium and yttrium-doped analogues, we find that the contact ion-pair shows inferior SMM properties to the separated ion-pair, as expected, due to faster Raman and quantum tunneling of magnetization relaxation processes, while the Orbach region is relatively unaffected. The experimental verification of the predicted crossover point for equatorial coordination in this work tests the limitations of the use of AtomAccess as a predictive tool and also indicates that the application of this type of program shows considerable potential to boost efficiency in exploratory synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jon G. C. Kragskow
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Peter Evans
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Hing Man Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - William J. A. Blackmore
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - George F. S. Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | | | - Meagan S. Oakley
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David P. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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11
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Ruan TT, Moreno-Pineda E, Schulze M, Schlittenhardt S, Brietzke T, Holdt HJ, Kuppusamy SK, Wernsdorfer W, Ruben M. Hilbert Space in Isotopologue Dy(III) SMM Dimers: Dipole Interaction Limit in [ 163/164Dy 2(tmhd) 6(tape)] 0 Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15148-15156. [PMID: 37655998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule magnets are molecular complexes proposed to be useful for information storage and quantum information processing applications. In the quest for multilevel systems that can act as Qudits, two dysprosium-based isotopologues were synthesized and characterized. The isotopologues are [164Dy2(tmhd)6(tape)] (1(I=0)) and [163Dy2(tmhd)6(tape)] (2(I=5/2)), where tmhd = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylheptandionate and tape = 1,6,7,12-tetraazaperylene. Both complexes showed slow relaxation at a zero applied magnetic field with dominant Orbach and Raman relaxation mechanisms. μSQUID studies at milli-Kelvin temperatures reveal quasi-single ion loops, in contrast with the expected S-shape (near zero field) butterfly loops, characteristic of antiferromagnetically coupled dimeric complexes. Through analysis of the low-temperature data, we find that the interaction operating between Dy(III) is small, leading to a small exchange biasing from the zero-field transition. The resulting indirectly coupled nuclear states are degenerate or possess a small energy difference between them. We, therefore, conclude that for the creation of Qudits with enlarged Hilbert spaces, shorter Dy(III)···Dy(III) distances are deemed essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Ruan
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Eufemio Moreno-Pineda
- Depto. de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
- Grupo de Investigación de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá 0824, Panamá
| | - Michael Schulze
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sören Schlittenhardt
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brietzke
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Holdt
- Anorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Centre Européen de Sciences Quantiques (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028, 67083 Strasbourg Cedex, France
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12
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Yang K, Sun R, Zhao J, Deng C, Wang B, Gao S, Huang W. A Combined Synthetic, Magnetic, and Theoretical Study on Enhancing Ligand-Field Axiality for Dy(III) Single-Molecule Magnets Supported by Ferrocene Diamide Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37311100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Molecular design is crucial for improving the performance of single-molecule magnets (SMMs). For dysprosium(III) SMMs, enhancing ligand-field axiality is a well-suited strategy to achieve high-performance SMMs. We synthesized a series of dysprosium(III) complexes, (NNTIPS)DyBr(THF)2 (1, NNTIPS = fc(NSiiPr3)2; fc = 1,1'-ferrocenediyl, THF = tetrahydrofuran), [(NNTIPS)Dy(THF)3][BPh4] (2), (NNTIPS)DyI(THF)2 (3), and [(NNTBS)Dy(THF)3][BPh4] (4, NNTBS = fc(NSitBuMe2)2), supported by ferrocene diamide ligands. X-ray crystallography shows that the rigid ferrocene backbone enforces a nearly axial ligand field with weakly coordinating equatorial ligands. Dysprosium(III) complexes 1-4 all exhibit slow magnetic relaxation under zero fields and possess high effective barriers (Ueff) around 1000 K, comparable to previously reported (NNTBS)DyI(THF)2 (5). We probed the influences of structural variations on SMM behaviors by theoretical calculations and found that the distribution of negative charges defined by rq, i.e., the ratio of the charges on the axial ligands to the charges on the equatorial ligands, plays a decisive role. Moreover, theoretical calculations on a series of model complexes 1'-5' without equatorial ligands unveil that the axial crystal-field parameters B20 are directly proportional to the N-Dy-N angles and support the hypothesis that enhancing the ligand-field axiality could improve SMM performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Rong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingliang Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chong Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Spin-X Institute, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China
| | - Wenliang Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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13
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Bernhardt M, Korzyński MD, Berkson ZJ, Pointillart F, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Copéret C. Tailored Lewis Acid Sites for High-Temperature Supported Single-Molecule Magnetism. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37262018 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Generating or even retaining slow magnetic relaxation in surface immobilized single-molecule magnets (SMMs) from promising molecular precursors remains a great challenge. Illustrative examples are organolanthanide compounds that show promising SMM properties in molecular systems, though surface immobilization generally diminishes their magnetic performance. Here, we show how tailored Lewis acidic Al(III) sites on a silica surface enable generation of a material with SMM characteristics via chemisorption of (Cpttt)2DyCl ((Cpttt)- = 1,2,4-tri(tert-butyl)-cyclopentadienide). Detailed studies of this system and its diamagnetic Y analogue indicate that the interaction of the metal chloride with surface Al sites results in a change of the coordination sphere around the metal center inducing for the dysprosium-containing material slow magnetic relaxation up to 51 K with hysteresis up to 8 K and an effective energy barrier (Ueff) of 449 cm-1, the highest reported thus far for a supported SMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Bernhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maciej D Korzyński
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zachariah J Berkson
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Errulat D, Harriman KLM, Gálico DA, Kitos AA, Mansikkamäki A, Murugesu M. A trivalent 4f complex with two bis-silylamide ligands displaying slow magnetic relaxation. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01208-y. [PMID: 37231297 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The best-performing single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have historically relied on pseudoaxial ligands delocalized across several coordinated atoms. This coordination environment has been found to elicit strong magnetic anisotropy, but lanthanide-based SMMs with low coordination numbers have remained synthetically elusive species. Here we report a cationic 4f complex bearing only two bis-silylamide ligands, Yb(III)[{N(SiMePh2)2}2][Al{OC(CF3)3}4], which exhibits slow relaxation of its magnetization. The combination of the bulky silylamide ligands and weakly coordinating [Al{OC(CF3)3}4]- anion provides a sterically hindered environment that suitably stabilizes the pseudotrigonal geometry necessary to elicit strong ground-state magnetic anisotropy. The resolution of the mJ states by luminescence spectroscopy is supported by ab initio calculations, which show a large ground-state splitting of approximately 1,850 cm-1. These results provide a facile route to access a bis-silylamido Yb(III) complex, and further underline the desirability of axially coordinated ligands with well-localized charges for high-performing SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Errulat
