1
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Tian G, Hu J, Qin C, Li L, Ning Y, Zhu S, Xie S, Zou X, Seeberger PH, Yin J. Chemical Synthesis and Antigenicity Evaluation of an Aminoglycoside Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Serotype O5 O-Antigen Containing a Rare Dimeric-Man pN3NA. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18427-18439. [PMID: 38946080 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant against multiple antibiotics. Therefore, the development of vaccines to prevent infections with these bacteria is an urgent medical need. While the immunological activity of lipopolysaccharide O-antigens in P. aeruginosa is well-known, the specific protective epitopes remain unidentified. Herein, we present the first chemical synthesis of highly functionalized aminoglycoside trisaccharide 1 and its acetamido derivative 2 found in the P. aeruginosa serotype O5 O-antigen. The synthesis of the trisaccharide targets is based on balancing the reactivity of disaccharide acceptors and monosaccharide donors. Glycosylations were analyzed by quantifying the reactivity of the hydroxyl group of the disaccharide acceptor using the orbital-weighted Fukui function and dual descriptor. The stereoselective formation of 1,2-cis-α-fucosylamine linkages was achieved through a combination of remote acyl participation and reagent modulation. The simultaneous SN2 substitution of azide groups at C2' and C2″ enabled the efficient synthesis of 1,2-cis-β-linkages for both 2,3-diamino-D-mannuronic acids. Through a strategic orthogonal modification, the five amino groups on target trisaccharide 1 were equipped with a rare acetamidino (Am) and four acetyl (Ac) groups. Glycan microarray analyses of sera from patients infected with P. aeruginosa indicated that trisaccharides 1 and 2 are key antigenic epitopes of the serotype O5 O-antigen. The acetamidino group is not an essential determinant of antibody binding. The β-D-ManpNAc3NAcA residue is a key motif for the antigenicity of serotype O5 O-antigen. These findings serve as a foundation for the development of glycoconjugate vaccines targeting P. aeruginosa serotype O5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Biomolecular Systems Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Lingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhan Ning
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Shengyong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Suqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Biomolecular Systems Department, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
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2
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Crawford CJ, Schultz-Johansen M, Luong P, Vidal-Melgosa S, Hehemann JH, Seeberger PH. Automated Synthesis of Algal Fucoidan Oligosaccharides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18320-18330. [PMID: 38916244 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide found in algae, plays a central role in marine carbon sequestration and exhibits a wide array of bioactivities. However, the molecular diversity and structural complexity of fucoidan hinder precise structure-function studies. To address this, we present an automated method for generating well-defined linear and branched α-fucan oligosaccharides. Our syntheses include oligosaccharides with up to 20 cis-glycosidic linkages, diverse branching patterns, and 11 sulfate monoesters. In this study, we demonstrate the utility of these oligosaccharides by (i) characterizing two endo-acting fucoidan glycoside hydrolases (GH107), (ii) utilizing them as standards for NMR studies to confirm suggested structures of algal fucoidans, and (iii) developing a fucoidan microarray. This microarray enabled the screening of the molecular specificity of four monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting fucoidan. It was found that mAb BAM4 has cross-reactivity to β-glucans, while mAb BAM2 has reactivity to fucoidans with 4-O-sulfate esters. Knowledge of the mAb BAM2 epitope specificity provided evidence that a globally abundant marine diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii, synthesizes a fucoidan with structural homology to those found in brown algae. Automated glycan assembly provides access to fucoidan oligosaccharides. These oligosaccharides provide the basis for molecular level investigations into fucoidan's roles in medicine and carbon sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J Crawford
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mikkel Schultz-Johansen
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Phuong Luong
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvia Vidal-Melgosa
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- MARUM, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Yang X, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Li Q, Li T, Gao J. Total Synthesis of the Repeating Units of Highly Functionalized O-Antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27577, O10, and O19. JACS AU 2024; 4:2351-2362. [PMID: 38938791 PMCID: PMC11200240 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of the repeating units of the O-antigens of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27577, O10, and O19 was achieved via a linear glycosylation strategy. This also represents the first synthesis of an oligosaccharide containing an α-linked N-acetyl-l-galactosaminuronic acid (l-GalpNAcA) unit. All of the glycosyl linkages, including three challenging 1,2-cis-glycosidic bonds of amino sugars, were effectively constructed with high to exclusive stereoselectivity, while orthogonal protection tactics were employed to facilitate regioselective glycosylations and the introduction of a variety of functionalities. An acetyl group migration phenomenon was found during the synthesis of the O-acylated repeating unit of the P. aeruginosa ATCC 27577 antigen. All synthetic targets carried an amino functional group in the linker at the reducing end, thus facilitating further regioselective elaboration and biological studies. The synthetic strategy established here should be useful for the preparation of other similar oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
- NMPA
Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based
Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department
of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Jinan ,Shandong 250355, China
| | - Qingpeng Zhao
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
- NMPA
Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based
Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts
Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Tiehai Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Gao
- National
Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate
Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
- NMPA
Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based
Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao ,Shandong 266237, China
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4
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Calles-Garcia D, Dube DH. Chemical biology tools to probe bacterial glycans. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 80:102453. [PMID: 38582017 PMCID: PMC11164641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial cells are covered by a complex carbohydrate coat of armor that allows bacteria to thrive in a range of environments. As a testament to the importance of bacterial glycans, effective and heavily utilized antibiotics including penicillin and vancomycin target and disrupt the bacterial glycocalyx. Despite their importance, the study of bacterial glycans lags far behind their eukaryotic counterparts. Bacterial cells use a large palette of monosaccharides to craft glycans, leading to molecules that are significantly more complex than eukaryotic glycans and that are refractory to study. Fortunately, chemical tools designed to probe bacterial glycans have yielded insights into these molecules, their structures, their biosynthesis, and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Calles-Garcia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA
| | - Danielle H Dube
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bowdoin College, 6600 College Station, Brunswick, ME 04011, USA.
