1
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Nonn M, Fustero S, Kiss L. Application of 2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]Hept-5-En-3-One (Vince Lactam) in Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400070. [PMID: 39008895 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
2-Azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one (Vince lactam) is known to be a valuable building block in synthetic organic chemistry and drug research. It is an important precursor to access of some blockbuster antiviral drugs such as Carbovir or Abacavir as well as other carbocyclic neuraminidase inhibitors as antiviral agents. The ring C=C bond of the Vince lactam allows versatile chemical manipulations to create not only functionalized γ-lactams, but also γ-amino acid derivatives with a cyclopentane framework. The aim of the current account is to summarize the chemistry of Vince lactam, its synthetic utility and application in organic and medicinal chemistry over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Nonn
- MTA TTK Lendület Artificial Transporter Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, HUN-REN Research Center for Natural Sciences, H-1117, Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Hungary
| | - Santos Fustero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Pharmacy Faculty, València, 46100-Burjassot Valencia, Spain
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Stereochemistry Research Group, HUN-REN Research Center for Natural Sciences, H-1117, Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, Hungary
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2
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Lee S, Kwon H, Jee EK, Kim J, Lee KJ, Kim J, Ko N, Lee E, Lim HS. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Macrocyclic α-ABpeptoids and Their DNA-Encoded Library. Org Lett 2024; 26:1100-1104. [PMID: 38295374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The first synthesis of macrocyclic α-ABpeptoids with varying lengths is described. X-ray crystal structures reveal that cyclic trimer displays a chair-like conformation with a cct amide sequence and cyclic tetramer has a saddle-like structure with an uncommon cccc amide arrangement. The creation of a DNA-encoded combinatorial library of macrocyclic α-ABpeptoids is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Jee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jaelim Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kang Ju Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Nakeun Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Suk Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Camel Biosciences, Pohang 37673, South Korea
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3
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Anshulata, Vishnoi P, Kanta Sarma B. Conformational Studies of β-Azapeptoid Foldamers: A New Class of Peptidomimetics with Confined Dihedrals. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303330. [PMID: 37948294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlling amide bond geometries and the secondary structures of β-peptoids is a challenging task as they contain several rotatable single bonds in their backbone. Herein, we describe the synthesis and conformational properties of novel "β-azapeptoids" with confined dihedrals. We discuss how the acylhydrazide sidechains in these molecules enforce trans amide geometries (ω ~180°) via steric and stereoelectronic effects. We also show that the Θ(Cα -Cβ ) and Ψ(OC-Cα ) backbone torsions of β-azapeptoids occupy a narrow range (170-180°) that can be rationalized by the staggered conformational preference of the backbone methylene carbons and a novel backbone nO →σ*Cβ-N interaction discovered in this study. However, the ϕ (Cβ -N) torsion remains freely rotatable and, depending on ϕ, the sidechains can be parallel, perpendicular, and anti-parallel relative to each other. In fact, we observed parallel and perpendicular relative orientations of sidechains in the crystal geometries of β-azapeptoid dimers. We show that ϕ of β-azapeptoids can be controlled by incorporating a bulky substituent at the backbone β-carbon, which could provide complete control over all the backbone dihedrals. Finally, we show that the ϕ and Ψ dihedrals of β-azapeptoids resemble that of a PPII helix and they retain PPII structure when incorporated in Host-guest proline peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshulata
- New Chemistry Unit (NCU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, KA-560064, India
| | - Pratap Vishnoi
- New Chemistry Unit (NCU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, KA-560064, India
| | - Bani Kanta Sarma
- New Chemistry Unit (NCU), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bengaluru, KA-560064, India
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4
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Harris BS, Bejagam KK, Baer MD. Development of a Systematic and Extensible Force Field for Peptoids (STEPs). J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6573-6584. [PMID: 37462325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Peptoids (N-substituted glycines) are a class of biomimetic polymers that have attracted significant attention due to their accessible synthesis and enzymatic and thermal stability relative to their naturally occurring counterparts (polypeptides). While these polymers provide the promise of more robust functional materials via hierarchical approaches, they present a new challenge for computational structure prediction for material design. The reliability of calculations hinges on the accuracy of interactions represented in the force field used to model peptoids. For proteins, structure prediction based on sequence and de novo design has made dramatic progress in recent years; however, these models are not readily transferable for peptoids. Current efforts to develop and implement peptoid-specific force fields are spread out, leading to replicated efforts and a fragmented collection of parameterized sidechains. Here, we developed a peptoid-specific force field containing 70 different side chains, using GAFF2 as starting point. The new model is validated based on the generation of Ramachandran-like plots from DFT optimization compared against force field reproduced potential energy and free energy surfaces as well as the reproduction of equilibrium cis/trans values for some residues experimentally known to form helical structures. Equilibrium cis/trans distributions (Kct) are estimated for all parameterized residues to identify which residues have an intrinsic propensity for cis or trans states in the monomeric state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S Harris