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie L M Harriman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Diogo A Gálico
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandros A Kitos
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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15
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Schäfer S, Kaufmann S, Rösch ES, Roesky PW. Divalent metallocenes of the lanthanides - a guideline to properties and reactivity. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37183859 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery in the early 1980s, the soluble divalent metallocenes of lanthanides have become a steadily growing field in organometallic chemistry. The predominant part of the investigation has been performed with samarium, europium, and ytterbium, whereas only a few reports dealing with other rare earth elements were disclosed. Reactions of these metallocenes can be divided into two major categories: (1) formation of Lewis acid-base complexes, in which the oxidation state remains +II; and (2) single electron transfer (SET) reductions with the ultimate formation of Ln(III) complexes. Due to the increasing reducing character from Eu(II) over Yb(II) to Sm(II), the plethora of literature concerning redox reactions revolves around the metallocenes of Sm and Yb. In addition, a few reactivity studies on Nd(II), Dy(II) and mainly Tm(II) metallocenes were published. These compounds are even stronger reducing agents but significantly more difficult to handle. In most cases, the metals are ligated by the versatile pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ligand: (C5Me5). Other cyclopentadienyl ligands are fully covered but only discussed in detail, if the ligand causes differences in synthesis or reactivity. Thus, the focus lays on three compounds: [(C5Me5)2Sm], [(C5Me5)2Eu] and [(C5Me5)2Yb] and their solvates. We discuss the synthesis and physical properties of divalent lanthanide metallocenes first, followed by an overview of the reactivity rendering the full potential of these versatile reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schäfer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kaufmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Esther S Rösch
- Baden-Württemberg Cooperative State University Karlsruhe, Erzbergerstr. 121, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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16
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Parmar VS, Thiel AM, Nabi R, Gransbury GK, Norre MS, Evans P, Corner SC, Skelton JM, Chilton NF, Mills DP, Overgaard J. Influence of pressure on a dysprosocenium single-molecule magnet. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2656-2659. [PMID: 36780133 PMCID: PMC9972519 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06722f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of external pressure on a high-performing dysprosocenium single-molecule magnet are investigated using a combination of X-ray diffraction, magnetometry and theoretical calculations. The effective energy barrier (Ueff) decreases from ca. 1300 cm-1 at ambient pressure to ca. 1125 cm-1 at 3 GPa. Our results indicate that compression < 1.2 GPa has a negligible effect on the Orbach process, but magnetic relaxation > 1 GPa increases via Raman relaxation and/or quantum tunnelling of magnetisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay S. Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus UniversityLangelandsgade 140Aarhus C DK-8000Denmark
| | - Andreas M. Thiel
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus UniversityLangelandsgade 140Aarhus C DK-8000Denmark
| | - Rizwan Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Gemma K. Gransbury
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Marie S. Norre
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus UniversityLangelandsgade 140Aarhus C DK-8000Denmark
| | - Peter Evans
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Sophie C. Corner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Jonathan M. Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - David P. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M13 9PLUK
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark.
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17
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Münzfeld L, Dahlen M, Hauser A, Mahieu N, Kuppusamy SK, Moutet J, Tricoire M, Köppe R, La Droitte L, Cador O, Le Guennic B, Nocton G, Moreno-Pineda E, Ruben M, Roesky PW. Molecular Lanthanide Switches for Magnetism and Photoluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218107. [PMID: 36651327 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Solvation of [(CNT)Ln(η8 -COT)] (Ln=La, Ce, Nd, Tb, Er; CNT=cyclononatetraenyl, i.e., C9 H9 - ; COT=cyclooctatetraendiid, i.e., C8 H8 2- ) complexes with tetrahydrofuran (THF) gives rise to neutral [(η4 -CNT)Ln(thf)2 (η8 -COT)] (Ln=La, Ce) and ionic [Ln(thf)x (η8 -COT)][CNT] (x=4 (Ce, Nd, Tb), 3 (Er)) species in a solid-to-solid transformation. Due to the severe distortion of the ligand sphere upon solvation, these species act as switchable luminophores and single-molecule magnets. The desolvation of the coordinated solvents can be triggered by applying a dynamic vacuum, as well as a temperature gradient stimulus. Raman spectroscopic investigations revealed fast and fully reversible solvation and desolvation processes. Moreover, we also show that a Nd:YAG laser can induce the necessary temperature gradient for a self-sufficient switching process of the Ce(III) analogue in a spatially resolved manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Münzfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Milena Dahlen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Adrian Hauser
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nolwenn Mahieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), UMR 9168, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut polytechnique Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Senthil Kumar Kuppusamy
- Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jules Moutet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), UMR 9168, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut polytechnique Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), UMR 9168, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut polytechnique Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Ralf Köppe
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire (LCM), UMR 9168, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut polytechnique Paris, Route de Saclay, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Eufemio Moreno-Pineda
- Depto de Química-Física, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá.,Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies (IQMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Centre Européen de Science Quantique (CESQ), Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), UMR 7006, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP, 70028, 67083, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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18
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Ray D, Oakley MS, Sarkar A, Bai X, Gagliardi L. Theoretical Investigation of Single-Molecule-Magnet Behavior in Mononuclear Dysprosium and Californium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1649-1658. [PMID: 36652606 PMCID: PMC9890484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Early-actinide-based (U, Np, and Pu) single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have yet to show magnetic properties similar to those of highly anisotropic lanthanide-based ones. However, there are not many studies exploring the late-actinides (more than half-filled f shells) as potential candidates for SMM applications. We computationally explored the electronic structure and magnetic properties of a hypothetical Cf(III) complex isostructural to the experimentally synthesized Dy(dbm)3(bpy) complex (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; dbm = dibenzoylmethanoate) via multireference methods and compared them to those of the Dy(III) analogue. This study shows that the Cf(III) complex can behave as a SMM and has a greater magnetic susceptibility compared to other experimentally and computationally studied early-actinide-based (U, Np, and Pu) magnetic complexes. However, Cf spontaneously undergoes α-decay and converts to Cm. Thus, we also explored the isostructural Cm(III)-based complex. The computed magnetic susceptibility and g-tensor values show that the Cm(III) complex has poor SMM behavior in comparison to both the Dy(III) and Cf(III) complexes, suggesting that the performance of Cf(III)-based magnets may be affected by α-decay and can explain the poor performance of experimentally studied Cf(III)-based molecular magnets in the literature. Further, this study suggests that the ligand field is dominant in Cf(III), which helps to increase the magnetization blocking barrier by nearly 3 times that of its 4f congener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Ray