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5
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Pradhan K, Paul A, Rai D, Mishra AK, Balhara P, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of Vibrio Cholerae O43 Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4019-4030. [PMID: 38403962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a pathogen responsible for the deadly pandemic - cholera. The glycans present on the surface of various strains of V. cholerae are considered as potential vaccine candidates. The tetrasaccharide repeating unit (RU) of V. cholerae O43 is decorated with less-explored rare deoxy amino sugars like d-quinosamine and d-viosamine, along with a rare amino acid, N-acetyl-l-allothreonine. Herein, we report a detailed account of the total synthesis of V. cholerae O43 tetrasaccharide RU. In our earlier attempt, while a one-pot assembly of trisaccharide was successful, the final coupling with a fully functionalized d-viosamine donor was low yielding. The successful route involved employing the Fmoc-protected d-viosamine building block as a donor and a late-stage amide bond formation of the tetrasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabita Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Amar Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Preeti Balhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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6
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Ghotekar BK, Biswas S, Kulkarni SS. Circumventing aglycon transfer en route to the synthesis of pentasaccharide thioglycoside donor for the chain extension of Plesiomonas shigelloides strain 302-73 (serotype O1) repeating unit. Carbohydr Res 2024; 537:109073. [PMID: 38442682 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Herein we report a chemical synthesis of a pentasaccharide thioglycoside repeating unit of Plesiomonas shigelloides Strain 302-73 (Serotype O1), as a chain extension unit. In our synthetic endeavor we encountered multiple aglycon transfer reactions during glycosylations. This problem was obviated by employing a PMP group as a transient protecting group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasaheb K Ghotekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India
| | - Sayantan Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, India.
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7
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Bilemjian V, Lin Y, Wan W, Egri G, Huls G, Heinze T, Bremer E, Gericke M, Dähne L. Direct Functionalization of Polysaccharide-Based Xylan Phenyl Carbonate Nanoparticles with Tumor Cell Specific Antibodies. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300828. [PMID: 38236789 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
An efficient and easy-to-use approach is presented for obtaining biocompatible polysaccharide-based nanoparticles (NP) that can act as tumor-specific drug delivery agents. Two antibodies are directly immobilized onto reactive xylan phenyl carbonate (XPC) NP; namely Cetuximab (CTX) that binds to human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Atezolizumab (ATZ) that binds to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). High coupling efficiency (up to 100 %) are achieved without any pre-activation and no aggregation occurs during antibody immobilization. By quartz crystal microbalance experiments with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), flow cytometry assays, and confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging it is demonstrated that the functionalized XPC-NP specifically bind to cells carrying the corresponding antigens. Moreover, the NP retain the antibody specific bioactivities (growth inhibition for CTX and induction of T-cell cytotoxicity for ATZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrouyr Bilemjian
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yusheng Lin
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wei Wan
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gerwin Huls
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Edwin Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Gericke
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Lars Dähne
- Surflay Nanotec GmbH, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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8
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Maji S, Ghotekar BK, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of a Conjugation-Ready Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit of Vibrio cholerae O:3 O-antigen Polysaccharide. Org Lett 2024; 26:745-750. [PMID: 38198674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first total synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of Vibrio cholerae O:3 O-antigen polysaccharide. The highly complex tetrasaccharide contains rare amino sugars such as d-bacillosamine and l-fucosamine, highly labile sugar ascarylose, and higher carbon sugar d-d-heptose. Stereoselective glycosylation of the notoriously reactive ascarylose with d-d-heptose, poor nucleophilicity of the axial C4-OH of l-fucosamine, and amide coupling are the key challenges encountered in the total synthesis, which was completed via a longest linear sequence of 23 steps in 4.2% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyakanta Maji
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Balasaheb K Ghotekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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9
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Rai D, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of Conjugation-Ready Tetrasaccharide Repeating Units of a Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii Strain 34 and O5. Org Lett 2023; 25:8332-8337. [PMID: 37955403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first total synthesis of conjugation-ready tetrasaccharide repeating units of Acinetobacter baumannii strain 34 and O5 comprising a common disaccharide motif [α-l-FucpNAc-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAcA]. The installation of 1,2-cis linkages employing a disarmed 2-azido-d-galacturonic acid derivative as the donor is addressed here. The synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating units of A. baumannii strain 34 and O5 is accomplished via the longest linear sequences of 19 steps in 9.8% and 21 steps in 8.4% overall yields, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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10
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Abstract
The structural complexity of glycans poses a serious challenge in the chemical synthesis of glycosides, oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Glycan complexity, determined by composition, connectivity, and configuration far exceeds what nature achieves with nucleic acids and proteins. Consequently, glycoside synthesis ranks among the most complex tasks in organic synthesis, despite involving only a simple type of bond-forming reaction. Here, we introduce the fundamental principles of glycoside bond formation and summarize recent advances in glycoside bond formation and oligosaccharide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J Crawford
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Paul A, Rai D, Pradhan K, Balhara P, Mishra AK, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of a Structurally Complex Tetrasaccharide Repeating Unit of Vibrio cholerae O43. Org Lett 2023; 25:6413-6418. [PMID: 37603587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total synthesis of a densely functionalized tetrasaccharide repeating unit of Vibrio cholerae O43, which contains rare deoxy amino sugars d-quinovosamine and d-viosamine attached with the rare amino acid N-acetyl-l-allothreonine. Synthesis of orthogonally protected rare sugars and unnatural amino acid building blocks, stereoselective construction of three consecutive 1,2-cis glycosidic linkages, amide coupling, and the presence of five nitrogen atoms dispersed over four sugar units as well as the carboxylic acid functionality make the total synthesis a formidable task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kabita Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Preeti Balhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Amar Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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12