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Karteek K Bejagam
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Marcel D Baer
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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5
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Eastwood JRB, Weisberg EI, Katz D, Zuckermann RN, Kirshenbaum K. Guidelines for designing peptoid structures: Insights from the
Peptoid Data Bank. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dana Katz
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York New York USA
| | | | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department of Chemistry New York University New York New York USA
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6
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Kim J, Kobayashi H, Yokomine M, Shiratori Y, Ueda T, Takeuchi K, Umezawa K, Kuroda D, Tsumoto K, Morimoto J, Sando S. Residue-based program of a β-peptoid twisted strand shape via a cyclopentane constraint. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6994-7000. [PMID: 35993969 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01300b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Substituted peptides, such as peptoids and β-peptoids, have been reported to have unique structures with diverse functions, like catalysis and manipulation of biomolecular functions. Recently, the preorganization of monomer shape by restricting bond rotations about all backbone dihedral angles has been demonstrated to be useful for de novo design of peptoid structures. Such design strategies are hitherto unexplored for β-peptoids; to date, no preorganized β-peptoid monomers have been reported. Here, we report the first design strategy for β-peptoids, in which all four backbone dihedral angles (ω, ϕ, θ, ψ) are rotationally restricted on a per-residue basis. The introduction of a cyclopentane constraint realized the preorganized monomer structure and led to a β-peptoid with a stable twisted strand shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hiroka Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Marin Yokomine
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yota Shiratori
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takumi Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koh Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Umezawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan.,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. .,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. .,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.,Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Jumpei Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. .,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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7
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Design and synthesis of a DNA-encoded combinatorial library of bicyclic peptoids. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 48:116423. [PMID: 34583129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the design and synthesis of a DNA-encoded library of bicyclic peptoids. We show that our solid-phase strategy is facile and DNA-compatible, yielding a structurally diverse combinatorial library of bicyclic peptoids of various ring sizes. We also demonstrate that affinity-based screening of a DNA-encoded library of bicyclic peptoids enables to efficiently identify high-affinity ligands for a target protein. Given their highly constraint structures, as well as increased cell permeability and proteolytic stability relative to native peptides, bicyclic peptoids could be an excellent source of protein capture agents. As such, our DNA-encoded library of bicyclic peptoids will serve as versatile tools that facilitate the generation of potent ligands against many challenging targets, such as intracellular protein-protein interactions.
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8
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Rajale T, Miner JC, Michalczyk R, Phipps ML, Schmidt JG, Gilbertson RD, Williams RF, Strauss CEM, Martinez JS. Conformational control via sequence for a heteropeptoid in water: coupled NMR and Rosetta modelling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9922-9925. [PMID: 34498621 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report a critical advance in the generation and characterization of peptoid hetero-oligomers. A library of sub-monomers with amine and carboxylate side-chains are combined in different sequences using microwave-assisted synthesis. Their sequence-structure propensity is confirmed by circular dichroism, and conformer subtypes are enumerated by NMR. Biasing the ψ-angle backbone to trans (180°) in Monte Carlo modelling favors i to i + 3 naphthyl-naphthyl stacking, and matches experimental ensemble distributions. Taken together, high-yield synthesis of heterooligomers and NMR with structure prediction enables rapid determination of sequences that induce secondary structural propensities for predictive design of hydrophilic peptidomimetic foldamers and their future libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trideep Rajale
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jacob C Miner
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.,Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Ryszard Michalczyk
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - M Lisa Phipps
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, (CINT), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jurgen G Schmidt
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Robert D Gilbertson
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Robert F Williams
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Charlie E M Strauss
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jennifer S Martinez
- Center for Materials Interfaces in Research and Applications, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, USA. .,Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, USA
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9
