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Saha M, Mandal S, Sarkar S, Biswas A, Ghati A, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Saha NC. Anticancer, antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities of a new pyrazole containing thiosemicarbazone ligand and its Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and X-ray crystallography. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 257:112577. [PMID: 38714060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
A new pyrazole based thiosemicarbazone ligand, 5-methyl-3-formylpyrazole-N(4)-isopropylthiosemicarbazone, (HMPzNHPri) (compound I), and its cobalt(III) and nickel(II) complexes, [Co(MPzNHPri)2]Cl (compound II) and [Ni(HMPzNHPri)2]Br2 (compound III), respectively, have been synthesized and characterized through various physico-chemical and spectroscopic studies. Both the reported Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes are cationic in nature and behave as 1:1 and 1:2 electrolytes in MeOH, respectively. Electronic spectral features of the complexes have classified them as distorted octahedral ones. IR spectral data (4000-450 cm-1) have suggested a monoprotic tridentate (NNS) function of compound I coordinating to the Co(III) ion via the pyrazolyl (tertiary) ring nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and thiolato sulphur atom; while for compound III, compound I has been found to act as neutral NNS tridentate one, coordinating to Ni(II) via the pyrazolyl iminic nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and thioketo sulphur. Structural features of all the compounds are confirmed by the single crystal X-ray data. All the compounds reported here have been found to exhibit significant photocatalytic activity towards degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under UV radiation. Anticancer activity of all the three compounds against cancer cell lines (HeLa and A549) and a normal cell line (HEK293) have been investigated. Compound II has been found to be more efficient against the human cervical cancer cell (HeLa) and the lung cancer cell (A549) than compounds I and III. The ligand and both the complexes display potential activities against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis MTCC 7193) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli MTCC 1610).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Saha
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, 741235 Nadia, West Bengal, India; Government General Degree College, Chapra, Sikra, Padmamala, 741123 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman Mandal
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, 741235 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Solanki Sarkar
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, 741235 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Arunima Biswas
- Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, 741235 Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Amit Ghati
- Department of Microbiology, Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College, 700120, West Bengal, India
| | - David B Cordes
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Nitis Chandra Saha
- Inorganic Chemistry Section, Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, 741235 Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Parvez A, Lee JS, Alam W, Tayara H, Chong KT. Integrated Computational Approaches for Drug Design Targeting Cruzipain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3747. [PMID: 38612558 PMCID: PMC11011879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cruzipain inhibitors are required after medications to treat Chagas disease because of the need for safer, more effective treatments. Trypanosoma cruzi is the source of cruzipain, a crucial cysteine protease that has driven interest in using computational methods to create more effective inhibitors. We employed a 3D-QSAR model, using a dataset of 36 known inhibitors, and a pharmacophore model to identify potential inhibitors for cruzipain. We also built a deep learning model using the Deep purpose library, trained on 204 active compounds, and validated it with a specific test set. During a comprehensive screening of the Drug Bank database of 8533 molecules, pharmacophore and deep learning models identified 1012 and 340 drug-like molecules, respectively. These molecules were further evaluated through molecular docking, followed by induced-fit docking. Ultimately, molecular dynamics simulation was performed for the final potent inhibitors that exhibited strong binding interactions. These results present four novel cruzipain inhibitors that can inhibit the cruzipain protein of T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Parvez
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (W.A.)
| | - Jeong-Sang Lee
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, College of Medical Sciences, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea;
| | - Waleed Alam
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (W.A.)
| | - Hilal Tayara
- School of International Engineering and Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil To Chong
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (A.P.); (W.A.)
