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Ariyanta HA, Sari FP, Sohail A, Restu WK, Septiyanti M, Aryana N, Fatriasari W, Kumar A. Current roles of lignin for the agroindustry: Applications, challenges, and opportunities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124523. [PMID: 37080401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Lignin has the potential to be used as an additive, coating agent, fertilizer, plant growth stimulator, and packaging material in the agroindustry due to its functional aromatic structure. The quantitative measurement of functional groups is a significant element of the research for lignin structure since they directly impact their optical, dispersion, and chemical properties. These physical and chemical properties of lignin strongly depend on its type and source and its isolation procedure. Thus, lignin provides numerous opportunities for the circular economy in the agroindustry; however, studying and resolving the challenges associated with its separation, purification, and modification is required. This review discusses the most recent findings on lignin use in agroindustry and historical facts about lignin. The properties of lignin and its roles as coating agents, pesticide carriers, plant growth stimulators, and soil-improving agents have been summarized. The emerging challenges in the field of lignin-based agroindustry are considered, and potential future steps to overcome these challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harits Atika Ariyanta
- Research center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Gunadarma, Depok, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center of Biomass-Based Nano Cosmetic, in Collaboration with National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
| | - Fahriya Puspita Sari
- Research center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Asma Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Witta Kartika Restu
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center of Biomass-Based Nano Cosmetic, in Collaboration with National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
| | - Melati Septiyanti
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia.
| | - Nurhani Aryana
- Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, South Tangerang, Banten 15314, Indonesia.
| | - Widya Fatriasari
- Research center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl Raya Bogor KM 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center of Biomass-Based Nano Cosmetic, in Collaboration with National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO 80401, United States.
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Rao J, Chandrani AN, Powar A, Chandra S. Preparation of microcapsule suspension of herbicide oxyfluorfen polyurea and its effects on phytotoxicity on rice crop. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.1951285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayprakash Rao
- Indofil Industries Limited, Research and Development Lab., Thane, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Chemistry, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amar Nath Chandrani
- Indofil Industries Limited, Research and Development Lab., Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil Powar
- Indofil Industries Limited, Research and Development Lab., Thane, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudeshna Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to be) University, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabornie Chatterjee
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6210, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6210, United States
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Chowdhury MA. The controlled release of bioactive compounds from lignin and lignin-based biopolymer matrices. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:136-47. [PMID: 24418342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article presents the perspectives on the lignin-based controlled release (CR) of bioactive materials which are based on the researches that took place over the last three decades. It encompasses three broad spectra of observations: CR formulations with mixed-matrix of lignin; CR formulations with modified lignin; and the lignin-based CR formulation modelling. The article covers a range of bioactive materials aimed for agricultural utilisations viz. herbicides, pesticides, insecticides and fertilisers for their controlled release studies, which were formulated either with lignin or lignin-based biopolymers. The inherent complexities, structural heterogeneities, and the presence of myriad range of functionalities in the lignin structure make it difficult to understand and explaining the underlying CR behaviour and process. In conjunction to this issue, the fundamental aspects of the synthetic and biocompatible polymer-based drug controlled release process are presented, and correlated with the lignin-based CR research. The articulation of this correlation and the overview presented in this article may be complemented of the future lignin-based CR research gaining better insights, reflections, and understanding. A recommended approach on the lignin depolymerisation is suggested to fragmenting the lignin, which may be tailored further using the re-polymerisation or other synthetic approaches. Thus it may allow more control with flexibilities and improved properties of the modified lignin materials, and help achieve the desired CR outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Chowdhury
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Melbourne 3800, Australia.
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Saito T, Perkins JH, Vautard F, Meyer HM, Messman JM, Tolnai B, Naskar AK. Methanol fractionation of softwood Kraft lignin: impact on the lignin properties. CHEMSUSCHEM 2014; 7:221-228. [PMID: 24458739 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of technologies to tune lignin properties for high-performance lignin-based materials is crucial for the utilization of lignin in various applications. Here, the effect of methanol (MeOH) fractionation on the molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, glass transition temperature (Tg ), thermal decomposition, and chemical structure of lignin were investigated. Repeated MeOH fractionation of softwood Kraft lignin successfully removed the low-molecular-weight fraction. The separated high-molecular-weight lignin showed a Tg of 211 °C and a char yield of 47 %, much higher than those of as-received lignin (Tg 153 °C, char yield 41 %). The MeOH-soluble fraction of lignin showed an increased low-molecular-weight fraction and a lower Tg (117 °C) and char yield (32%). The amount of low-molecular-weight fraction showed a quantitative correlation with both 1/Tg and char yield in a linear regression. This study demonstrated the efficient purification or fractionation technology for lignin; it also established a theoretical and empirical correlation between the physical characteristics of fractionated lignins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN 37831-6210 (USA).
