1
|
Hales DP, Rajeshkumar T, Shiau AA, Rao G, Ouellette ET, Bergman RG, Britt RD, Maron L, Arnold J. Panoply of P: An Array of Rhenium-Phosphorus Complexes Generated from a Transition Metal Anion. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11296-11310. [PMID: 38836624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
We expand upon the synthetic utility of anionic rhenium complex Na[(BDI)ReCp] (1, BDI = N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-β-diketiminate) to generate several rhenium-phosphorus complexes. Complex 1 reacts in a metathetical manner with chlorophosphines Ph2PCl, MeNHP-Cl, and OHP-Cl to generate XL-type phosphido complexes 2, 3, and 4, respectively (MeNHP-Cl = 2-chloro-1,3-dimethyl-1,3,2-diazaphospholidine; OHP-Cl = 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane). Crystallographic and computational investigations of phosphido triad 2, 3, and 4 reveal that increasing the electronegativity of the phosphorus substituent (C < N < O) results in a shortening and strengthening of the rhenium-phosphorus bond. Complex 1 reacts with iminophosphane Mes*NPCl (Mes* = 2,4,6-tritert-butylphenyl) to generate linear iminophosphanyl complex 5. In the presence of a suitable halide abstraction reagent, 1 reacts with the dichlorophosphine iPr2NPCl2 to afford cationic phosphinidene complex 6+. Complex 6+ may be reduced by one electron to form 6•, a rare example of a stable, paramagnetic phosphinidene complex. Spectroscopic and structural investigations, as well as computational analyses, are employed to elucidate the influence of the phosphorus substituent on the nature of the rhenium-phosphorus bond in 2 through 6. Furthermore, we examine several common analogies employed to understand metal phosphido, phosphinidene, and iminophosphanyl complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David P Hales
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- LPCNO, INSA Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - Angela A Shiau
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Guodong Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Erik T Ouellette
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert G Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - R David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, INSA Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Flesch S, Domenianni LI, Vöhringer P. Primary processes of the archetypal model complex azido(porphinato)iron(III) from ultrafast vibrational-electronic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:214310. [PMID: 38836452 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Azidoiron complexes serve as valuable photochemical precursors for catalytically active species containing high-valent iron. In bioinorganic chemistry, azido(tetraphenylporphinato)iron(III), i.e., [FeIII(tpp)(N3)] with tpp = 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylporphyrin-21, 23-diido, constitutes the archetypal model system that was used to access for the first time the terminal nitridoiron core, FeV ≡ N, in the biomimetic redox-non-innocent ligand environment. So far, the light-induced dynamics leading to the oxidation of the metal and the release of dinitrogen from the N3-ligand have only been studied for precursors featuring redox-innocent auxiliary ligands that simplify the electronic structure change accompanying the photo-transformation. Here, we monitored the primary events of the above paradigmatic complex, following its optical excitation in the ultraviolet-to-visible spectral range using femtosecond spectroscopy with probing in both the UV-vis and mid-infrared regions. Following ultrafast Soret-excitation at 400 nm, the complex relaxes to the lowest excited sextet state by a first internal conversion in less than 200 fs. The excited state then undergoes vibrational relaxation on a time scale of roughly 2 ps before internally converting yet again to recover the sextet electronic ground state within 19.5 ps. Spectroscopic evidence is obtained neither for a transient occupation of the energetically lowest metal-centered state, 41A1, nor for vibrational relaxation in the ground-state. The primary processes seen here are thus in contrast to those previously derived from ultrafast UV-pump/vis-probe and UV-pump/XANES-probe spectroscopies for the halide congener [FeIII(tpp)(Cl)]. Any photochemical transformation of the complex arises from two-photon-induced dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Flesch
- Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Luis I Domenianni
- Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Vöhringer
- Clausius-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Wegelerstraße 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lian K, Li Y, Yang W, Ye J, Liu H, Wang T, Yang G, Cheng Y, Xu X. Hub genes, a diagnostic model, and immune infiltration based on ferroptosis-linked genes in schizophrenia. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:317-328. [PMID: 38390236 PMCID: PMC10882140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a prevalent and serious mental disorder, and the exact pathophysiology of this condition is not fully understood. In previous studies, it has been proven that ferroprotein levels are high in SCZ. It has also been shown that this inflammatory response may modify fibromodulin. Accumulating evidence indicates a strong link between metabolism and ferroptosis. Therefore, the present study aims to identify ferroptosis-linked hub genes to further investigate the role that ferroptosis plays in the development of SCZ. Material and methods From the GEO database, four microarray data sets on SCZ (GSE53987, GSE38481, GSE18312, and GSE38484) and ferroptosis-linked genes were extracted. Using the prefrontal cortex expression matrix of SCZ patients and healthy individuals as the control group from GSE53987, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to discover SCZ-linked module genes. From the feed, genes associated with ferroptosis were retrieved. The intersection of the module and ferroptosis-linked genes was done to obtain the hub genes. Then, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were conducted. The SCZ diagnostic model was established using logistic regression, and the GSE38481, GSE18312, and GSE38484 data sets were used to validate the model. Finally, hub genes linked to immune infiltration were examined. Results A total of 13 SCZ module genes and 7 hub genes linked to ferroptosis were obtained: DECR1, GJA1, EFN2L2, PSAT1, SLC7A11, SOX2, and YAP1. The GO/KEGG/GSEA study indicated that these hub genes were predominantly enriched in mitochondria and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, immunological inflammation, ferroptosis, Hippo signaling pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase pathway, and other associated biological processes. The diagnostic model created using these hub genes was further confirmed using the data sets of three blood samples from patients with SCZ. The immune infiltration data showed that immune cell dysfunction enhanced ferroptosis and triggered SCZ. Conclusion In this study, seven critical genes that are strongly associated with ferroptosis in patients with SCZ were discovered, a valid clinical diagnostic model was built, and a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of SCZ was identified by the investigation of immune infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Yiliang County
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second People's Hospital of Yuxi, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Sleep Medical Center, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Lincang Psychiatric Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China
| | - Tianlan Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Lincang Psychiatric Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China
| | - Guangya Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Lincang Psychiatric Hospital, Lincang, Yunnan 677000, China
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
