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Kanbayashi N, Narukawa M, Onitsuka K. Facile End-Functionalization of Poly(Quinolylene-2,3-Methylene) Using the Terminal Palladium Complex: Thiocarbonylation through Formation of an Acyl Palladium Complex at the Polymer Terminal. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300251. [PMID: 37357765 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The end-functionalization of poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene)s (PQM) via thiocarbonylation is successfully achieved by forming an acyl palladium complex. The terminal palladium complex of the PQMs synthesized by living cyclocopolymerization of o-allenylaryl isocyanide is quantitatively converted to a tractable acyl palladium complex through the carbon monoxide insertion into a palladium-carbon bond. The resulting acyl palladium complex exhibits high reactivity toward thiols, thereby enabling the introduction of various substituents at the ω-chain end of PQM by selectively converting them to thioester groups. The one-pot procedure enables the arbitrary control of both terminal structures of PQMs, including the synthesis of multi-armed block copolymers and a triblock polymer. Additionally, the resulting thioester groups can serve as reactive sites and be converted into amide groups using amines. The new end-functionalization method has the potential to be applied not only to the synthesis of PQM but also to other polymerization reactions using transition-metal complexes, and can lead to a wide range of developments in polymer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Manami Narukawa
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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2
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Gao R, Wu Z. Selective synthesis of helical polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering West Anhui University Lu'an China
| | - Yu‐Qi Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering West Anhui University Lu'an China
| | - Run‐Tan Gao
- School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratoy of Supramolecular Structures and Materials Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Zong‐Quan Wu
- School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratoy of Supramolecular Structures and Materials Jilin University Changchun China
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3
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Huang JQ, Yu M, Yong X, Ho CY. NHC-Ni(II)-catalyzed cyclopropene-isocyanide [5 + 1] benzannulation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4145. [PMID: 35842422 PMCID: PMC9288548 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Isocyanides are common compounds in fine and bulk chemical syntheses. However, the direct addition of isocyanide to simple unactivated cyclopropene via transition metal catalysis is challenging. Most of the current approaches focus on 1,1-insertion of isocyanide to M-R or nucleophilc insertion. That is often complicated by the competitive homo-oligomerization reactivity occurring at room temperature, such as isocyanide 1,1-insertion by Ni(II). Here we show a (N-heterocyclic carbene)Ni(II) catalyst that enables cyclopropene-isocyanide [5 + 1] benzannulation. As shown in the broad substrate scope and a [trans-(N-heterocyclic carbene)Ni(isocyanide)Br2] crystal structure, the desired cross-reactivity is cooperatively controlled by the high reactivity of the cyclopropene, the sterically bulky N-heterocyclic carbene, and the strong coordination ability of the isocyanide. This direct addition strategy offers aromatic amine derivatives and complements the Dötz benzannulation and Semmelhack/Wulff 1,4-hydroquinone synthesis. Several sterically bulky, fused, and multi-substituted anilines and unsymmetric functionalized spiro-ring structures are prepared from those easily accessible starting materials expediently. The direct addition of isocyanides to cyclopropenes is challenging. Here, the authors report a catalytic cyclopropene-isocyanide [5 + 1] benzannulation catalyzed by an (N-heterocyclic carbene)Ni(II) complex; this method enables the preparation of fused and multi-substituted anilines and unsymmetrically functionalized spiro-ring structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Meng Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuefeng Yong
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chun-Yu Ho
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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4
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Kanbayashi N, Yamazaki K, Nishio M, Onitsuka K. Synthesis Methodology of End-Functionalized Poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene)s: Living Cyclocopolymerization Using Aryl Palladium Initiators Conveniently Prepared from Versatile Aryl Halide. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yamazaki
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Miho Nishio
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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5
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Kanbayashi N, Kataoka Y, Okamura TA, Onitsuka K. Stability Enhancement of a π-Stacked Helical Structure Using Substituents of an Amino Acid Side Chain: Helix Formation via a Nucleation-Elongation Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6080-6090. [PMID: 35325538 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Molecular design involving the incorporation of an α-amino acid residue into the side chain or main chain of a polymer is often used to stabilize artificial molecular architectures through intramolecular hydrogen bonding. However, this molecular design strategy rarely considers the importance of interactions between substituents at the α-position of amino acid moieties, as found in nature. Herein, we report the synthesis of a novel series of π-stacked helical poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene) with amino acid derivatives bearing different substituents at the α-position. We found that the thermal stability of π-stacked helical poly(quinolylene-2,3-methylene) is significantly improved