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Cota-Arriola O, Cortez-Rocha MO, Burgos-Hernández A, Ezquerra-Brauer JM, Plascencia-Jatomea M. Controlled release matrices and micro/nanoparticles of chitosan with antimicrobial potential: development of new strategies for microbial control in agriculture. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:1525-36. [PMID: 23512598 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The control of micro-organisms responsible for pre- and postharvest diseases of agricultural products, mainly viruses and fungi, is a problem that remains unresolved, together with the environmental impact of the excessive use of chemicals to tackle this problem. Current efforts are focused on the search for efficient alternatives for microbial control that will not result in damage to the environment or an imbalance in the existing biota. One alternative is the use of natural antimicrobial compounds such as chitosan, a linear cationic biopolymer, which is biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic, has filmogenic properties and is capable of forming matrices for the transport of active substances. The study of chitosan has attracted great interest owing to its ability to form complexes or matrices for the controlled release of active compounds such as micro- and nanoparticles, which, together with the biological properties of chitosan, has allowed a major breakthrough in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. Another important field of study is the development of chitosan-based matrices for the controlled release of active compounds in areas such as agriculture and food for the control of viruses, bacteria and fungi, which is one of the least exploited areas and holds much promise for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Cota-Arriola
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales s/n, Col. Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, CP 83000, Mexico
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Wang X, Zhao J. Encapsulation of the herbicide picloram by using polyelectrolyte biopolymers as layer-by-layer materials. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3789-3796. [PMID: 23544987 DOI: 10.1021/jf4004658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microcapsules of the herbicide picloram (PLR) were formulated by a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly method using the polyelectrolyte biopolymers of biocompatible chitosan (CS) and the UV-absorbent sodium lignosulfonate (SL) as shell materials. The herbicide PLR was recrystallized and characterized using XRD analysis. The obtained PLR-loaded microcapsules were characterized by using SEM, FTIR, CLSM, and ζ-potential measurements. The herbicide loading and encapsulation efficiency were also analyzed for the PLR-loaded microcapsules. The influence of LbL layer numbers on herbicide release and photodegradation rates was investigated in vitro. The results showed that the release rates and photodegradation rates of PLR in microcapsules decreased with increasing number of CS/SL self-assembly layers. The results demonstrated that polyelectrolyte biopolymer-based LbL multilayer microcapsules can be a promising approach for the controlled release of PLR as well as other pesticides with poor photostability or short half-release time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Saito T, Perkins JH, Jackson DC, Trammel NE, Hunt MA, Naskar AK. Development of lignin-based polyurethane thermoplastics. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44794d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Li MF, Sun SN, Xu F, Sun RC. Sequential solvent fractionation of heterogeneous bamboo organosolv lignin for value-added application. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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COSMO-RS Based Predictions for the Extraction of Lignin from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Ionic Liquids: Effect of Cation and Anion Combination. J SOLUTION CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-012-9887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sopeña F, Villaverde J, Maqueda C, Morillo E. Photostabilization of the herbicide norflurazon microencapsulated with ethylcellulose in the soil-water system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 195:298-305. [PMID: 21924830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ethylcellulose-microencapsulated formulations (ECFs) of norflurazon have been shown to reduce leaching, maintaining a threshold concentration in the topsoil than the commercial formulation (CF). Since photodegradation contributes to field dissipation of norflurazon, the objective of the present work was to study if such formulations can also protect from its photodescomposition. For this purpose, aqueous solutions of CF and ECFs, containing the most important soil components (goethite, humic and fulvic acids and montmorillonite) were tested. To get a more realistic approach, studies in soil were also performed. The results were well explained by a simple first order model. DT(50) value was 3h for CF under irradiation, which was considerably lower than those corresponding to the systems where ECF was used (35 h for ECF; 260 h for ECF-goethite; 53 h for ECF-humic acids; 33 h for ECF-montmorillonite; and 28 h for ECF-fulvic acids). ECF protected against photodegradation in both aqueous solution and soil due to the gradual release of the herbicide, which reduced the herbicide available to be photodegraded. These lab-scale findings proved that ECF could reduce the herbicide dosage, minimizing its photolysis, which would be especially advantageous during the first hours after foliar and soil application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Sopeña
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology (CSIC), Reina Mercedes 10, Apdo 1052, 41080 Seville, ES, Spain.