- Yunnan Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen H, Chen W, Wang D, Chen Y, Liu Z, Ye S, Tan G, Gao S. An Isolable One-Coordinate Lead(I) Radical with Strong g-Factor Anisotropy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402093. [PMID: 38438306 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Lead-based radicals in the oxidation state of +1 are elusive species and are highly challenging to isolate in the condensed phase. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of the first isolable free plumbylyne radical 2 bearing a one-coordinate Pb(I) atom. It reacts with an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) to afford a two-coordinate NHC-ligated Pb(I) radical 3. 2 and 3 represent the first isolable Pb(I)-based radicals. Theoretical calculations and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed that the unpaired electron mainly resides at the Pb 6p orbital in both radicals. Owing to the unique one-coordinate nature of the Pb atom in 2, it possesses two-fold orbital pseudo-degeneracy and substantial unquenched orbital angular momentum, and exhibits hitherto strongest g-factor anisotropy (gx,y,z=1.496, 1.166, 0.683) amongst main group radicals. Preliminary investigations into the reactivity of 2 unveiled its Pb-centered radical nature, and plumbylenes were isolated as products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongmin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mena A, Luna JR, MacGregor F, Landa EN, Metta-Magaña A, Lee WY, Fortier S. Photoinduced Cleavage of a Strained N-C Bond in an Iron Complex Supported by Super-Bulky Amidinate and Guanidinate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:5351-5364. [PMID: 38481142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The reaction of Fe2(mes)4 with the super-bulky amidines and guanidines HLAr*-R (LAr*-R = [(Ar*N)2C(R)]-, Ar* = 2,6-bis(diphenylmethyl)-4-tert-butylphenyl), R = Me (LAr*-Me), tBu (LAr*-tBu), Ph (LAr*-Ph), NiPr2 (LAr*-iPr2N), and Pip (LAr*-Pip)) gives access to the three-coordinate iron-mesityl complexes (LAr*-R)Fe(mes) only where LAr*-R = LAr*-Me, LAr*-Ph, or LAr*-Pip. Subsequent protonolysis with the N-atom transfer reagent Hdbabh (Hdbabh = 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene) is limited in success, providing in one instance a few crystals of four-coordinate (LAr*-Me)Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh), while three-coordinate (LAr*-Pip)Fe(dbabh) is synthesized reproducibly. Complexes (LAr*-Me)Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) and (LAr*-Pip)Fe(dbabh) are thermally insensitive in solution to temperatures of up to 100 °C. On the other hand, both (LAr*-Me)Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) and (LAr*-Pip)Fe(dbabh) show sensitivity to blue LED light (395 nm), undergoing photochemical transformations. For instance, the photolysis of (LAr*-Me)Fe(dbabh)(Hdbabh) leads to N-C bond scission and C-C bond coupling across the -dbabh moieties to give four-coordinate (LAr*-Me)Fe(N=dbabh-dbabhNH2). Photolyzing pyridine-d5 (py-d5) solutions of (LAr*-Pip)Fe(dbabh) at -5 °C produces a new paramagnetic photoproduct, [P]. Due to the thermal sensitivity of compound [P], it has eluded structural characterization; yet, Evans' method measurements suggest that the iron(II) oxidation state is maintained, thereby pointing to the -dbabh moiety as the locus of chemical change. In line with this assessment, addition of excess Me3SiCl to solutions of [P] produces the iron(II) complex (LAr*-Pip)FeCl(py-d5) as shown by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of the solutions of [P] shows a peak in the chromatogram with a molecular mass corresponding to a formulation of C14H11N that cannot be attributed to Hdbabh. This provides evidence for the photochemical-induced isomerization of the -dbabh ligand, revealing a heretofore unknown photochemical sensitivity of this N atom transfer reagent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asiel Mena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Juan R Luna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Frank MacGregor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Elizabeth Noriega Landa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Alejandro Metta-Magaña
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Wen-Yee Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guo Y, Jiang XL, Wu QY, Liu K, Wang W, Hu KQ, Mei L, Chai ZF, Gibson JK, Yu JP, Li J, Shi WQ. 4f/5d Hybridization Induced Single-Electron Delocalization in an Azide-Bridged Dicerium Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7088-7096. [PMID: 38436238 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Dilanthanide complexes with one-electron delocalization are important targets for understanding the specific 4f/5d-bonding feature in lanthanide chemistry. Here, we report an isolable azide-bridged dicerium complex 3 [{(TrapenTMS)Ce}2(μ-N3)]• [Trapen = tris (2-aminobenzyl)amine; TMS = SiMe3], which is synthesized by the reaction of tripodal ligand-supported (TrapenTMS)CeIVCl complex 2 with NaN3. The structure and bonding nature of 3 are fully characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction analysis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), magnetic measurement, cyclic voltammetry, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and quantum-theoretical studies. Complex 3 presents a trans-bent central Ce-N3-Ce unit with a single electron of two mixed-valent Ce atoms. The unique low-temperature (2 K) anisotropic EPR signals [g = 1.135, 2.003, and 3.034] of 3 indicate that its spin density is distributed on the central Ce-N3-Ce unit with marked electron delocalization. Quantum chemical analyses show strong 4f/5d orbital mixing in the singly occupied molecular orbital of 3, which allows for the unpaired electron to extend throughout the cerium-azide-cerium unit via a multicentered one-electron (Ce-N3-Ce) interaction. This work extends the family of mixed-valent dilanthanide complexes and provides a paradigm for understanding the bonding motif of ligand-bridged dilanthanide complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xue-Lian Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Kong-Qiu Hu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Mei
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - John K Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ji-Pan Yu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Fundamental Science Center of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Biswas S, Chowdhury SN, Lepcha P, Sutradhar S, Das A, Paine TK, Paul S, Biswas AN. Electrochemical generation of high-valent oxo-manganese complexes featuring an anionic N5 ligand and their role in O-O bond formation. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16616-16630. [PMID: 37882084 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02740f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Generation of high-valent oxomanganese complexes through controlled removal of protons and electrons from low-valent congeners is a crucial step toward the synthesis of functional analogues of the native oxygen evolving complex (OEC). In-depth studies of the water oxidation activity of such biomimetic compounds help in understanding the mechanism of O-O bond formation presumably occurring in the last step of the photosynthetic cycle. Scarce reports of reactive high-valent oxomanganese complexes underscore the impetus for the present work, wherein we report the electrochemical generation of the non-heme oxomanganese(IV) species [(dpaq)MnIV(O)]+ (2) through a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process from the hydroxomanganese complex [(dpaq)MnIII(OH)]ClO4 (1). Controlled potential spectroelectrochemical studies of 1 in wet acetonitrile at 1.45 V vs. NHE revealed quantitative formation of 2 within 10 min. The high-valent oxomanganese(IV) transient exhibited remarkable stability and could be reverted to the starting complex (1) by switching the potential to 0.25 V vs. NHE. The formation of 2via PCET oxidation of 1 demonstrates an alternate pathway for the generation of the oxomanganese(IV) transient (2) without the requirement of redox-inactive metal ions or acid additives as proposed earlier. Theoretical studies predict that one-electron oxidation of [(dpaq)MnIV(O)]+ (2) forms a manganese(V)-oxo (3) species, which can be oxidized further by one electron to a formal manganese(VI)-oxo transient (4). Theoretical analyses suggest that the first oxidation event (2 to 3) takes place at the metal-based d-orbital, whereas, in the second oxidation process (3 to 4), the electron eliminates from an orbital composed of equitable contribution from the metal and the ligand, leaving a single electron in the quinoline-dominant orbital in the doublet ground spin state of the manganese(VI)-oxo species (4). This mixed metal-ligand (quinoline)-based oxidation is proposed to generate a formal Mn(VI) species (4), a non-heme analogue of the species 'compound I', formed in the catalytic cycle of cytochrome P-450. We propose that the highly electrophilic species 4 catches water during cyclic voltammetry experiments and results in O-O bond formation leading to electrocatalytic oxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachidulal Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Srijan Narayan Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Panjo Lepcha
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, Sikkim 737139, India.
