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Zou M, Zhou H, Gu L, Zhang J, Fang L. Therapeutic Target Identification and Drug Discovery Driven by Chemical Proteomics. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:555. [PMID: 39194493 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Throughout the human lifespan, from conception to the end of life, small molecules have an intrinsic relationship with numerous physiological processes. The investigation into small-molecule targets holds significant implications for pharmacological discovery. The determination of the action sites of small molecules provide clarity into the pharmacodynamics and toxicological mechanisms of small-molecule drugs, assisting in the elucidation of drug off-target effects and resistance mechanisms. Consequently, innovative methods to study small-molecule targets have proliferated in recent years, with chemical proteomics standing out as a vanguard development in chemical biology in the post-genomic age. Chemical proteomics can non-selectively identify unknown targets of compounds within complex biological matrices, with both probe and non-probe modalities enabling effective target identification. This review attempts to summarize methods and illustrative examples of small-molecule target identification via chemical proteomics. It delves deeply into the interactions between small molecules and human biology to provide pivotal directions and strategies for the discovery and comprehension of novel pharmaceuticals, as well as to improve the evaluation of drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haiyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Letian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingzi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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2
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Tatsuda D, Amemiya M, Nosaka C, Sawa R, Muramatsu H, Igarashi M, Yoshida J, Ohishi T, Kawada M. Two new adenopeptins B and C inhibit sphere formation of pancreatic cancer cells. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:73-84. [PMID: 38001285 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, particularly pancreatic cancer being lethal because of its aggressiveness and lack of early detection methods. A factor that contributes to malignancy are cancer stem cell-like characteristics promoted by the tumor-stromal interaction. Given that fibroblast conditioned medium (CM) promotes sphere formation of cancer cells, a cancer stem cell-like characteristic, its inhibitor could be a new anticancer agent. By exploring microbial cultures as a source, we found new compounds, namely, adenopeptins B (1) and C (2), from Acremonium sp. ESF00140. 1 and 2 selectively and potently inhibited the sphere formation of pancreatic cancer cells cultured in the fibroblast CM compared with the control medium. Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) assays showed that 1 and 2 inhibit OCR in pancreatic cancer cells. Studies of similar compounds suggested mitochondrial complex V inhibition. Therefore, results of measuring the activity of human mitochondrial complex V revealed that 1 and 2 inhibited its activity. Oligomycin A, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex V, as well as 1 and 2, strongly inhibited the sphere formation of pancreatic cancer cells cultured in fibroblast CM. The addition of 1 and 2 to pancreatic cancer cells cultured in fibroblast CM increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared with that in the control medium. In pancreatic cancer cells cultured in fibroblast CM, mitochondria significantly influence sphere formation, and targeting their function with 1 and 2 might provide a new therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tatsuda
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masahide Amemiya
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Chisato Nosaka
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure Analysis, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Muramatsu
- Laboraroty of Microbiology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masayuki Igarashi
- Laboraroty of Microbiology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Junjiro Yoshida
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu-shi, Shizuoka, 410-0301, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Laboraroty of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan.