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Zhao J, Wilkins RM. Low molecular weight polylactic acid as a matrix for the delayed release of pesticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:4076-82. [PMID: 15884842 DOI: 10.1021/jf0480400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight polylactic acid (LMW PLA) was used as a matrix to formulate biodegradable matrix granules and films with bromacil using a melt process. The compatibility of the PLA with bromacil was evaluated. The release characteristics of the formulations were investigated in vitro. The degradation and erosion of the formulations were monitored by pH and gravimetric analysis during the course of release. Various granules and films had similar biphasic release patterns, a delayed release followed by an explosive release. The release rates were independent of bromacil content in the matrix, but varied with the geometry of matrices. The mechanisms of diffusion and erosion were involved in the release. The delayed release of the formulations was dominantly governed by the degradation and erosion of PLA. LMW PLA underwent bulk erosion. LMW PLA-based matrix formulations could thus be useful for the application of pesticides to sensitive targets such as seed treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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Sopeña F, Cabrera A, Maqueda C, Morillo E. Controlled release of the herbicide norflurazon into water from ethylcellulose formulations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:3540-3547. [PMID: 15853399 DOI: 10.1021/jf048007d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide norflurazon was encapsulated in ethylcellulose (EC(40)) microspheres by the solvent evaporation technique to obtain controlled release formulations. The kinetics of release of the active ingredient into the aqueous solution from different preparations was determined. It was found that the percentage release of the incorporated herbicide was a function of the composition and formation conditions of the formulations (amount of emulsifying agent, EC(40)/herbicide ratio, stirring speed, and percentage of pore-forming agent). The percentage of the herbicide release was related to the properties of the different microspheres obtained, such as particle size distribution, herbicide loading, or surface morphology. The release percentage depended inversely on the particle size of the microspheres and directly on the content of active ingredient and emulsifying and pore-forming agents. An empirical equation was used to fit the herbicide release data, indicating that the release of norflurazon from the various formulations is controlled by a diffusion mechanism. The time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released into water (T(50)) was calculated, showing a wide variation among the different preparations (0.95-16.4 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Sopeña
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (CSIC), Apdo. 1052, 41080 Sevilla, Spain
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Hatfaludi T, Liska M, Zellinger D, Ousman JP, Szostak M, Ambrus A, Jalava K, Lubitz W. Bacterial ghost technology for pesticide delivery. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2004; 52:5627-5634. [PMID: 15373403 DOI: 10.1021/jf049489w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial ghosts are nondenaturated empty cell envelopes of Gram-negative bacteria produced by E-mediated lysis. Such envelopes from the plant-adhering bacterium Pectobacterium cypripedii were tested for their ability to adhere to plant material and to be used as carriers for pesticide delivery. We show, using fluorescence-labeled P. cypripedii ghosts, that depending on the target plants 55 or 10% (rice or soya, respectively) of the applied bacterial ghosts was retained on the leaves after heavy simulated rain (84 mm). Furthermore, the bacterial ghosts could be loaded with the lipophilic triazole fungicide tebuconazole. In subsequent plant experiments in the glass house, the efficacy of the loaded bacterial ghost for resistance to rainfall and the protective and curative effects against the pathogens Erysiphe graminis, Leptosphaeria nodorum, and Pyrenophora teres on barley and wheat and against Sphaerotheca fuliginea on cucumber were tested. The bacterial ghosts were compared primarily with a commercial tebuconazole formulation, a wettable powder, as it has similar physical characteristics. The comparison revealed similar effects and showed consistently higher or comparable efficacy against the pathogens. The standard operational comparison with the most protective, cereal specific emulsion of oil in water displayed that the bacterial ghosts had equal to or lower efficacy than the emulsion. This study confirmed the potential of bacterial ghost platform technology as a new alternative carrier system for pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Hatfaludi
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Section Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Vienna, UZAII 2B522 Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Zhao J, Wilkins RM. Controlled release of the herbicide, fluometuron, from matrix granules based on fractionated organosolv lignins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:4023-4028. [PMID: 12822941 DOI: 10.1021/jf026092o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
An organosolv lignin and several of its fractions were used to prepare controlled release matrix granules with fluometuron using a melt process. Release profiles of fluometuron from these granules and a commercial granular formulation were studied in vitro. The release rates of fluometuron were considerably reduced from all lignin-based granules as compared to the commercial formulation. The release rates markedly varied with the lignin fraction used in the fluometuron-lignin matrix systems with the corresponding times for 50% release (T(50)) values ranging from 2.37 to 11.2 days. The variation in release rate of fluometuron was related to the high proportion of low molecular weight lignin and its associated water soluble lignin in the lignin-based granules, in terms of the hydrophobicity of matrix, the content, and release rate of soluble lignin. The release kinetics were fitted to the generalized model for up to 60% release of fluometuron; the kinetics of fluometuron were of the anomalous type for all matrixes in which release rates increased following a delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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