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Duan L, Nie Q, Hu Y, Wang L, Guo K, Zhou Z, Song X, Tu Y, Liu H, Hansen T, Sun JS, Zhang Q. Stereoselective Synthesis of the O-antigen of A. baumannii ATCC 17961 Using Long-Range Levulinoyl Group Participation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306971. [PMID: 37327196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we described the first synthesis of the pentasaccharide and decasaccharide of the A. baumannii ATCC 17961 O-antigen for developing a synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine against A. baumannii infection. The efficient synthesis of the rare sugar 2,3-diacetamido-glucuronate was achieved using our recently introduced organocatalytic glycosylation method. We found, for the first time, that long-range levulinoyl group participation via a hydrogen bond can result in a significantly improved β-selectivity in glycosylations. This solves the stereoselectivity problem of highly branched galactose acceptors. The proposed mechanism was supported by control experiments and DFT computations. Benefiting from the long-range levulinoyl group participation strategy, the pentasaccharide donor and acceptor were obtained via an efficient [2+1+2] one-pot glycosylation method and were used for the target decasaccharide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshen Duan
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Qin Nie
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Yongxin Hu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Liming Wang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Kaiyan Guo
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Zhuoyi Zhou
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Xu Song
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Yuanhong Tu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Hui Liu
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Jian-Song Sun
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, and Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Qingju Zhang
- National Research Centre for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nan Chang, 330022, China
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13
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Paul A, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the Repeating Units of Proteus penneri 26 and Proteus vulgaris TG155 via a Common Disaccharide. Org Lett 2023; 25:4400-4405. [PMID: 37284758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the first total synthesis of the trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide repeating units of P. penneri 26 and P. vulgaris TG155, respectively, having a common disaccharide unit, 3-α-l-QuipNAc-(1 → 3)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1 →. Striking features of the targets are the presence of rare sugar units, l-quinovosamine and l-rhamnosamine, all joined through α-glycosidic linkages. Major challenges in the formation of 1,2-cis glycosidic linkages in the case of d-glucosamine, l-quinovosamine, and d-galactosamine have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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14
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Li ZR, Li R, Pasternack L, Chen P, Wong CH. Chemical Synthesis of a Keto Sugar Nucleotide. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37126664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Keto sugar nucleotides (KSNs) are common and versatile precursors to various deoxy sugar nucleotides, which are substrates for the corresponding glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and natural products. However, there has been no KSN synthesized chemically due to the inherent instability. Herein, the first chemical synthesis of the archetypal KSN TDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose (1) is achieved by an efficient and optimized route, providing feasible access to other KSNs and analogues, thereby opening a new avenue for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ruofan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Laura Pasternack
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pengxi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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15
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Shirsat AA, Rai D, Ghotekar BK, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of Staphylococcus aureus Strain M. Org Lett 2023; 25:2913-2917. [PMID: 37052906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient total synthesis of a conjugation-ready trisaccharide repeating unit of Staphylococcus aureus strain M is reported here. The main challenges involved in this synthesis are the procurement of rare sugars (d-FucNAc and d-GalNAcA) and installation of consecutive 1,2-cis-glycosidic linkages between them. Stereoselective 1,2-cis glycosylation with the linker acceptor was achieved with easily accessible benzylidene protected d-galactosamine thioglycoside by employing a DMF modulated preactivation glycosylation method. The consecutive 1,2-cis linkages were installed with the help of solvent participation. The carboxylic acid functionality was introduced via postglycosylation oxidation on the disaccharide moiety. The total synthesis of trisaccharide repeating unit was accomplished with the longest linear sequence of 24 steps in 4.5% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana A Shirsat
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Balasaheb K Ghotekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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16
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Rai D, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of Staphylococcus aureus Type 8 (CP8) Capsular Polysaccharide. Org Lett 2023; 25:1509-1513. [PMID: 36852946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly efficient total synthesis of Staphylococcus aureus type 8 trisaccharide repeating unit in a lesser number of steps and high stereoselectivity. The complex trisaccharide contains rare amino sugars, viz., d-fucosamine, l-fucosamine, and 2-acetamido d-mannuronic acid. The installation of consecutive sterically hindered 1,2-cis glycosidic linkages, especially β-mannosylation, is the key challenge in this synthesis. The total synthesis of target molecule was completed via a longest linear sequence of 18 steps in 7.1% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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17
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Chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides and their application in new drug research. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115164. [PMID: 36758451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides are the ubiquitous molecules of life. In order to translate human bioglycosylation into clinical applications, homogeneous samples of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates can be obtained by chemical, enzymatic or other biological methods for systematic studies. However, the structural complexity and diversity of glycans and their conjugates present a major challenge for the synthesis of such molecules. This review summarizes the chemical synthesis methods of oligosaccharides, the application of oligosaccharides in the field of medicinal chemistry according to their related biological activities, and shows the great prospect of oligosaccharides in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry.