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Skos L, Borutzki Y, Gerner C, Meier-Menches SM. Methods to identify protein targets of metal-based drugs. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 73:102257. [PMID: 36599256 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based anticancer agents occupy a distinct chemical space due to their particular coordination geometry and reactivity. Despite the initial DNA-targeting paradigm for this class of compounds, it is now clear that they can also be tuned to target proteins in cells, depending on the metal and ligand scaffold. Since metallodrug discovery is dominated by phenotypic screenings, tailored proteomics strategies were crucial to identify and validate protein targets of several investigative and clinically advanced metal-based drugs. Here, such experimental approaches are discussed, which showed that metallodrugs based on ruthenium, gold, rhenium and even platinum, can selectively and specifically target proteins with clear-cut down-stream effects. Target identification strategies are expected to support significantly the mechanism-driven clinical translation of metal-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Skos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasmin Borutzki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Samuel M Meier-Menches
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna and Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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4
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Mitra S, Rauf A, Sutradhar H, Sadaf S, Hossain MJ, Soma MA, Emran TB, Ahmad B, Aljohani ASM, Al Abdulmonem W, Thiruvengadam M. Potential candidates from marine and terrestrial resources targeting mitochondrial inhibition: Insights from the molecular approach. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109509. [PMID: 36368509 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the target sites for multiple disease manifestations, for which it is appealing to researchers' attention for advanced pharmacological interventions. Mitochondrial inhibitors from natural sources are of therapeutic interest due to their promising benefits on physiological complications. Mitochondrial complexes I, II, III, IV, and V are the most common sites for the induction of inhibition by drug candidates, henceforth alleviating the manifestations, prevalence, as well as severity of diseases. Though there are few therapeutic options currently available on the market. However, it is crucial to develop new candidates from natural resources, as mitochondria-targeting abnormalities are rising to a greater extent. Marine and terrestrial sources possess plenty of bioactive compounds that are appeared to be effective in this regard. Ample research investigations have been performed to appraise the potentiality of these compounds in terms of mitochondrial disorders. So, this review outlines the role of terrestrial and marine-derived compounds in mitochondrial inhibition as well as their clinical status too. Additionally, mitochondrial regulation and, therefore, the significance of mitochondrial inhibition by terrestrial and marine-derived compounds in drug discovery are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi 23430, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Hriday Sutradhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Samia Sadaf
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Afroz Soma
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Institute of Biotechnology & Microbiology, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Review Marine Pharmacology in 2018: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Itoh H. [Total Synthesis and Functional Analysis of Complex Peptidic Natural Products and Their Artificial Analogues]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:561-571. [PMID: 35650072 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on a new solid-phase synthetic strategy for an anticancer natural product yaku'amide B (1) and its target identification and structure-function relationship study using synthetic analogues and probes. To realize the Fmoc-based solid-phase synthesis of 1, we developed new synthetic methods for enamide formation. Namely, modified traceless Staudinger ligation using alkenyl azides and newly designed phosphinophenol esters enabled stereoselective construction of the (E)- and (Z)-ΔIle moieties. Furthermore, resin-cleavage and C-terminus modification were simultaneously achieved with an ester-amide exchange reaction using C-terminal amine and AlMe3, which successfully afforded 1 via a full solid-phase route. The developed strategy was applied to the construction of seven E/Z isomers of 1. In the target identification of 1, fluorescent imaging study and affinity pull-down assay using the synthetic probes revealed that 1 exerts potent cytostatic activity by binding to subunits α and β of mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase. On the basis of the mode of action of 1, we conducted biological evaluation of the seven E/Z-isomers of 1. Assessment of growth inhibition activity and the effect on FoF1-ATP synthase indicates that the E/Z-stereochemistry of the three ΔIle residues controls the magnitude of biological functions of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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7
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Lo CCL, Joaquin D, Moyá DA, Ramos A, Kastner DW, White SM, Christensen BL, Naglich JG, Degnen WJ, Castle SL. Synthesis and evaluation of potent yaku'amide A analogs. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1899-1905. [PMID: 35308852 PMCID: PMC8848768 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two full-length analogs of the anticancer peptide yaku'amide A (1a) and four partial structures have been synthesized. These analogs were identified by computational studies in which the three E- and Z-ΔIle residues of the natural product were replaced by the more accessible dehydroamino acids ΔVal and ΔEnv. Of the eight possible analogs, modeling showed that the targeted structures 2a and 2b most closely resembled the three-dimensional structure of 1a. Synthesis of 2a and 2b followed a convergent route that was streamlined by the absence of ΔIle in the targets. Screening of the compounds against various cancer cell lines revealed that 2a and 2b mimic the potent anticancer activity of 1a, thereby validating the computational studies. Simplified full-length analogs of yaku'amide A were designed with the aid of computations and then synthesized. The analog that was predicted to most closely resemble the structure of the natural product mimicked its anticancer activity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Concordia C L Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Daniel Joaquin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Diego A Moyá
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Alexander Ramos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - David W Kastner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Stephen M White
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Blake L Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Joseph G Naglich