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing
Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Meagan S. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing
Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Department
of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, James Franck
Institute, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Xiaojing Bai
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing
Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, James Franck
Institute, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States,
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19
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Anderson-Sanchez LM, Yu JM, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Room-Temperature Stable Ln(II) Complexes Supported by 2,6-Diadamantyl Aryloxide Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:706-714. [PMID: 36595714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The sterically bulky aryloxide ligand OAr* (OAr* = -OC6H2-Ad2-2,6tBu-4; Ad = 1-adamantyl) has been used to generate Ln(II) complexes across the lanthanide series that are more thermally stable than complexes of any other ligand system reported to date for 4fnd1 Ln(II) ions. The Ln(III) precursors Ln(OAr*)3 (1-Ln) were synthesized by reacting 1.2 equiv of Ln(NR2)3 (R = SiMe3) with 3 equiv of HOAr* for Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Dy, Yb, and Lu. 1-Ce, 1-Nd, 1-Gd, 1-Dy, and 1-Lu were identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Reductions of 1-Ln with potassium graphite (KC8) in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of 2.2.2-cryptand (crypt) yielded the Ln(II) complexes [K(crypt)][Ln(OAr*)3] (2-Ln). The 2-Ln complexes for Ln = Nd, Gd, Dy, and Lu were characterized by X-ray crystallography and found to have Ln-O bond distances 0.038-0.087 Å longer than those of their 1-Ln analogues; this is consistent with 4fn5d1 electron configurations. The structure of 2-Yb has Yb-O distances 0.167 Å longer than those predicted for 1-Yb, which is consistent with a 4f14 electron configuration. Although 2-La and 2-Ce proved to be challenging to isolate, with 18-crown-6 (18-c-6) as the potassium chelator, La(II) and Ce(II) complexes with OAr* could be isolated and crystallographically characterized: [K(18-c-6)][Ln(OAr*)3] (3-Ln). The Ln(II) complexes decompose at room temperature more slowly than other previously reported 4fn5d1 Ln(II) complexes. For example, only 30% decomposition of 2-Dy was observed after 30 h at room temperature compared to complete decomposition of [Dy(OAr')3]- and [DyCp'3]- under similar conditions (OAr' = OC6H2-2,6-tBu2-4-Me; Cp' = C5H4SiMe3).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason M Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, United States
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20
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Douib H, Flores Gonzalez J, Speed S, Montigaud V, Lefeuvre B, Dorcet V, Riobé F, Maury O, Gouasmia A, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Pointillart F. Modulation of the magnetic and photophysical properties in 3d-4f and 4f-4f' heterobimetallic complexes involving a tetrathiafulvalene-based ligand. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16486-16496. [PMID: 36250236 PMCID: PMC9641533 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02375j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The reaction between the 2-(1-(2,6-di(pyrazol-1-yl)-4-methylpyridyl)-4,5-(4,5-bis(propylthio)-tetrathiafulvalenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-pyridine ligand (L), 1 equivalent of Ln(hfac)3·2H2O/Dy(tta)3·2H2O (hfac- = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonate, tta- = 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetonate) and M(hfac)2·2H2O leads to the formation of heteroleptic 3d-4f dinuclear complexes of formula [MLn(hfac)5(L)]n (M(II) = Cd, Zn, Co, Mn, Ni and Ln(III) = Dy, Yb, Nd) and [ZnDy(tta)2(hfac)3(L)]·(CH2Cl2). Their X-ray structures reveal that the two coordination sites are occupied by one Ln(III) ion and one M(II) transition metal respectively. The M(II) ions are coordinated to the benzoimidazolylpyridine (bzip) moiety in a N2O4 coordination sphere, while the Ln(III) ions are coordinated to the 2,6-di(pyrazol-1-yl)-4-pyridine (dpp) moiety in a N3O6 surrounding. When Dy(III) ion is used a field-induced Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) behavior is detected with a magnetic relaxation time slightly dependent to the nature of the vicinal divalent transition metal. On the other hand, when the Yb(III) is used, intense, moderated or quenched 2F5/2 → 2F7/2 NIR luminescence is observed when the Yb(III) ion is respectively associated with the Zn(II), Mn(II) and Ni(II)/Co(II) ion. The emission intensity can be modulated in function of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer and d-d transition intensities. The replacement of the divalent transition metal by a trivalent lanthanide leads to the formation of heteroleptic 4f-4f' dinuclear complexes of formula [Ln2-xLn'x(hfac)6(L)]·a(CH2Cl2)·b(C6H14) and [Dy1.11Nd0.89(tta)3(hfac)3(L)]. The coordination selectivity is based on the radius. Among the 4f-4f' series, the Dy(III) derivatives displayed such ion in N2O6 eight-coordinated sphere allowing the observation of SMM behavior. The three compounds [Dy1.21Nd0.79(hfac)6(L)]·2(CH2Cl2)·(C6H14), [Yb1.04Nd0.96(hfac)6(L)] and [YbPr(hfac)6(L)] displayed respectively Nd(III), modarated Yb(III) and intense Yb(III) NIR emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiet Douib
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Organiques et Hétérochimie (LMOH), Département des sciences de la matière, Université Larbi Tébessi de Tébessa, Route de Constantine 12002, Tébessa, Algeria
| | - Jessica Flores Gonzalez
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Saskia Speed
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincent Montigaud
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Bertrand Lefeuvre
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - François Riobé
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon, France
| | - Abdelkrim Gouasmia
- Laboratoire des Matériaux Organiques et Hétérochimie (LMOH), Département des sciences de la matière, Université Larbi Tébessi de Tébessa, Route de Constantine 12002, Tébessa, Algeria
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Olivier Cador
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1, Université de Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
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21
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Bekyarova E, Conley MP. The coordination chemistry of oxide and nanocarbon materials. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8557-8570. [PMID: 35586978 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how a ligand affects the steric and electronic properties of a metal is the cornerstone of the inorganic chemistry enterprise. What happens when the ligand is an extended surface? This question is central to the design and implementation of state-of-the-art functional materials containing transition metals. This perspective will describe how these two very different sets of extended surfaces can form well-defined coordination complexes with metals. In the Green formalism, functionalities on oxide surfaces react with inorganics to form species that contain X-type or LX-type interactions between the metal and the oxide. Carbon surfaces are neutral L-type ligands; this perspective focuses on carbons that donate six electrons to a metal. The nature of this interaction depends on the curvature, and thereby orbital overlap, between the metal and the extended π-system from the nanocarbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bekyarova
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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22
