1
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Tan Z, Liu Y, Feng X. Photoredox-catalyzed C( sp3)─H radical functionalization to enable asymmetric synthesis of α-chiral alkyl phosphine. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn9738. [PMID: 38838147 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn9738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
α-Chiral alkyl phosphines are privileged structural motifs with a wide application in organic and medical synthesis. It is highly desirable to develop stereoselective methods to prepare these enantioenriched molecules. The incorporation of C(sp3)─H functionalization and chiral phosphine chemistry is much less explored, probably because of the weak reactivity of C(sp3)─H bonds and/or the challenging site- and stereoselectivity issues. Herein, we disclose a synergistic catalysis system to enable an enantioselective radical addition process of α-substituted vinylphosphine oxides. An array of diverse α-chiral alkyl phosphors compounds is smoothly accessed by using the readily available chemicals as the inert C(sp3)─H bond reagent, such as sulfides, amines, alkenes, and toluene derivatives, exerting remarkable chemo-, site-, and enantioselectivity. On the basis of the mechanistic studies, both the C(sp3)─H bond activation and the stereochemistry-determining step are proposed to involve a single-electron transfer/proton transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenda Tan
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Yangbin Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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2
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Zhang JM, Wang YC, Chen L, Ma C, He ZT. Stereoselective Synthesis of Polysubstituted Dihydropyrroles via 1,5-Addition and N-1,4-Addition Cascade. Chemistry 2024:e202401350. [PMID: 38700514 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented 1,5-addition/N-1,4-addition cascade reaction is established via palladium hydride catalysis. A variety of polysubstituted dihydropyrrole skeletons are constructed in high yield and with exclusively >20 : 1 diastereoselectivity. An enantioselective protocol of this design is also developed to provide a novel access to enantioenriched dihydropyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310024, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Ningbo Zhongke Creation Center of New Materials, 315899, Ningbo, China
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3
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Wang G, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zong X, Zhang X, Zheng K, Qu D, An L, Qi X, Sun Z. Mechanistic Investigation into Single-Electron Oxidative Addition of Single-Atom Cu(I)-N 4 Site: Revealing the Cu(I)-Cu(II)-Cu(I) Catalytic Cycle in Photochemical Hydrophosphinylation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8668-8676. [PMID: 38498937 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the valency and structural variations of metal centers during reactions is important for mechanistic studies of single-atom catalysis, which could be beneficial for optimizing reactions and designing new protocols. Herein, we precisely developed a single-atom Cu(I)-N4 site catalyst via a photoinduced ligand exchange (PILE) strategy. The low-valent and electron-rich copper species could catalyze hydrophosphinylation via a novel single-electron oxidative addition (OA) pathway under light irradiation, which could considerably decrease the energy barrier compared with the well-known hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and single electron transfer (SET) processes. The Cu(I)-Cu(II)-Cu(I) catalytic cycle, via single-electron oxidative addition and photoreduction, has been proven by multiple in situ or operando techniques. This catalytic system demonstrates high efficiency and requires room temperature conditions and no additives, which improves the turnover frequency (TOF) to 1507 h-1. In particular, this unique mechanism has broken through the substrate limitation and shows a broad scope for different electronic effects of alkenes and alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yichang Liu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xupeng Zong
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Solids, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dan Qu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Li An
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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4
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Han AJ, Tan Q, He ZT. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric O-1,5-Addition with Oximes via Hydroximation of Unsaturated Esters. Org Lett 2024; 26:89-93. [PMID: 38127266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Different from electronically matched 1,4- and 1,6-additions, herein, we disclose an electronically mismatched 1,5-conjugate addition process with oximes as the nucleophiles. By this design, the oxime moieties are readily introduced to the γ-position of the electron-deficient substrates in good yields, excellent regioselectivities, and high enantioselectivities. The corresponding allyl oximes are also conveniently transformed into a series of valuable enantioenriched skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Jun Han
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qitao Tan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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5
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Zhang Z, Gevorgyan V. Escape from Hydrofunctionalization: Palladium Hydride-Enabled Difunctionalization of Conjugated Dienes and Enynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311848. [PMID: 37788158 PMCID: PMC10842412 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Palladium hydrides are traditionally employed in hydrofunctionalization (i.e. monofunctionalization) of conjugated dienes and enynes, owning to its facile protic hydropalladation of electron-rich (or neutral) unsaturated bonds. Herein, we report a mild PdH-catalyzed difunctionalization of conjugated dienes and enynes. This protocol is enabled by the chemoselectivity switch of the initial hydropalladation step achieved by visible light enhancement of hydricity of PdH species. This method allows for cascade annulation of dienes and enynes with various easily available and abundant substrates, such as acrylic acids, acrylic amides, and Baylis-Hillman adducts, toward a wide range of alkenyl or alkynyl lactones, lactams, and tetrahydrofurans. This protocol also provides an easy access to complex spiro-fused tricyclic frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas, 75080, USA
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas, 75080, USA
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6
