1
|
Wen H, Cao W, Liu Y, Wang L, Chen P, Tang Y. Metal-Free [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Ynamide-Nitriles with Ynamides: A Highly Regio- and Chemoselective Synthesis of δ-Carboline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:13308-13324. [PMID: 30353730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of functionalized ynamide-nitriles with ynamides is disclosed which offers highly efficient access to polysubstituted δ-carboline derivatives under the mediation of TfOH. This strategy is highly regioselective and chemoselective and displays mild conditions, high yields, and efficiency (within 1 min) in addition to substrates scopes (56 examples).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Yushan Road , Qingdao , 266003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Yushan Road , Qingdao , 266003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Yushan Road , Qingdao , 266003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Yushan Road , Qingdao , 266003 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy , Ocean University of China , Yushan Road , Qingdao , 266003 , People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vilahur G, Cubedo J, Padró T, Casaní L, Juan-Babot O, Crespo J, Bendjama K, Lawton M, Badimon L. Roflumilast-induced Local Vascular Injury Is Associated with a Coordinated Proteome and Microparticle Change in the Systemic Circulation in Pigs. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 43:569-80. [PMID: 25311372 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314551971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) is commonly associated with phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors. Despite histological characterization, qualified biomarkers for DIVI detection are lacking. We investigated whether a single administration of roflumilast (PDE-IV inhibitor) induces vascular damage and identified novel surrogate biomarkers of acute vascular injury. Pigs received postoperative 250, 375, or 500 μg of roflumilast or placebo/control. After 1.5 hr, coronary reactivity was determined by catheter-based administration of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the coronary sinus. Immunohistochemical analysis of vessel integrity (von Willebrand factor [vWF]) and fibrin(ogen) deposition was performed in the coronary artery and aorta. Peripheral blood was collected for differential proteomics and microparticles analysis. Circulating interleukin (IL)-6 was analyzed. Roflumilast-treated animals displayed higher vasodilation to acetylcholine and SNP versus controls (p < .05). Roflumilast-treated animals showed a dose-dependent (p < .05) decrease in vessel integrity and dose-dependent increase in fibrin deposition forming a continuous layer at roflumilast-500 μg. Peripheral blood of roflumilast-500-μg-treated animals showed increased levels of total and endothelial-derived microparticles and exhibited a coordinated change in proteins kininogen-1, endothelin-1, gelsolin, apolipoprotein A-I, and apolipoprotein-J associated with vascular injury (p < .05 vs. controls). IL-6 remained unaltered. Roflumilast-induced vascular injury can be detected by novel markers in peripheral blood. Validation of these surrogate markers in human samples seems required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cubedo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casaní
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Juan-Babot
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Michael Lawton
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tobin GAM, Zhang J, Goodwin D, Stewart S, Xu L, Knapton A, González C, Bancos S, Zhang L, Lawton MP, Enerson BE, Weaver JL. The role of eNOS phosphorylation in causing drug-induced vascular injury. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 42:709-24. [PMID: 24705881 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314522885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Previously we found that regulation of eNOS is an important part of the pathogenic process of Drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) for PDE4i. The aims of the current study were to examine the phosphorylation of eNOS in mesentery versus aorta at known regulatory sites across DIVI-inducing drug classes and to compare changes across species. We found that phosphorylation at S615 in rats was elevated 35-fold 2 hr after the last dose of CI-1044 in mesentery versus 3-fold in aorta. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that many of the upstream regulators of eNOS activation were associated with eNOS in 1 or more signalosome complexes. Next rats were treated with drugs from 4 other classes known to cause DIVI. Each drug was given alone and in combination with SIN-1 (NO donor) or L-NAME (eNOS inhibitor), and the level of eNOS phosphorylation in mesentery and aorta tissue was correlated with the extent of vascular injury and measured serum nitrite. Drugs or combinations produced altered serum nitrite levels as well as vascular injury score in the mesentery. The results suggested that phosphorylation of S615 may be associated with DIVI activity. Studies with the species-specific A2A adenosine agonist CI-947 in rats versus primates showed a similar pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grainne A McMahon Tobin
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - David Goodwin
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharron Stewart
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Alan Knapton
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlos González
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Simona Bancos