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Maniaki D, Garay-Ruiz D, Barrios LA, Martins DOTA, Aguilà D, Tuna F, Reta D, Roubeau O, Bo C, Aromí G. Unparalleled selectivity and electronic structure of heterometallic [LnLn'Ln] molecules as 3-qubit quantum gates. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5574-5581. [PMID: 35694338 PMCID: PMC9116281 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00436d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterometallic lanthanide [LnLn'] coordination complexes that are accessible thermodynamically are very scarce because the metals of this series have very similar chemical behaviour. Trinuclear systems of this category have not been reported. A coordination chemistry scaffold has been shown to produce molecules of type [LnLn'Ln] of high purity, i.e. exhibiting high metal distribution ability, based on their differences in ionic radius. Through a detailed analysis of density functional theory (DFT) based calculations, we discern the energy contributions that lead to the unparalleled chemical selectivity of this molecular system. Some of the previously reported examples are compared here with the newly prepared member of this exotic list, [Er2Pr(LA)2(LB)2(py)(H2O)2](NO3) (1) (H2LA and H2LB are two β-diketone ligands). A magnetic analysis extracted from magnetization and calorimetry determinations identifies the necessary attributes for it to act as an addressable, conditional multiqubit spin-based quantum gate. Complementary ab initio calculations confirm the feasibility of these complexes as composite quantum gates, since they present well-isolated ground states with highly anisotropic and distinct g-tensors. The electronic structure of 1 has also been analyzed by EPR. Pulsed experiments have allowed the establishment of the quantum coherence of the transitions within the relevant spin states, as well as the feasibility of a coherent control of these states via nutation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamantoula Maniaki
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Diego Garay-Ruiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain.,Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Leoní A Barrios
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Daniel O T A Martins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK.,Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - David Aguilà
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK.,Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Daniel Reta
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain .,Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science Donostia, Euskadi Bilbao Spain
| | - Olivier Roubeau
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Material Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Carles Bo
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain.,Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Marcel·lí Domingo s/n 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Guillem Aromí
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció Química Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain .,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB) Barcelona Spain
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23
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Gao J, Dorn RW, Laurent GP, Perras FA, Rossini AJ, Conley MP. A Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst for the Polymerization of Olefins Prepared by Halide Abstraction Using Surface R
3
Si
+
Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117279. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Rick W. Dorn
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guillaume P. Laurent
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris Sorbonne Université, LCMCP 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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24
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Abstract
The number of rare earth (RE) starting materials used in synthesis is staggering, ranging from simple binary metal-halide salts to borohydrides and "designer reagents" such as alkyl and organoaluminate complexes. This review collates the most important starting materials used in RE synthetic chemistry, including essential information on their preparations and uses in modern synthetic methodologies. The review is divided by starting material category and supporting ligands (i.e., metals as synthetic precursors, halides, borohydrides, nitrogen donors, oxygen donors, triflates, and organometallic reagents), and in each section relevant synthetic methodologies and applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, U.K.
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25
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Gao J, Dorn RW, Laurent GP, Perras FA, Rossini AJ, Conley MP. A Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst for the Polymerization of Olefins Prepared by Halide Abstraction Using Surface R
3
Si
+
Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Rick W. Dorn
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guillaume P. Laurent
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris Sorbonne Université, LCMCP 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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26
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27
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Pugliese ER, Benner F, Castellanos E, Delano F, Demir S. Heteroleptic Rare-Earth Tris(metallocenes) Containing a Dibenzocyclooctatetraene Dianion. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2444-2454. [PMID: 35042339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isolable heteroleptic tris(metallocenes) containing five-membered and larger rings remain extremely scarce. The utilization of tripositive rare-earth-metal ions with ionic radii >1 Å allowed access to unprecedented and sterically congested dibenzocyclooctatetraenyl (dbCOT) metallocenes, [K(crypt-222)][Cptet2RE(η2-dbCOT)] (RE = Y (1), Dy (2); Cptet = tetramethylcyclopentadienyl), through a salt metathesis reaction involving Cptet2RE(BPh4) and the potassium salt of the dbCOT dianion. The solid-state structures were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, and IR spectroscopy and provided evidence for the first crystallographically characterized (dbCOT)2- anion in a complex containing d- or f-block metals. Remarkably, the (Cptet)- ligands force a distortion from planarity within the (dbCOT)2- moiety, engendering a rare η2-bonding motif, as opposed to the classical η8 conformation observed in complexes bearing a (COT)2- ion. The η2 coordination mode was proven crystallographically between 100 and 298 K and computationally (DFT and NBO). Furthermore, nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) calculations uncovered significant ring current within the dbCOT ligand. The solution-state properties of 1 and 2 were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry, NMR, and UV-vis spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammograms of 1 and 2 exhibit a quasi-reversible feature indicating the accessibility of complexes with dbCOT in two oxidation states (dbCOT2-/3-•). Importantly, the dysprosium congener, 2, is a zero-field single-molecule magnet (SMM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Pugliese
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Florian Benner
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Ernesto Castellanos
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Francis Delano
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
| | - Selvan Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 South Shaw Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48823, United States
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28
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Corner SC, Goodwin CAP, Ortu F, Evans P, Zhang H, Gransbury GK, Whitehead GFS, Mills DP. Synthesis of heteroleptic yttrium and dysprosium 1,2,4-tris(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadienyl complexes. Aust J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Xi J, Cen P, Guo Y, Li Y, Qin Y, Zhang YQ, Song W, Liu X. Reversible on-off switching of Dy(III) single-molecule magnets via single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6707-6717. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00501h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
While the interest in single-molecule magnets (SMMs) lies in their potential applications in information storage and quantum computing, the switching of their slow magnetic relaxation associated with dynamic crystal-to-crystal transformation...