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Zhang WS, Ji DW, Yang Y, Song TT, Zhang G, Wang XY, Chen QA. Nucleophilic aromatization of monoterpenes from isoprene under nickel/iodine cascade catalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7087. [PMID: 37925506 PMCID: PMC10625535 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a large number of organic compounds possessing two isoprene units, monoterpenes and monoterpenoids play important roles in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. In nature, monoterpenes are constructed from geranyl pyrophosphate (C10) via various transformations. Herein, the bulk C5 chemical-isoprene, is used for the creation of various monoterpenoids via a nucleophilic aromatization of monoterpenes under cascade catalysis of nickel and iodine. Drugs and oil mixtures from conifer and lemon can be convergently transformed to the desired monoterpenoid. Preliminary mechanistic studies are conducted to get insights about reaction pathway. Two types of cyclic monoterpenes can be respectively introduced onto two similar heterocycles via orthogonal C-H functionalization. And various hybrid terpenyl indoles are programmatically assembled from abundant C5 or C10 blocks. This work not only contributes a high chemo-, regio-, and redox-selective transformation of isoprene, but also provides a complementary approach for the creation of unnatural monoterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Song Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Song
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, People's Republic of China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Li Q, Li J, Zhang J, Wu S, Zhang Y, Lin A, Yao H. Enantioselective Synthesis of Bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes via Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkene-Alkyne Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202313404. [PMID: 37921257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Bicyclo[3.2.1]octadiene compounds and derivatives exist in a number of natural products and bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, catalytic enantioselective protocols for the synthesis of these skeletons have not been disclosed. Herein we reported a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular alkene-alkyne coupling of alkyne-tethered cyclopentenes, affording a library of enantionenriched bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes in excellent yields and enantioselectivities (mostly >99 % ee). Moreover, the products could undergo an unusual iodination-induced 1,2-acyl migration, forming iodinated bicyclo[3.2.1]octadienes with three vicinal stereocenters. The enone and isolated olefin motifs embedded in the products provide useful handles for downstream elaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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8
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Tang MQ, Yang ZJ, He ZT. Asymmetric formal sp 2-hydrocarbonations of dienes and alkynes via palladium hydride catalysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6303. [PMID: 37813855 PMCID: PMC10562392 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrofunctionalizations of unsaturated bonds via π-ƞ3 substitution have emerged as a reliable method to construct stereogenic centers, and mainly rely on the use of heteroatom-based or carbon nucleophiles bearing acidic C-H bonds. In comparison, sp2 carbon nucleophiles are generally not under consideration because of enormous challenges in cleaving corresponding inert sp2 C-H bonds. Here, we report a protocol to achieve asymmetric formal sp2 hydrocarbonations, including hydroalkenylation, hydroallenylation and hydroketenimination of both 1,3-dienes and alkynes via hydroalkylation and Wittig reaction cascade. A series of unachievable motifs via hydrofunctionalizations, such as di-, tri- and tetra-substituted alkenes, di-, tri- and tetra-substituted allenes, and tri-substituted ketenimines in allyl skeletons are all facilely constructed in high regio-, diastereo- and enantioselectivities with this cascade design. Stereodivergent synthesis of all four stereoisomers of 1,4-diene bearing a stereocenter and Z/E-controllable olefin unit highlights the power of present protocol. An interesting mechanistic feature is revealed that alkyne actually undergoes hydrocarbonation via the formation of conjugated diene intermediate, different from conventional viewpoint that the hydrofunctionalization of alkynes only involves allene species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qiao Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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9
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Li X, Song H, Yu S, Mi R, Li XX. Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective 1,4-Oxyamination of Conjugated gem-Difluorodienes via Coupling with Carboxylic Acids and Dioxazolones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305669. [PMID: 37357836 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of fluorine atoms in organics improves their bioactivity and lipophilicity. Catalytic functionalization of gem-difluorodienes represents one of the most straightforward approaches to access fluorinated alkenes. In contrast to the regular 1,3-dienes that undergo diverse asymmetric di/hydrofunctionalizations, the regio- and enantioselective oxyamination of gem-difluorodienes remains untouched. Herein, we report asymmetric 1,4-oxyamination of gem-difluorodiene by chiral rhodium-catalyzed three-component coupling with readily available carboxylic acid and dioxazolone, affording gem-difluorinated 1,4-amino alcohol derivatives. Our asymmetric protocol exhibits high 1,4-regio- and enantioselectivity with utility in the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals and natural products. Stoichiometric experiments provide evidences for the π-allylrhodium pathway. Related oxyamination was also realized when trifluoroethanol was used as an oxygen nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Heng Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Songjie Yu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Ruijie Mi
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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10
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Daniels BS, Hou X, Corio SA, Weissman LM, Dong VM, Hirschi JS, Nie S. Copper-Phosphido Catalysis: Enantioselective Addition of Phosphines to Cyclopropenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306511. [PMID: 37332088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
We describe a copper catalyst that promotes the addition of phosphines to cyclopropenes at ambient temperature. A range of cyclopropylphosphines bearing different steric and electronic properties can now be accessed in high yields and enantioselectivities. Enrichment of phosphorus stereocenters is also demonstrated via a Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation (DyKAT) process. A combined experimental and theoretical mechanistic study supports an elementary step featuring insertion of a CuI -phosphido into a carbon-carbon double bond. Density functional theory calculations reveal migratory insertion as the rate- and stereo-determining step, followed by a syn-protodemetalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Xintong Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Corio
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Lindsey M Weissman
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Vy M Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Hirschi
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Shaozhen Nie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Rd, 19426, Collegeville, PA, USA
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11