| | - Subhankar Sutradhar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Das
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapan Kanti Paine
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Satadal Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Bangabasi Morning College, 19, Rajkumar Chakraborty Sarani, Kolkata-700009, India
| | - Achintesh N Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Ravangla, Sikkim 737139, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhao L, Cheng X, Wang Z, Zhang E, Liu Z, Zhou H, He L, Guan Q. Generating high-valent iron-oxo ≡Fe IV=O complexes by calcium sulfite activation in neutral microenvironments for enhanced degradation of CIP. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122449. [PMID: 37633439 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Although alkaline sulfite activation of ferrate (Fe(VI)) has advantages of fast response and high activity for degradation of organic contaminants, the specific production pathways of active species and the pH conditions still hinder its widespread application. Based on this, our study constructed a novel advanced oxidation process of calcium sulfite (CaSO3) could activated Fe(VI) continuously by Ca2+ buffering and investigated the mechanism under different pH values and CaSO3 dosages with ciprofloxacin as a target organic pollutant. The results showed that Ca2+ stabilized the process at a neutral/weakly alkaline microenvironment of pH 7-8, which could alleviate the hydrolysis of ≡FeIV=O by protons and iron hydroxyl groups. Besides, the removal of pollutants occurred efficiently when sulfate (SO32-) was excessive and had a 3:1 ratio of SO32- to Fe(VI), achieving more than 99% removal of electron-rich phenolic organic pollutants within 2 min. By adding different radical scavengers and combining electrochemical analysis methods and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques to revealed that the main active species in Fe(VI)/CaSO3 process were ≡FeIV=O/≡FeV=O. Furthermore, the reactivity of various sulfate species (such as SO32-, SO3•-, SO4•-, SO5•-) with Fe(VI) was calculated using density functional theory (DFT), and it was found that Fe(VI)-SO32- reaction has a much lower energy barrier (-36.08 kcal/mol), indicating that SO32- can readily activate Fe(VI) and generate ≡FeIV=O to attack the atoms with high Fukui index (f -) in organic pollutants. The above results confirm the feasibility of Fe(VI)/CaSO3 process. Thus, this study can theoretically and practically prove that the main active species is ≡FeIV=O, rather than SO4•- or •OH in Fe(VI)/CaSO3 process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Zhao
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyue Cheng
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaoxian Wang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Enzhe Zhang
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Zilian Liu
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Huajing Zhou
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
| | - Liang He
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Qingqing Guan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mei T, Zhang P, Song Z, Wang B, Qu J, Ye S, Yang D. Unusual Hydrogenation Reactivities of a Thiolate-Bridged Dicobalt μ-Nitride Featuring a Bent {Co III-N-Co III} Core. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20578-20587. [PMID: 37674257 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal nitrides have received considerable attention owing to their crucial roles in nitrogen fixation and nitrogen atom transfer reactions. Compared to the early and middle transition metals, it is much more challenging to access late transition metal nitrides, especially cobalt in group 9. So far, only a handful of cobalt nitrides have been reported; consequently, their hydrogenation reactivity is largely unexplored. Herein, we present a structurally and spectroscopically well-characterized thiolate-bridged dicobalt μ-nitride [Cp*CoIII(μ-SAd)(μ-N)CoIIICp*] (2) featuring a bent {CoIII(μ-N)CoIII} core. Remarkably, complex 2 can realize not only direct hydrogenation of nitride to amide but also stepwise N-H bond formation from nitride to ammonia. Specifically, 2 can facilely activate dihydrogen (H2) at mild conditions to generate a dicobalt μ-amide [Cp*CoII(μ-SAd)(μ-NH2)CoIICp*] (4) via an unusual mechanism of two-electron oxidation of H2 as proposed by computational studies; in the presence of protons (H+) and electrons, nitride 2 can convert to dicobalt μ-imide [Cp*CoIII(μ-SAd)(μ-NH)CoIIICp*][BPh4] (3[BPh4]) and to CoIICoII μ-amide 4, and finally release ammonia. In contrast to 2, the only other structurally characterized dicobalt μ-nitride Na(THF)4{[(ketguan)CoIII(N3)]2(μ-N)} (ketguan = [(tBu2CN)C(NDipp)2]-, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) (e) that possesses a linear {CoIII(μ-N)CoIII} moiety cannot directly react with H2 or H+. Further in-depth electronic structure analyses shed light on how the varying geometries of the {CoIII(μ-N)CoIII} moieties in 2 and e, bent vs linear, impart their disparate reactivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zihe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Baomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontier Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ghosh S, Bhardwaj A, Mondal B. Revisiting the electronic structure of N 2-bound cAAC-borylene at the CASSCF level: a detailed bonding picture of borylene-N 2 interaction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12517-12525. [PMID: 37606083 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01155k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
A base-trapped borylene species featuring a cyclic-(alkyl)(amino)carbene (cAAC) has shown unique bonding interactions with dinitrogen, thereby, opening a new avenue for N2 activation by main-group compounds. The detailed electronic structure and qualitative bonding picture between cAAC-trapped borylene and N2 remain to be fully understood. This work presents a multiconfigurational complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF)-based electronic structure investigation on the N2-bound cAAC-borylene species (1) isolated by Braunschweig et al. Specifically, the synergistic bonding between the borylene units and N2 involving the donation from the N-N σ to the unoccupied orbital of borylene and back-donation from the occupied orbital of borylene to the N-N π* has been unequivocally established using CASSCF-derived natural orbitals and electronic configuration. Bonding interactions between the HOMO of the borylene units and the N-N π* (HOMOcAAC-B + π*NN) and the LUMO of the borylene units and the N-N σ (LUMOcAAC-B + σNN) in 1 were apparent through the CASSCF-derived natural orbitals. The unique bonding of the B-N-N-B core in 1 and the resulting geometry have also been compared with the M-N-N-M core of a prototypical transition metal(M)-N2 complex. Finally, the change in the electronic structure and geometry of the N2-bound borylene species 1 on two-electron reduction has been investigated in the context of N2 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susovon Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India.
