1
|
Lionetti D, Suseno S, Shiau AA, de Ruiter G, Agapie T. Redox Processes Involving Oxygen: The Surprising Influence of Redox-Inactive Lewis Acids. JACS AU 2024; 4:344-368. [PMID: 38425928 PMCID: PMC10900226 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes with heteromultimetallic active sites perform chemical reactions that control several biogeochemical cycles. Transformations catalyzed by such enzymes include dioxygen generation and reduction, dinitrogen reduction, and carbon dioxide reduction-instrumental transformations for progress in the context of artificial photosynthesis and sustainable fertilizer production. While the roles of the respective metals are of interest in all these enzymatic transformations, they share a common factor in the transfer of one or multiple redox equivalents. In light of this feature, it is surprising to find that incorporation of redox-inactive metals into the active site of such an enzyme is critical to its function. To illustrate, the presence of a redox-inactive Ca2+ center is crucial in the Oxygen Evolving Complex, and yet particularly intriguing given that the transformation catalyzed by this cluster is a redox process involving four electrons. Therefore, the effects of redox inactive metals on redox processes-electron transfer, oxygen- and hydrogen-atom transfer, and O-O bond cleavage and formation reactions-mediated by transition metals have been studied extensively. Significant effects of redox inactive metals have been observed on these redox transformations; linear free energy correlations between Lewis acidity and the redox properties of synthetic model complexes are observed for several reactions. In this Perspective, these effects and their relevance to multielectron processes will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandy Suseno
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Angela A. Shiau
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao MY, Tang YF, Han GZ. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Aromatic Azo Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:6741. [PMID: 37764517 PMCID: PMC10538219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatic azo compounds have -N=N- double bonds as well as a larger π electron conjugation system, which endows aromatic azo compounds with wide applications in the fields of functional materials. The properties of aromatic azo compounds are closely related to the substituents on their aromatic rings. However, traditional synthesis methods, such as the coupling of diazo salts, have a significant limitation with respect to the structural design of aromatic azo compounds. Therefore, many scientists have devoted their efforts to developing new synthetic methods. Moreover, recent advances in the synthesis of aromatic azo compounds have led to improvements in the design and preparation of light-response materials at the molecular level. This review summarizes the important synthetic progress of aromatic azo compounds in recent years, with an emphasis on the pioneering contribution of functional nanomaterials to the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guo-Zhi Han
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (M.-Y.Z.); (Y.-F.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shiau AA, Lee HB, Oyala PH, Agapie T. Mn IV4O 4 Model of the S 3 Intermediate of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex: Effect of the Dianionic Disiloxide Ligand. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1791-1796. [PMID: 35829634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic complexes provide useful models to study the interplay between the structure and spectroscopy of the different Sn-state intermediates of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II (PSII). Complexes containing the MnIV4 core corresponding to the S3 state, the last observable intermediate prior to dioxygen formation, remain very rare. Toward the development of synthetic strategies to stabilize highly oxidized tetranuclear complexes, ligands with increased anion charge were pursued. Herein, we report the synthesis, electrochemistry, SQUID magnetometry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of a stable MnIV4O4 cuboidal complex supported by a disiloxide ligand. The substitution of an anionic acetate or amidate ligand with a dianionic disiloxide ligand shifts the reduction potential of the MnIIIMnIV3/MnIV4 redox couple by up to ∼760 mV, improving stability. The S = 3 spin ground state of the siloxide-ligated MnIV4O4 complex matches the acetate and amidate variants, in corroboration with the MnIV4 assignment of the S3 state of the OEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Shiau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Heui Beom Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cooney SE, Fertig AA, Buisch MR, Brennessel WW, Matson EM. Coordination-induced bond weakening of water at the surface of an oxygen-deficient polyoxovanadate cluster. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12726-12737. [PMID: 36519047 PMCID: PMC9645371 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04843d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen-atom (H-atom) transfer at the surface of heterogeneous metal oxides has received significant attention owing to its relevance in energy conversion and storage processes. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of an organofunctionalized polyoxovanadate cluster, (calix)V6O5(OH2)(OMe)8 (calix = 4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene). Through a series of equilibrium studies, we establish the BDFE(O-H)avg of the aquo ligand as 62.4 ± 0.2 kcal mol-1, indicating substantial bond weaking of water upon coordination to the cluster surface. Subsequent kinetic isotope effect studies and Eyring analysis indicate the mechanism by which the hydrogenation of organic substrates occurs proceeds through a concerted proton-electron transfer from the aquo ligand. Atomistic resolution of surface reactivity presents a novel route of hydrogenation reactivity from metal oxide surfaces through H-atom transfer from surface-bound water molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Cooney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA
| | - Alex A Fertig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA
| | | | | | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mitchell BS, Chirila A, Kephart JA, Boggiano AC, Krajewski SM, Rogers D, Kaminsky W, Velian A. Metal-Support Interactions in Molecular Single-Site Cluster Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18459-18469. [PMID: 36170652 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study provides atomistic insights into the interface between a single-site catalyst and a transition metal chalcogenide support and reveals that peak catalytic activity occurs when edge/support redox cooperativity is maximized. A molecular platform MCo6Se8(PEt3)4(L)2 (1-M, M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn) was designed in which the active site (M)/support (Co6Se8) interactions are interrogated by systematically probing the electronic and structural changes that occur as the identity of the metal varies. All 3d transition metal 1-M clusters display remarkable catalytic activity for coupling tosyl azide and tert-butyl isocyanide, with Mn and Co derivatives showing the fastest turnover in the series. Structural, electronic, and magnetic characterization of the clusters was performed using single crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, electronic absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and computational methods. Distinct metal/support redox regimes can be accessed in 1-M based on the energy of the edge metal's frontier orbitals with respect to those of the cluster support. As the degree of electronic interaction between the edge and the support increases, a cooperative regime is reached wherein the support can deliver electrons to the catalytic site, increasing the reactivity of key metal-nitrenoid intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Andrei Chirila
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kephart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Andrew C Boggiano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sebastian M Krajewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dylan Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Alexandra Velian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Skjelstad BB, Helgaker T, Maeda S, Balcells D. Oxyl Character and Methane Hydroxylation Mechanism in Heterometallic M( O)Co 3O 4 Cubanes (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Mo, Tc, Ru, and Rh). ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bjerkem Skjelstad
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Trygve Helgaker
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Recent progress in oxidation chemistry of high-valent ruthenium-oxo and osmium-oxo complexes and related species. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
Kephart JA, Mitchell BS, Kaminsky W, Velian A. Multi-active Site Dynamics on a Molecular Cr/Co/Se Cluster Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9206-9211. [PMID: 35593888 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study uncovers the interconnected reactivity of the three catalytically active sites of an atomically precise nanocluster Cr3(py)3Co6Se8L6 (1(py)3, L = Ph2PNTol-, Ph = phenyl, Tol = 4-tolyl). Catalytic and stoichiometric studies into tosyl azide activation and carbodiimide formation enabled the isolation and crystallographic characterization of key catalytically competent metal-imido intermediates, including the tris(imido) cluster 1(NTs)3, the catalytic resting state 1(NTs)3(CNtBu)3, and the site-differentiated mono(imido) cluster 1(NTs)(CNtBu)2. In the stoichiometric regime, nitrene transfer proceeds via a stepwise mechanism, with the three active sites engaging sequentially to produce carbodiimide. Moreover, the chemical state of neighboring active sites was found to regulate the affinity for substrates of an individual Cr-imido edge site, as revealed by comparative structural analysis and CNtBu binding studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Kephart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Benjamin S Mitchell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Werner Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Alexandra Velian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fu Y, Wang K, Shen G, Zhu X. Quantitative Comparison of the Actual Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin C, Vitamin E and NADH. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Hua Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology Anyang Henan China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology Anyang Henan China
| | - Guang‐Bin Shen
- School of Medical Engineering Jining Medical University Jining Shandong P.R.China
| | - Xiao‐Qing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, College ofChemistry Nankai University Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schreiber E, Fertig AA, Brennessel WW, Matson EM. Oxygen-Atom Defect Formation in Polyoxovanadate Clusters via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5029-5041. [PMID: 35275632 PMCID: PMC8949770 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The uptake of hydrogen
atoms (H-atoms) into reducible metal oxides
has implications in catalysis and energy storage. However, outside
of computational modeling, it is difficult to obtain insight into
the physicochemical factors that govern H-atom uptake at the atomic
level. Here, we describe oxygen-atom vacancy formation in a series
of hexavanadate assemblies via proton-coupled electron transfer, presenting
a novel pathway for the formation of defect sites at the surface of
redox-active metal oxides. Kinetic investigations reveal that H-atom
transfer to the metal oxide surface occurs through concerted proton–electron
transfer, resulting in the formation of a transient VIII–OH2 moiety that, upon displacement of the water
ligand with an acetonitrile molecule, forms the oxygen-deficient polyoxovanadate-alkoxide
cluster. Oxidation state distribution of the cluster core dictates
the affinity of surface oxido ligands for H-atoms, mirroring the behavior
of reducible metal oxide nanocrystals. Ultimately, atomistic insights
from this work provide new design criteria for predictive proton-coupled
electron-transfer reactivity of terminal M=O moieties at the