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18
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Abstract
Chemical synthesis of a hexasaccharide relevant to colanic acid, which bears a high prevalence of polyanionic and acetyl decoration, has been achieved, highlighting stereoselective glycosylation and effective installation of O-acetyl and pyruvate residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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19
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Guo YF, Luo T, Feng GJ, Liu CY, Dong H. Efficient Synthesis of 2-OH Thioglycosides from Glycals Based on the Reduction of Aryl Disulfides by NaBH4. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185980. [PMID: 36144712 PMCID: PMC9506437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An improved method to efficiently synthesize 2-OH thioaryl glycosides starting from corresponding per-protected glycals was developed, where 1,2-anhydro sugars were prepared by the oxidation of glycals with oxone, followed by reaction of crude crystalline 1,2-anhydro sugars with NaBH4 and aryl disulfides. This method has been further used in a one-pot reaction to synthesize glycosyl donors having both “armed” and “NGP (neighboring group participation)” effects.
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20
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Singh Y, Geringer SA, Demchenko AV. Synthesis and Glycosidation of Anomeric Halides: Evolution from Early Studies to Modern Methods of the 21st Century. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11701-11758. [PMID: 35675037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Advances in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry have dramatically improved access to common glycans. However, many novel methods still fail to adequately address challenges associated with chemical glycosylation and glycan synthesis. Since a challenge of glycosylation has remained, scientists have been frequently returning to the traditional glycosyl donors. This review is dedicated to glycosyl halides that have played crucial roles in shaping the field of glycosciences and continue to pave the way toward our understanding of chemical glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashapal Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Scott A Geringer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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21
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Singh K, Kulkarni SS. Small Carbohydrate Derivatives as Potent Antibiofilm Agents. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8525-8549. [PMID: 35777073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation by most pathogenic bacteria is considered as one of the key mechanisms associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance. Biofilm-forming bacteria adhere to the surfaces of biological or implant medical devices and create communities within their self-produced extracellular matrix that are difficult to treat by existing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to synthesize and screen structurally diverse molecules for their antibiofilm activity that can remove or minimize the bacterial biofilm. The development of carbohydrate-based small molecules as antibiofilm agents holds a great promise in addressing the problem of the eradication of biofilm-related infections. Owing to their structural diversity and specificity, the sugar scaffolds are valuable entities for developing antibiofilm agents. In this perspective, we discuss the literature pertaining to carbohydrate-based natural antibiofilm agents and provide an overview of the design, activity, and mode of action of potent synthetic carbohydrate-based molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikey Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India 400076
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22
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Pal D, Chaudhury A, Mukhopadhyay B. Chemical Synthesis of the Linker‐Armed Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of the O‐antigen from Pseudomonas putida BIM B‐1100. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Pal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Department of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Aritra Chaudhury
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Department of Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata IISER-K Department of Chemical Sciences Mohanpur Campus, Nadia 741252 Nadia INDIA
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23
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Del Bino L, Østerlid KE, Wu DY, Nonne F, Romano MR, Codée J, Adamo R. Synthetic Glycans to Improve Current Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Fight Antimicrobial Resistance. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15672-15716. [PMID: 35608633 PMCID: PMC9614730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is emerging as the next potential pandemic. Different microorganisms, including the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the fungus Candida auris, have been identified by the WHO and CDC as urgent or serious AMR threats. Others, such as group A and B Streptococci, are classified as concerning threats. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been demonstrated to be an efficacious and cost-effective measure to combat infections against Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and, more recently, Salmonella typhi. Recent times have seen enormous progress in methodologies for the assembly of complex glycans and glycoconjugates, with developments in synthetic, chemoenzymatic, and glycoengineering methodologies. This review analyzes the advancement of glycoconjugate vaccines based on synthetic carbohydrates to improve existing vaccines and identify novel candidates to combat AMR. Through this literature survey we built an overview of structure-immunogenicity relationships from available data and identify gaps and areas for further research to better exploit the peculiar role of carbohydrates as vaccine targets and create the next generation of synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kitt Emilie Østerlid
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dung-Yeh Wu
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jeroen Codée
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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Ghosh B, Bhattacharjee N, Podilapu AR, Puri K, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the Repeating Units of O-Specific Polysaccharide of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens UCM B-306 via One-Pot Glycosylation. Org Lett 2022; 24:3696-3701. [PMID: 35549295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total syntheses of the trisaccharide-repeating units of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens UCM B-306 via a one-pot assembly of the core trisaccharide structure. The rare-sugar-containing trisaccharide-repeating units are comprised of d-bacillosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-galacturonic acid or amide, and d-rhamnose units linked through three consecutive α-linkages. The total syntheses of two repeating units were completed starting from d-mannose via a longest-linear sequence of 27 steps in 5.8% and 4.4% overall yields, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaswati Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Nabarupa Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Krishna Puri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
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25
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Singh RK, Sianturi J, Seeberger PH. Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Resembling the Streptococcus suis Serotype 18 Capsular Polysaccharide as a Basis for Glycoconjugate Vaccine Development. Org Lett 2022; 24:2371-2375. [PMID: 35311265 PMCID: PMC8981331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Here we report the
first total synthesis of several oligosaccharides
resembling the capsular polysaccharide of swine pathogen S.