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Chen XX, Luo H, Chen YW, Liu Y, He ZT. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Directed Migratory Allylation of Remote Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307628. [PMID: 37387558 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Chain walking has been an efficient route to realize the functionalization of inert C(sp3 )-H bonds, but this strategy is limited to mono-olefin migration and functionalization. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of tandem directed simultaneous migrations of remote olefins and stereoselective allylation for the first time. The adoption of palladium hydride catalysis and secondary amine morpholine as solvent is critical for achieving high substrate compatibility and stereochemical control with this method. The protocol is also applicable to the functionalization of three vicinal C(sp3 )-H bonds and thus construct three continuous stereocenters along a propylidene moiety via a short synthetic process. Preliminary mechanistic experiments corroborated the design of simultaneous walking of remote dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Xiao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ye-Wei Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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12
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Ji D, Qi Z, Li X. Palladium-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Hydrophosphination of gem-Difluoroallenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:5957-5962. [PMID: 37560965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral allylic phosphines and gem-difluoroalkenes are both important structural motifs in various bioactive molecules, chiral ligands, and natural products. These two motifs are now integrated, and we herein report a straightforward and atom-economical enantioselective hydrophosphination of gem-difluoroallenes using disubstituted phosphines. A wide array of enantioenriched fluorinated allylic phosphines has been accessed with excellent regio- and enantioselectivity and high efficiency. Synthetic and catalytic applications of phosphine products have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Zisong Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi'an 710062, China
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13
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Pan YY, Zhu XW, Shi L, Jiang G, Wu XX. Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Cyclization with P(O)H Compounds to Construct Phosphinonyl-Azaindoline and -Azaoxindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9843-9852. [PMID: 37433020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a concise method for the construction of phosphinonyl-azaindoline and -azaoxindole derivatives via a palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization with P(O)H compounds. Various H-phosphonates, H-phosphinates, and aromatic secondary phosphine oxides are all tolerated under the reaction conditions. Furthermore, the phosphinonyl-azaindoline isomer families such as 7-, 5-, and 4-azaindolines could be synthesized in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Wei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Guomin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
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14
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Xia Q, Zhou Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Song G. Solvent-switchable regioselective 1,2- or 1,6-addition of quinones with boronic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37334622 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01968c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient copper-catalyzed solvent-switchable regioselective 1,2- or 1,6-addition of quinones with boronic acids has been developed. This novel catalytic protocol for the synthesis of various quinols and 4-phenoxyphenols was enabled by a simple solvent swap between H2O and MeOH. It features mild reaction conditions, simple and easy operation, broad substrate scope and excellent regioselectivity. The gram-scale reactions as well as the further transformations of both addition products were also successfully investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Yaxuan Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Xiaoning Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Yanqiu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Gonghua Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
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15
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Zhou J, Meng L, Lin S, Cai B, Wang J. Palladium-catalyzed Enantio- and Regioselective Ring-Opening Hydrophosphinylation of Methylenecyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202303727. [PMID: 37186017 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of methylenecyclopropanes (MCP) has presented a considerable challenge due to the difficult manipulation of regioselectivity and complicated reaction patterns. Herein, we report a straightforward Pd-catalyzed ring-opening hydrophosphinylation reaction of MCP via highly selective C-C bond cleavage. This allows for rapid and efficient access to a wide range of chiral allylic phosphine oxides in good yields and high enantioselectivities. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origin of product enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG
| | - Ling Meng
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, HONG KONG
| | - Shujuan Lin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Baohua Cai
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Jun Wang
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Department of Chemistry, Ho Sin Hang Campus, 000000, Hong Kong, HONG KONG
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16
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Zhou H, Fan LW, Ren YQ, Wang LL, Yang CJ, Gu QS, Li ZL, Liu XY. Copper-Catalyzed Chemo- and Enantioselective Radical 1,2-Carbophosphonylation of Styrenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218523. [PMID: 36722939 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed enantioselective radical difunctionalization of alkenes from readily available alkyl halides and organophosphorus reagents possessing a P-H bond provides an appealing approach for the synthesis of α-chiral alkyl phosphorus compounds. The major challenge arises from the easy generation of a P-centered radical from the P-H-type reagent and its facile addition to the terminal side of alkenes, leading to reverse chemoselectivity. We herein disclose a radical 1,2-carbophosphonylation of styrenes in a highly chemo- and enantioselective manner. The key to the success lies in not only the implementation of dialkyl phosphites with a strong bond dissociation energy to promote the desired chemoselectivity but also the utilization of an anionic chiral N,N,N-ligand to forge the chiral C(sp3 )-P bond. The developed Cu/N,N,N-ligand catalyst has enriched our library of single-electron transfer catalysts in the enantioselective radical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li-Wen Fan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yang-Qing Ren
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Li-Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,School of Science and Institute of Scientific Research, Great Bay University, Dongguan, 523000, China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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17