| | - Akhil Bhardwaj
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India.
| | - Bhaskar Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei XZ, Ding TY, Wang Y, Yang B, Yang QQ, Ye S, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Tracking an Fe V (O) Intermediate for Water Oxidation in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308192. [PMID: 37431961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
High-valent iron-oxo species are appealing for conducting O-O bond formation for water oxidation reactions. However, their high reactivity poses a great challenge to the dissection of their chemical transformations. Herein, we introduce an electron-rich and oxidation-resistant ligand, 2-[(2,2'-bipyridin)-6-yl]propan-2-ol to stabilize such fleeting intermediates. Advanced spectroscopies and electrochemical studies demonstrate a high-valent FeV (O) species formation in water. Combining kinetic and oxygen isotope labelling experiments and organic reactions indicates that the FeV (O) species is responsible for O-O bond formation via water nucleophilic attack under the real catalytic water oxidation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang D, Chen W, Zhai C, Zhao L, Ye S, Tan G. Monosubstituted Doublet Sn(I) Radical Featuring Substantial Unquenched Orbital Angular Momentum. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6914-6920. [PMID: 36926867 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic high reactivity, isolation of heavier analogues of carbynes remains a great challenge. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a neutral monosubstituted Sn(I) radical (2) supported by a sterically hindered hydrindacene ligand, which represents the first tin analogue of a free carbyne. Different from all Sn(I/III) species reported thus far, the presence of a sole Sn-C σ bond in 2 renders the remaining two Sn 5p orbitals energetically almost degenerate, of which one is singly occupied and the other is empty. Consequently, its S = 1/2 ground state possesses two-fold orbital pseudo-degeneracy and substantial unquenched orbital angular momentum, as evidenced by one component of its g matrix (1.957, 1.896, and 1.578) being considerably less than 2. Consistent with this unique electronic structure, 2 can bind to an N-heterocyclic carbene to afford a neutral two-coordinate Sn(I) radical and initiate a one-electron transfer to benzophenone to furnish a Sn(II)-ketyl radical anion adduct. As a manifestation of its Sn-centered radical nature, 2 reacts with diphenyl diselenide and p-benzoquinone to form Sn-S and Sn-O bonds, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Wang
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cai Zhai
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Gengwen Tan
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xiong J, Liu Q, Lavina B, Hu MY, Zhao J, Alp EE, Deng L, Ye S, Guo Y. Spin polarization assisted facile C-H activation by an S = 1 iron(iv)-bisimido complex: a comprehensive spectroscopic and theoretical investigation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2808-2820. [PMID: 36937578 PMCID: PMC10016330 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
High valent iron terminal imido species (Fe[double bond, length as m-dash]NR) have been shown to be key reactive intermediates in C-H functionalization. However, the detailed structure-reactivity relationship in Fe[double bond, length as m-dash]NR species derived from studies of structurally well-characterized high-valent Fe[double bond, length as m-dash]NR complexes are still scarce, and the impact of imido N-substituents (electron-donating vs. electron-withdrawing) on their electronic structures and reactivities has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we report spectroscopic and computational studies on a rare S = 1 iron(iv)-bisimido complex featuring trifluoromethyl groups on the imido N-substituents, [(IPr)Fe(NC(CF3)2Ph)2] (2), and two closely related S = 0 congeners bearing alkyl and aryl substituents, [(IPr)Fe(NC(CMe3)2Ph)2] (3) and [(IPr)Fe(NDipp)2] (1), respectively. Compared with 1 and 3, 2 exhibits a decreased Fe[double bond, length as m-dash]NR bond covalency due to the electron-withdrawing and the steric effect of the N-substituents, which further leads to a pseudo doubly degenerate ground electronic structure and spin polarization induced β spin density on the imido nitrogens. This unique electronic structure, which differs from those of the well-studied Fe(iv)-oxido complexes and many previously reported Fe(iv)-imido complexes, provides both kinetic and thermodynamic advantages for facile C-H activation, compared to the S = 0 counterparts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Barbara Lavina
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Michael Y Hu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Esen E Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Yisong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hakey BM, Leary DC, Martinez JC, Darmon JM, Akhmedov NG, Petersen JL, Milsmann C. Carbene Transfer from a Pyridine Dipyrrolide Iron–Carbene Complex: Reversible Migration of a Diphenylcarbene Ligand into an Iron–Nitrogen Bond. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Hakey
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Dylan C. Leary
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jordan C. Martinez
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Darmon
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Novruz G. Akhmedov
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Carsten Milsmann
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Y, Chen JY, Miao Q, Yu X, Feng L, Liao RZ, Ye S, Tung CH, Wang W. A Parent Iron Amido Complex in Catalysis of Ammonia Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4365-4375. [PMID: 35234468 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parent amido complexes are crucial intermediates in ammonia-based transformations. We report a well-defined ferric ammine system [Cp*Fe(1,2-Ph2PC6H4NH)(NH3)]+ ([1-NH3]+), which processes electrocatalytic ammonia oxidation to N2 and H2 at a mild potential. Through establishing elementary e-/H+ conversions with the ferric ammine, a formal Fe(IV)-amido species, [1-NH2]+, together with its conjugated Lewis acid, [1-NH3]2+, was isolated and structurally characterized for the first time. Mechanism studies indicated that further oxidation of [1-NH2]+ induces the reaction of the parent amido unit with NH3. The formation of hydrazine is realized by the non-innocent nature of the phenylamido ligand that facilitates the concerted transfer of one proton and two electrons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiyi Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chatterjee S, Harden I, Bistoni G, Castillo RG, Chabbra S, van Gastel M, Schnegg A, Bill E, Birrell JA, Morandi B, Neese F, DeBeer S. A Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Study on the Mechanism of Iron-Catalyzed Aminofunctionalization of Olefins Using Hydroxylamine Derived N-O Reagent as the "Amino" Source and "Oxidant". J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2637-2656. [PMID: 35119853 PMCID: PMC8855425 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Herein, we study
the mechanism of iron-catalyzed direct synthesis
of unprotected aminoethers from olefins by a hydroxyl amine derived
reagent using a wide range of analytical and spectroscopic techniques
(Mössbauer, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Ultra-Violet Visible
Spectroscopy, X-ray Absorption, Nuclear Resonance Vibrational Spectroscopy,
and resonance Raman) along with high-level quantum chemical calculations.