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Research & Early Development, Mechanistic Pharmacology-Leads Discovery & Optimization Rte 206 & Province Line Rd Princeton NJ 08543 USA
| | | | - Steven L Castle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
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8
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Xue YW, Itoh H, Dan S, Inoue M. Gramicidin A accumulates in mitochondria, reduces ATP levels, induces mitophagy, and inhibits cancer cell growth. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7482-7491. [PMID: 35872830 PMCID: PMC9241976 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02024f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we revealed the spatiotemporal behavior of gramicidin A in cancer cells. Gramicidin A depolarizes both the plasma and mitochondrial membranes, inhibits ATP synthesis, and induces mitophagy, thereby causing potent inhibition of cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Xue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shingo Dan
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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9
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Development and application of highly sensitive labeling reagents for amino acids. Methods Enzymol 2022; 665:105-133. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Design, synthesis, and target identification of new hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) inhibitors containing 1-alkyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116375. [PMID: 34492592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a promising drug target for cancer chemotherapy. In our screening program aimed at identifying new HIF-1 inhibitors by using a hypoxia-responsive luciferase reporter gene assay, KUSC-5001 containing the 1-alkyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide moiety was found as a potential hit molecule. During an extensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, we developed a more effective HIF-1 inhibitor KUSC-5037 (IC50 = 1.2 μM). Under hypoxic conditions, KUSC-5037 suppressed the HIF-1α (a regulatory subunit of HIF-1) mRNA, causing decreases in the gene expression of HIF-1 target genes such as carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes. Furthermore, by applying our fluorescent and bifunctional probes, ATP5B, a catalytic β subunit of mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase, was identified as a target protein of KUSC-5037. These results indicate that the derivatives of KUSC-5037 containing the 1-alkyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide moiety are promising lead molecules for the inhibition of HIF-1 signaling via FoF1-ATP synthase suppression.
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Kamiya K, Itoh H, Inoue M. Generation and Biological Evaluation of Degraded Derivatives of the Three E/ Z-Isomers of Yaku'amide B. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1854-1859. [PMID: 34078086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Potently cytostatic yaku'amide B (1) is a highly unsaturated linear tridecapeptide. During our synthetic studies of the E/Z-isomers of the α,β-dehydroisoleucines of 1, an unexpected retro-aldol reaction proceeded to transform E/Z-isomers 2, 3, and 4 into 2a, 3a, and 4a/4b, respectively. Compounds 2a, 3a, and 4a have a glycine at residue-1 instead of β-hydroxyisoleucine, and the β-hydroxyvaline at residue-8 in 4a is further replaced by glycine in 4b. Evaluation of the growth inhibition activities against MCF-7 cells revealed that 4b was approximately 10-fold weaker than the equipotent 2-4 and 2a-4a, demonstrating the biological importance of a bulky side chain at residue-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Abstract
Natural products are the most effective source of potential drug leads. The total
synthesis of bioactive natural products plays a crucial role in confirming the hypothetical
complex structure of natural products in the laboratory. The total synthesis of rare bioactive
natural products is one of the great challenges for the organic synthetic community due to
their complex structures, biochemical specificity, and difficult stereochemistry. Subsequently,
the total synthesis is a long process in several cases, and it requires a substantial amount of
time. Microwave irradiation has emerged as a greener tool in organic methodologies to reduce
reaction time from days and hours to minutes and seconds. Moreover, this non-classical
methodology increases product yields and purities, improves reproducibility, modifications of
selectivity, simplification of work-up methods, and reduces unwanted side reactions. Such
beneficial qualities have stimulated this review to cover the application of microwave irradiation in the field of the
total synthesis of bioactive natural products for the first time during the last decade. An overview of the use of microwave
irradiation, natural sources, structures, and biological activities of secondary metabolites is presented elegantly,
focusing on the involvement of at least one or more steps by microwave irradiation as a green technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG Department), Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, Kazi Nazrul University, West Bengal- 713347, India
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published between January and December in 2018 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 717 citations (706 for the period January to December 2018) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1554 in 469 papers for 2018), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. The proportion of MNPs assigned absolute configuration over the last decade is also surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. and Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Small-Scale Preparation of Fluorescently Labeled Chemical Probes from Marine Cyclic Peptides, Kapakahines A and F. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020076. [PMID: 33572527 PMCID: PMC7912572 DOI: 10.3390/md19020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of bioactive marine natural products have been isolated so far, but it is still difficult to disclose their modes of action. In this study, we prepared fluorescently labeled chemical probes from the cytotoxic marine cyclic peptides kapakahines A (1) and F (2) to visualize their localization as the first step of the study of their modes of action. We used fluorescent dyes 3a or 3a/b (a 1:1 mixture of 3a and 3b) whose terminal N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) group can react with the free amino groups of kapakahines. The fluorescently labeled kapakahine A (Kap A-5-FL, 5a) stained P388 murine leukemia cells and HeLa human cervical cancer cells, while cells treated with fluorescently labeled kapakahine F (Kap F-5-FL, 6a) only weakly stained them. Further analysis of the confocal images of the stained cells with higher magnification (×100) indicated the localization of Kap A-5-FL (5a) in the cells. In this paper, we report the small-scale preparation and a new delivery method of fluorescent probes, as well as the application of these procedures to cell staining.