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Wu KQ, Li H, Zhou A, Yang WR, Yin Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Chemo- and Regioselective C-H Bond Functionalization of Phenols with 1,3-Dienes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2599-2604. [PMID: 36701645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemo- and site-selective functionalization of phenols offers a rapid strategy for the synthesis of phenol derivatives with diverse structures. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond allylic alkylation of phenols with 1,3-dienes, which has precision reactivity at the ortho C-H bond of 2-naphthols, 1-naphthols, and electron-rich phenols. The reaction is accelerated by a diphosphine ligand, does not need any other additive, and features broad substrate scope and good chemo- and regioselectivity. In addition, we have also investigated the asymmetric variant, and the product could be achieved in up to 55% ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei-Ran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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18
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Yang SQ, Han AJ, Liu Y, Tang XY, Lin GQ, He ZT. Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation and Formal Hydration and Hydroaminoxylation of Conjugated Dienes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3915-3925. [PMID: 36763785 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The straightforward construction of stereogenic centers bearing unprotected functional groups, as in nature, has been a persistent pursuit in synthetic chemistry. Abundant applications of free enantioenriched allyl alcohol and allyl hydroxylamine motifs have made the asymmetric hydration and hydroaminoxylation of conjugated dienes from water and hydroxylamine, respectively, intriguing and efficient routes that have, however, been unachievable thus far. A fundamental challenge is the failure to realize transition-metal-catalyzed enantioselective C-O bond constructions via hydrofunctionalization of conjugated dienes. Here, we perform a comprehensive study toward the stereoselective formal hydration and hydroaminoxylation of conjugated dienes by synthesizing a set of new P,N-ligands and identifying an aryl-derived oxime as a surrogate for both water and hydroxylamine. Asymmetric hydroalkoxylation with new P,N-ligands is also elucidated. Furthermore, versatile derivatizations following hydration provide indirect but concise routes to formal hydrophenoxylation, hydrofluoroalkoxylation, and hydrocarboxylation of conjugated dienes that have been unreported thus far. Finally, a ligand-to-ligand hydrogen transfer process is proposed based on the results of preliminary mechanistic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ai-Jun Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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19
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Li Q, Wang Z, Dong VM, Yang XH. Enantioselective Hydroalkoxylation of 1,3-Dienes via Ni-Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3909-3914. [PMID: 36763788 PMCID: PMC9951252 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
As an advance in hydrofunctionalization, we herein report that alcohols add to 1,3-dienes with high regio- and enantioselectivity. Using Ni-DuPhos, we access enantioenriched allylic ethers. Through the choice of solvent-free conditions, we control the reversibility of C-O bond formation. This work showcases a rare example of methanol as a reagent in asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Advanced
Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Advanced
Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
| | - Vy M. Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California−Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Xiao-Hui Yang
- Advanced
Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China
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20
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Li H, Cheng L, Li G, Xu T, Zhang S, Zeng F. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Boroprotonation of Phosphinylallenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:488-493. [PMID: 36637444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of chiral phosphorus compounds from readily available substrates by a facile method is an attractive strategy. In this study, an efficient route for copper-catalyzed asymmetric boroprotonation of phosphinylallenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron with high regioselectivity was developed, affording chiral allylphosphine oxides in high yields with high enantioselectivities of up to 98% ee. The synthetic utility was further demonstrated by the facile transformation of the chiral allylphosphine oxides to several stereospecific products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Guiqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Shengjun Zhang
- State Energy Key Lab of Clean Coal Grading Conversion, Modern Chemical Technology Department, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Rank Coal Pyrolysis, Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Co., Ltd., 166 Seventh Shenzhou Road, Xi'an 710100, P. R. China
| | - Fanlong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Road, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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21
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Cai B, Cui Y, Zhou J, Wang YB, Yang L, Tan B, Wang JJ. Asymmetric Hydrophosphinylation of Alkynes: Facile Access to Axially Chiral Styrene-Phosphines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215820. [PMID: 36424372 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A Cu/CPA co-catalytic system has been developed for achieving the direct hydrophosphinylation of alkynes with phosphine oxides in delivering novel axially chiral phosphorus-containing alkenes in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % yield and 99 % ee). DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction pathway and the origin of enantiocontrol. This streamlined and modular methodology establishes a new platform for the design and application of new axially chiral styrene-phosphine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Cai
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong-Bin Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Joelle Wang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Wang YC, Xiao ZX, Wang M, Yang SQ, Liu JB, He ZT. Umpolung Asymmetric 1,5-Conjugate Addition via Palladium Hydride Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215568. [PMID: 36374273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electronically matched nucleophilic 1,6-conjugate addition has been well studied and widely applied in synthetic areas. In contrast, nucleophilic 1,5-conjugate addition represents an electronically forbidden process and is considered unfeasible. Here, we describe modular protocols for 1,5-conjugate addition reactions via palladium hydride catalysis. Both palladium and synergistic Pd/organocatalyst systems are developed to catalyze 1,5-conjugate reaction, followed by inter- or intramolecular [3+2] cyclization. A migratory 1,5-addition protocol is established to corroborate the feasibility of this umpolung concept. The 1,5-addition products are conveniently transformed into a series of privileged enantioenriched motifs, including polysubstituted tetrahydrofuran, dihydrofuran, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, azetidine, oxetane, thietane, spirocycle and bridged rings. Preliminary mechanistic studies corroborate the involvement of palladium hydride catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zhao-Xin Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shao-Qian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin-Biao Liu