The hydroxyl amine derived triflic acid salt acts as the “oxidant”
as well as “amino” group donor. It activates the high-spin
Fe(II) (St = 2) catalyst [Fe(acac)2(H2O)2] (1) to generate
a high-spin (St = 5/2) intermediate (Int I), which decays to a second intermediate (Int II) with St = 2. The analysis of spectroscopic
and computational data leads to the formulation of Int I as [Fe(III)(acac)2-N-acyloxy] (an alkyl-peroxo-Fe(III)
analogue). Furthermore, Int II is formed by N–O
bond homolysis. However, it does not generate a high-valent
Fe(IV)(NH) species (a Fe(IV)(O) analogue), but instead a high-spin
Fe(III) center which is strongly antiferromagnetically coupled (J = −524 cm–1) to an iminyl radical,
[Fe(III)(acac)2-NH·], giving St = 2. Though Fe(NH) complexes as isoelectronic surrogates
to Fe(O) functionalities are known, detection of a high-spin Fe(III)-N-acyloxy intermediate (Int I), which undergoes
N–O bond cleavage to generate the active iron–nitrogen
intermediate (Int II), is unprecedented. Relative to
Fe(IV)(O) centers, Int II features a weak elongated Fe–N
bond which, together with the unpaired electron density along the
Fe–N bond vector, helps to rationalize its propensity for N-transfer reactions onto styrenyl olefins, resulting in
the overall formation of aminoethers. This study thus demonstrates
the potential of utilizing the iron-coordinated nitrogen-centered
radicals as powerful reactive intermediates in catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayanti Chatterjee
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ingolf Harden
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rebeca G Castillo
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sonia Chabbra
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - James A Birrell
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Bill Morandi
- ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hakey BM, Leary DC, Xiong J, Harris CF, Darmon JM, Petersen JL, Berry JF, Guo Y, Milsmann C. High Magnetic Anisotropy of a Square-Planar Iron-Carbene Complex. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18575-18588. [PMID: 34431660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among Earth-abundant catalyst systems, iron-carbene intermediates that perform C-C bond forming reactions such as cyclopropanation of olefins and C-H functionalization via carbene insertion are rare. Detailed descriptions of the possible electronic structures for iron-carbene bonds are imperative to obtain better mechanistic insights and enable rational catalyst design. Here, we report the first square-planar iron-carbene complex (MesPDPPh)Fe(CPh2), where [MesPDPPh]2- is the doubly deprotonated form of [2,6-bis(5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine]. The compound was prepared via reaction of the disubstituted diazoalkane N2CPh2 with (MesPDPPh)Fe(thf) and represents a rare example of a structurally characterized, paramagnetic iron-carbene complex. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements and applied-field Mössbauer spectroscopic studies revealed an orbitally near-degenerate S = 1 ground state with large unquenched orbital angular momentum resulting in high magnetic anisotropy. Spin-Hamiltonian analysis indicated that this S = 1 spin system has uniaxial magnetic properties arising from a ground MS = ±1 non-Kramers doublet that is well-separated from the MS = 0 sublevel due to very large axial zero-field splitting (D = -195 cm-1, E/D = 0.02 estimated from magnetic susceptibility data). This remarkable electronic structure gives rise to a very large, positive magnetic hyperfine field of more than +60 T for the 57Fe nucleus along the easy magnetization axis observed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Computational analysis with complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations provides a detailed electronic structure analysis and confirms that (MesPDPPh)Fe(CPh2) exhibits a multiconfigurational ground state. The majority contribution originates from a configuration best described as a singlet carbene coordinated to an intermediate-spin FeII center with a (dxy)2{(dxz),(dz2)}3(dyz)1(dx2-y2)0 configuration featuring near-degenerate dxz and dz2 orbitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Hakey
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Dylan C Leary
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Caleb F Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jonathan M Darmon
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Petersen
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yisong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Carsten Milsmann
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bailey GA, Buss JA, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Terminal, Open-Shell Mo Carbide and Carbyne Complexes: Spin Delocalization and Ligand Noninnocence. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13091-13102. [PMID: 34379389 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Open-shell compounds bearing metal-carbon triple bonds, such as carbides and carbynes, are of significant interest as plausible intermediates in the reductive catenation of C1 oxygenates. Despite the abundance of closed-shell carbynes reported, open-shell variants are very limited, and an open-shell carbide has yet to be reported. Herein, we report the synthesis of the first terminal, open-shell carbide complexes, [K][1] and [1][BArF4] (1 = P2Mo(≡C:)(CO), P2 = a terphenyl diphosphine ligand), which differ by two redox states, as well as a series of related open-shell carbyne complexes. The complexes are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR, EPR, and IR spectroscopies, while the electronic structures are probed by EPR studies and DFT calculations to assess spin delocalization. In the d1 complexes, the spin is primarily localized on the metal (∼55-77% Mo dxy) with delocalization on the triply bonded carbon of ∼0.05-0.09 e-. In the reduced carbide [K][1], a direct metal-arene interaction enables ancillary ligand reduction, resulting in reduced radical character on the terminal carbide (⩽0.02 e-). Reactivity studies with [K][1] reveal the formation of mixed-valent C-C coupled products at -40 °C, illustrating how productive reactivity manifolds can be engendered through the manipulation of redox states. Combined, the results inform on the electronic structure and reactivity of a new and underrepresented class of compounds with potential significance to a wide array of reactions involving open-shell species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A Bailey
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Joshua A Buss
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hakey BM, Leary DC, Rodriguez JG, Martinez JC, Vaughan NB, Darmon JM, Akhmedov NG, Petersen JL, Dolinar BS, Milsmann C. Effects of 2,6‐Dichlorophenyl Substituents on the Coordination Chemistry of Pyridine Dipyrrolide Iron Complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Hakey
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Dylan C. Leary
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Jose G. Rodriguez
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Jordan C. Martinez
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Nicholas B. Vaughan
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | | | - Novruz G. Akhmedov
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Brian S. Dolinar
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| | - Carsten Milsmann
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chilkuri VG, Neese F. Comparison of Many-Particle Representations for Selected Configuration Interaction: II. Numerical Benchmark Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2868-2885. [PMID: 33886300 PMCID: PMC8279407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The present work
is the second part in our three-part series on
the comparison of many-particle representations for the selected configuration
interaction (CI) method. In this work, we present benchmark calculations
based on our selected CI program called the iterative configuration
expansion (ICE) that is inspired by the CIPSI method of Malrieu and
co-workers (MalrieuJ. Chem. Phys.1973, 58, ( (12), ), 5745−5759). We describe the main parameters
that enter in this algorithm and perform benchmark calculations on
a set of 21 small molecules and compare ground state energies with
full configuration interaction (FCI) results (FCI21 test set). The
focus is the comparison of the performance of three different types
of many-particle basis functions (MPBFs): (1) individual Slater determinants
(DETS), (2) individual spin-adapted configuration state functions
(CSFs), and (3) all CSFs of a given total spin that can be generated
from spatial configurations (CFGs). An analysis of the cost of the
calculation in terms of the number of wavefunction parameters and
the energy error is evaluated for the DET-, CFG-, and CSF-based ICE.