suis serotype 18 repeating unit [→3)-d-GalNAc(α1-3)[d-Glc(β1-2)]-d-GalA4OAc(β1-3)-d-GalNAc(α1-3)-d-BacNAc4NAc(α1→]n. Access to the pentasaccharide repeating unit antigen
proved to be very challenging due to the poor reactivity in the context
of the trisaccharide. The challenge was overcome by the creation of
a galacturonic acid in a late stage of the synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Kumar Singh
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Julinton Sianturi
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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26
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Zhang H, Wang X, Meng Y, Yang X, Zhao Q, Gao J. Total Synthesis of the Tetrasaccharide Haptens of Vibrio vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 and Immunological Evaluation of Their Protein Conjugates. JACS AU 2022; 2:97-108. [PMID: 35098226 PMCID: PMC8790746 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen that can cause fatal septicemia and necrotizing infections with a high lethal rate exceeding 50%. V. vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 are two predominant virulent strains associated with approximately one-third of the clinical infections. The capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of V. vulnificus consist of several structurally unique sugars and are excellent targets for developing effective glycoconjugate vaccines. This article describes the first total synthesis of the challenging tetrasaccharide repeating units of V. vulnificus MO6-24 and BO62316 CPSs. A key feature of this synthesis was the assembly of the tetrasaccharide skeleton using a 3,4-branched trisaccharide as the glycosyl donor. A modified TEMPO/BAIB oxidation protocol was developed to directly convert α-d-GalN into α-d-GalAN in not only disaccharides but also tri- and tetrasaccharides. The synthetic haptens were covalently coupled with CRM197 carrier protein via a bifunctional linker. Preliminary immunological studies of the resultant glycoconjugates in mice revealed their high efficacy to induce robust T-cell-dependent immune responses, and the IgG antibodies elicited by each glycoconjugate showed weak cross-reactivity with the other synthetic tetrasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Youhui Meng
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Qingpeng Zhao
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Jian Gao
- National Glycoengineering
Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry
and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation
of Carbohydrate-based Medicine, Shandong
University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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27
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Halder T, Yadav S. Total synthesis of the O-antigen repeating unit of Providencia stuartii O49 serotype through linear and one-pot assemblies. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2915-2921. [PMID: 34956410 PMCID: PMC8685571 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsular polysaccharides of pathogenic bacteria have been reported to be effective vaccines against diseases caused by them. Providencia stuartii is a class of enterobacteria of the family Providencia that is responsible for several antibiotic resistant infections, particularly urinary tract infections of patients with prolonged catheterization in hospital settings. Towards the goal of development of vaccine candidates against this pathogen, we herein report the total synthesis of a trisaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigen polysaccharide of the P. stuartii O49 serotype containing the →6)-β-ᴅ-Galp-(1→3)-β-ᴅ-GalpNAc(1→4)-α-ᴅ-Galp(1→ linkage. The synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit was carried out first by a linear strategy involving the [1 + (1 + 1 = 2)] assembly, followed by a one-pot synthesis involving [1 + 1 + 1] strategy from the corresponding monosaccharides. The one-pot method provided a higher yield of the protected trisaccharide intermediate (73%) compared to the two step synthesis (66%). The protected trisaccharide was then deprotected and N-acetylated to finally afford the desired trisaccharide repeating unit as its α-p-methoxyphenyl glycoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Somnath Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
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28
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Ghosh A, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of Streptococcus pneumoniae Zwitterionic Polysaccharide Sp1. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18292-18299. [PMID: 34860529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is the total synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of Streptococcus pneumoniae zwitterionic polysaccharide Sp1 containing a rare sugar, 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-galactose (AAT), and three consecutive 1,2-cis-glycosidic linkages. The total synthesis was completed via highly stereoselective glycosylations and late-stage oxidation as key steps involving a longest linear sequence of 21 steps with 4.4% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antara Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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29
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Synthetic carbohydrate-based cell wall components from Staphylococcus aureus. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2021; 38:35-43. [PMID: 34895639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycopolymers are found surrounding the outer layer of many bacterial species. The first uses as immunogenic component in vaccines are reported since the beginning of the XX century, but it is only in the last decades that glycoconjugate based vaccines have been effectively applied for controlling and preventing several infectious diseases, such as H. influenzae type b (Hib), N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae or group B Streptococcus. Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains has been appointed by the WHO as one of those pathogens, for which new treatments are urgently needed. Herein we present an overview of the carbohydrate-based cell wall polymers associated with different S. aureus strains and the related affords to deliver well-defined fragments through synthetic chemistry.
