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Wang HR, Han SM, Wang DH, Zhao ZR, Ling H, Yu YN, Liu ZY, Gai YP, Ji XL. Unraveling the Contribution of MulSOS2 in Conferring Salinity Tolerance in Mulberry ( Morus atropurpurea Roxb). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3628. [PMID: 38612440 PMCID: PMC11012014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most serious threats to sustainable agriculture. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway plays an important role in salinity tolerance in plants, and the SOS2 gene plays a critical role in this pathway. Mulberry not only has important economic value but also is an important ecological tree species; however, the roles of the SOS2 gene associated with salt stress have not been reported in mulberry. To gain insight into the response of mulberry to salt stress, SOS2 (designated MulSOS2) was cloned from mulberry (Morus atropurpurea Roxb), and sequence analysis of the amino acids of MulSOS2 showed that it shares some conserved domains with its homologs from other plant species. Our data showed that the MulSOS2 gene was expressed at different levels in different tissues of mulberry, and its expression was induced substantially not only by NaCl but also by ABA. In addition, MulSOS2 was exogenously expressed in Arabidopsis, and the results showed that under salt stress, transgenic MulSOS2 plants accumulated more proline and less malondialdehyde than the wild-type plants and exhibited increased tolerance to salt stress. Moreover, the MulSOS2 gene was transiently overexpressed in mulberry leaves and stably overexpressed in the hairy roots, and similar results were obtained for resistance to salt stress in transgenic mulberry plants. Taken together, the results of this study are helpful to further explore the function of the MulSOS2 gene, which provides a valuable gene for the genetic breeding of salt tolerance in mulberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rui Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Mei Han
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Dong-Hao Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhen-Rui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Hui Ling
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Yun-Na Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Zhao-Yang Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
| | - Ying-Ping Gai
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Z.-R.Z.); (H.L.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Xian-Ling Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (H.-R.W.); (S.-M.H.); (D.-H.W.); (Z.-Y.L.)
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Santhosh M, Park T. Semi-enclosed paper sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of proline. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1231:340399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Hoermiller II, Funck D, Schönewolf L, May H, Heyer AG. Cytosolic proline is required for basal freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:147-155. [PMID: 34605046 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The amino acid proline accumulates in many plant species under abiotic stress conditions, and various protective functions have been proposed. During cold stress, however, proline content in Arabidopsis thaliana does not correlate with freezing tolerance. Freezing sensitivity of a starchless plastidic phosphoglucomutase mutant (pgm) indicated that localization of proline in the cytosol might stabilize the plasma membrane during freeze-thaw events. Here, we show that re-allocation of proline from cytosol to vacuole was similar in the pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase 2-1 (p5cs2-1) mutant and the pgm mutant and caused similar reduction of basal freezing tolerance. In contrast, the starch excess 1-1 mutant (sex1-1) had even lower freezing tolerance than pgm but did not affect sub-cellular localization of proline. Freezing sensitivity of sex1-1 mutants affected primarily the photosynthetic electron transport and was enhanced in a sex1-1::p5cs2-1 double mutant. These findings indicate that several independent factors determine basal freezing tolerance. In a pgm::p5cs2-1 double mutant, freezing sensitivity and proline allocation to the vacuole were the same as in the parental lines, indicating that the lack of cytosolic proline was the common cause of reduced basal freezing tolerance in both mutants. We conclude that cytosolic proline is an important factor in freezing tolerance of non-acclimated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke I Hoermiller
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials & Biomolecular Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Dietmar Funck
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Lilli Schönewolf
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials & Biomolecular Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Henrik May
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials & Biomolecular Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arnd G Heyer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Biomaterials & Biomolecular Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
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Abrão LCDC, Silveira AT, de Faria HD, Machado SC, Mendes TV, Plácido RV, Marciano LPDA, Martins I. Toxicological analyses: analytical method validation for prevention or diagnosis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 31:18-32. [PMID: 33081560 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1839612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The need for reliable results in Toxicological Analysis is recognized and required worldwide. The analytical validation ensures that a method will provide trustworthy information about a particular sample when applied in accordance with a predefined protocol, being able to determine a specific analyte at a distinct concentration range for a well-defined purpose. The driving force for developing method validation for bioanalytical projects comes from the regulatory agencies. Thus, the approach of this work is to present theoretical and practical aspects of method validation based on the analysis objective, whether for prevention or diagnosis. Although various legislative bodies accept differing interpretations of requirements for validation, the process for applying validation criteria should be adaptable for each scientific intent or analytical purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Thalison Silveira
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Henrique Dipe de Faria
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Simone Caetani Machado
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Tássia Venga Mendes
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Vicentino Plácido
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Isarita Martins
- Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Analysis, Federal University of Alfenas - Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil