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Leshuai Zhang
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA Department of Anatomy & Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Michael P Lawton
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bradley E Enerson
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - James L Weaver
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, CDER, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Clarysse L, Guéguinou M, Potier-Cartereau M, Vandecasteele G, Bougnoux P, Chevalier S, Chantôme A, Vandier C. cAMP-PKA inhibition of SK3 channel reduced both Ca2+ entry and cancer cell migration by regulation of SK3-Orai1 complex. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:1921-32. [PMID: 24458591 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-013-1435-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
SK3 channel mediates the migration of various cancer cells. When expressed in breast cancer cells, SK3 channel forms a complex with Orai1, a voltage-independent Ca(2+) channel. This SK3-Orai1 complex associates within lipid rafts where it controls a constitutive Ca(2+) entry leading to cancer cell migration and bone metastases development. Since cAMP was found to modulate breast cancer cell migration, we hypothesized that this could be explained by a modulation of SK3 channel activity. Herein, we study the regulation of SK3 channel by the cAMP-PKA pathway and the consequences for SK3-dependent Ca(2+) entry and cancer cell migration. We established that the beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, isoprenaline, or the direct adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin alone or in combination with the PDE4 inhibitor, CI-1044, decreased SK3 channel activity without modifying the expression of SK3 protein at the plasma membrane. Forskolin and CI-1044 reduced the SK3-dependent constitutive Ca(2+) entry and the SK3-dependent migration of MDA-MB-435s cells. PKA inhibition with KT 5720 reduced: (1) the effect of forskolin and CI-1044 by 50 % on Ca(2+) entry and (2) SK3 activity by inhibiting the serine phosphorylation of SK3. These cAMP-elevating agents displaced Orai1 protein outside lipid rafts in contrast to SK3, which remained in the lipid rafts fractions. All together, these results show that activation of the cAMP-PKA pathway decreases SK3 channel and SK3-Orai1 complex activities, leading to a decrease in both Ca(2+) entry and cancer cell migration. This work supports the potential use of cAMP-elevating agents to reduce cancer cell migration and may provide novel opportunities to address/prevent bone metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Clarysse
- Inserm, UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Tours, 37032, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Badland M, Devillers I, Durand C, Fasquelle V, Gaudillière B, Jacobelli H, Manage AC, Pevet I, Puaud J, Shorter AJ, Wrigglesworth R. Preparation of azaindolines and benzoyl substituted azaindolines: precursors of triazabenzo[cd]azulen-9-one PDE4 inhibitors. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
6
|
Bihel FJJ, Justiniano H, Schmitt M, Hellal M, Ibrahim MA, Lugnier C, Bourguignon JJ. New PDE4 inhibitors based on pharmacophoric similarity between papaverine and tofisopam. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6567-72. [PMID: 21920746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacophoric comparison between papaverine and tofisopam led to identify three new series of micro- to sub-micromolar inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4, including 7,8-dialkoxy-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one derivatives, 7,8-dialkoxy-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one derivatives, and dialkoxybenzophenone derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric J J Bihel
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR 7200, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sheth CM, Enerson BE, Peters D, Lawton MP, Weaver JL. Effects of Modulating In Vivo Nitric Oxide Production on the Incidence and Severity of PDE4 Inhibitor–Induced Vascular Injury in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Toxicol Sci 2011; 122:7-15. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
8
|
Chen S, Xia Z, Nagai M, Lu R, Kostik E, Przewloka T, Song M, Chimmanamada D, James D, Zhang S, Jiang J, Ono M, Koya K, Sun L. Novel indolizine compounds as potent inhibitors of phosphodiesterase IV (PDE4): structure–activity relationship. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
9
|
Pruniaux MP, Lagente V, Ouaged M, Bertin B, Moreau F, Julien-Larose C, Rocher MN, Leportier C, Martin B, Bouget A, Dubuit JP, Burnouf C, Doherty AM, Bertrand CP. Relationship between phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibition and anti-inflammatory activity of CI-1044 in rat airways. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2010; 24:73-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2009.00725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
10
|
Korkmaz S, Maupoil V, Sobry C, Brunet C, Chevalier S, Freslon JL. An Increased Regional Blood Flow Precedes Mesenteric Inflammation in Rats Treated by a Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor. Toxicol Sci 2008; 107:298-305. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfn218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
|
11
|
Kodimuthali A, Jabaris SSL, Pal M. Recent advances on phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Med Chem 2008; 51:5471-89. [PMID: 18686943 DOI: 10.1021/jm800582j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Kodimuthali