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30
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Zhang S, Seeberger PH. Total Syntheses of Conjugation-Ready Repeating Units of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 for Glycoconjugate Vaccine Development. Chemistry 2021; 27:17444-17451. [PMID: 34665908 PMCID: PMC9298076 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious nosocomial infections. One of the multidrug-resistant strains, AB5075, can result in bacteremia, pneumonia and wound infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. The structurally unique glycans on the surface of these bacteria are attractive targets for the development of glycoconjugate vaccines. Here, we report the first total synthesis of the densely functionalized trisaccharide repeating unit of A. baumannii AB5075 as well as two analogues. The construction of 1,2-cis linkages between the rare sugars relies on a double-serial inversion strategy. The judicious selection of building blocks and reaction conditions allowed for stereoselective glycosylations, the installation of acetamido groups and the (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular SystemsMax Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 114476PotsdamGermany
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
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31
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Alex C, Demchenko AV. Recent Advances in Stereocontrolled Mannosylation: Focus on Glycans Comprising Acidic and/or Amino Sugars. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3278-3294. [PMID: 34661961 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The main focus of this review is to describe accomplishments made in the stereoselective synthesis of β-linked mannosides functionalized with carboxyls or amines/amides. These ManNAc, ManA and ManNAcA residues found in many glycoconjugates, bacterial polysaccharides, and alginates have consistently captured interest of the glycoscience community both due to synthetic challenge and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Alex
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri - St. Louis, One University Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63121, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Ave, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA
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32
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Lin MH, Chang CW, Chiang TY, Dhurandhare VM, Wang CC. Thiocarbonyl as a Switchable Relay-Auxiliary Group in Carbohydrate Synthesis. Org Lett 2021; 23:7313-7318. [PMID: 34269593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A multifunctional O-phenyl thiocarbonyl (O(C═S)OPh) group was introduced in glycosylation reactions. This auxiliary group exhibits three features (1) C6-long-range participation effect, (2) relay activation, and (3) switchable promoter-controlled carbonylation, which enables the facile synthesis of both 6-deoxy glucoside and 6-alcohol glucoside. In addition, we successfully quantified the extent of the C6-acyl participation effect and developed its application toward the α-trisaccharide motif.
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Zeng Y, Xiang Y, Sheng R, Tomás H, Rodrigues J, Gu Z, Zhang H, Gong Q, Luo K. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3358-3382. [PMID: 33817416 PMCID: PMC8005658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is an effective antitumor approach through activating immune systems to eradicate tumors by immunotherapeutics. However, direct administration of "naked" immunotherapeutic agents (such as nucleic acids, cytokines, adjuvants or antigens without delivery vehicles) often results in: (1) an unsatisfactory efficacy due to suboptimal pharmacokinetics; (2) strong toxic and side effects due to low targeting (or off-target) efficiency. To overcome these shortcomings, a series of polysaccharide-based nanoparticles have been developed to carry immunotherapeutics to enhance antitumor immune responses with reduced toxicity and side effects. Polysaccharides are a family of natural polymers that hold unique physicochemical and biological properties, as they could interact with immune system to stimulate an enhanced immune response. Their structures offer versatility in synthesizing multifunctional nanocomposites, which could be chemically modified to achieve high stability and bioavailability for delivering therapeutics into tumor tissues. This review aims to highlight recent advances in polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy and propose new perspectives on the use of polysaccharide-based immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zeng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yufan Xiang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ruilong Sheng
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Helena Tomás
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- CQM-Centro de Quimica da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Zeng Y, Xiang Y, Sheng R, Tomás H, Rodrigues J, Gu Z, Zhang H, Gong Q, Luo K. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer immunotherapy: A review. Bioact Mater 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Biswas S, Ghotekar BK, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the All-Rare Sugar-Containing Pentasaccharide Repeating Unit of the O-Polysaccharide of Plesiomonas shigelloides Strain 302-73 (Serotype O1). Org Lett 2021; 23:6137-6142. [PMID: 34291950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
First total synthesis of the conjugation-ready pentasaccharide repeating unit of Plesiomonas shigelloides strain 302-73 (serotype O1) is reported. The complex target pentasaccharide is composed of all-rare amino sugars such as orthogonally functionalized d-bacillosamine, l-fucosamine, and l-pneumosamine linked through four consecutive α-linkages. The poor nucleophilicity of axial 4-OH of l-fucosamine and stereoselective glycosylations are the key challenges in the total synthesis, which was completed via a longest linear sequence of 27 steps in 3% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Balasaheb K Ghotekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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36