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zhi-Tao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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23
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Wu ZH, Wang HY, Yang HL, Wei LH, Hayashi T, Duan WL. Secondary Phosphine Sulfide-Enabled Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213904. [PMID: 36305853 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An iridium-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of branched allylic phosphine compounds under mild conditions is reported. Products bearing various functional groups can be synthesized with excellent stereoselectivity (up to 99.9 % ee) and regioselectivity. The employment of phosphine sulfides with relatively low deactivation capacity against metal catalysts is crucial for the success of this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Hua Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huai-Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huai-Lan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Tamio Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
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24
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Flaget A, Zhang C, Mazet C. Ni-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydrofunctionalizations of 1,3-Dienes. ACS Catal 2022; 12:15638-15647. [PMID: 36570078 PMCID: PMC9765749 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ni-catalyzed enantioselective hydrofunctionalizations of conjugated dienes are particularly demanding reactions to devise because they require not only addressing the inherent challenges associated with the development of an enantioselective transformation but also overcoming all other aspects of selective catalysis (chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, etc.). However, the value-added nature of the chiral allylic and homoallylic derivatives obtained by these methods, the lack of efficient alternatives, and the use of an earth-abundant first-row transition metal have led to renewed interest over the past decade. In this Perspective, we give an overview of the developments in this field, from the original findings (often dating back to the last century) to the most recent contributions. Emphasis is placed on the nature of the hydrofunctionalization agent (C(sp), C(sp2), C(sp3), N, P, or O).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Clément Mazet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Li X, Yuan M, Chen F, Huang Z, Qing FL, Gutierrez O, Chu L. Three-component enantioselective alkenylation of organophosphonates via nickel metallaphotoredox catalysis. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Ni-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrophosphorylation of enynes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Palladium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrophosphination of internal alkynes: Atroposelective access to phosphine-functionalized olefins. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Belcina MP, Farhadpour B, Tashkandi NY, Henry AT, Bourque JL, Baines KM. Facile Reduction of Phosphine Oxides and <i>H</i>-Phosphonates by Ditetrelenes. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The addition of secondary phosphine oxides to tetramesityldisilene and -digermene results in the mild, partial reduction of the P(V) centre of the organophosphorus oxide to P(III) to yield disilyl and digermyl phosphinite derivatives and illustrates the potential of ditetrelenes to serve as mild reducing agents under ambient conditions. An analogous reaction happens with <i>H</i>-phosphonates. Mechanistic experiments, including deuterium-labelling, kinetic isotope effect (KIE) and variable time normalization analysis (VTNA) experiments, reveal that the 1,3-PH addition likely proceeds through a stepwise reaction pathway with the organophosphorus oxide acting as the nucleophile towards the ditetrelene. Furthermore, a facile exchange between the R<sub>2</sub>PO- moiety on the digermylphosphinite with the R<sub>2</sub>PO moiety of phosphine oxides was discovered and likely proceeds through a direct substitution mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nada Y. Tashkandi
- Western University, Chemistry, London, Ontario, Canada,
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Kim M. Baines
- Western University, Chemistry, London, Ontario, Canada,
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29
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Fernandes RA, Chandra N, Gangani AJ, Khatun GN. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Intermolecular Hydroalkoxylation of 1-Arylbutadienes. J Org Chem 2022. [PMID: 35895934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of (E)-(3-alkoxybut-1-enyl)benzenes by Pd-catalyzed regioselective intermolecular hydroalkoxylation of 1-arylbutadienes has been developed. This method can be executed in a simple operation with no dry reaction conditions required and having tolerance to a wide range of substrates. Chloromethyl methyl ether (MOMCl) as an additive was found to be essential for the success of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Naveen Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ashvin J Gangani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Gulenur N Khatun
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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30
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Li Q, Fang X, Pan R, Yao H, Lin A. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Sequential Hydroamination of 1,3-Enynes: Enantioselective Syntheses of Chiral Imidazolidinones. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11364-11376. [PMID: 35687857 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pd-catalyzed sequential hydroamination of readily available 1,3-enynes is reported. The redox-neutral process provides an efficient route to synthesize a broad scope of imidazolidinones, thiadiazolidines, and imidazolidines. Asymmetric sequential hydroamination generates a series of synthetically valuable, enantioenriched imidazolidinones. Mechanistic studies revealed that the transformation occurred via an intermolecular enyne hydroamination pathway to give an allene intermediate. Subsequent intramolecular hydroamination of the allene intermediate proceeded under the Curtin-Hammett principle to provide enantioenriched imidazolidinone products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Rui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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31