- New Drug Discovery, R & D Center, Matrix Laboratories Limited, Anrich Industrial Estate, Bollaram, Jinnaram Mandal, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, 502 325, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Halpin DMG. ABCD of the phosphodiesterase family: interaction and differential activity in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2008; 3:543-61. [PMID: 19281073 PMCID: PMC2650605 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s1761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are important enzymes that hydrolyze the cyclic nucleotides adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) to their inactive 5' monophosphates. They are highly conserved across species and as well as their role in signal termination, they also have a vital role in intra-cellular localization of cyclic nucleotide signaling and integration of the cyclic nucleotide pathways with other signaling pathways. Because of their pivotal role in intracellular signaling, they are now of considerable interest as therapeutic targets in a wide variety diseases, including COPD where PDE inhibitors may have bronchodilator, anti-inflammatory and pulmonary vasodilator actions. This review examines the diversity and cellular localization of the isoforms of PDE, the known and speculative relevance of this to the treatment of COPD, and the range of PDE inhibitors in development together with a discussion of their possible role in treating COPD.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fan Chung K. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in airways disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 533:110-7. [PMID: 16458289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases hydrolyse intracellular cyclic nucleotides, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) into inactive 5' monophosphates, and exist as 11 families. They are found in a variety of inflammatory and structural cells. Inhibitors of PDEs allow the elevation of cAMP and cGMP which lead to a variety of cellular effects including airway smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of cellular inflammation or of immune responses. PDE4 inhibitors specifically prevent the hydrolysis of cAMP, and PDE4 isozymes are present in inflammatory cells. Selective PDE4 inhibitors have broad spectrum anti-inflammatory effects such as inhibition of cell trafficking, cytokine and chemokine release from inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages and T cells. The second generation PDE4 inhibitors, cilomilast and roflumilast, have reached clinical trial stage and have some demonstrable beneficial effects in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effectiveness of these PDE4 inhibitors may be limited by their clinical potency using doses that have minimal effects on nausea and vomiting. Topical administration of PDE4 inhibitors may provide a wider effective to side-effect profile. Development of inhibitors of other PDE classes, combined with PDE4 inhibition, may be another way forward. PDE5 is an inactivator of cGMP and may have beneficial effects on hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodelling. PDE3 and PDE7 are other cAMP specific inactivators of cAMP. PDE7 is involved in T cell activation and a dual PDE4-PDE7 inhibitor may be more effective in asthma and COPD. A dual PDE3-PDE4 compound may provide more bronchodilator and bronchoprotective effect in addition to the beneficial PDE4 effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Dovehouse St., London SW3, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Selective optimization of side activities of drug molecules (the SOSA approach) is an intelligent and potentially more efficient strategy than HTS for the generation of new biological activities. Only a limited number of highly diverse drug molecules are screened, for which bioavailability and toxicity studies have already been performed and efficacy in humans has been confirmed. Once the screening has generated a hit it will be used as the starting point for a drug discovery program. Using traditional medicinal chemistry as well as parallel synthesis, the initial 'side activity' is transformed into the 'main activity' and, conversely, the initial 'main activity' is significantly reduced or abolished. This strategy has a high probability of yielding safe, bioavailable, original and patentable analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille G Wermuth
- Prestwick Chemical, Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fogassy E, Nógrádi M, Kozma D, Egri G, Pálovics E, Kiss V. Optical resolution methods. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:3011-30. [PMID: 16886066 DOI: 10.1039/b603058k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite the large number of elaborate enantioselective syntheses for the preparation of a single enantiomer to achieve industrial and scientific goals, the separation and purification of enantiomers (components of racemic compounds) is also necessary. Hence, we present the most often used thought-provoking modern methods based on momentous recognitions (e.g. spontaneous resolution, induced crystallization, resolution by formation of diastereomers, resolution by formation of non-covalent diastereomers, resolution by diastereomeric salt formation, resolution by diastereomeric complex formation, "half equivalent" methods of resolution, separation by crystallization, separation by distillation, separation by supercritical fluid extraction, resolution with mixtures of resolving agents, resolution with a derivative of the target compound, enantioselective chromatography, resolution by formation of covalent diastereomers, resolution by substrate selective reaction, kinetic resolution without enzymes, kinetic resolution by enzyme catalysis, hydrolytic and redox enzymes, kinetic and thermodynamic control, resolutions combined with 2nd order asymmetric transformations, enrichment of partially resolved mixtures, role of the solvent and methods of optimization in the separation of diastereoisomers, non-linear effects and selected examples of resolution on an industrial scale).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elemér Fogassy