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Vibhute AM, Tamai H, Logviniuk D, Jones PG, Fridman M, Werz DB. Azide-Functionalized Derivatives of the Virulence-Associated Sugar Pseudaminic Acid: Chiral Pool Synthesis and Labeling of Bacteria. Chemistry 2021; 27:10595-10600. [PMID: 33769621 PMCID: PMC8360151 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pseudaminic acid (Pse) is a significant prokaryotic monosaccharide found in important Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. This unique sugar serves as a component of cell-surface-associated glycans or glycoproteins and is associated with their virulence. We report the synthesis of azidoacetamido-functionalized Pse derivatives as part of a search for Pse-derived metabolic labeling reagents. The synthesis was initiated with d-glucose (Glc), which served as a cost-effective chiral pool starting material. Key synthetic steps involve the conversion of C1 of Glc into the terminal methyl group of Pse, and inverting deoxyaminations at C3 and C5 of Glc followed by backbone elongation with a three-carbon unit using the Barbier reaction. Metabolic labeling experiments revealed that, of the four Pse derivatives, ester-protected C5 azidoacetamido-Pse successfully labeled cells of Pse-expressing Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. No labeling was observed in cells of non-Pse-expressing strains. The ester-protected and C5 azidoacetamido-functionalized Pse is thus a useful reagent for the identification of bacteria expressing this unique virulence-associated nonulosonic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol M Vibhute
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hideki Tamai
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dana Logviniuk
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverley Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Micha Fridman
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverley Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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37
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Paul A, Kulkarni SS. Synthesis of L-hexoses: an Update. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3224-3237. [PMID: 34075685 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, carbohydrates have increasingly become an important class of compounds contributing significantly to the target specific drug discovery and vaccine development. Several oligosaccharides contain L-hexoses that are biologically relevant as therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Since, L-hexoses and deoxy L-hexoses are not readily available in large amount and pure form, attention is drawn towards development of cost effective and high yielding synthetic routes for their procurement. In this review we give an update on the recent developments in strategies for synthesis of L-hexoses and deoxy L-hexoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
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Rai D, Sanapala SR, Kulkarni SS. Serendipitous one-pot synthesis of chiral dienes from pyranosidic 2,4-bistriflates. Carbohydr Res 2021; 505:108351. [PMID: 34044223 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Attempted nucleophilic displacements of l-rhamnosyl 2,4-bistriflates led to serendipitous formation of a chiral diene via competing cascade eliminations. The reaction also followed the same pathway with d-rhamnosyl and d-mannosyl 2,4-bistriflates substrates providing access to dienes with opposite stereochemistry. The reaction presumably proceeds through E2 elimination of C2 triflate followed by allylic rearrangement. The easily accessible chiral dienes would be useful in the synthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | | | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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Pathan EK, Ghosh B, Podilapu AR, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of Bacteroides fragilis Zwitterionic Polysaccharide A1. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6090-6099. [PMID: 33843231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polysaccharides isolated from commensal bacteria are endowed with unique immunological properties and are emerging as immunotherapeutic agents as well as vaccine carriers. Reported herein is a total synthesis of the repeating unit of Bacteroides fragilis zwitterionic polysaccharide A1 (PS A1). The structurally complex tetrasaccharide unit contains a rare sugar 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-galactose (AAT) and two consecutive 1,2-cis glycosidic linkages. The repeating unit was efficiently assembled by rapid synthesis of d-galactosamine and AAT building blocks from cheap and abundant d-mannose via a one-pot SN2 displacement of 2,4-bistriflates and installation of all of the glycosidic bonds in a highly stereoselective manner. The total synthesis involves a longest linear sequence of 17 steps with 3.47% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ennus K Pathan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Bhaswati Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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40
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Recent chemical syntheses of bacteria related oligosaccharides using modern expeditious approaches. Carbohydr Res 2021; 507:108295. [PMID: 34271477 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Apart from some essential and crucial roles in life processes carbohydrates also are involved in a few detrimental courses of action related to human health, like infections by pathogenic microbes, cancer metastasis, transplanted tissue rejection, etc. Regarding management of pathogenesis by microbes, keeping in mind of multi drug-resistant bacteria and epidemic or endemic incidents, preventive measure by vaccination is the best pathway as also recommended by the WHO; by vaccination, eradication of bacterial diseases is also possible. Although some valid vaccines based on attenuated bacterial cells or isolated pure polysaccharide-antigens or the corresponding conjugates thereof are available in the market for prevention of several bacterial diseases, but these are not devoid of some disadvantages also. In order to develop improved conjugate T-cell dependent vaccines oligosaccharides related to bacterial antigens are synthesized and converted to the corresponding carrier protein conjugates. Marketed Cuban Quimi-Hib is such a vaccine being used since 2004 to resist Haemophilus influenza b infections. During nearly the past two decades research is going on worldwide for improved synthesis of bacteria related oligosaccharides or polysaccharides towards development of such semisynthetic or synthetic glycoconjugate vaccines. The present dissertation is an endeavour to encompass the recent syntheses of several pathogenic bacterial oligosaccharides or polysaccharides, made during the past ten-eleven years with special reference to modern expeditious syntheses.