- Advances Electronics and Information Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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3
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Prates JLB, Lopes JR, Chin CM, Ferreira EI, Dos Santos JL, Scarim CB. Discovery of Novel Inhibitors of Cruzain Cysteine Protease of Trypanosoma cruzi. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2285-2308. [PMID: 37888814 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673254864230921090519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) is a parasitic disease endemic in several developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 6-8 million people worldwide are inflicted by CD. The scarcity of new drugs, mainly for the chronic phase, is the main reason for treatment limitation in CD. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new targets for which new therapeutical agents could be developed. Cruzain cysteine protease (CCP) is a promising alternative because this enzyme exhibits pleiotropic effects by acting as a virulence factor, modulating host immune cells, and interacting with host cells. This systematic review was conducted to discover new compounds that act as cruzain inhibitors, and their effects in vitro were studied through enzymatic assays and molecular docking. Additionally, the advances and perspectives of these inhibitors are discussed. These findings are expected to contribute to medicinal chemistry in view of the design of new, safe, and efficacious inhibitors against Trypanosoma cruzi CCP detected in the last decade (2013-2022) to provide scaffolds for further optimization, aiming toward the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Lucas Bruno Prates
- Department of Drugs and Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Chemistry Institute Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Romano Lopes
- Department of Drugs and Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Chung Man Chin
- Department of Drugs and Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Union of the Colleges of the Great Lakes (UNILAGO), School of Medicine, Advanced Research Center in Medicine, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Igne Ferreira
- LAPEN-Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutic Agents Potentially Active on Neglected Diseases, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- Department of Drugs and Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
- Chemistry Institute Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil
| | - Cauê Benito Scarim
- Department of Drugs and Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Asif M, Almehmadi M, Alsaiari AA, Allahyani M. Diverse Pharmacological Potential of different Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:858-888. [PMID: 37861007 DOI: 10.2174/0115701794260444230925095804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds has been a topic of research interest. Some five-membered heterocyclic compounds have been the subject of extensive research due to their different types of pharmacological effects. The five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives have a lot of interest in the fields of medical and agricultural chemistry due to their diverse spectrum of therapeutic activities. Various substituted pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone compounds exhibited diverse pharmacological effects like Anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, diuretic, anti-depressant, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antidiabetic, and antiviral, etc. In recent decades, the synthesis of numerous pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives by different synthetic methods as well as research into their chemical and biological behavior have become more important. This review focuses on synthetic methods of the pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives, which have significant biological properties and a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Asif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Era College of Pharmacy, Era University, Lucknow, 226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahad Amer Alsaiari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh Allahyani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Rostán S, Porto S, Barbosa CLN, Assis D, Alvarez N, Machado FS, Mahler G, Otero L. A novel palladium complex with a coumarin-thiosemicarbazone hybrid ligand inhibits Trypanosoma cruzi release from host cells and lowers the parasitemia in vivo. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:711-723. [PMID: 37768364 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-023-02020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two analogous coumarin-thio and semicarbazone hybrid compounds were prepared and evaluated as a potential antichagasic agents. Furthermore, palladium and platinum complexes with the thiosemicarbazone derivative as ligand (L1) were obtained in order to establish the effect of metal complexation on the antiparasitic activity. All compounds were fully characterized both in solution and in solid state including the resolution of the crystal structure of the palladium complex by X-ray diffraction methods. Unexpectedly, all experimental and theoretical characterizations in the solid state, demonstrated that the obtained palladium and platinum complexes are structurally different: [PdCl(L1)] and [PtCl2(HL1)]. All the studied compounds lower the proliferation of the amastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi while some of them also have an effect on the trypomastigote stage. Additionally, the compounds inhibit T. cruzi release from host cells in variable extents. The Pd compound presented a remarkable profile in all the in vitro experiments, and it showed no toxicity for mammalian cells in the assayed concentrations. In this sense, in vivo experiments were performed for this compound using an acute model of Chagas disease. Results showed that the complex significantly lowered the parasite count in the mice blood with no significant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rostán
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Área Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Samuel Porto
- Laboratorio de Inmunorregulación y Enfermedades Infecciosas (LIDIN), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Cesar L N Barbosa
- Laboratorio de Inmunorregulación y Enfermedades Infecciosas (LIDIN), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Diego Assis
- Laboratorio de Inmunorregulación y Enfermedades Infecciosas (LIDIN), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Natalia Alvarez
- Área Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Laboratorio de Inmunorregulación y Enfermedades Infecciosas (LIDIN), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Graciela Mahler
- Laboratorio de Química Farmacéutica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Otero
- Área Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Santos LH, Rocha REO, Dias DL, Ribeiro BMRM, Serafim MSM, Abrahão JS, Ferreira RS. Evaluating Known Zika Virus NS2B-NS3 Protease Inhibitor Scaffolds via In Silico Screening and Biochemical Assays. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1319. [PMID: 37765127 PMCID: PMC10537087 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The NS2B-NS3 protease (NS2B-NS3pro) is regarded as an interesting molecular target for drug design, discovery, and development because of its essential role in the Zika virus (ZIKV) cycle. Although no NS2B-NS3pro inhibitors have reached clinical trials, the employment of drug-like scaffolds can facilitate the screening process for new compounds. In this study, we performed a combination of ligand-based and structure-based in silico methods targeting two known non-peptide small-molecule scaffolds with micromolar inhibitory activity against ZIKV NS2B-NS3pro by a virtual screening (VS) of promising compounds. Based on these two scaffolds, we selected 13 compounds from an initial library of 509 compounds from ZINC15's similarity search. These compounds exhibited structural modifications that are distinct from previously known compounds yet keep pertinent features for binding. Despite promising outcomes from molecular docking and initial enzymatic assays against NS2B-NS3pro, confirmatory assays with a counter-screening enzyme revealed an artifactual inhibition of the assessed compounds. However, we report two compounds, 9 and 11, that exhibited antiviral properties at a concentration of 50 μM in cellular-based assays. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the ongoing research on anti-ZIKV compounds to facilitate and improve the development of new inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucianna H. Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael E. O. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Diego L. Dias
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil (M.S.M.S.)