- Institute of Organic Chemical Technology, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, POB 91, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lagente V, Martin-Chouly C, Boichot E, Martins MA, Silva PMR. Selective PDE4 inhibitors as potent anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of airway diseases. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2005; 100 Suppl 1:131-6. [PMID: 15962112 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762005000900023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are responsible for the breakdown of intracellular cyclic nucleotides, from which PDE4 are the major cyclic AMP metabolizing isoenzymes found in inflammatory and immune cells. This generated greatest interest on PDE4 as a potential target to treat lung inflammatory diseases. For example, cigarette smoke-induced neutrophilia in BAL was dose and time dependently reduced by cilomilast. Beside the undesired side effects associated with the first generation of PDE4 inhibitors, the second generation of selective inhibitors such as cilomilast and roflumilast showed clinical efficacy in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases trials, thus re-enhancing the interest on these classes of compounds. However, the ability of PDE4 inhibitors to prevent or modulate the airway remodelling remains relatively unexplored. We demonstrated that selective PDE4 inhibitor RP 73-401 reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity and TGF-beta1 release during LPS-induced lung injury in mice and that CI-1044 inhibited the production of MMP-1 and MMP-2 from human lung fibroblasts stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Since inflammatory diseases of the bronchial airways are associated with destruction of normal tissue structure, our data suggest a therapeutic benefit for PDE4 inhibitors in tissue remodelling associated with chronic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lagente
- INSERM U620, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Rennes, 35043 Rennes, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanz MJ, Cortijo J, Morcillo EJ. PDE4 inhibitors as new anti-inflammatory drugs: effects on cell trafficking and cell adhesion molecules expression. Pharmacol Ther 2005; 106:269-97. [PMID: 15922015 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) is a major cyclic AMP-hydrolyzing enzyme in inflammatory and immunomodulatory cells. The wide range of inflammatory mechanisms under control by PDE4 points to this isoenzyme as an attractive target for new anti-inflammatory drugs. Selective inhibitors of PDE4 have demonstrated a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory activities including the inhibition of cellular trafficking and microvascular leakage, cytokine and chemokine release from inflammatory cells, reactive oxygen species production, and cell adhesion molecule expression in a variety of in vitro and in vivo experimental models. The initially detected side effects, mainly nausea and emesis, appear at least partially overcome by the 'second generation' PDE4 inhibitors, some of which like roflumilast and cilomilast are in the later stages of clinical development for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These new drugs may also offer opportunities for treatment of other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, E-46010 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Norman P. PDE4 inhibitors 2001. Patent and literature activity 2000 - September 2001. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.12.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
19
|
Gratteri P, Bonaccini C, Melani F. Searching for a Reliable Orientation of Ligands in Their Binding Site: Comparison between a Structure-Based (Glide) and a Ligand-Based (FIGO) Approach in the Case Study of PDE4 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2005; 48:1657-65. [PMID: 15743207 DOI: 10.1021/jm049289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Two 3D QSAR Grid/Golpe models, differing in the alignment criterion of the studied phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors, were compared. The docking-guided alignment, obtained by exploiting the known 3D structure of the PDE4, was used to test and validate the field-fit alignment solution proposed by FIGO procedure. The analysis of the direct (docking) and indirect (FIGO) superposition methodologies occurs through the comparison of the respective PLS coefficient maps. The inclusion in the FIGO algorithm of factors related to the hydrophobicity and shape of the molecules leads to promising results, making the new FIGO algorithm a valid alternative in the molecule overlay, particularly when the 3D structure of the target is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gratteri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Florence, via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