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Cai Y, Ma Z, Jiang J, Lo CCL, Luo S, Jalan A, Cardon JM, Ramos A, Moyá DA, Joaquin D, Castle SL. Convergent Total Synthesis of Yaku'amide A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Jintao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Concordia C. L. Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Shi Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Ankur Jalan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Joseph M. Cardon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Alexander Ramos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Diego A. Moyá
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Daniel Joaquin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Steven L. Castle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA
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16
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Cai Y, Ma Z, Jiang J, Lo CCL, Luo S, Jalan A, Cardon JM, Ramos A, Moyá DA, Joaquin D, Castle SL. Convergent Total Synthesis of Yaku'amide A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5162-5167. [PMID: 33336547 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Total synthesis of the anticancer peptide natural product yaku'amide A is reported. Its β-tert-hydroxy amino acids were prepared by regioselective aminohydroxylation involving a chiral mesyloxycarbamate reagent. Stereospecific construction of the E- and Z-ΔIle residues was accomplished through a one-pot reaction featuring anti dehydration, azide reduction, and O→N acyl transfer. Alkene isomerization was negligible during this process. These methods enabled a highly convergent and efficient synthetic route to the natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Jintao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Concordia C L Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Shi Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Ankur Jalan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Joseph M Cardon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Alexander Ramos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Diego A Moyá
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Daniel Joaquin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Steven L Castle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
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17
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Ha J, Park H, Park J, Park SB. Recent advances in identifying protein targets in drug discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 28:394-423. [PMID: 33357463 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phenotype-based screening has emerged as an alternative route for discovering new chemical entities toward first-in-class therapeutics. However, clarifying their mode of action has been a significant bottleneck for drug discovery. For target protein identification, conventionally bioactive small molecules are conjugated onto solid supports and then applied to isolate target proteins from whole proteome. This approach requires a high binding affinity between bioactive small molecules and their target proteins. Besides, the binding affinity can be significantly hampered after structural modifications of bioactive molecules with linkers. To overcome these limitations, two major strategies have recently been pursued: (1) the covalent conjugation between small molecules and target proteins using photoactivatable moieties or electrophiles, and (2) label-free target identification through monitoring target engagement by tracking the thermal, proteolytic, or chemical stability of target proteins. This review focuses on recent advancements in target identification from covalent capturing to label-free strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Ha
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hankum Park
- CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.
| | - Seung Bum Park
- Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; CRI Center for Chemical Proteomics, Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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18
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Kamiya K, Miura K, Itoh H, Inoue M. Divergent Solid‐Phase Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Yaku'amide B and Its Seven
E
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Z
Isomers. Chemistry 2020; 27:1088-1093. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kensuke Miura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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19
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Wilkinson IVL, Terstappen GC, Russell AJ. Combining experimental strategies for successful target deconvolution. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:S1359-6446(20)30373-1. [PMID: 32971235 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Investment in phenotypic drug discovery has led to increased demand for rapid and robust target deconvolution to aid successful drug development. Although methods for target identification and mechanism of action (MoA) discovery are flourishing, they typically lead to lists of putative targets. Validating which target(s) are involved in the therapeutic mechanism of a compound poses a significant challenge, requiring direct binding, target engagement, and functional studies in relevant physiological contexts. A combination of orthogonal approaches can allow target identification beyond the proteome as well as aid prioritisation for resource-intensive target validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel V L Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Georg C Terstappen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3PQ, UK
| | - Angela J Russell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3PQ, UK.