surface of nanoscopic metal oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Alex A Fertig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Amtawong J, Nguyen AI, Tilley TD. Mechanistic Aspects of Cobalt–Oxo Cubane Clusters in Oxidation Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1475-1492. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaruwan Amtawong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andy I. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moreau LM, Lapsheva E, Amaro-Estrada JI, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Manor BC, Qiao Y, Yang Q, Lukens WW, Sokaras D, Schelter EJ, Maron L, Booth CH. Electronic structure studies reveal 4f/5d mixing and its effect on bonding characteristics in Ce-imido and -oxo complexes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1759-1773. [PMID: 35282640 PMCID: PMC8827158 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06623d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents the role of 5d orbitals in the bonding, and electronic and magnetic structure of Ce imido and oxo complexes synthesized with a tris(hydroxylaminato) [((2-tBuNO)C6H4CH2)3N]3− (TriNOx3−) ligand framework, including the reported synthesis and characterization of two new alkali metal-capped Ce oxo species. X-ray spectroscopy measurements reveal that the imido and oxo materials exhibit an intermediate valent ground state of the Ce, displaying hallmark features in the Ce LIII absorption of partial f-orbital occupancy that are relatively constant for all measured compounds. These spectra feature a double peak consistent with other formal Ce(iv) compounds. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal enhanced levels of temperature-independent paramagnetism (TIP). In contrast to systems with direct bonding to an aromatic ligand, no clear correlation between the level of TIP and f-orbital occupancy is observed. CASSCF calculations defy a conventional van Vleck explanation of the TIP, indicating a single-reference ground state with no low-lying triplet excited state, despite accurately predicting the measured values of f-orbital occupancy. The calculations do, however, predict strong 4f/5d hybridization. In fact, within these complexes, despite having similar f-orbital occupancies and therefore levels of 4f/5d hybridization, the d-state distributions vary depending on the bonding motif (Ce
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
O vs. CeN) of the complex, and can also be fine-tuned based on varying alkali metal cation capping species. This system therefore provides a platform for understanding the characteristic nature of Ce multiple bonds and potential impact that the associated d-state distribution may have on resulting reactivity. Ce(iv) complexes with multiple bonds display similar f0 fractions, but different f/d hybridization, 5d-orbital energies, and TIP levels.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liane M. Moreau
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ekaterina Lapsheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Michael R. Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Qiaomu Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wayne W. Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, UMR 5215, CNRS, INSA, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
DeLucia AA, Kelly KA, Herrera KA, Gray DL, Olshansky L. Intramolecular Hydrogen-Bond Interactions Tune Reactivity in Biomimetic Bis(μ-hydroxo)dicobalt Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:15599-15609. [PMID: 34606250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Active site hydrogen-bond (H-bond) networks represent a key component by which metalloenzymes control the formation and deployment of high-valent transition metal-oxo intermediates. We report a series of dinuclear cobalt complexes that serve as structural models for the nonheme diiron enzyme family and feature a Co2(μ-OH)2 diamond core stabilized by intramolecular H-bond interactions. We define the conditions required for the kinetically controlled synthesis of these complexes: [Co2(μ-OH)2(μ-OAc)(κ1-OAc)2(pyR)4][PF6] (1R), where OAc = acetate and pyR = pyridine with para-substituent R, and we describe a homologous series of 1R in which the para-R substituent on pyridine is modulated. The solid state X-ray diffraction (XRD) structures of 1R are similar across the series, but in solution, their 1H NMR spectra reveal a linear free energy relationship (LFER) where, as R becomes increasingly electron-withdrawing, the intramolecular H-bond interaction between bridging μ-OH and κ1-acetate ligands results in increasingly "oxo-like" μ-OH bridges. Deprotonation of the bridging μ-OH results in the quantitative conversion to corresponding cubane complexes: [Co4(μ-O)4(μ3-OAc)4(pyR)4] (2R), which represent the thermodynamic sink of self-assembly. These reactions are unusually slow for rate-limiting deprotonation events, but rapid-mixing experiments reveal a 6000-fold rate acceleration on going from R = OMe to R = CN. These results suggest that we can tune reactivity by modulating the μ-OH pKa in the presence of intramolecular H-bond interactions to maintain stability as the octahedral d6 centers become increasingly acidic. Nature may similarly employ dynamic carboxylate-mediated H-bond interactions to control the reactivity of acidic transition metal-oxo intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A DeLucia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kimberly A Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kevin A Herrera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Danielle L Gray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lisa Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave. Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Amtawong J, Skjelstad BB, Handford RC, Suslick BA, Balcells D, Tilley TD. C-H Activation by RuCo 3O 4 Oxo Cubanes: Effects of Oxyl Radical Character and Metal-Metal Cooperativity. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12108-12119. [PMID: 34318666 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
