1
|
Hajizadeh M, Moosavi-Movahedi Z, Sheibani N, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. An outlook on suicide enzyme inhibition and drug design. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 19. [PMCID: PMC8501922 DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02416-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
There have been recent renewed interests in the importance of suicide enzyme inhibition. The principal objective of this review is to investigate all types of suicide inhibitions for natural enzymes, artificial biocatalysts as well as therapeutic potential of enzyme suicide inhibition. It is discussed the suicide inhibition beneficial in drug design and treatments and non-beneficial achievements for some industrial enzymes such as HRP peroxidase enzyme. The design of biomimetic artificial enzymes explained to prevent inhibition by protecting the active site via environmental conditions. Suicide enzyme inhibition development can be the key mechanism against sever diseases such as SARS. In this report, suicide enzyme inactivation classes are classified based on target enzyme groups via their substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Hajizadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Phosphonopeptide Derivatives Incorporating Single and Dual Inhibitors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071557. [PMID: 32231126 PMCID: PMC7180716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In diagnostic microbiology, culture media are widely used for detection of pathogenic bacteria. Such media employ various ingredients to optimize detection of specific pathogens such as chromogenic enzyme substrates and selective inhibitors to reduce the presence of commensal bacteria. Despite this, it is rarely possible to inhibit the growth of all commensal bacteria, and thus pathogens can be overgrown and remain undetected. One approach to attempt to remedy this is the use of “suicide substrates” that can target specific bacterial enzymes and selectively inhibit unwanted bacterial species. With the purpose of identifying novel selective inhibitors, six novel phosphonopeptide derivatives based on d/l-fosfalin and β-chloro-l-alanine were synthesized and tested on 19 different strains of clinically relevant bacteria. Several compounds show potential as useful selective agents that could be exploited in the recovery of several bacterial pathogens including Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Listeria.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fichtner M, Voigt K, Schuster S. The tip and hidden part of the iceberg: Proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic aliphatic amino acids. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:3258-3269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
4
|
ROUX PIERRE, BLANOT DIDIER, MENGIN-LECREULX DOMINIQUE, HEIJENOORT JEAN. Peptides containing 2-aminopimelic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1991.tb00089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Barreteau H, Kovac A, Boniface A, Sova M, Gobec S, Blanot D. Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2008; 32:168-207. [PMID: 18266853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 479] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan is a complex process that involves enzyme reactions that take place in the cytoplasm (synthesis of the nucleotide precursors) and on the inner side (synthesis of lipid-linked intermediates) and outer side (polymerization reactions) of the cytoplasmic membrane. This review deals with the cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, which can be divided into four sets of reactions that lead to the syntheses of (1) UDP-N-acetylglucosamine from fructose 6-phosphate, (2) UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, (3) UDP-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide from UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid and (4) D-glutamic acid and dipeptide D-alanyl-D-alanine. Recent data concerning the different enzymes involved are presented. Moreover, special attention is given to (1) the chemical and enzymatic synthesis of the nucleotide precursor substrates that are not commercially available and (2) the search for specific inhibitors that could act as antibacterial compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Barreteau
- Laboratoire des Enveloppes Bactériennes et Antibiotiques, Institut de Biochimie et Biophysique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Univ Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Charton M. The Quantitative Description of Amino Acid, Peptide, and Protein Properties and Bioactivities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470171974.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
|
7
|
|
8
|
|
9
|