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30
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Yu S, Hu HC, Liu D, Liang Y, Liang F, Yin B, Chen Z. Structural and magnetic studies of six-coordinated Schiff base Dy(III) complexes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00356b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the aim to tune magnetic anisotropies of six-coordinated Dy(III) complexes, four bis-Schiff bases bearing different spacers and one mono-Schiff base were designed, which are bis(2-hydroxylnaphthalenylmethylene)hydrazine (H2L1), bis(2-hydroxylnaphthylmethylene)ethylenediamine (H2L2), bis(2-hydroxylnaphthylmethylene)-propylenediamine...
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31
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Dong HM, Liu ZY, Tang HM, Yang EC, Zhang YQ, Zhao XJ. Slow relaxation of Dy(III) single-ion magnets dominated by the simultaneous binding of chelating ligands in low-symmetry ligand-fields. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:1175-1181. [PMID: 34951420 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03637h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electronic effect and geometry distortion of low-symmetry ligand-field on the anisotropy barrier (Ueff) of spin reversal have been compared in three Dy(III) single-ion magnets through the simultaneous binding of chelating ligands. The substitution of N,O-salicylaldoxime by N,N'-1,10-phenanthroline in the distorted triangular-dodecahedronal field sharply decreases the Ueff by 286 K due to an increase in non-preferred transverse anisotropy, while the geometry distortion with CShM = 1.569 went down to 1.376 only lowering the Ueff by 12 K. The co-coordination strategy of heterodonor ligands highlights the importance of ligand-surroundings on the relaxation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Dong
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Yi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui-Min Tang
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - En-Cui Yang
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Jenkins TF, Bekoe S, Ziller JW, Furche F, Evans WJ. Synthesis of a Heteroleptic Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Yttrium(II) Complex, [K(2.2.2-Cryptand)]{(C5Me5)2YII[N(SiMe3)2]}, and Its C–H Bond Activated Y(III) Derivative. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tener F. Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Samuel Bekoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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33
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Briganti M, Totti F, Andruh M. Hetero-tri-spin systems: an alternative stairway to the single molecule magnet heaven? Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15961-15972. [PMID: 34647933 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The search for molecule-based magnetic materials has stimulated over the years the development of extremely rich coordination chemistry. Various combinations of spin carriers have been investigated and illustrated by a plethora of hetero-spin complexes: 3d-nd, 3d-4f, 2p-3d, and 2p-4f. More recently, two other classes of hetero-spin complexes have grown rapidly: compounds containing three different paramagnetic metal ions, or one radical and two different paramagnetic metal ions (all within the same molecular entity). Such new classes of systems represent a challenge both from a synthetic and theoretical point of view. Indeed, the synthetic control and the understanding of the spin topology effect on the overall magnetic behavior from first-principles is a difficult problem to be solved. The presence of different spin carriers in a single molecule makes such compounds particularly interesting because they offer the possibility of developing new magnetic properties, different from those of hetero-bi-spin or homo-spin systems. A critical overview taking the case of 2p-3d-4f complexes is the focus of this perspective paper. An original organic picture of the state-of-art in this field and new hints about the main directions that should be pursued to achieve hetero-tri-spin systems with large anisotropy barriers, low quantum tunneling of magnetization and, possibly, large blocking temperatures are provided in this article through an analysis based on numerically revisiting already published data and a critical survey of the literature reported so far. The reasons for the limited success obtained for the largely used 3d-2p-4f topology are given along with the ones explaining the failure for the 2p-4f-3d case. The still never synthesized linear 2p-3d-4f spin topology seemed to be the most promising one based on the results obtained for the unique closed hetero-tri-spin closed triangular system synthesized so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Briganti
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Federico Totti
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff" and INSTM UdR Firenze, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Marius Andruh
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Str. Dumbrava Rosie nr. 23, 020464 Bucharest, Romania. .,"Costin D. Nenitzescu" Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei nr. 202B, Bucharest, Romania
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34
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Chung AB, Ryan AJ, Fang M, Ziller JW, Evans WJ. Reductive Reactivity of the 4f 75d 1 Gd(II) Ion in {Gd II[N(SiMe 3) 2] 3} -: Structural Characterization of Products of Coupling, Bond Cleavage, Insertion, and Radical Reactions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15635-15645. [PMID: 34606242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The reductive reactivity of a Ln(II) ion with a nontraditional 4fn5d1 electron configuration has been investigated by studying reactions of the {GdII(N(SiMe3)2)3]}- anion with a variety of reagents that survey the many reaction pathways available to this ion. The chemistry of both [K(18-c-6)2]+ and [K(crypt)]+ salts (18-c-6 = 18-crown-6; crypt = 2.2.2-cryptand) was examined to study the effect of the countercation. CS2 reacts with the crown salt [K(18-c-6)2][Gd(NR2)3] (1) to generate the bimetallic (CS3)2- complex {[K(18-c-6)](μ3-CS3-κS,κ2S',S'')Gd(NR2)2]}2, which contains two trithiocarbonate dianions that bridge Gd(III) centers and a potassium ion coordinated by 18-c-6. In contrast, the only crystalline product isolated from the reaction of CS2 with the crypt salt [K(crypt)][Gd(NR2)3] (2) is [K(crypt)]{(R2N)2Gd[SCS(CH2)Si(Me2)N(SiMe3)-κN,κS]}, which has a CS2 unit inserted into a cyclometalated amide ligand. Complexes 1 and 2 reductively couple pyridine to form bridging dipyridyl moieties, (NC5H4-C5H4N)2-, that generate bimetallic complexes differing only in the countercation, {[K(18-c-6)(C5H5N)2]}2{[(R2N)3Gd]2[μ-(NC5H4-C5H4N)2]} and [K(crypt)]2{[(R2N)3Gd]2[μ-(NC5H4-C5H4N)2]}. Complexes 1 and 2 also show similar reactivity with (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl (TEMPO) to form the (TEMPO)- complexes [K(18-c-6)][(R2N)3Gd(η1-ONC5H6Me4)] and [K(crypt)][(R2N)3Gd(η1-ONC5H6Me4)], respectively. The first example of a bimetallic coordination complex containing a Bi-Gd bond, [K(crypt)][(R2N)3Gd(BiPh2)], was obtained by treating 2 with BiPh3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Chung
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Austin J Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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35
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Moore WNG, Ziller JW, Evans WJ. Optimizing Alkali Metal (M) and Chelate (L) Combinations for the Synthesis and Stability of [M(L)][(C 5H 4SiMe 3) 3Y] Yttrium(II) Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William N. G. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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36