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Zhang Y, Yuan J, Huang G, Yu H, Liu J, Chen J, Meng S, Zhong JJ, Dang L, Yu GA, Che CM. Direct visible-light-induced synthesis of P-stereogenic phosphine oxides under air conditions. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6519-6524. [PMID: 35756532 PMCID: PMC9172294 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, visible-light-induced transformations have been regarded as being among the most environmentally benign and powerful strategies for constructing complex molecules and diverse synthetic building blocks in organic synthesis. However, the development of efficient photochemical processes for assembling enantiomerically pure molecules remains a significant challenge. Herein, we describe a simple and efficient visible-light-induced C–P bond forming reaction for the synthesis of P-chiral heteroaryl phosphine oxides in moderate to high yields with excellent ee values (97–99% ee). Even in the absence of transition metal or photoredox catalysts, a variety of P-chiral heteroaryl phosphine oxides, including chiral diphosphine oxide 41, have been directly obtained under air conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have shown that the reaction involves intersystem crossing and single electron transfer to give a diradical intermediate under visible light irradiation. We describe a simple and efficient visible-light-induced C–P bond forming reaction for the synthesis of P-chiral heteroaryl phosphine oxides in moderate to high yields with excellent ee values (97–99% ee).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jia Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Guanglong Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Sixuan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ji Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Li Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
| | - Guang-Ao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China .,Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Guangdong 515063 P. R. China
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32
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Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Synergistic Pd/Cu-catalyzed enantioselective Csp 2-F bond alkylation of fluoro-1,3-dienes with aldimine esters. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2470. [PMID: 35513394 PMCID: PMC9072389 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to high bond dissociation energies of Csp2-F bonds, using fluorinated compounds in Csp2-Csp3 cross-coupling is difficult. Here the authors report a protocol for enantioselective Csp2-Csp3 coupling of dienyl fluorides with aldimine esters, enabled by synergistic copper and palladium catalysis. This reaction represents the first example of asymmetric Csp2-Csp3 cross-coupling involving an inert Csp2-F bond and provides expeditious access to chiral α-alkenyl α-amino acids with high enantioselectivity. Control experiments suggest that the Csp2-F bond activation occurs through a pathway involving PdH migratory insertion and subsequent allylic defluorination, rather than by direct oxidative addition of the Csp2-F bond to Pd(0). The detailed mechanism is further investigated by DFT calculation and the enantioselectivity is rationalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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33
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Design, synthesis, and applications of stereospecific 1,3-diene carbonyls. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Li B, Liu M, Rehman SU, Li C. Rh-Catalyzed Regio- and Enantioselective Allylic Phosphinylation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2893-2898. [PMID: 35157432 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed branched and enantioselective allylic substitution of monosubstituted precursors with carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and fluoride nucleophiles has been well-established. However, such a selective carbon-phosphorus bond formation has not been realized probably due to the catalyst deactivation by the strong coordinating nature of phosphinylating reagents. Herein, we report a Rh-catalyzed highly regio- and enantioselective synthesis of allylic phosphine oxides in the presence of a chiral bisoxazoline-phosphine ligand. The application of α-hydroxylalkylphosphine oxides to keep the low concentration of the secondary phosphine oxides is essential for the high yields. The addition of diphenyl phosphoric acid was found to not only activate allylic alcohols but also accelerate the carbon-phosphorus bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Min Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sajid Ur Rehman
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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35
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Long J, Li Y, Zhao W, Yin G. Nickel/Brønsted acid dual-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydrophosphinylation of 1,3-dienes: access to chiral allylic phosphine oxides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1390-1397. [PMID: 35222923 PMCID: PMC8809419 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05651d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While chiral allylic organophosphorus compounds are widely utilized in asymmetric catalysis and for accessing bioactive molecules, their synthetic methods are still very limited. We report the development of asymmetric nickel/Brønsted acid dual-catalyzed hydrophosphinylation of 1,3-dienes with phosphine oxides. This reaction is characterized by an inexpensive chiral catalyst, broad substrate scope, and high regio- and enantioselectivity. This study allows the construction of chiral allylic phosphine oxides in a highly economic and efficient manner. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that the 1,3-diene insertion into the chiral Ni-H species is a highly regioselective process and the formation of the chiral C-P bond is an irreversible step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Long
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Weining Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen 518118 China
| | - Guoyin Yin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
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36
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Zhang WS, Ji DW, Li Y, Zhang XX, Zhao CY, Hu YC, Chen QA. Regio- and Stereoselective Diarylation of 1,3-Dienes via Ni/Cr Cocatalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c05441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Song Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding-Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Xin Zhang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Cheng Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing-An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Liao L, Zhang Y, Wu ZW, Ye ZT, Zhang XX, Chen G, Yu JS. Nickel-catalyzed regio- and enantio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoroalkylation of 1,3-dienes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12519-12526. [PMID: 36382272 PMCID: PMC9629049 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03958c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly enantio- and regio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoro(methyl)alkylation of 1,3-dienes was developed using redox-neutral nickel catalysis. It provided a facile strategy to construct diverse monofluoromethyl- or monofluoroalkyl-containing chiral allylic molecules. Notably, this represents the first catalytic asymmetric Markovnikov hydrofluoroalkylation of olefins. The practicability of this methodology is further highlighted by its broad substrate scope, mild base-free conditions, excellent enantio- and regio-selectivity, and diversified product elaborations to access useful fluorinated building blocks. We report a highly enantio- and regio-selective Markovnikov hydromonofluoro(methyl)alkylation of 1,3-dienes using chiral Ni catalysis, allowing access to chiral allylic compounds bearing a CH2F, CD2F or monofluoroalkyl group at the stereocenter.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhong-Tian Ye