Liger D, Masson A, Blanot D, van Heijenoort J, Parquet C. Over-production, purification and properties of the uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanine ligase from Escherichia coli. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1995; 230:80-7. [PMID: 7601127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.0080i.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The UDP-N-acetylmuramate:L-alanine ligase of Escherichia coli was over-produced in strains harbouring recombinant plasmids bearing the murC gene under the control of the lac or trc promoter. Plasmid pAM1005, in which the promoter and ribosome-binding site region of murC were removed and in which the gene was directly under the control of promoter trc, led to a 2000-fold amplification of the L-alanine-adding activity after induction by isopropyl-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The murC gene product was visualized as a 50-kDa protein accounting for approximately 50% of the cell protein. A two-step purification led to 1 g of a homogeneous protein from an 18-1 culture. The N-terminal sequence of the purified protein correlated with the nucleotide sequence of the murC gene. The presence of 2-mercaptoethanol and glycerol was essential for the stability of the enzyme. The Km values for UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid, L-alanine and ATP/Mg2+ were estimated at 100, 20 and 450 microM, respectively. Under the optimal in vitro conditions a turnover number of 928 min-1 was calculated and a copy number/cell of 600 could be roughly estimated. The specificity of the enzyme for its substrates was investigated with various analogues. The enzyme also catalysed the reverse reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Liger
- Unité de Recherche Associée 1131 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- J W Payne
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zboińska E, Lejczak B, Kafarski P. Antibacterial activity of phosphono peptides based on 4-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1993; 108:225-30. [PMID: 8098002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphono dipeptides based on 4-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (phosphonic acid analogue of glutamic acid, GluP) were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activity. Dipeptides containing N-terminal alanine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine or lysine showed marked antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, whilst those containing alanine, leucine, valine or proline were active against Serratia marcescens. AlaGluP and LeuGluP were nearly equipotent with the respective dipeptides based on 1-aminoethylphosphonic acid (phosphonic acid analogue of alanine). The structure-activity relationship, i.e. dependence of the activity of phosphono dipeptides on the nature of their N-terminal component, indicated that transport of the peptide through the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane constitutes a crucial step in its antibacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Zboińska
- Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tower PA, Johnson LL, Ferro AJ, Fitchen JH, Riscoe MK. Synergistic activity of 5-trifluoromethylthioribose and inhibitors of methionine synthesis against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35:1557-61. [PMID: 1929327 PMCID: PMC245218 DOI: 10.1128/aac.35.8.1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Methylthioribose (MTR) is an intermediate in the methionine recycling pathway of organisms containing the enzyme MTR kinase. Analogs of MTR have been proposed as a new class of antimicrobial agents because of their ability to perturb the growth of MTR kinase-containing pathogens through inhibition of methionine salvage or by conversion to toxic products. One such analog, 5-trifluoromethylthioribose (TFMTR), has demonstrated potent inhibitory effects on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae (A. G. Gianotti, P. A. Tower, J. H. Sheley, P. A. Conte, C. Spiro, J. H. Fitchen, and M. K. Riscoe, J. Biol. Chem. 265:831-837, 1990). Although the mode of action of TFMTR has yet to be determined, it is believed that the drug is converted to the toxic products trifluoromethionine or carbonothioic difluoride via MTR kinase and the methionine recycling pathway. On the basis of this assumption, we theorized that blocking de novo methionine synthesis would increase dependence on the methionine salvage pathway and lead to an increased rate of synthesis of toxic metabolites from TFMTR. In this report, we show that three separate inhibitors of de novo methionine synthesis (1,2,4-triazole, azaserine, and propargylglycine) act synergistically with TFMTR in inhibiting the growth of K. pneumoniae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P A Tower
- Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liger D, Blanot D, Heijenoort J. Effect of various alanine analogues on the l-alanine-adding enzyme fromEscherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1991.tb04645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
14
|
Willisch H, Hiller W, Hemmasi B, Bayer E. Synthesis, properties and crystal structure of the tripeptide boc-L-prolyl-L-propargylglycyl-glycine methylester. Tetrahedron 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
15
|
