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Nezbedova L, McGhie T, Christensen M, Heyes J, Nasef NA, Mehta S. Onco-Preventive and Chemo-Protective Effects of Apple Bioactive Compounds. Nutrients 2021; 13:4025. [PMID: 34836282 PMCID: PMC8618396 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. Epidemiological studies have strongly linked a diet high in fruits to a lower incidence of cancer. Furthermore, extensive research shows that secondary plant metabolites known as phytochemicals, which are commonly found in fruits, have onco-preventive and chemo-protective effects. Apple is a commonly consumed fruit worldwide that is available all year round and is a rich source of phytochemicals. In this review, we summarize the association of apple consumption with cancer incidence based on findings from epidemiological and cohort studies. We further provide a comprehensive review of the main phytochemical patterns observed in apples and their bioavailability after consumption. Finally, we report on the latest findings from in vitro and in vivo studies highlighting some of the key molecular mechanisms targeted by apple phytochemicals in relation to inhibiting multiple 'hallmarks of cancer' that are important in the progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Nezbedova
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (L.N.); (J.H.)
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Tony McGhie
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Mark Christensen
- Heritage Food Crops Research Trust, Whanganui 4501, New Zealand;
| | - Julian Heyes
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (L.N.); (J.H.)
| | - Noha Ahmed Nasef
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Sunali Mehta
- Pathology Department, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Biodiscovery, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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A novel nonapeptide SSDAFFPFR from Antarctic krill exerts a protective effect on PC12 cells through the BCL-XL/Bax/Caspase-3/p53 signaling pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Malus domestica: A Review on Nutritional Features, Chemical Composition, Traditional and Medicinal Value. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111408. [PMID: 33105724 PMCID: PMC7690411 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Fruit-derived bioactive substances have been spotlighted as a regulator against various diseases due to their fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. Among the most frequently consumed fruits, apple is a rich source of nutritional molecules and contains high levels of bioactive compounds. The main structural classes of apple constituents include polyphenols, polysaccharides (pectin), phytosterols, and pentacyclic triterpenes. Also, vitamins and trace elements complete the nutritional features of apple fruit. There is now considerable scientific evidence that these bioactive substances present in apple and peel have the potential to improve human health, for example contributing to preventing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammation, and cancer. This review will focus on the current knowledge of bioactive substances in apple and their medicinal value for human health.
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Weixin L, Lixia M, Leiyan W, Yuxiao Z, Haifeng Z, Sentai L. Effects of silkworm pupa protein hydrolysates on mitochondrial substructure and metabolism in gastric cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 22:387-392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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Wang H, Liu J, Liu Z. Effect of enzymatic digestion, chemical and boiled water extraction techniques on apparent antioxidant bioactivities of apple peel. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-0010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Liu J, Wang Y, Liu RH, He X. Novel triterpenoids isolated from raisins exert potent antiproliferative activities by targeting mitochondrial and Ras/Raf/ERK signaling in human breast cancer cells. Food Funct 2018; 7:3244-51. [PMID: 27359376 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00768f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking and brewing. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of raisins was used to determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents. Seven triterpenoids, including three novel triterpenoids, were isolated and identified. The novel triterpenoids were elucidated to be 3β,13β-dihydroxy-12,13-dihydrooleanolic acid (1), 3β,12β,13β-trihydroxy-12,13-dihydrooleanolic acid (2, TOA), and 3β,13β-dihydroxy-12,13-dihydroursolic acid (7), respectively. TOA showed the highest antiproliferative activity against MCF-7/DOX cells, with an EC50 value of 3.60 ± 0.55 μM. Compounds 1, 3 and 7 also exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against MCF-7/DOX cells, with an EC50 value of 7.10 ± 0.65, 10.22 ± 0.90 and 8.91 ± 1.12 μM. Compounds 1 and 2 also exhibited potent antioxidant activities. Moreover, the detailed cytotoxic mechanisms of TOA were investigated by targeting the mitochondrial and protein tyrosine kinase signaling (Ras/Raf/ERK). The results strongly demonstrated that the novel triterpenoids isolated from raisins could be promising candidates for therapy of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yihai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, USA
| | - Xiangjiu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China. and Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7201, USA
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An apple a day to prevent cancer formation: Reducing cancer risk with flavonoids. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:119-124. [PMID: 28911529 PMCID: PMC9333417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to update and discuss key findings from in vitro and in vivo studies on apple and its biocompounds, with a special focus on its anticancer role. Several studies have proposed that apple and its extracts exhibit a variety of biological functions that may contribute to health benefits including beneficial effects against chronic heart and vascular disorders, respiratory and pulmonary dysfunction, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism(s) of various components in apple, as established in previous studies that indicated their growth-inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types. Moreover, an attempt is made to delineate the direction of future studies that could lead to the development of apple components as a potent chemo-preventive/chemotherapeutic agent against cancer.
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Hyun TK, Jang KI. Apple as a source of dietary phytonutrients: an update on the potential health benefits of apple. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:565-569. [PMID: 28096786 PMCID: PMC5225682 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Il Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Zhang HR, Huang KB, Chen ZF, Liu YC, Liu YN, Meng T, Qin QP, Zou BQ, Liang H. Cobalt(ii) 8-hydroxyquinoline complexes: structure, cytotoxicity and action mechanism. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three cobalt(ii) complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as ligands were synthesized. They exhibited strong proliferation inhibition activity against T-24 cancer cells, which induced cancer cell apoptosis via intrinsic caspase-mitochondria pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
| | - Ke-Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - You-Nian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
| | - Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - Bi-Qun Zou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin
- PR China
| | - Hong Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha
- PR China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
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Li WJ, Nie SP, Yao YF, Liu XZ, Shao DY, Gong DM, Cui SW, Phillips GO, He M, Xie MY. Ganoderma atrum Polysaccharide Ameliorates Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Cell Death via a Mitochondria-ROS Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8182-8191. [PMID: 26323486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the role of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitochondrial function in hyperglycemia-induced angiopathy. In this work, ROS scavenger, oxidizing agent tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBH), mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) blockers, and caspase inhibition are used to investigate whether PSG-1 may promote survival of human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) through preventing the overproduction of ROS and mitochondrial dysfunction. Experimental results show that exposure of HUVECs to 35.5 mmol/L glucose increases the proportion of cells undergoing apoptosis. PSG-1, mPTP blocker, or caspase inhibition can reduce apoptosis and ROS generation. PSG-1 also increases mitochondrial Bcl-2 protein formation and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) but inhibits Bax translocation, cytochrome c release, and caspase activation. In summary, vascular protection of PSG-1 can be mediated by a mitochondria-ROS pathway. ROS generation and mPTP induction are critical for high glucose-mediated apoptosis. PSG-1 ameliorates endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yu-Fei Yao
- China People's Liberation Army No. 94 Hospital, No. 1028, Jinggangshan Avenue, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Deng-Yin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - De-Ming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland , Auckland, Private Bag 92019, New Zealand
| | - Steve W Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Guelph Food Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 5C9
| | - Glyn O Phillips
- Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre, Glyndwr University , Wrexham, LL11 2AW Wales, U.K
| | - Ming He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
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