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Lei Q, Yang J, Si J, Zhao Y, Ren Z, Zhang W, Li H, Wu Z, Sun Y, Chen J, Wen W, Wang Y, Gao Y, Li X, Tai R, Zhu D. Unravelling Twin Topotactic/Nontopotactic Reactive TiSe 2 Cathodes for Aqueous Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306810. [PMID: 37722006 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Titanium selenide (TiSe2 ), a model transition metal chalcogenide material, typically relies on topotactic ion intercalation/deintercalation to achieve stable ion storage with minimal disruption of the transport pathways but has restricted capacity (<130 mAh g-1 ). Developing novel energy storage mechanisms beyond conventional intercalation to break capacity limits in TiSe2 cathodes is essential yet challenging. Herein, the ion storage properties of TiSe2 are revisited and an unusual thermodynamically stable twin topotactic/nontopotactic Cu2+ accommodation mechanism for aqueous batteries is unraveled. In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and ex situ microscopy jointly demonstrated that topotactic intercalation sustained the ion transport framework, nontopotactic conversion involved localized multielectron reactions, and these two parallel reactions are miraculously intertwined in nanoscale space. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical results suggested that the twin-reaction mechanism significantly improved the electron transfer ability, and the reserved intercalated TiSe2 structure anchored the reduced titanium monomers with high affinity and promoted efficient charge transfer to synergistically enhance the capacity and reversibility. Consequently, TiSe2 nanoflake cathodes delivered a never-before-achieved capacity of 275.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 , 93.5% capacity retention over 1000 cycles, and endow hybrid batteries (TiSe2 -Cu||Zn) with a stable energy supply of 181.34 Wh kg-1 at 2339.81 W kg-1 , offering a promising model for aqueous ion storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lei
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- School of Arts and Sciences, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jingying Si
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Zhiguo Ren
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - ZeZhou Wu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yuanhe Sun
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Jige Chen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wen Wen
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Renzhong Tai
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Daming Zhu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
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Kamm GE, Huang G, Vornholt SM, McAuliffe RD, Veith GM, Thornton KS, Chapman KW. Relative Kinetics of Solid-State Reactions: The Role of Architecture in Controlling Reactivity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11975-11979. [PMID: 35763716 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Countless inorganic materials are prepared via high temperature solid-state reaction of mixtures of reagents powders. Understanding and controlling the phenomena that limit these solid-state reactions is crucial to designing reactions for new materials synthesis. Here, focusing on topotactic ion-exchange between NaFeO2 and LiBr as a model reaction, we manipulate the mesoscale reaction architecture and transport pathways by changing the packing and interfacial contact between reagent particles. Through analysis of in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction data, we identify multiple kinetic regimes that reflect transport limitations on different length scales: a fast kinetic regime in the first minutes of the reaction and a slow kinetic regime that follows. The fast kinetic regime dominates the observed reaction progress and depends on the reagent packing; this challenges the view that solid-state reactions are necessarily slow. Using a phase-field model, we simulated the reaction process and showed that particles without direct contact to the other reactant phases experience large reduction in the reaction rate, even when transport hindrance at particle-particle contacts is not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle E Kamm
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Simon M Vornholt
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Rebecca D McAuliffe
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gabriel M Veith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Katsuyo S Thornton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Karena W Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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Cordova DLM, Johnson DC. Synthesis of Metastable Inorganic Solids with Extended Structures. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1345-1368. [PMID: 32346904 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The number of known inorganic compounds is dramatically less than predicted due to synthetic challenges, which often constrains products to only the thermodynamically most stable compounds. Consequently, a mechanism-based approach to inorganic solids with designed structures is the holy grail of solid state synthesis. This article discusses a number of synthetic approaches using the concept of an energy landscape, which describes the complex relationship between the energy of different atomic configurations as a function of a variety of parameters such as initial structure, temperature, pressure, and composition. Nucleation limited synthesis approaches with high diffusion rates are contrasted with diffusion limited synthesis approaches. One challenge to the synthesis of new compounds is the inability to accurately predict what structures might be local free energy minima in the free energy landscape. Approaches to this challenge include predicting potentially stable compounds thorough the use of structural homologies and/or theoretical calculations. A second challenge to the synthesis of metastable inorganic solids is developing approaches to move across the energy landscape to a desired local free energy minimum while avoiding deeper free energy minima, such as stable binary compounds, as reaction intermediates. An approach using amorphous intermediates is presented, where local composition can be used to prepare metastable compounds. Designed nanoarchitecture built into a precursor can be preserved at low reaction temperatures and used to direct the reaction to specific structural homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Leo M Cordova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon, 97403, USA
| | - David C Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, 1253 University of Oregon Eugene, Oregon, 97403, USA
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