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Geng K, Xie Q, Zhao Y, Yang L, Song Y, Hou H. Unlocking the Remarkable Influence of Intramolecular Group Rotation for Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:981-987. [PMID: 33751826 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This work exposes for the first time the remarkable influence of intramolecular group rotation on third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) performance. In order to prove the role of group rotation, we designed and synthesized two photo-response compounds tetramethyl 5,5'-(((diazene-1,2-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(methylene))diisophthalate (1) and 5,5'-(((diazene-1,2-diylbis(4,1-phenylene))bis(oxy))bis(methylene))diisophthalic acid (2) and investigated their NLO performance under different substituent (benzyloxy group) rotation states. 1 and 2 have dynamic benzyloxy group rotation in dilute solution and shows reverse saturated absorption (RSA). When the benzyloxy group rotation of 1 and 2 was restricted by PMMA, their NLO performance not only converted into saturated absorption (SA) and NLO refraction behaviours, but also hardly changed after isomerization. Interestingly, we also restricted the benzyloxy group rotation in solution to a certain extent through photo-induced trans→cis isomerization, and found that the NLO performances of cis isomers of 1 and 2 exhibit SA and positive refraction and are similar to those of 1-PMMA and 2-PMMA. This work provides a new exploratory method for studying the influencing factors of third-order NLO performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangshuai Geng
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Xie
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Linpo Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yinglin Song
- Department of Applied Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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10
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Li Z, Fu X, Huang S, Sun J, Li Z. Oligo(β-peptoid)s with Backbone Chirality from Aspartic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis and Property Investigation. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:33125-33132. [PMID: 33403274 PMCID: PMC7774267 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(β-peptoid)s (N-substituted poly-β-alanines) are an intriguing class of pseudopeptidic materials for biomedical applications, but the polymers prepared by solution polymerization have restricted diversity and functionality due to synthetic difficulty. Synthesis of structurally diverse poly(β-peptoid)s is highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, we report a new approach to synthesize skeletal chiral β-peptoid polymers from readily available aspartic acid derivatives. Two types of N-substituted β3-homoalanine monomers, i.e., N-(methyl propionate)-Asp-OMe ( N MeP-Asp-OMe) and N-(tert-butyl propionate)-Asp-OMe ( N tBuP-Asp-OMe), were synthesized in high yield via an aza-Michael addition reaction between l-aspartic acid-1-methyl ester (l-Asp-OMe) and acrylate species. Both N-substituted β3-homoalanines can be readily converted into polymerizable N-substituted β3-homoalanine N-carboxyanhydrides (β-NNCAs). Subsequent ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of these β-NNCA monomers provides access to oligo(β-peptoid)s and mPEG-poly(β-peptoid) diblocks with backbone chirality. Their conformations were preliminarily studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The synthetic strategy would significantly facilitate the development of novel poly(β-peptoid)s with well-defined and diverse structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education
Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaohui Fu
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education
Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Saixi Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education
Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education
Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key
Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education
Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University
of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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11
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Morimoto J, Sando S. Peptoids with Substituents on the Backbone Carbons as Conformationally Constrained Synthetic Oligoamides. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2020. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.78.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo
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12
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Wellhöfer I, Beck J, Frydenvang K, Bräse S, Olsen CA. Increasing the Functional Group Diversity in Helical β-Peptoids: Achievement of Solvent- and pH-Dependent Folding. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10466-10478. [PMID: 32806085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a series of bis-functionalized β-peptoid oligomers of the hexamer length. This was achieved by synthesizing and incorporating protected amino- or azido-functionalized chiral building blocks into precursor oligomers by a trimer segment coupling strategy. The resulting hexamers were readily elaborated to provide target compounds displaying amino groups, carboxy groups, hydroxy groups, or triazolo-pyridines, which should enable metal ion binding. Analysis of the novel hexamers by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC NMR) spectroscopy revealed robust helical folding propensity in acetonitrile. CD analysis showed a solvent-dependent degree of helical content in the structural ensembles when adding different ratios of protic solvents including an aqueous buffer. These studies were enabled by a substantial increase in solubility compared to previously analyzed β-peptoid oligomers. This also allowed for the investigation of the effect of pH on the folding propensity of the amino- and carboxy-functionalized oligomers, respectively. Interestingly, we could show a reversible effect of sequentially adding acid and base, resulting in a switching between compositions of folded ensembles with varying helical content. We envision that the present discoveries can form the basis for the development of functional peptidomimetic materials responsive to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Wellhöfer
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals & Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Janina Beck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karla Frydenvang
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian A Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals & Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
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