The main differences for the three many-particle basis representations
show up in the number of wavefunction parameters and the rate of convergence
toward the FCI limit with the thresholds of the ICE. Next, we analyze
the best way to extrapolate the ICE energies toward the FCI results
as a function of the thresholds. The efficiency of the extrapolation
is investigated relative to the FCI21 test set as well as near FCI
calculations on three moderately sized hydrocarbon molecules CH4, C2H4, and C4H6. Finally, we comment on the size-inconsistency error for the three
many-particle representations and compare it with the error in the
total energy. The implication for selected CI implementations with
any of the three many-particle representations is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Gopal Chilkuri
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Belosludov RV, Nevonen DE, Nemykin VN. Accurate Prediction of the Excited States in the Fully Conjugated Porphyrin Tapes across the Full Spectral Range: A Story of the Interplay between π-π* and Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Transitions in Soft Chromophores. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:2480-2491. [PMID: 33734683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) methods for the accurate prediction of the energies and oscillator strengths of the excited states in a series of fully conjugated meso-meso β-β β-β triple-linked porphyrin oligomers (porphyrin tapes 2-12) was probed in the gas phase and solution using several exchange-correlation functionals. It was demonstrated that the use of the hybrid B3LYP functional provides a good compromise for the accurate prediction of the localized π-π* and intramolecular charge-transfer transitions, thus allowing confident interpretation of the UV-vis-NIR spectra of porphyrin oligomers. The TDDFT-based sum-over-state (SOS) calculations for the porphyrin tape dimer 2 and trimer 3 as well as parent monomer 1 correctly predicted the signs and shapes of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) signals in the low-energy region of the spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodion V Belosludov
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Katahira 2-1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Dustin E Nevonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tarrago M, Römelt C, Nehrkorn J, Schnegg A, Neese F, Bill E, Ye S. Experimental and Theoretical Evidence for an Unusual Almost Triply Degenerate Electronic Ground State of Ferrous Tetraphenylporphyrin. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4966-4985. [PMID: 33739093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron porphyrins exhibit unrivalled catalytic activity for electrochemical CO2-to-CO conversion. Despite intensive experimental and computational studies in the last 4 decades, the exact nature of the prototypical square-planar [FeII(TPP)] complex (1; TPP2- = tetraphenylporphyrinate dianion) remained highly debated. Specifically, its intermediate-spin (S = 1) ground state was contradictorily assigned to either a nondegenerate 3A2g state with a (dxy)2(dz2)2(dxz,yz)2 configuration or a degenerate 3Egθ state with a (dxy)2(dxz,yz)3(dz2)1/(dz2)2(dxy)1(dxz,yz)3 configuration. To address this question, we present herein a comprehensive, spectroscopy-based theoretical and experimental electronic-structure investigation on complex 1. Highly correlated wave-function-based computations predicted that 3A2g and 3Egθ are well-isolated from other triplet states by ca. 4000 cm-1, whereas their splitting ΔA-E is on par with the effective spin-orbit coupling (SOC) constant of iron(II) (≈400 cm-1). Therfore, we invoked an effective Hamiltonian (EH) operating on the nine magnetic sublevels arising from SOC between the 3A2g and 3Egθ states. This approach enabled us to successfully simulate all spectroscopic data of 1 obtained by variable-temperature and variable-field magnetization, applied-field 57Fe Mössbauer, and terahertz electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. Remarkably, the EH contains only three adjustable parameters, namely, the energy gap without SOC, ΔA-E, an angle θ that describes the mixing of (dxy)2(dxz,yz)3(dz2)1 and (dz2)2(dxy)1(dxz,yz)3 configurations, and the ⟨rd-3⟩ expectation value of the iron d orbitals that is necessary to estimate the 57Fe magnetic hyperfine coupling tensor. The EH simulations revealed that the triplet ground state of 1 is genuinely multiconfigurational with substantial parentages of both 3A2g (<88%) and 3Eg (>12%), owing to their accidental near-triple degeneracy with ΔA-E = +950 cm-1. As a consequence of this peculiar electronic structure, 1 exhibits a huge effective magnetic moment (4.2 μB at 300 K), large temperature-independent paramagnetism, a large and positive axial zero-field splitting, strong easy-plane magnetization (g⊥ ≈ 3 and g∥ ≈ 1.7) and a large and positive internal field at the 57Fe nucleus aligned in the xy plane. Further in-depth analyses suggested that g⊥ ≫ g∥ is a general spectroscopic signature of near-triple orbital degeneracy with more than half-filled pseudodegenerate orbital sets. Implications of the unusual electronic structure of 1 for CO2 reduction are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tarrago
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Christina Römelt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Joscha Nehrkorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nemykin VN, Nevonen DE, Ferch LS, Shepit M, Herbert DE, van Lierop J. Accurate Prediction of Mössbauer Hyperfine Parameters in Bis-Axially Coordinated Iron(II) Phthalocyanines Using Density Functional Theory Calculations: A Story of a Single Orbital Revealed by Natural Bond Orbital Analysis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3690-3706. [PMID: 33651595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations coupled with several exchange-correlation functionals were used for the prediction of Mössbauer hyperfine parameters of 36 bis-axially coordinated iron(II) phthalocyanine complexes with the general formulas PcFeL2, PcFeL'L″, and [PcFeX2]2-, including four new compounds. Both gas-phase and PCM calculations using BPW91 and MN12L exchange-correlation functionals were found to accurately predict both Mössbauer quadrupole splittings and the correct trends in experimentally observed isomer shifts. In comparison, hybrid exchange-correlation functionals underestimated quadrupole splittings, while still accurately predicted isomer shifts. Out of ∼40 exchange-correlation functionals tested, only MN12L was found to correctly reproduce quadrupole splitting trends in the PcFeL2 complexes coordinated with phosphorus-donor axial ligands (i.e., P(OnBu)3 ≈ P(OEt)3 < PMe3 < P[(CH2O)2CH2]-p-C6H4NO2 < PEt3 ≈ PnBu3). Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis was successfully used to explain the general trends in the observed quadrupole splitting for all compounds of interest. In particular, the general trends in the quadrupole splitting correlate well with the axial ligand dependent, NBO-predicted population of the 3dz2 orbital of the Fe ion and are reflective of the hypothesis proposed by Ohya and co-workers ( Inorg. Chem., 1984, 23, 1303) on the adaptability of the phthalocyanine's π-system toward Fe-Lax interactions. The first X-ray crystal structure of a PcFeL2 complex with axial phosphine ligands is also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Dustin E Nevonen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Laura S Ferch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Michael Shepit
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - David E Herbert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Johan van Lierop
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang H, Wu L, Zheng B, Du L, To W, Ko C, Phillips DL, Che C. C−H Activation by an Iron‐Nitrido Bis‐Pocket Porphyrin Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Lili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Wai‐Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Cheng‐Hoi Ko
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Chi‐Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation Shenzhen China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang HX, Wu L, Zheng B, Du L, To WP, Ko CH, Phillips DL, Che CM. C-H Activation by an Iron-Nitrido Bis-Pocket Porphyrin Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4796-4803. [PMID: 33205509 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High-valent iron-nitrido species are nitrogen analogues of iron-oxo species which are versatile reagents for C-H oxidation. Nonetheless, C-H activation by iron-nitrido species has been scarcely explored, as this is often hampered by their instability and short lifetime in solutions. Herein, the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactivity of an Fe porphyrin nitrido species (2 c) toward C-H substrates was studied in solutions at room temperature, which was achieved by nanosecond laser flash photolysis (LFP) of its FeIII -azido precursor (1 c) supported by a bulky bis-pocket porphyrin ligand. C-H bonds with bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs) of up to ≈84 kcal mol-1 could be activated, and the second-order rate constants (k2 ) are on the order of 102 -104 s-1 m-1 . The Fe-amido product formed after HAT could further release ammonia upon protonation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lili Du