High-valent multimetallic-oxo/oxyl species have been implicated as intermediates in oxidative catalysis involving proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions, but the reactive nature of these oxo species has hindered the development of an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms and multimetallic character. The mechanism of C-H oxidation by previously reported RuCo3O4 cubane complexes bearing a terminal RuV-oxo ligand, with significant oxyl radical character, was investigated. The rate-determining step involves H atom abstraction (HAA) from an organic substrate to generate a Ru-OH species and a carbon-centered radical. Radical intermediates are subsequently trapped by another equivalent of the terminal oxo to afford isolable radical-trapped cubane complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) reveals a barrierless radical combination step that is more favorable than an oxygen-rebound mechanism by 12.3 kcal mol-1. This HAA reactivity to generate organic products is influenced by steric congestion and the C-H bond dissociation energy of the substrate. Tuning the electronic properties of the cubane (i.e., spin density localized on terminal oxo, basicity, and redox potential) by varying the donor ability of ligands at the Co sites modulates C-H activations by the RuV-oxo fragment and enables construction of structure-activity relationships. These results reveal a mechanistic pathway for C-H activation by high-valent metal-oxo species with oxyl radical character and provide insights into cooperative effects of multimetallic centers in tuning PCET reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaruwan Amtawong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bastian Bjerkem Skjelstad
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rex C Handford
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States
| | - Benjamin A Suslick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - T Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Oda A, Kumagai J, Ohkubo T, Kuroda Y. A low-temperature oxyl transfer to carbon monoxide from the Zn II–oxyl site in a zeolite catalyst. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01112f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrated that the ZnII–oxyl bond specifically formed by the zeolite lattice ligation has the capability of transferring the oxyl to CO even at 150 K with the generation of a single ZnI˙ species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oda
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Saitama 332-0012
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jun Kumagai
- Institute of Materials and System for Sustainability
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Takahiro Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Yasushige Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oda A, Tanaka T, Sawabe K, Satsuma A. How to Constrain Metal-Oxyl Bonds on a Solid Surface? Lesson from Isovalent Zn(II)-Oxyl and Ga(III)-Oxyl Bonds Isolated in Zeolite Matrix. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9426-9431. [PMID: 33107740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of the atomic O radical anion bound to a metal ion (metal-oxyl) on solid surfaces is highly desirable for an understanding of how we should design the surface structure for using oxyl as the reactive site. Owing to the analytical difficulty of oxyl, however, even identification of oxyl remains scarce. Herein, we report isovalent ZnII-oxyl and GaIII-oxyl bonds isolated in the zeolite matrix. Close similarities in reactivity, spectroscopic property, and bonding nature were observed between them, but their site requirements were entirely different; the former is generated at the monovalent ion-exchangeable site, whereas the latter at the divalent ion-exchangeable site. This study strongly suggests that tuning the polarization of the metal-oxygen bond using the charge-controlled lattice oxygens is a useful way to constrain surface metal-oxyl bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oda
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Tanaka
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Sawabe
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satsuma
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
High-valent oxocobalt(IV) species have been invoked as key intermediates in oxidative catalysis, but investigations into the chemistry of proton-coupled redox reactions of such species have been limited. Herein, the reactivity of an established water oxidation catalyst, [Co4O4(OAc)4(py)4][PF6], toward H-atom abstraction reactions is described. Mechanistic analyses and density functional theory (DFT) calculations support a concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) pathway in which the high energy intermediates formed in stepwise pathways are bypassed. Natural bond orbital (NBO) calculations point to cooperative donor-acceptor σ interactions at the transition state, whereby the H-atom of the substrate is transferred to an orbital delocalized over a Co3(μ3-O) fragment. The mechanistic insights provide design principles for the development of catalytic C-H activation processes mediated by a multimetallic oxo metal cluster.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lohrey TD, Cortes EA, Fostvedt JI, Oanta AK, Jain A, Bergman RG, Arnold J. Diverse Reactivity of a Rhenium(V) Oxo Imido Complex: [2 + 2] Cycloadditions, Chalcogen Metathesis, Oxygen Atom Transfer, and Protic and Hydridic 1,2-Additions. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11096-11107. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor D. Lohrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Emmanuel A. Cortes
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jade I. Fostvedt
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexander K. Oanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anukta Jain
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Robert G. Bergman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fan K, Xu F, Kurmoo M, Huang XD, Liao CH, Bao SS, Xue F, Zheng LM. Metal–Metalloligand Coordination Polymer Embedding Triangular Cobalt–Oxo Clusters: Solvent- and Temperature-Induced Crystal to Crystal Transformations and Associated Magnetism. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8935-8945. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mohamedally Kurmoo
- Institut de Chimie, Université de Strasbourg CNRS-UMR7177, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg Cedex 67007, France
| | - Xin-Da Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chwen-Haw Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song-Song Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xue
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|