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41
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Mc Carthy C, Zhu X. Chemoselective activation of ethyl vs. phenyl thioglycosides: one-pot synthesis of oligosaccharides. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9029-9034. [PMID: 32869806 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01606c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl and phenyl thioglycosides are the two most common types of thioglycoside donors in carbohydrate chemistry. However, the chemoselective activation of ethyl vs. phenyl thioglycosides is very rare in the literature. In this work, ethyl thioglycosides could be readily activated with an N-trifluoromethylthiosaccharin/TMSOTf system in the presence of phenyl thioglycosides carrying the same or even more armed protecting group pattern. Both armed and disarmed thioglycosides exhibited high chemoselectivity towards the promoter system. Chemoselective glycosylation was subsequently applied to one-pot synthesis, thus providing an efficient means to oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian Mc Carthy
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, UCD School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Qin C, Liu Z, Ding M, Cai J, Fu J, Hu J, Seeberger PH, Yin J. Chemical synthesis of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa O11 O-antigen trisaccharide based on neighboring electron-donating effect. J Carbohydr Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2020.1839479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meiru Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Juntao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Plank Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Junjie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Plank Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Anomeric configuration-dependence of the Lattrell-Dax epimerization from D-glucose to synthetically useful D-allose derivatives. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:723-728. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Pesciullesi G, Schwaller P, Laino T, Reymond JL. Transfer learning enables the molecular transformer to predict regio- and stereoselective reactions on carbohydrates. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4874. [PMID: 32978395 PMCID: PMC7519051 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic synthesis methodology enables the synthesis of complex molecules and materials used in all fields of science and technology and represents a vast body of accumulated knowledge optimally suited for deep learning. While most organic reactions involve distinct functional groups and can readily be learned by deep learning models and chemists alike, regio- and stereoselective transformations are more challenging because their outcome also depends on functional group surroundings. Here, we challenge the Molecular Transformer model to predict reactions on carbohydrates where regio- and stereoselectivity are notoriously difficult to predict. We show that transfer learning of the general patent reaction model with a small set of carbohydrate reactions produces a specialized model returning predictions for carbohydrate reactions with remarkable accuracy. We validate these predictions experimentally with the synthesis of a lipid-linked oligosaccharide involving regioselective protections and stereoselective glycosylations. The transfer learning approach should be applicable to any reaction class of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Pesciullesi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schwaller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
- IBM Research-Europe, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Teodoro Laino
- IBM Research-Europe, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Reymond
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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45
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Li R, Yu H, Chen X. Recent progress in chemical synthesis of bacterial surface glycans. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 58:121-136. [PMID: 32920523 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the continuing advancement of carbohydrate chemical synthesis, bacterial glycomes have become increasingly attractive and accessible synthetic targets. Although bacteria also produce carbohydrate-containing secondary metabolites, our review here will cover recent chemical synthetic efforts on bacterial surface glycans. The obtained compounds are excellent candidates for the development of improved structurally defined glycoconjugate vaccines to combat bacterial infections. They are also important probes for investigating glycan-protein interactions. Glycosylation strategies applied for the formation of some challenging glycosidic bonds of various uncommon sugars in a number of recently synthesized bacterial surface glycans are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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46
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Tian G, Hu J, Qin C, Li L, Zou X, Cai J, Seeberger PH, Yin J. Chemical Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of
Helicobacter pylori
Serotype O6 Tridecasaccharide O‐Antigen Containing a
dd
‐Heptoglycan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13362-13370. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Lingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Juntao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
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47
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Tian G, Hu J, Qin C, Li L, Zou X, Cai J, Seeberger PH, Yin J. Chemical Synthesis and Immunological Evaluation of
Helicobacter pylori
Serotype O6 Tridecasaccharide O‐Antigen Containing a
dd
‐Heptoglycan. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Lingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Juntao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Lihu Avenue 1800 Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
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48
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Zhao M, Qin C, Li L, Xie H, Ma B, Zhou Z, Yin J, Hu J. Conjugation of Synthetic Trisaccharide of Staphylococcus aureus Type 8 Capsular Polysaccharide Elicits Antibodies Recognizing Intact Bacterium. Front Chem 2020; 8:258. [PMID: 32411658 PMCID: PMC7199654 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide range of life-threatening diseases. One of the powerful approaches for prevention and treatment is to develop an efficient vaccine as antibiotic resistance greatly increases. S. aureus type 8 capsular polysaccharide (CP8) has shown great potential in vaccine development. An understanding of the immunogenicity of CP8 trisaccharide repeating unit is valuable for epitope-focused vaccine design and cost-efficient vaccine production. We report the chemical synthesis of conjugation-ready CP8 trisaccharide 1 bearing an amine linker, which effectively served for immunological evaluation. The trisaccharide 1-CRM197 conjugate elicited a robust immunoglobulin G (IgG) immune response in mice. Both serum antibodies and prepared monoclonal antibodies recognized S. aureus strain, demonstrating that synthetic trisaccharide 1 can be an efficient antigen for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunjun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lingxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haotian Xie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Beining Ma
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ziru Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Ahadi S, Awan SI, Werz DB. Total Synthesis of Tri-, Hexa- and Heptasaccharidic Substructures of the O-Polysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O34. Chemistry 2020; 26:6264-6270. [PMID: 32092205 PMCID: PMC7318715 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A general and efficient strategy for synthesis of tri‐, hexa‐ and heptasaccharidic substructures of the lipopolysaccharide of Providencia rustigianii O34 is described. For the heptasaccharide seven different building blocks were employed. Special features of the structures are an α‐linked galactosamine and the two embedded α‐fucose units, which are either branched at positions‐3 and ‐4 or further linked at their 2‐position. Convergent strategies focused on [4+3], [3+4], and [4+2+1] couplings. Whereas the [4+3] and [3+4] coupling strategies failed the [4+2+1] strategy was successful. As monosaccharidic building blocks trichloroacetimidates and phosphates were employed. Global deprotection of the fully protected structures was achieved by Birch reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ahadi
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Shahid I Awan
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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50
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Ghotekar BK, Podilapu AR, Kulkarni SS. Total Synthesis of the Lipid-Anchor-Attached Core Trisaccharides of Lipoteichoic Acids of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus oralis Uo5. Org Lett 2020; 22:537-541. [PMID: 31887057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report an efficient total synthesis of lipid-anchor-appended core trisaccharides of lipoteichoic acids of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus oralis Uo5. The key features include the expedient synthesis of the rare sugar 2,4,6-trideoxy-2-acetamido-4-amino-d-Galp building block via one-pot sequential SN2 reactions and the α-selective coupling of d-thioglucoside with the diacyl glycerol acceptor to construct a common disaccharide acceptor, which was utilized in the total synthesis of target molecules 1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasaheb K Ghotekar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Ananda Rao Podilapu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Suvarn S Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Mumbai 400076 , India
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