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng-Hoi Ko
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Keilwerth M, Grunwald L, Mao W, Heinemann FW, Sutter J, Bill E, Meyer K. Ligand Tailoring Toward an Air-Stable Iron(V) Nitrido Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1458-1465. [PMID: 33430587 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A new supporting ligand, tris-[2-(3-mesityl-imidazol-2-ylidene)methyl]amine (TIMMNMes), was developed and utilized to isolate an air-stable iron(V) complex bearing a terminal nitrido ligand, which was synthesized by one-electron oxidation from the iron(IV) precursor. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of both complexes reveal that the metal-centered oxidation is escorted by iron nitride (Fe≡N) bond elongation, which in turn is accompanied by the accommodation of the high-valence iron center closer to the equatorial plane of a trigonal bipyramid. This contrasts with the previous observation of the only other literature-known Fe(IV)≡N/Fe(V)≡N redox pair, namely, [PhB(tBuIm)3FeN]0/+. On the basis of 57Fe Mössbauer, EPR, and UV/vis electronic absorption spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations, we identified the lesser degree of pyramidalization around the iron atom, the Jahn-Teller distortion, and the resulting nature of the SOMO to be the decisive factors at play.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Keilwerth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liam Grunwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Weiqing Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Sutter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karsten Meyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim Y, Kim J, Nguyen LK, Lee YM, Nam W, Kim SH. EPR spectroscopy elucidates the electronic structure of [FeV(O)(TAML)] complexes. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi00522g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The complete hyperfine tensor of 17O of the FeV-oxo moeity was probed by ENDOR spectroscopy. The EPR spectroscopic results reported here provide a conclusive experimental basis for elucidating the electronic structure of the FeV-oxo complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujeong Kim
- Western Seoul Center
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)
- Seoul 03759
- Rep. of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Sunchon National University
- Suncheon 57922
- Rep. of Korea
| | - Linh K. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Rep. of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Rep. of Korea
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Rep. of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Western Seoul Center
- Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)
- Seoul 03759
- Rep. of Korea
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Isolation and electronic structures of derivatized manganocene, ferrocene and cobaltocene anions. Nat Chem 2020; 13:243-248. [PMID: 33318673 PMCID: PMC7610420 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-020-00595-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of ferrocene nearly 70 years ago marked the genesis of metallocene chemistry. Although the ferrocenium cation was discovered soon afterwards, a derivatized ferrocenium dication was only isolated in 2016 and the monoanion of ferrocene has only been observed in low-temperature electrochemical studies. Here we report the isolation of a derivatized ferrocene anion in the solid state as part of an isostructural family of 3d metallocenates, which consist of anionic complexes of a metal centre (manganese, iron or cobalt) sandwiched between two bulky Cpttt ligands (where Cpttt is {1,2,4-C5H2 tBu3}). These thermally and air-sensitive complexes decompose rapidly above -30 °C; however, we were able to characterize all metallocenates by a wide range of physical techniques and ab initio calculations. These data have allowed us to map the electronic structures of this metallocenate family, including an unexpected high-spin S = 3/2 ground state for the 19e- derivatized ferrocene anion.
Collapse
|
29
|
Martinez JL, Lutz SA, Yang H, Xie J, Telser J, Hoffman BM, Carta V, Pink M, Losovyj Y, Smith JM. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of an Fe(VI) bis(imido) complex. Science 2020; 370:356-359. [PMID: 33060362 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd3054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
High-valent iron species are key intermediates in oxidative biological processes, but hexavalent complexes apart from the ferrate ion are exceedingly rare. Here, we report the synthesis and structural and spectroscopic characterization of a stable Fe(VI) complex (3) prepared by facile one-electron oxidation of an Fe(V) bis(imido) (2). Single-crystal x-ray diffraction of 2 and 3 revealed four-coordinate Fe centers with an unusual "seesaw" geometry. 57Fe Mössbauer, x-ray photoelectron, x-ray absorption, and electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopies, supported by electronic structure calculations, support a low-spin (S = 1/2) d3 Fe(V) configuration in 2 and a diamagnetic (S = 0) d2 Fe(VI) configuration in 3 Their shared seesaw geometry is electronically dictated by a balance of Fe-imido σ- and π-bonding interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Sean A Lutz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jiaze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Yaroslav Losovyj
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Jeremy M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Park SV, Fry CG, Bill E, Berry JF. A metastable Ru III azido complex with metallo-Staudinger reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10738-10741. [PMID: 32789338 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04426a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The metastable purple [(Py5Me2)RuIII(N3)]2+ ion reacts with PPh3 at room temperature to form the phosphinimine complex [(Py5Me2)RuII(N(H)PPh3)]2+ and free [H2NPPh3]+ in a combined 23% conversion. Mechanistic studies suggest that this is the first metallo-Staudinger reaction of a late transition metal that bypasses the nitrido mechanism and instead utilizes a Ru-N[double bond, length as m-dash]N[double bond, length as m-dash]N-PPh3 phosphazide intermediate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungho V Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yu C, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Wei J, Ma W, Zhang W, Ye S, Xi Z. Butadienyl Diiron Complexes: Nonplanar Metalla‐Aromatics Involving σ‐Type Orbital Overlap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Wen‐Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu C, Zhong M, Zhang Y, Wei J, Ma W, Zhang WX, Ye S, Xi Z. Butadienyl Diiron Complexes: Nonplanar Metalla-Aromatics Involving σ-Type Orbital Overlap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19048-19053. [PMID: 32686269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new class of nonplanar metalla-aromatics, diiron complexes bridged by a 1,3-butadienyl dianionic ligand, were synthesized in high yields from dilithio reagents and two equivalents of FeBr2 . The complexes consist of two antiferromagnetically coupled high-spin FeII centers, as revealed by magnetometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and DFT calculations. Furthermore, experimental (X-ray structural analysis) and theoretical analyses (NICS, ICSS, AICD, MOs) suggest that the complexes are aromatic. Remarkably, this nonplanar metalla-aromaticity is achieved by an uncommon σ-type overlap between the ligand p and metal d orbitals, in sharp contrast to the intensively studied planar aromatic systems featuring delocalized π-type bonding. Specifically, the σ-type interaction between the two Fe 3dxz orbitals and the butadienyl π orbital results in the formation of a six-electron conjugated system and hence enables the aromatic character.