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Blockmon AL, Ullah A, Hughey KD, Duan Y, O'Neal KR, Ozerov M, Baldoví JJ, Aragó J, Gaita-Ariño A, Coronado E, Musfeldt JL. Spectroscopic Analysis of Vibronic Relaxation Pathways in Molecular Spin Qubit [Ho(W 5O 18) 2] 9-: Sparse Spectra Are Key. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14096-14104. [PMID: 34415149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vibrations play a prominent role in magnetic relaxation processes of molecular spin qubits as they couple to spin states, leading to the loss of quantum information. Direct experimental determination of vibronic coupling is crucial to understand and control the spin dynamics of these nano-objects, which represent the limit of miniaturization for quantum devices. Herein, we measure the magneto-infrared properties of the molecular spin qubit system Na9[Ho(W5O18)2]·35H2O. Our results place significant constraints on the pattern of crystal field levels and the vibrational excitations allowing us to unravel vibronic decoherence pathways in this system. We observe field-induced spectral changes near 63 and 370 cm-1 that are modeled in terms of odd-symmetry vibrations mixed with f-manifold crystal field excitations. The overall extent of vibronic coupling in Na9[Ho(W5O18)2]·35H2O is limited by a modest coupling constant (on the order of 0.25) and a transparency window in the phonon density of states that acts to keep the intramolecular vibrations and MJ levels apart. These findings advance the understanding of vibronic coupling in a molecular magnet with atomic clock transitions and suggest strategies for designing molecular spin qubits with improved coherence lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery L Blockmon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Aman Ullah
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Kendall D Hughey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Yan Duan
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Kenneth R O'Neal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Juan Aragó
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Janice L Musfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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37
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Pavlischuk AV, Pavlischuk VV. Influence of Molecular and Electronic Structure of Ln3+ Complexes on the Occurrence of Monoionic Magnetism: a Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-021-09686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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38
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Singha A, Willke P, Bilgeri T, Zhang X, Brune H, Donati F, Heinrich AJ, Choi T. Engineering atomic-scale magnetic fields by dysprosium single atom magnets. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4179. [PMID: 34234133 PMCID: PMC8263604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24465-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic scale engineering of magnetic fields is a key ingredient for miniaturizing quantum devices and precision control of quantum systems. This requires a unique combination of magnetic stability and spin-manipulation capabilities. Surface-supported single atom magnets offer such possibilities, where long temporal and thermal stability of the magnetic states can be achieved by maximizing the magnet/ic anisotropy energy (MAE) and by minimizing quantum tunnelling of the magnetization. Here, we show that dysprosium (Dy) atoms on magnesium oxide (MgO) have a giant MAE of 250 meV, currently the highest among all surface spins. Using a variety of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) techniques including single atom electron spin resonance (ESR), we confirm no spontaneous spin-switching in Dy over days at ≈ 1 K under low and even vanishing magnetic field. We utilize these robust Dy single atom magnets to engineer magnetic nanostructures, demonstrating unique control of magnetic fields with atomic scale tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Singha
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - P Willke
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - T Bilgeri
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - X Zhang
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Brune
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Donati
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A J Heinrich
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - T Choi
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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39
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Kumar P, Biswas S, Swain A, Acharya J, Kumar V, Kalita P, Gonzalez JF, Cador O, Pointillart F, Rajaraman G, Chandrasekhar V. Azide-Coordination in Homometallic Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes Containing Nonequivalent Lanthanide Metal Ions: Zero-Field SMM Behavior in the Dysprosium Analogue. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8530-8545. [PMID: 34085810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of homometallic dinuclear lanthanide complexes containing nonequivalent lanthanide metal centers [Ln2(LH2)(LH)(CH3OH)(N3)]·xMeOH·yH2O [1, Ln = DyIII, x = 0, y = 2; 2, Ln = TbIII, x = 1, y = 1] have been synthesized [LH4 = 6-((bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-N'-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide] and characterized. The dinuclear assembly contains two different types of nine-coordinated lanthanide centers, because the nonequivalent binding of the azide co-ligand as well as the varying coordination of the deprotonated Schiff base ligand. Detailed magnetic studies have been performed on the complexes 1 and 2. Complex 1 and its diluted analogue (15%) are zero-field SMMs with effective energy barriers (Ueff) of magnetization reversal equal to 59(3) K and 66(3) K and relaxation times of τ0 = 10(4) × 10-6 s and 10(4) × 10-8 s, respectively. On the other hand, complex 2 shows a field-induced SMM behavior. Combined ab initio and density functional theory calculations were performed to explain the experimental findings and to unravel the nature of the magnetic anisotropy, exchange-coupled spectra, and magnetic exchange interactions between the two lanthanide centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Sourav Biswas
- Department of Geo-Chemistry, Keshav Deva Malaviya Institute of Petroleum Exploration, Dehradun-248915, India
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai 400076, Mumbai
| | - Joydev Acharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Vierandra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Pankaj Kalita
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500107, India
| | - Jessica Flores Gonzalez
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai 400076, Mumbai
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India.,Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500107, India
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40
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Lefeuvre B, Mattei CA, Gonzalez JF, Gendron F, Dorcet V, Riobé F, Lalli C, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Maury O, Guy S, Bensalah-Ledoux A, Baguenard B, Pointillart F. Solid-State Near-Infrared Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Chiral Yb III -Single-Molecule Magnet. Chemistry 2021; 27:7362-7366. [PMID: 33780055 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A field-induced chiral YbIII Single-Molecule Magnet (SMM) displayed an unprecedented near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence (NIR-CPL) in the solid-state. The bridging bis(1,10-phenantro[5,6b])tetrathiafulvalene triad (L) allowed an efficient sensitization of the NIR 2 F5/2 →2 F7/2 emission while the NIR-CPL is associated to the f-f transitions of the YbIII ion bearing chiral β-diketonate derived-camphorate ancillary ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Lefeuvre
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Carlo Andrea Mattei
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Jessica Flores Gonzalez