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20
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Kuranaga T, Minote M, Morimoto R, Pan C, Ogawa H, Kakeya H. Highly Sensitive Labeling Reagents for Scarce Natural Products. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:2499-2506. [PMID: 32865386 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Scarce natural products that possess unique biological activities have been ideal drug leads for decades. However, their identification and structural determinations are problematic owing to sample amount limitation. Inspired by an extremely rare natural product yaku'amide B (10), highly sensitive labeling reagents that would be powerful tools for scarce natural product chemistry were designed and synthesized in this study. By fusion with the key structural motif for the structural revision of 10, the detection sensitivities of amino acid labeling reagents were drastically enhanced in LC-MS analysis. These advanced labeling reagents enabled the detection of infinitesimal amounts of amino acids and peptide hydrolysates. This sensitivity-enhancement design concept was also applicable to reagents for labeling saccharides and reactivity-guided isolation of electrophilic natural products. Details of these reagents, including their practical preparations and extended applications, are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Kuranaga
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mayuri Minote
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryota Morimoto
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Chengqian Pan
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Haruka Ogawa
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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21
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Natural products and other inhibitors of F 1F O ATP synthase. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112779. [PMID: 32942072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
F1FO ATP synthase is responsible for the production of >95% of all ATP synthesis within the cell. Dysregulation of its expression, activity or localization is linked to various human diseases including cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In addition, ATP synthase is a novel and viable drug target for the development of antimicrobials as evidenced by bedaquiline, which was approved in 2012 for the treatment of tuberculosis. Historically, natural products have been a rich source of ATP synthase inhibitors that help unravel the role of F1FO ATP synthase in cellular bioenergetics. During the last decade, new modulators of ATP synthase have been discovered through the isolation of novel natural products as well as through a ligand-based drug design process. In addition, new data has been obtained with regards to the structure and function of ATP synthase under physiological and pathological conditions. Crystal structure studies have provided a significant insight into the rotary function of the enzyme and may provide additional opportunities to design a new generation of inhibitors. This review provides an update on recently discovered ATP synthase modulators as well as an update on existing scaffolds.
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22
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Synthetic biology based construction of biological activity-related library of fungal decalin-containing diterpenoid pyrones. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1830. [PMID: 32286350 PMCID: PMC7156458 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15664-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic biology method based on heterologous biosynthesis coupled with genome mining is a promising approach for increasing the opportunities to rationally access natural product with novel structures and biological activities through total biosynthesis and combinatorial biosynthesis. Here, we demonstrate the advantage of the synthetic biology method to explore biological activity-related chemical space through the comprehensive heterologous biosynthesis of fungal decalin-containing diterpenoid pyrones (DDPs). Genome mining reveals putative DDP biosynthetic gene clusters distributed in five fungal genera. In addition, we design extended DDP pathways by combinatorial biosynthesis. In total, ten DDP pathways, including five native pathways, four extended pathways and one shunt pathway, are heterologously reconstituted in a genetically tractable heterologous host, Aspergillus oryzae, resulting in the production of 22 DDPs, including 15 new analogues. We also demonstrate the advantage of expanding the diversity of DDPs to probe various bioactive molecules through a wide range of biological evaluations. Combining genome mining and heterologous expression in a genetically tractable host can lead to bioactive natural products discovery and production. Here, the authors employ this strategy for new decalin-containing diterpenoid pyrenes production by expressing native, extended, and shunt pathways in Aspergillus oryzae.