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Junnian Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wangyang Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China.,Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lohrey TD, Rao G, Small DW, Ouellette ET, Bergman RG, Britt RD, Arnold J. Electronic Structures of Rhenium(II) β-Diketiminates Probed by EPR Spectroscopy: Direct Comparison of an Acceptor-Free Complex to Its Dinitrogen, Isocyanide, and Carbon Monoxide Adducts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13805-13813. [PMID: 32786815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of the rhenium(II) complex Re(η5-Cp)(BDI) (1; BDI = N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-β-diketiminate) have revealed that this species reversibly binds N2 in solution: flash frozen toluene solutions of 1 disclose entirely different EPR spectra at 10 K when prepared under N2 versus Ar atmospheres. This observation was additionally verified by the synthesis of stable CO and 2,6-xylylisocyanide (XylNC) adducts of 1, which display EPR features akin to those observed in the putative N2 complex. While we found that 1 displays an extremely large gmax value of 3.99, the binding of an additional ligand leads to substantial decreases in this value, displaying gmax values of ca. 2.4. Following the generation of isotopically enriched 15N2 and 13CO adducts of 1, HYSCORE experiments allowed for the measurement of the corresponding hyperfine couplings associated with spin delocalization onto the electron-accepting ligands in these species, which proved to be small. A cumulative assessment of the EPR data, when combined with insights provided by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, indicated that while the binding of electron acceptors to 1 does lead to decreases in gmax in relative accord with the field strength (i.e., π-acidity) of the variable ligand, the magnitude of these decreases is primarily due to the changes in electronic structure at the Re center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor D Lohrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Guodong Rao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - David W Small
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Erik T Ouellette
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert G Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - R David Britt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kang L, Liu XY, Wang A, Li L, Ren Y, Li X, Pan X, Li Y, Zong X, Liu H, Frenkel AI, Zhang T. Photo–thermo Catalytic Oxidation over a TiO
2
‐WO
3
‐Supported Platinum Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12909-12916. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiao Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yujing Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Xu Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kang L, Liu XY, Wang A, Li L, Ren Y, Li X, Pan X, Li Y, Zong X, Liu H, Frenkel AI, Zhang T. Photo–thermo Catalytic Oxidation over a TiO
2
‐WO
3
‐Supported Platinum Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Kang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiao Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Lin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yujing Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaoli Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
| | - Xu Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Hua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ezhov R, Ravari AK, Pushkar Y. Characterization of the Fe
V
=O Complex in the Pathway of Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13502-13505. [PMID: 32369663 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| | - Alireza Karbakhsh Ravari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ezhov R, Ravari AK, Pushkar Y. Characterization of the Fe
V
=O Complex in the Pathway of Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Ezhov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| | - Alireza Karbakhsh Ravari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| | - Yulia Pushkar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University 525 Northwestern avenue West Lafayette IN 47906 USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Feng YH, Zhang XP, Zhao ZQ, Guo XD. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Aided Design of Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1778-1799. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hao Feng
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao Peng Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ze Qiang Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lu X, Li XX, Lee YM, Jang Y, Seo MS, Hong S, Cho KB, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. Electron-Transfer and Redox Reactivity of High-Valent Iron Imido and Oxo Complexes with the Formal Oxidation States of Five and Six. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3891-3904. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yong-Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yuri Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Mi Sook Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Seungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Korea
| | - Kyung-Bin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
| | - Wonwoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mondal B, Ye S. Hidden ligand noninnocence: A combined spectroscopic and computational perspective. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
41
|
Chang HC, Lin YH, Werlé C, Neese F, Lee WZ, Bill E, Ye S. Conversion of a Fleeting Open-Shell Iron Nitride into an Iron Nitrosyl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17589-17593. [PMID: 31532866 PMCID: PMC6899486 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201908689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Terminal metal nitrides have been proposed as key intermediates in a series of pivotal chemical transformations. However, exploring the chemical activity of transient tetragonal iron(V) nitrides is largely impeded by their facile dimerization in fluid solutions. Herein, in situ EPR and Mössbauer investigations are presented of unprecedented oxygenation of a paramagnetic iron(V) nitrido intermediate, [FeVN(cyclam‐ac)]+ (2, cyclam‐ac−=1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane‐1‐acetate anion), yielding an iron nitrosyl complex, [Fe(NO)(cyclam‐ac)]+ (3). Further theoretical studies suggest that during the reaction a closed‐shell singlet O atom is transferred to 2. Consequently, the N−O bond formation does not follow a radical coupling mechanism proposed for the N−N bond formation but is accomplished by three mutual electron‐transfer pathways between 2 and the O atom donor, thanks to the ambiphilic nature of 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ching Chang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Yen-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Ting-chou Rd. Sec. 4, 11677, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Way-Zen Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Ting-chou Rd. Sec. 4, 11677, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd., 807, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chang H, Lin Y, Werlé C, Neese F, Lee W, Bill E, Ye S. Conversion of a Fleeting Open‐Shell Iron Nitride into an Iron Nitrosyl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201908689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao‐Ching Chang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Yen‐Hao Lin
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Ting-chou Rd. Sec. 4 11677 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Christophe Werlé
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Way‐Zen Lee
- Department of ChemistryNational Taiwan Normal University 88, Ting-chou Rd. Sec. 4 11677 Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied ChemistryKaohsiung Medical University 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd. 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion Stiftstrasse 34–36 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Shengfa Ye
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pattanayak S, Cantú Reinhard FG, Rana A, Gupta SS, de Visser SP. The Equatorial Ligand Effect on the Properties and Reactivity of Iron(V) Oxo Intermediates. Chemistry 2019; 25:8092-8104. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Pattanayak
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Fabián G. Cantú Reinhard
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical ScienceThe University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| | - Atanu Rana
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Sciences 2A Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical ScienceThe University of Manchester 131 Princess Street Manchester M1 7DN UK
| |
Collapse
|