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xue-Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Guangying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
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38
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Long J, Ding C, Yin G. Nickel/Brønsted acid dual-catalyzed regioselective C–H bond allylation of phenols with 1,3-dienes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00637e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nickel/Brønsted acid dual-catalyzed C-H bond ortho-allylation of phenols with 1,3-dienes has been developed. This methodology is readily applicable to the modification of complex pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Long
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chao Ding
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guoyin Yin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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39
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Zhang YQ, Han XY, Wu Y, Qi PJ, Zhang Q, Zhang QW. Ni-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrophosphinylation of Conjugated Enynes and Mechanistic Studies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4095-4102. [PMID: 35440997 PMCID: PMC8985578 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of P-stereogenic phosphines is an efficient strategy to access structurally diverse chiral phosphines that could serve as organocatalysts and ligands to transition metals and motifs of antiviral drugs. Herein, we describe a Ni catalyzed highly regio and enantioselective hydrophosphinylation reaction of secondary phosphine oxides and enynes. This method afforded a plethora of alkenyl phosphine oxides which could serve as valuable precursors to bidentate ligands. A new type of mechanism was discovered by combined kinetic studies and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which was opposed to the widely accepted Chalk–Harrod type mechanism. Notably, the alkene moiety which could serve as a directing group by coordinating with the Ni catalyst in the transition state, plays a vital role in determining the reactivity, regio and enantioselectivity. A Ni-catalyzed hydrophosphinylation reaction of enynes was reported with excellent regio and enantioselectivity. A protonation mechanism was uncovered by combined kinetic studies and DFT calculations, which may lead to the discovery of other hydrofunctionalization reactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xue-Yu Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Peng-Jia Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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40
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Lu JL, Kang Y, Zhang Z, Huang YA, Tan LQ, Zhang XZ, Peng JB. A palladium catalyzed stereo-convergent aminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes with nitroarenes: synthesis of ( E, E)-dienamides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01478e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed stereo-convergent aminocarbonylation of 1,3-dienes with nitroarenes has been developed. The reaction of mixtrues of E/Z isomers of 1,3-dienes reacted with nitroarenes and produced (E,E)-dienamides with high stereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Liang Lu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Kang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Ai Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Qi Tan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
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41
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Yang Z, Wang J(J. Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of Allenes with Phosphine Oxides: Access to Chiral Allylic Phosphine Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Yang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jun (Joelle) Wang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong China
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42
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Dai Q, Liu L, Zhang J. Palladium/Xiao‐Phos‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of
sec
‐Phosphine Oxides by
P
‐Benzylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Dai
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University 2005 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University Xinxiang Henan 453007 P. R. China
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43
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Dai Q, Liu L, Zhang J. Palladium/Xiao-Phos-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of sec-Phosphine Oxides by P-Benzylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27247-27252. [PMID: 34672416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
P-stereogenic tert- and sec-phosphines have wide applications in asymmetric catalysis, materials, and pharmaceutical chemistry, however, their practical synthesis still constitutes a significant challenge. Herein, a successful kinetic resolution of rac-secondary phosphine oxides via the enantioselective P-benzylation process catalyzed by the palladium/Xiao-Phos was designed. Both tert- and sec-phosphine oxides were delivered in good yield and excellent enantiopurity (selectivity factor up to 226.1). The appealing synthetic utilities are further demonstrated by the facile preparation of several valuable P-chiral compounds, precursors of bidentate ligands, as well as transition metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Dai
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, P. R. China
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44
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Du X, Zhao H, Li X, Zhang L, Dong Y, Wang P, Zhang D, Liu Q, Liu H. Ligand-Regulated Palladium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Hydroarylation of the Distal Double Bond of Allenamides with Aryl Boronic Acid. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13276-13288. [PMID: 34541854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ligand-regulated regiodivergent hydroarylation of the distal double bond of allenamides with aryl boronic acid was achieved in the presence of palladium(II) catalysts, delivering a variety of functionalized enamide with excellent E selectivity and Markovnikov/anti-Markovnikov selectivity. Two possible coordination intermediates were proposed to be responsible for the regiodivergent hydroarylation: (1) The coordination Intermediate I, which was proposed to be formed through the coordination of MeCN, distal double bond, phenyl to palladium, led to the aryl group away from the Intermediate I, inducing excellent E selectivity and anti-Markovnikov selectivity. (2) A switch of regioselectivity to 1,2-Markovnikov hydroarylation was obtained using bidentate phosphine ligand (dppf or Xantphos). The formed coordination Intermediate II led to the N-tether away from the Intermediate II and at the trans position of aryl, resulting in excellent E selectivity and Markovnikov selectivity. Meanwhile, tentative investigation on the mechanism proved that the hydron source of this hydroarylation is more likely to be boronic acid. The transmetallation between aryl boronic acid and palladium catalyst was the initial step of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinling Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Daopeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