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - François Riobé
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Claudia Lalli
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Maury
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 69342, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphan Guy
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Amina Bensalah-Ledoux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Bruno Baguenard
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5306, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622, Lyon, France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
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Kofod N, Nawrocki P, Platas-Iglesias C, Sørensen TJ. Electronic Structure of Ytterbium(III) Solvates-a Combined Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7453-7464. [PMID: 33949865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The wide range of optical and magnetic properties of lanthanide(III) ions is associated with their intricate electronic structures which, in contrast to lighter elements, is characterized by strong relativistic effects and spin-orbit coupling. Nevertheless, computational methods are now capable of describing the ladder of electronic energy levels of the simpler trivalent lanthanide ions, as well as the lowest energy term of most of the series. The electronic energy levels result from electron configurations that are first split by spin-orbit coupling into groups of energy levels denoted by the corresponding Russell-Saunders terms. Each of these groups are then split by the ligand field into the actual electronic energy levels known as microstates or sometimes mJ levels. The ligand-field splitting directly informs on the coordination geometry and is a valuable tool for determining the structure and thus correlating the structure and properties of metal complexes in solution. The issue with lanthanide complexes is that the determination of complex structures from ligand-field splitting remains a very challenging task. In this paper, the optical spectra-absorption, luminescence excitation, and luminescence emission-of ytterbium(III) solvates were recorded in water, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The electronic energy levels, that is, the microstates, were resolved experimentally. Subsequently, density functional theory calculations were used to model the structures of the solvates, and ab initio relativistic complete active space self-consistent field calculations (CASSCF) were employed to obtain the microstates of the possible structures of each solvate. By comparing the experimental and theoretical data, it was possible to determine both the coordination number and solution structure of each solvate. In water, methanol, and N,N-dimethylformamide, the solvates were found to be eight-coordinated and have a square antiprismatic coordination geometry. In DMSO, the speciation was found to be more complicated. The robust methodology developed for comparing experimental spectra and computational results allows the solution structures of homoleptic lanthanide complexes to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaj Kofod
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Patrick Nawrocki
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Carlos Platas-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas and Departamento de Química, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira-Rúa da Fraga 10, 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Thomas Just Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
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42
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Wu Y, Xia CC, Wang XY. Syntheses, structures and magnetic properties of a series of lanthanide complexes with reduced nitronyl nitroxide radical ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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43
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Thomas-Hargreaves LR, Giansiracusa MJ, Gregson M, Zanda E, O'Donnell F, Wooles AJ, Chilton NF, Liddle ST. Correlating axial and equatorial ligand field effects to the single-molecule magnet performances of a family of dysprosium bis-methanediide complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3911-3920. [PMID: 34163660 PMCID: PMC8179472 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00238d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of the new methanediide-methanide complex [Dy(SCS)(SCSH)(THF)] (1Dy, SCS = {C(PPh2S)2}2-) with alkali metal alkyls and auxillary ethers produces the bis-methanediide complexes [Dy(SCS)2][Dy(SCS)2(K(DME)2)2] (2Dy), [Dy(SCS)2][Na(DME)3] (3Dy) and [Dy(SCS)2][K(2,2,2-cryptand)] (4Dy). For further comparisons, the bis-methanediide complex [Dy(NCN)2][K(DB18C6)(THF)(toluene)] (5Dy, NCN = {C(PPh2NSiMe3)2}2-, DB18C6 = dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether) was prepared. Magnetic susceptibility experiments reveal slow relaxation of the magnetisation for 2Dy-5Dy, with open magnetic hysteresis up to 14, 12, 15, and 12 K, respectively (∼14 Oe s-1). Fitting the alternating current magnetic susceptibility data for 2Dy-5Dy gives energy barriers to magnetic relaxation (U eff) of 1069(129)/1160(21), 1015(32), 1109(70), and 757(39) K, respectively, thus 2Dy-4Dy join a privileged group of SMMs with U eff values of ∼1000 K and greater with magnetic hysteresis at temperatures >10 K. These structurally similar Dy-components permit systematic correlation of the effects of axial and equatorial ligand fields on single-molecule magnet performance. For 2Dy-4Dy, the Dy-components can be grouped into 2Dy-cation/4Dy and 2Dy-anion/3Dy, where the former have almost linear C[double bond, length as m-dash]Dy[double bond, length as m-dash]C units with short average Dy[double bond, length as m-dash]C distances, and the latter have more bent C[double bond, length as m-dash]Dy[double bond, length as m-dash]C units with longer average Dy[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds. Both U eff and hysteresis temperature are superior for the former pair compared to the latter pair as predicted, supporting the hypothesis that a more linear axial ligand field with shorter M-L distances produces enhanced SMM properties. Comparison with 5Dy demonstrates unusually clear-cut examples of: (i) weakening the equatorial ligand field results in enhancement of the SMM performance of a monometallic system; (ii) a positive correlation between U eff barrier and axial linearity in structurally comparable systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus J Giansiracusa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Matthew Gregson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Emanuele Zanda
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Felix O'Donnell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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44
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Field-Induced Single-Molecule Magnets of Dysprosium Involving Quinone Derivatives. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The coordination reaction of the [Dy(hfac)3(H2O)2] units (hfac− = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoroacetylacetonate) with the two quinone-based derivatives 4,7-di-tert-butyl-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)benzo[d][1,3]dithiole-5,6-dione (L1) and 7,8-dithiabicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,5-diene-3,4-dione,2,5bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) (L2) led respectively to the complexes [Dy(hfac)3(H2O)(L1)] (1) and [Dy(hfac)3(H2O) (L2)]⋅(C6H14)(CH2Cl2) (2)⋅(C6H14)(CH2Cl2). X-ray structures on single crystal of 1 and 2⋅(C6H14)(CH2Cl2) revealed the coordination of the DyIII on the bischelating oxygenated quinone site and the formation of dimeric species through hydrogen bonds. Ac magnetic measurements highlighted field-induced single-molecule magnet behavior with magnetic relaxation through a Raman process.