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Argentel-Martínez L, Garatuza-Payan J, Yepez EA, Arredondo T, de Los Santos-Villalobos S. Water regime and osmotic adjustment under warming conditions on wheat in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7029. [PMID: 31223527 PMCID: PMC6570998 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of increased temperature on roots and leaf water and osmotic potential, osmotic adjustment (OA) and transpiration on Triticum durum L. (CIRNO C2008 variety) during growth (seedling growth), tillering and heading phenophases. Wheat was sown under field conditions at the Experimental Technology Transfer Center (CETT-910), as a representative wheat crop area from the Yaqui Valley, Sonora México. Thermal radiators were placed at 1.20 m from the crop canopy. Treatments included warmed plots (2 °C) and ambient canopy temperature with five replicates. Temperature treatment was controlled using a (proportional, integrative, derivative) feedback control system on plots covering a circular area of r = 1.5 m. Results indicated a significant decrease in the osmotic potential of roots and leaves for the warmed plots. Water potential, under warming treatment, also experienced a significant reduction and a potential gradient was observed in both, roots and leaves, while the phenophases were delayed. Such results demonstrate that, under warmer conditions, plants increase water absorption for cooling. Hence, transpiration experienced a significant increase under warming in all phenophases that was related to the low root and leaf water potential. CIRNO C2008 also experienced OA in all phenophases with glycine betaine as the osmolyte with major contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandris Argentel-Martínez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México.,Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico del Valle del Yaqui, Bacum, Sonora, Mexico
| | | | - Enrico A Yepez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Tulio Arredondo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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Prieto-Blanco MC, Jornet-Martinez N, Verdú-Andrés J, Molíns-Legua C, Campíns-Falcó P. Quantifying both ammonium and proline in wines and beer by using a PDMS composite for sensoring. Talanta 2019; 198:371-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Choi YS, Lee MR, Kim CS, Lee KH. Detection of proline using a novel paper-based analytical device for on-site diagnosis of drought stress in plants. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:045002. [PMID: 31042988 DOI: 10.1063/1.5055798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We developed and characterized a paper-based microfluidic sensor for the on-site diagnosis of drought stress in plants. Proline was used as a biomarker for analyzing drought stress, which was extracted by a colorimetric method using the proline-ninhydrin reaction. Paper was used as the main sensor material for the on-site detection of proline as it is easily transportable and cost-effective. The paper-based sensor was fabricated using wax-printing and origami methods, and the sensor was precoated with ninhydrin to allow for easy and convenient on-site use. Furthermore, a sample-to-ninhydrin ratio of 1:2 was found to confer optimal sensitivity to the drought diagnosis sensor. The concentration of proline in a sample was quantified by red-green-blue analysis to determine the change in green color intensity levels in response to distinct proline concentrations, which were detected by the sensor. The limit of detection of proline using the devised sensor was 657 µM, and the green color intensity level decreased with increasing proline concentration. In addition, the sensor was validated in an experimental drought stress model with Arabidopsis and subjected to drought stress for 21 days, and the amount of proline detected was 10 mM. The devised paper-based microfluidic sensor highlights the possibility of the on-site evaluation of drought stress in plants with potential to be utilized in various agricultural areas in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Soo Choi
- Agricultural Robotics and Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Mi Rha Lee
- Agricultural Robotics and Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Cheol Soo Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwan Lee
- Agricultural Robotics and Automation Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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Optimization of the ninhydrin reaction and development of a multiwell plate-based high-throughput proline detection assay. Anal Biochem 2018; 556:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Torres N, Antolín MC, Garmendia I, Goicoechea N. Nutritional properties of Tempranillo grapevine leaves are affected by clonal diversity, mycorrhizal symbiosis and air temperature regime. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:542-554. [PMID: 30098586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tempranillo grapevine is widely cultivated in Spain and other countries over the world (Portugal, USA, France, Australia, and Argentina, among others) for its wine, but leaves are scarcely used for human or animal nutrition. Since high temperatures affect quality of fruits and leaves in grapevine and the association of Tempranillo with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) enhances the antioxidant properties of berries and leaves, we assessed the effect of elevated air temperature and mycorrhization, separately or combined, on the nutritional properties of Tempranillo leaves at the time of fruit harvest. Experimental assay included three clones (CL-260, CL-1048, and CL-1089) and two temperature regimes (24/14 °C or 28/18 °C day/night) during fruit ripening. Within each clone and temperature regime there were plants not inoculated or inoculated with AMF. The nutritional value of leaves increased under warming climate: elevated temperatures induced the accumulation of minerals, especially in CL-1089; antioxidant capacity and soluble sugars also increased in CL-1089; CL-260 showed enhanced amounts of pigments, and chlorophylls and soluble proteins increased in CL-1048. Results suggested the possibility of collecting leaves together with fruit harvest with different applications of every clone: those from CL-1089 would be adequate for an energetic diet and leaves from CL-260 and CL-1048 would be suitable for culinary processes. Mycorrhization improved the nutritional value of leaves by enhancing flavonols in all clones, hydroxycinnamic acids in CL-1089 and carotenoids in CL-260.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareth Torres
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Unidad Asociada al CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Pamplona, Spain
| | - M Carmen Antolín
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Unidad Asociada al CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Idoia Garmendia
- Universidad de Alicante, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente, Alicante, Spain
| | - Nieves Goicoechea
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultades de Ciencias y Farmacia y Nutrición, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Unidad Asociada al CSIC (EEAD, Zaragoza, ICVV, Logroño), Pamplona, Spain.