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45
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Yang Z, Wang JJ. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of Allenes with Phosphine Oxides: Access to Chiral Allylic Phosphine Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27288-27292. [PMID: 34581469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed hydrophosphinylation of alkyl and aryl-oxyallenes with phosphine oxides has been developed for the efficient and rapid construction of a family of chiral allylic phosphine oxides with a diverse range of functional groups. This methodology was further applied in the facile construction of chiral 2H-chromene and later stage functionalization of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jun Joelle Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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46
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Palladium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective migratory allylic C(sp 3)-H functionalization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5626. [PMID: 34561444 PMCID: PMC8463607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25978-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution with a suitably pre-stored leaving group in the substrate is widely used in organic synthesis. In contrast, the enantioselective allylic C(sp3)-H functionalization is more straightforward but far less explored. Here we report a catalytic protocol for the long-standing challenging enantioselective allylic C(sp3)-H functionalization. Through palladium hydride-catalyzed chain-walking and allylic substitution, allylic C-H functionalization of a wide range of acyclic nonconjugated dienes is achieved in high yields (up to 93% yield), high enantioselectivities (up to 98:2 er), and with 100% atom efficiency. Exploring the reactivity of substrates with varying pKa values uncovers a reasonable scope of nucleophiles and potential factors controlling the reaction. A set of efficient downstream transformations to enantiopure skeletons showcase the practical value of the methodology. Mechanistic experiments corroborate the PdH-catalyzed asymmetric migratory allylic substitution process. Alkene isomerizations and asymmetric C–H functionalizations have been independently studied, but their combination in one protocol is uncommon. Here the authors show a palladium-catalyzed method to iteratively “walk” a terminal alkene along a carbon chain to a position next to styrenes where a soft nucleophile is added asymmetrically.
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Jiu AY, Slocumb HS, Yeung CS, Yang X, Dong VM. Enantioselective Addition of Pyrazoles to Dienes**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y. Jiu
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Hannah S. Slocumb
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | | | - Xiao‐Hui Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Vy M. Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
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Chang R, Cai S, Yang G, Yan X, Huang H. Asymmetric Aminomethylative Etherification of Conjugated Dienes with Aliphatic Alcohols Facilitated by Hydrogen Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12467-12472. [PMID: 34355892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric construction of allylic C-O bonds with primary or secondary aliphatic alcohols remains a substantial challenge in Pd-catalyzed allylation chemistry. Here, we report the development of an additive-free, palladium-catalyzed asymmetric aminomethylative etherification of conjugated dienes that enables the efficient, asymmetric O-allylation of primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols as well as water. Mechanism studies revealed that the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the alcohol and the in situ introduced aminomethyl moiety is critical to facilitate the nucleophilic addition of the alcohol to the π-allylpalladium species, which opened up the possibility of using aliphatic alcohols and water as nucleophilic substrates. This reaction tolerates a broad range of functional groups and shows remarkable regioselectivities and uniformly high enantioselectivities, which provides a direct and rapid approach to optically pure allylic 1,3-amino ethers and 1,3-amino alcohols from simple starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoule Cai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyang Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
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Jiu AY, Slocumb HS, Yeung CS, Yang XH, Dong VM. Enantioselective Addition of Pyrazoles to Dienes*. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19660-19664. [PMID: 34145705 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report the first enantioselective addition of pyrazoles to 1,3-dienes. Secondary and tertiary allylic pyrazoles can be generated with excellent regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies support a pathway distinct from previous hydroaminations: a Pd0 -catalyzed ligand-to-ligand hydrogen transfer (LLHT). This hydroamination tolerates a range of functional groups and advances the field of diene hydrofunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Y Jiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hannah S Slocumb
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Charles S Yeung
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xiao-Hui Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Vy M Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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Wang H, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Zi W. Synergistic Pd/Amine-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Hydroalkylation of 1,3-Dienes with Aldehydes: Reaction Development, Mechanism, and Stereochemical Origins. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10948-10962. [PMID: 34264662 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-hydride-catalyzed hydroalkylation of 1,3-dienes with enolizable carbonyl compounds is an atom- and step-economical method for preparing chiral molecules with allylic stereocenters. Although high diastereo- and enantioselectivities have been achieved for many coupling partners, aldehydes have not yet been used for this purpose because they are less stable than other carbonyl compounds under basic conditions and they have the potential to rapidly epimerize at the α-position. Moreover, stereodivergent hydroalkylation reactions of 1,3-dienes to access complementary diastereomers with vicinal stereocenters is challenging. Herein, we describe a synergistic palladium/amine catalyst system that allowed us to achieve the first stereodivergent hydroalkylation reactions of 1,3-dienes with aldehydes. By choosing an appropriate combination of chiral palladium and amine catalysts, we could obtain either syn or anti coupling products, and this method therefore provides highly diastereo- and enantioselective access to complementary diastereomers of chiral aldehydes with α,β-vicinal stereocenters. Density functional theory calculations revealed a mechanism involving PdH formation and migratory insertion into the alkene, followed by C-C bond formation. The origin of the stereoselectivities was investigated by means of distortion/interaction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfa Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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