McKenna SD, Pietropaolo M, Tos EG, Clark A, Fischer D, Kagan D, Bao B, Chedrese PJ, Palmer S. Pharmacological inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 triggers ovulation in follicle-stimulating hormone-primed rats. Endocrinology 2005; 146:208-14. [PMID: 15448112 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a family of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to render them biologically inactive. As such, these enzymes are critical regulators of signal transduction pathways that use cyclic nucleotides as second messengers. PDE4 is one such member that has been identified in ovarian tissue and purported to have a role in the regulation of gonadotropin action. In the present study, selective PDE4 inhibitors enhanced intracellular signaling in a human LH receptor-expressing granulosa cell line. In vivo, PDE4 inhibition in FSH-primed rats resulted in ovulation, indicating that the PDE4 inhibitors can substitute for LH and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in this process. Moreover, when coadministered with a subeffective dose of hCG, PDE4 inhibitors acted synergistically to enhance the ovulation response. Inhibitors of PDE3 or PDE5 had no ovulatory effect under similar conditions. Oocytes that were ovulated after PDE4 inhibition could be fertilized in vitro at a rate similar to that of oocytes from hCG-induced ovulation. Moreover, such oocytes were fully capable of being fertilized in vivo and developing into normal live pups. These results indicate that small molecule PDE4 inhibitors may be orally active alternatives to hCG as part of a fertility treatment regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean D McKenna
- Serono Reproductive Biology Institute, Rockland, Massachusetts 02370, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ouagued M, Martin-Chouly CAE, Brinchault G, Leportier-Comoy C, Depincé A, Bertrand C, Lagente V, Belleguic C, Pruniaux MP. The novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, CI-1044, inhibits LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in whole blood from COPD patients. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2004; 18:49-54. [PMID: 15607127 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2004.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2004] [Revised: 07/27/2004] [Accepted: 09/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, progressive respiratory disease that causes great morbidity and mortality despite treatment. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a central role as a pro-inflammatory cytokine in COPD. TNF-alpha release is markedly inhibited by phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) inhibitors that have proven efficacious in COPD clinical trials. The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro activities of the novel selective PDE4 inhibitors CI-1044 compared to well-known PDE4 inhibitors, rolipram and cilomilast, and to the glucocorticoid dexamethasone at reducing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-alpha release in whole blood from COPD patients and healthy subjects. In the whole blood from COPD patients pre-incubation with PDE4 inhibitors or dexamethasone resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha release with IC(50) values of 1.3+/-0.7, 2.8+/-0.9 microM, higher to 10 microM and lesser than 0.03 microM for CI-1044, rolipram, cilomilast and dexamethasone, respectively. We observed a similar inhibition in the whole blood from healthy volunteers with, however, higher IC(50) values. These results indicate that CI-1044 inhibits in vitro LPS-induced TNF-alpha release in whole blood from COPD patients better than rolipram and cilomilast and suggested that it could be a useful anti-inflammatory therapy in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ouagued
- PFIZER Global Research and Development, Fresnes Laboratories, Fresnes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Martin-Chouly CAE, Astier A, Jacob C, Pruniaux MP, Bertrand C, Lagente V. Modulation of matrix metalloproteinase production from human lung fibroblasts by type 4 phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Life Sci 2004; 75:823-40. [PMID: 15183075 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2003] [Accepted: 01/12/2004] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Over-expression of matrix metalloproteinases by lung fibroblasts has been blamed for much of the tissue destruction associated with airway inflammation. Because cyclic AMP is known to regulate fibroblast proliferation, as well as cytokine and extracellular matrix protein production, the current study was designed to evaluate the ability of three selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitors, rolipram, cilomilast and CI-1044, to inhibit extracellular matrix degradation. Using zymography and ELISA, we found that pro-MMP-2 release was enhanced following 24 h treatment of human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) with TGF-beta1 (10 ng/ml) or TNF-alpha (10 ng/ml), whereas PMA (0.02 microM) had no effect. One hour of pre-incubation with PDE4 inhibitors (10 microM) induced an inhibition of TNF-alpha-stimulated pro-MMP-2 release. Zymography and immunoblotting revealed that fibroblasts cultured with PMA or TNF-alpha released increased amounts of pro-MMP-1, whereas TGF-beta1 had no effect. Incubation with CI-1044 or cilomilast significantly prevented the TNF-alpha increase in pro-MMP-1. These results suggest that PDE4 inhibitors are effective in inhibiting the pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-1 secretion induced by TNF-alpha and might underline a potential therapeutic benefit of selective PDE4 inhibitors in lung diseases associated with abnormal tissue remodelling.