Zboińska E, Sztajer H, Lejczak B, Kafarski P. Antibacterial activity of phosphono dipeptides based on 1-amino-1-methylethanephosphonic acid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1990; 58:23-8. [PMID: 2204574 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphono dipeptides containing 1-amino-1-methylethanephosphonic acid (phosphonic acid analogue of alpha-methylalanine, MeAlaP) and glycine, alanine, valine, leucine phenylalanine, proline, methionine or lysine as N- terminal component were synthesized in order to determine their antibacterial properties. Peptides containing alanine, leucine, valine phenylalanine and methionine showed marked in vitro activity, especially against Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens strains. There were, however, generally less potent than the respective phosphono dipeptides based on 1-aminoethanephosphonic acid (phosphonic acid analogue of alanine, AlaP). The possible mechanism of action of the peptides of MeAlaP involves their active transport into the bacterial cell, followed by intracellular release of MeAlaP, which most likely inhibits alanine racemase, a key enzyme in peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Studies on the uptake of AlaMeAlaP and LeuMeAlaP by Escherichia coli mutants defective in the oligopeptide permease suggest that these peptides are not transported by the oligopeptide transport system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Zboińska
- Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Technical University of Wrocław, Poland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Goon DJW, Elberling JA, Demaster EG, Nagasawa HT. Synthesis of [14C]-pargyline {N-methyl-N-([1-14C]-propargyl)benzylamine} with the radioactive label on the propargyl group. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580280211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
17
|
Patchett AA, Taub D, Weissberger B, Valiant ME, Gadebusch H, Thornberry NA, Bull HG. Antibacterial activities of fluorovinyl- and chlorovinylglycine and several derived dipeptides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1988; 32:319-23. [PMID: 3284459 PMCID: PMC172167 DOI: 10.1128/aac.32.3.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro antibacterial activities of several halovinylglycine compounds and their L-norvalyl peptide derivatives are presented. The most potent of them, L-norvalyl-L-chlorovinylglycine, displayed good activity against gram-positive organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus species. Chlorovinylglycine is an efficient inhibitor of alanine racemase, but the antibacterial activity of L-norvalyl-L-chlorovinylglycine may involve other physiological targets as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Patchett
- Merck, Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mobashery S, Johnston M. Inactivation of alanine racemase by beta-chloro-L-alanine released enzymatically from amino acid and peptide C10-esters of deacetylcephalothin. Biochemistry 1987; 26:5878-84. [PMID: 3118951 DOI: 10.1021/bi00392a045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of a set of amino acid and peptidyl C10-esters of deacetylcephalothin (1-5) have been examined with purified enzymes in vitro. Each of the compounds examined is a substrate for the Escherichia coli TEM-2 beta-lactamase, and enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the lactam bond gives release of an amino acid or a peptidyl fragment from a cephem nucleus. 7 beta-(2-Thienylacetamido)-3-[[(beta-chloro-L-alanyl)oxy]methyl]-3- cephem-4-carboxylate (4) gives time-dependent inactivation of E. coli JSR-O alanine racemase in a process that requires beta-lactamase for the initial liberation of beta-chloro-L-alanine from the cephalosporin. Alanine racemase is similarly inactivated by 7 beta-(2-thienylacetamido)-3-[[[(beta-chloro-L-alanyl)-beta-chloro- L- alanyl]oxy]methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (1), but this inhibition requires the sequential action of both beta-lactamase and alanine aminopeptidase. Analysis of the enzymatic transformations of 7 beta-(2-thienylacetamido)-3-[[[(beta-chloro-L-alanyl)-L- alanyl]oxy]methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (3), monitored by high-field 1H NMR, reveals that (1) beta-lactamase releases the dipeptide beta-chloro-L-alanyl-L-alanine from 3 and (2) leucine aminopeptidase effects stoichiometric hydrolysis of the dipeptide to beta-chloro-L-alanine and L-alanine. These biochemical findings are discussed with reference to the mechanism of antibacterial action of 1 against beta-lactamase-producing, penicillin-resistant microorganisms [Mobashery, S., Lerner, S. A., & Johnston, M. (1986) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 108, 1685].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry, Searle Chemistry Laboratory, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Boisvert W, Cheung KS, Lerner SA, Johnston M. Mechanisms of action of chloroalanyl antibacterial peptides. Identification of the intracellular enzymes inactivated on treatment of Escherichia coli JSR-O with the dipeptide beta Cl-LAla-beta Cl-LAla. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)57484-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
20
|
Mobashery S, Johnston M. Reactions of Escherichia coli TEM beta-lactamase with cephalothin and with C10-dipeptidyl cephalosporin esters. J Biol Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)57485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|