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Dağdeviren S, Altunay N, Sayman Y, Gürkan R. A new method of UA_CPE coupled with spectrophotometry for the faster and cost-effective detection of proline in fruit juice, honey, and wine. Food Chem 2018; 255:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sánchez-Gómez R, Torregrosa L, Zalacain A, Ojeda H, Bouckenooghe V, Schneider R, Alonso GL, Salinas MR. The Microvine, a plant model to study the effect of vine-shoot extract on the accumulation of glycosylated aroma precursors in grapes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:3031-3040. [PMID: 29194640 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Microvine plant model displays unique reproductive organ behavior and is suitable for grapevine fruit physiological studies, allowing one to undertake studies up to five times more rapidly than the current situation with grapevines. Recently, vine-shoot aqueous extracts, which have an interesting phenolic and aroma composition, have been proposed as viticultural biostimulants, since their post-veraison foliar application to grapevines impacts the wine aroma profile. Using Microvines, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of vine-shoot extract foliar application on 21 stages of grape development. The application was carried out from BBCH 53 (inflorescences clearly visible) to BBCH 85 (softening of berries) to reveal stage-specific responses of the accumulation of glycosylated aroma precursors at BBCH 89 (berries ripe for harvest), the phenological stage selected to study the treatment effect. RESULTS Microvine use made it possible to carry out 15 sampling time points during 86 days of the experiment, which were established by the cumulative degree days (CDD) parameter. The results confirmed that vine-shoot extract treatment had a positive impact on total glycosylated compounds, especially aglycones such as alcohols, terpenes and C13 -norisoprenoids, with a higher effect when the treatment was applied during ripening. CONCLUSION Extrapolation of the results to grapevines suggests that vine-shoot extract treatment could modulate the synthesis of grape glycosylated aroma precursors. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Sánchez-Gómez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Agrónomos y Montes, Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Albacete, Spain
| | - Laurent Torregrosa
- Montpellier SupAgro, UMT Genovigne, Montpellier, France
- INRA, UE0999, Unité Expérimentale de Pech Rouge, Gruissan, France
| | - Amaya Zalacain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Agrónomos y Montes, Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Albacete, Spain
| | - Hernán Ojeda
- INRA, UE0999, Unité Expérimentale de Pech Rouge, Gruissan, France
| | - Virginie Bouckenooghe
- Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Pôle Rhône-Méditerranée, Montpellier, France
| | - Rémi Schneider
- Oenobrands, Parc Scientifique Agropolis II, Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
| | - Gonzalo L Alonso
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Agrónomos y Montes, Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Albacete, Spain
| | - María Rosario Salinas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, ETSI Agrónomos y Montes, Cátedra de Química Agrícola, Albacete, Spain
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Shabnam N, Tripathi I, Sharmila P, Pardha-Saradhi P. A rapid, ideal, and eco-friendlier protocol for quantifying proline. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:1577-1582. [PMID: 26573534 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0910-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Proline, a stress marker, is routinely quantified by a protocol that essentially uses hazardous toluene. Negative impacts of toluene on human health prompted us to develop a reliable alternate protocol for proline quantification. Absorbance of the proline-ninhydrin condensation product formed by reaction of proline with ninhydrin at 100 °C in the reaction mixture was significantly higher than that recorded after its transfer to toluene, revealing that toluene lowers sensitivity of this assay. λ max of the proline-ninhydrin complex in the reaction mixture and toluene were 508 and 513 nm, respectively. Ninhydrin in glacial acetic acid yielded higher quantity of the proline-ninhydrin condensation product compared to ninhydrin in mixture of glacial acetic acid and H3PO4, indicating negative impact of H3PO4 on proline quantification. Further, maximum yield of the proline-ninhydrin complex with ninhydrin in glacial acetic acid and ninhydrin in mixture of glacial acetic acid and H3PO4 was achieved within 30 and 60 min, respectively. This revealed that H3PO4 has negative impact on the reaction rate and quantity of the proline-ninhydrin complex formed. In brief, our proline quantification protocol involves reaction of a 1-ml proline sample with 2 ml of 1.25 % ninhydrin in glacial acetic acid at 100 °C for 30 min, followed by recording absorbance of the proline-ninhydrin condensation product in the reaction mixture itself at 508 nm. Amongst proline quantification protocols known till date, our protocol is the most simple, rapid, reliable, cost-effective, and eco-friendlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Shabnam
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Indu Tripathi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - P Sharmila
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - P Pardha-Saradhi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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