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23
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Itoh H, Miura K, Kamiya K, Yamashita T, Inoue M. Solid‐Phase Total Synthesis of Yaku'amide B Enabled by Traceless Staudinger Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Kensuke Miura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Koichi Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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24
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Itoh H, Miura K, Kamiya K, Yamashita T, Inoue M. Solid-Phase Total Synthesis of Yaku'amide B Enabled by Traceless Staudinger Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4564-4571. [PMID: 31943639 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report a solid-phase strategy for total synthesis of the peptidic natural product yaku'amide B (1), which exhibits antiproliferative activity against various cancer cells. Its linear tridecapeptide sequence bears four β,β-dialkylated α,β-dehydroamino acid residues and is capped with an N-terminal acyl group (NTA) and a C-terminal amine (CTA). To realize the Fmoc-based solid-phase synthesis of this complex structure, we developed new methods for enamide formation, enamide deprotection, and C-terminal modification. First, traceless Staudinger ligation enabled enamide formation between sterically encumbered alkenyl azides and newly designed phosphinophenol esters. Second, application of Eu(OTf)3 led to chemoselective removal of the enamide Boc groups without detaching the resin linker. Finally, resin-cleavage and C-terminus modification were simultaneously achieved with an ester-amide exchange reaction using CTA and AlMe3 to deliver 1 in 9.1 % overall yield (24 steps from the resin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koichi Kamiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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25
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Song F, Chen L, Lin R, Salter R. Synthesis of carboxy-polyethylene glycol-amine (CA (PEG) n ) and [1- 14 C]-CA (PEG) n via oxa-Michael addition of amino-polyethylene glycols to propiolates vs to acrylates. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2020; 63:15-24. [PMID: 31736118 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of carboxy-polyethylene glycol-amine (CA (PEG)n ) via oxa-Michael addition of amino-polyethylene glycols to either acrylates or propiolates was investigated. Compared with the oxa-Michael addition to acrylates, the corresponding addition to propiolates was found to proceed under mild reaction conditions and afford the adducts in high yields from a broad scope of substrates. A two-step efficient and convenient synthesis of benzyl [1-14 C]-propiolate from 14 CO2 was therefore developed and utilized as a common synthon to afford practical and high yielding access to [1-14 C]-CA (PEG)n .
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbin Song
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ronghui Lin
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rhys Salter
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
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26
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Ishikawa Y, Murai Y, Sakata M, Mori S, Matsuo S, Senuma W, Ohnishi K, Hikichi Y, Kai K. Activation of Ralfuranone/Ralstonin Production by Plant Sugars Functions in the Virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1546-1555. [PMID: 31246411 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant pathogenic bacteria possess sophisticated mechanisms to detect the presence of host plants by sensing host-derived compounds. Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of bacterial wilt on solanaceous plants, employs quorum sensing to control the production of the secondary metabolite ralfuranones/ralstonins, which have been suggested to be involved in virulence. Here, we report that d-galactose and d-glucose, plant sugars, activate the production of ralfuranones/ralstonins in R. solanacearum. As a result, two new derivatives, ralfuranone M (1) and ralstonin C (2), were found in the culture extracts, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Ralstonin C (2) is a cyclic lipopeptide containing a unique fatty acid, (2S,3S,Z)-3-amino-2-hydroxyicos-13-enoic acid, whereas ralfuranone M (1) has a common aryl-furanone structure with other ralfuranones. d-Galactose and d-glucose activated the expression of the biosynthetic ralfuranone/ralstonin genes and in part became the biosynthetic source of ralfuranones/ralstonins. Ralfuranones and ralstonins were detected from the xylem fluid of the infected tomato plants, and their production-deficient mutants exhibited reduced virulence on tomato and tobacco plants. Taken together, these results suggest that activation of ralfuranone/ralstonin production by host sugars functions in R. solanacearum virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Yuta Murai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Megumi Sakata
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Shoko Mori
- Bioorganic Research Institute , Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences , 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho , Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284 , Japan
| | - Shoma Matsuo
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Wakana Senuma
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology , Kochi University , 200 Otsu, Monobe , Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502 , Japan
| | - Kouhei Ohnishi
- Research Institute of Molecular Genetics , Kochi University , 200 Otsu, Monobe , Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502 , Japan
| | - Yasufumi Hikichi
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology and Biotechnology , Kochi University , 200 Otsu, Monobe , Nanko-ku, Kochi 783-8502 , Japan
| | - Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Naka-ku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
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