Collapse
|
23
|
Devillers I, Pevet I, Jacobelli H, Durand C, Fasquelle V, Puaud J, Gaudillière B, Idrissi M, Moreau F, Wrigglesworth R. New substituted triaza-benzo[cd]azulen-9-ones as promising phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:3303-6. [PMID: 15149695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2003] [Revised: 03/23/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Devillers
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Fresnes Laboratories, 3-9 Rue de la Loge, F-94265 Fresnes Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen X, Zhan CG. Fundamental Reaction Pathways and Free-Energy Barriers for Ester Hydrolysis of Intracellular Second-Messenger 3‘,5‘-Cyclic Nucleotide. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0371635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 907 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Chang-Guo Zhan
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 907 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Grootendorst DC, Rabe KF. Selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 2:61-7. [PMID: 11964752 DOI: 10.1097/00130832-200202000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase type 4 plays an important role in modulating the activity of cells that are involved in the inflammatory processes occurring in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. During the past decade, interest has focused on the development of selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4, in an attempt to generate new treatment modalities that control airway inflammation not only in patients with asthma but also in those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of the present review is to discuss the results of recent clinical intervention studies with phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors in patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Grootendorst
- Department of Pulmonology C2-P, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Ducrot P, Andrianjara CR, Wrigglesworth R. CoMFA and CoMSIA 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship model on benzodiazepine derivatives, inhibitors of phosphodiesterase IV. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2001; 15:767-85. [PMID: 11776290 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013104713913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported structurally novel PDE4 inhibitors based on 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives. The main interest in developing bezodiazepine-based PDE4 inhibitors is in their lack of adverse effects of emesis with respect to rolipram-like compounds. A large effort has thus been made toward the structural optimization of this series. In the absence of structural information on the inhibitor binding mode into the PDE4 active site, 2D-QSAR (H-QSAR) and two 3D-QSAR (CoMFA and CoMSIA) methods were applied to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism controlling the PDE4 affinity of the benzodiazepine derivatives. As expected, the CoMSIA 3D contour maps have provided more information on the benzodiazepine interaction mode with the PDE4 active site whereas CoMFA has built the best tool for activity prediction. The 2D pharmacophoric model derived from CoMSIA fields is consistent with the crystal structure of the PDE4 active site reported recently. The combination of the 2D and 3D-QSAR models was used not only to predict new compounds from the structural optimization process, but also to screen a large library of bezodiazepine derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ducrot
- Pfizer Global Research and Development, Fresnes Laboratories, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
A number of highly potent PDE4 inhibitors are being developed for the treatment of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease. Cilomilast (Ariflo, SB 207499, SmithKline Beecham), the most advanced member of the class in Phase III clinical trials, was reported to have a limited therapeutic window. Other inhibitors with improved profiles in preclinical models are entering into (or are in) clinical trials. The recent developments in understanding PDE4 catalysis, inhibitor binding and their emetic response should facilitate the design of the next generation of PDE4 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Huang
- Merck Frosst Centre for Therapeutic Research, PO Box 1005, Pointe Claire, Dorval, Quebec, H9R 4P8, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Langston S, Tranter D. Monitor: molecules and profiles. Drug Discov Today 2001; 6:488-489. [PMID: 11344035 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(01)01756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monitor provides an insight into the latest developments in drug discovery through brief synopses of recent presentations and publications together with expert commentaries on the latest technologies. There are two sections: Molecules summarizes the chemistry and the pharmacological significance and biological relevance of new molecules reported in the literature and on the conference scene; Profiles offers commentary on promising lines of research, emerging molecular targets, novel technology, advances in synthetic and separation techniques and legislative issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Langston
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Merrifield Centre, Rosemary Lane, CB1 3LQ, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chapter 5. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(01)36045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|