| | - Beatriz M. R. M. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Mateus Sá M. Serafim
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil (M.S.M.S.)
| | - Jônatas S. Abrahão
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil (M.S.M.S.)
| | - Rafaela S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
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Boatner LM, Palafox MF, Schweppe DK, Backus KM. CysDB: a human cysteine database based on experimental quantitative chemoproteomics. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:683-698.e3. [PMID: 37119813 PMCID: PMC10510411 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine chemoproteomics provides proteome-wide portraits of the ligandability or potential "druggability" for thousands of cysteine residues. Consequently, these studies are facilitating resources for closing the druggability gap, namely, achieving pharmacological manipulation of ∼96% of the human proteome that remains untargeted by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved small molecules. Recent interactive datasets have enabled users to interface more readily with cysteine chemoproteomics datasets. However, these resources remain limited to single studies and therefore do not provide a mechanism to perform cross-study analyses. Here we report CysDB as a curated community-wide repository of human cysteine chemoproteomics data derived from nine high-coverage studies. CysDB is publicly available at https://backuslab.shinyapps.io/cysdb/ and features measures of identification for 62,888 cysteines (24% of the cysteinome), as well as annotations of functionality, druggability, disease relevance, genetic variation, and structural features. Most importantly, we have designed CysDB to incorporate new datasets to further support the continued growth of the druggable cysteinome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Boatner
- Biological Chemistry Department, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria F Palafox
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Devin K Schweppe
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98185, USA
| | - Keriann M Backus
- Biological Chemistry Department, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; DOE Institute for Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Maltarollo VG, da Silva EB, Kronenberger T, Sena Andrade MM, de Lima Marques GV, Cândido Oliveira NJ, Santos LH, Oliveira Rezende Júnior CD, Cassiano Martinho AC, Skinner D, Fajtová P, M Fernandes TH, Silveira Dos Santos ED, Rodrigues Gazolla PA, Martins de Souza AP, da Silva ML, Dos Santos FS, Lavorato SN, Oliveira Bretas AC, Carvalho DT, Franco LL, Luedtke S, Giardini MA, Poso A, Dias LC, Podust LM, Alves RJ, McKerrow J, Andrade SF, Teixeira RR, Siqueira-Neto JL, O'Donoghue A, de Oliveira RB, Ferreira RS. Structure-based discovery of thiosemicarbazones as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:959-985. [PMID: 37435731 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Discovery of novel SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors using a structure-based drug discovery strategy. Materials & methods: Virtual screening employing covalent and noncovalent docking was performed to discover Mpro inhibitors, which were subsequently evaluated in biochemical and cellular assays. Results: 91 virtual hits were selected for biochemical assays, and four were confirmed as reversible inhibitors of SARS CoV-2 Mpro with IC50 values of 0.4-3 μM. They were also shown to inhibit SARS-CoV-1 Mpro and human cathepsin L. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated the stability of the Mpro inhibitor complexes and the interaction of ligands at the subsites. Conclusion: This approach led to the discovery of novel thiosemicarbazones as potent SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Gonçalves Maltarollo
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Elany Barbosa da Silva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Thales Kronenberger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Marina Mol Sena Andrade
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Gabriel V de Lima Marques
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nereu J Cândido Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lucianna H Santos
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Celso de Oliveira Rezende Júnior
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ana C Cassiano Martinho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Danielle Skinner
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Pavla Fajtová
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Thaís H M Fernandes
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Synthesis Group (PHARSG), Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
| | - Eduardo da Silveira Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Synthesis Group (PHARSG), Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
| | - Poliana A Rodrigues Gazolla
- Grupo de Síntese e Pesquisa de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ana P Martins de Souza
- Grupo de Síntese e Pesquisa de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Milene Lopes da Silva
- Grupo de Síntese e Pesquisa de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Fabíola S Dos Santos
- Grupo de Síntese e Pesquisa de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Stefânia N Lavorato
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
- Centro das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, Bahia, 47810-047, Brazil
| | - Ana C Oliveira Bretas
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Diogo Teixeira Carvalho
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lopardi Franco
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Luedtke
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Miriam A Giardini
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Antti Poso
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) 'Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies', University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Luiz C Dias