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Moutet J, Schleinitz J, La Droitte L, Tricoire M, Pointillart F, Gendron F, Simler T, Clavaguéra C, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Nocton G. Bis‐Cyclooctatetraenyl Thulium(II): Highly Reducing Lanthanide Sandwich Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6042-6046. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Moutet
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Jules Schleinitz
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
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Moutet J, Schleinitz J, La Droitte L, Tricoire M, Pointillart F, Gendron F, Simler T, Clavaguéra C, Le Guennic B, Cador O, Nocton G. Bis‐Cyclooctatetraenyl Thulium(II): Highly Reducing Lanthanide Sandwich Single‐Molecule Magnets. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Moutet
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Jules Schleinitz
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Maxime Tricoire
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Frédéric Gendron
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Thomas Simler
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
| | - Carine Clavaguéra
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ Rennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)–UMR 6226 35000 Rennes France
| | - Grégory Nocton
- LCM CNRS Ecole polytechnique Institut Polytechnique Paris Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau, cedex France
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Koroteev PS, Ilyukhin AB, Babeshkin KA, Belova EV, Gavrikov AV, Efimov NN. Linear Tetranuclear Lanthanide Cymantrenecarboxylates with Diethylene Glycol Ligand: Synthesis, Magnetism, and Thermolysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel S. Koroteev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Andrey B. Ilyukhin
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A. Babeshkin
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina V. Belova
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Andrey V. Gavrikov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay N. Efimov
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences GSP-1, Leninsky prosp. 31 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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Goodwin CAP. Blocking like it's hot: a synthetic chemists' path to high-temperature lanthanide single molecule magnets. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:14320-14337. [PMID: 33030172 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01904f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Progress in the synthesis, design, and characterisation of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) has expanded dramatically from curiosity driven beginnings to molecules that retain magnetization above the boiling point of liquid nitrogen. This is in no small part due to the increasingly collaborative nature of this research where synthetic targets are guided by theoretical design criteria. This article aims to summarize these efforts and progress from the perspective of a synthetic chemist with a focus on how chemistry can modulate physical properties. A simple overview is presented of lanthanide electronic structure in order to contextualize the synthetic advances that have led to drastic improvements in the performance of lanthanide-based SMMs from the early 2000s to the late 2010s.
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Arumugam S, Reddy PG, Francis M, Kulkarni A, Roy S, Mondal KC. Highly fluorescent aryl-cyclopentadienyl ligands and their tetra-nuclear mixed metallic potassium-dysprosium clusters. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39366-39372. [PMID: 35515404 PMCID: PMC9057429 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05316c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Two alkyl substituted triaryl-cyclopentadienyl ligands [4,4′-(4-phenylcyclopenta-1,3-diene-1,2-diyl)bis(methylbenzene) (1) and 4,4′,4′′-(cyclopenta-1,3-diene-1,2,4-triyl)tris(methylbenzene) (2)] have been synthesized via cross-aldol condensation followed by Zn-dust mediated cyclization and acid catalyzed dehydration reactions. The fluorescence properties of 1 and 2 have been studied in solution and solid state. The ligands exhibited aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in THF/water solution. 1 and 2 have been found to be significantly more fluorescent in the solid state than in their respective solutions. This phenomenon can be attributed to the strong intermolecular CH⋯π interactions present in 1 and 2 which leads to the tight packing of molecules in their solid-state. Both 1, 2 and their corresponding anions have been studied by theoretical calculations. Ligands 1 and 2 have been shown to react with anhydrous DyCl3 in the presence of potassium metal at high temperature to afford two fluorescent chloride-bridged tetra-nuclear mixed potassium–dysprosium metallocenes [(Me2Cp)4Dy2IIICl4K2]·3.5(C7H8) (5) and [(Me3Cp)4Dy2IIICl4K2]·3(C7H8) (6), respectively in good yields. Alkyl substituted triaryl-cyclopentadienyl ligands with aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties and their applications in the syntheses of novel chloride bridged tetra-nuclear mixed potassium–dysprosium metallocenes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Pulikanti Guruprasad Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati 517507 India
| | - Maria Francis
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati 517507 India
| | - Aditya Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati 517507 India
| | - Sudipta Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati 517507 India
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Viciano‐Chumillas M, Blondin G, Clémancey M, Krzystek J, Ozerov M, Armentano D, Schnegg A, Lohmiller T, Telser J, Lloret F, Cano J. Single‐Ion Magnetic Behaviour in an Iron(III) Porphyrin Complex: A Dichotomy Between High Spin and 5/2–3/2 Spin Admixture. Chemistry 2020; 26:14242-14251. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Geneviève Blondin
- CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA-Grenoble 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Martin Clémancey
- CNRS, CEA, IRIG, CBM Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA-Grenoble 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Jurek Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Mykhaylo Ozerov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32310 USA
| | - Donatella Armentano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche (CTC) Università della Calabria 87030 Rende, Cosenza Italy
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- EPR Research Group MPI for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim Ruhr Germany
| | - Thomas Lohmiller
- EPR4Energy Joint Lab Department Spins in Energy Conversion and Quantum Information Science Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Kekuléstrasse 5 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences Roosevelt University 430 S. Michigan Avenue Chicago IL 60605 USA
| | - Francesc Lloret
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Joan Cano
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol) Universitat de València 46980 Paterna Spain
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