by packing the substituents in the empty spaces between the side chains. In particular, when a bulky cyclohexyl alanine derivative was used as the side chain, the π-stacked helical structure maintained its stability even in dimethylsulfoxide, a hydrogen bond competitor. The stabilization of the π-stacked structure by the amino acid substituents resulted in a unique polymerization behavior involving nucleation-elongation steps. In the case of derivatives with leucine and cyclohexyl alanine, which form stable π-stacked helical structures, metastable structures with entangled main chains were formed in the initial polymerization stage. These structures subsequently underwent an irreversible structural change to achieve a thermodynamically stable helical π-stacked conformation as a nucleus for subsequent polymerization. Thereafter, the polymerization reaction proceeded with the elongation of the π-stacked helical structure. Differences in the stability of these systems indicated that the amino acid substituents on the side chains determine the most thermodynamically stable π-stacked helical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Okamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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6
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García-López JA, Oliva-Madrid MJ, Bautista D, Vicente J, Saura-Llamas I. Sequential Insertion of Alkynes, Alkenes, and CO into the Pd–C Bond of ortho-Palladated Primary Phenethylamines: from η 3-Allyl Complexes and Enlarged Palladacycles to Functionalized Arylalkylamines. Organometallics 2021; 40:539-556. [PMID: 35264820 PMCID: PMC8895685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The eight-membered metallacycles
arising from the insertion of
1 equiv of alkyne into the Pd–C bond of ortho-metalated homoveratrylamine and phentermine can further react with
alkenes to give two different types of mononuclear complexes depending
on the nature of the olefin. When terminal alkenes (styrene and ethyl
acrylate) are used, a mixture of the anti/syn η3-allyl Pd(II) complexes are isolated,
which evolve slowly to the syn isomers by heating
the mixtures appropriately. These η3-allyl Pd(II)
complexes do not react with CO or weak bases, but when they are treated
with a strong base, such as KOtBu, they afford Pd(0) and
the functionalized starting phenethylamines containing a 1,3-butadienyl
substituent in an ortho position. When 2-norbornene
was used instead of terminal alkenes, the strained olefin inserts
into the alkenyl Pd(II) complex to afford a 10-membered norbornyl
palladium(II) complex, in which the new C,N-chelate ligand is coordinated to the metal through an
additional double bond, occupying three coordination positions. The
reactivity of these norbornyl complexes depends on the substituents
on the inserted alkenyl fragment, and thus they can further react
with (1) KOtBu, to give Pd(0) and a tetrahydroisoquinoline
nucleus containing a tricyclo[3.2.1]octyl ring, or (2) CO and TlOTf,
to afford Pd(0) and amino acid derivatives or the corresponding lactones
arising from an intramolecular Michael addition of the CO2H group to the α,β-unsaturated ester moiety. Crystal
structures of every type of compound have been determined by X-ray
diffraction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Antonio García-López
- Grupo de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, E−30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María-José Oliva-Madrid
- Grupo de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, E−30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Vicente
- Grupo de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, E−30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Saura-Llamas
- Grupo de Química Organometálica, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, E−30100 Murcia, Spain
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Kang SM, Xu XH, Xu L, Zhou L, Liu N, Wu ZQ. Highly 2,3-selective and fast living polymerization of alkyl-, alkoxy- and phenylallenes using nickel(ii) catalysts. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00482d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel Ni(ii) catalyst was developed to initiate the polymerization of various allene monomers efficiently in a fast and living/controlled manner, and the thermodynamic and crystallization properties of the polymers were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ming Kang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xun-Hui Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China
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Kataoka Y, Kanbayashi N, Fujii N, Okamura T, Haino T, Onitsuka K. Construction of Helically Stacked π‐Electron Systems in Poly(quinolylene‐2,3‐methylene) Stabilized by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Naoka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Taka‐aki Okamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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9
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Kataoka Y, Kanbayashi N, Fujii N, Okamura T, Haino T, Onitsuka K. Construction of Helically Stacked π‐Electron Systems in Poly(quinolylene‐2,3‐methylene) Stabilized by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10286-10291. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Naoya Kanbayashi
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Naoka Fujii
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Taka‐aki Okamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Onitsuka
- Department of Macromolecular Science Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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10
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Pathan SI, Chundawat NS, Chauhan NPS, Singh GP. A review on synthetic approaches of heterocycles via insertion-cyclization reaction. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1712609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Girdhar Pal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles’ University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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