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa M Podust
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Ricardo J Alves
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - James McKerrow
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Saulo F Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Synthesis Group (PHARSG), Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90160-093, Brazil
| | - Róbson R Teixeira
- Grupo de Síntese e Pesquisa de Compostos Bioativos (GSPCB), Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Jair L Siqueira-Neto
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Anthony O'Donoghue
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0657, USA
| | - Renata B de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
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9
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Jasinski G, Salas-Sarduy E, Vega D, Fabian L, Florencia Martini M, Moglioni AG. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel thiosemicarbazones as cruzipain inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 254:115345. [PMID: 37054562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on the activity of 23 TSCs on CZ taken from the literature, we have developed a QSAR model for predicting the activity of TSCs. New TSCs were designed and then tested against CZP, resulting in inhibitors with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. The modelling of the corresponding TSC-CZ complexes by molecular docking and QM/QM ONIOM refinement indicates a binding mode compatible with what was expected for active TSCs, according to a geometry-based theoretical model previously developed by our research group. Kinetic experiments on CZP suggest that the new TSCs act by a mechanism that involves the formation of a reversible covalent adduct with slow association and dissociation kinetics. These results demonstrate the strong inhibitory effect of the new TSCs and the benefit of the combined use of QSAR and molecular modelling techniques in the design of new and potent CZ/CZP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Jasinski
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Buenos Aires, C1113AAD, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
| | - Emir Salas-Sarduy
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde" (IIBIO), CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, 1650, Argentina; Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnología (EByN), Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), San Martín, Buenos Aires, 1650, Argentina
| | - Daniel Vega
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, GIyA, CAC, CNEA, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, San Martín, Buenos Aires, B1650KNA, Argentina
| | - Lucas Fabian
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
| | - M Florencia Martini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Buenos Aires, C1113AAD, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina
| | - Albertina G Moglioni
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Buenos Aires, C1113AAD, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, 1113, Argentina.
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10
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Martins LC, de Oliveira RB, Lameira J, Ferreira RS. Experimental and Computational Study of Aryl-thiosemicarbazones Inhibiting Cruzain Reveals Reversible Inhibition and a Stepwise Mechanism. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:1506-1520. [PMID: 36802548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is a parasite that infects about 6-7 million people worldwide, mostly in Latin America, causing Chagas disease. Cruzain, the main cysteine protease of T. cruzi, is a validated target for developing drug candidates for Chagas disease. Thiosemicarbazones are one of the most relevant warheads used in covalent inhibitors targeting cruzain. Despite its relevance, the mechanism of inhibition of cruzain by thiosemicarbazones is unknown. Here, we combined experiments and simulations to unveil the covalent inhibition mechanism of cruzain by a thiosemicarbazone-based inhibitor (compound 1). Additionally, we studied a semicarbazone (compound 2), which is structurally similar to compound 1 but does not inhibit cruzain. Assays confirmed the reversibility of inhibition by compound 1 and suggested a two-step mechanism of inhibition. The Ki was estimated to be 36.3 μM and Ki* to be 11.5 μM, suggesting the pre-covalent complex to be relevant for inhibition. Molecular dynamics simulations of compounds 1 and 2 with cruzain were used to propose putative binding modes for the ligands. One-dimensional (1D) quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) potential of mean force (PMF) and gas-phase energies showed that the attack of Cys25-S- on the C═S or C═O bond yields a more stable intermediate than the attack on the C═N bond of the thiosemicarbazone/semicarbazone. Two-dimensional (2D) QM/MM PMF revealed a putative reaction mechanism for compound 1, involving the proton transfer to the ligand, followed by the Cys25-S- attack at C═S. The ΔG and energy barrier were estimated to be -1.4 and 11.7 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, our results shed light on the inhibition mechanism of cruzain by thiosemicarbazones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Carvalho Martins
- Molecular Modeling and Drug Design Laboratory, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Barbosa de Oliveira
- Pharmaceutical Products Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jerônimo Lameira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, 66075-110 Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Salgado Ferreira
- Molecular Modeling and Drug Design Laboratory, Institute for Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 6627, Antônio Carlos Avenue, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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11
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Synthesis, characterization, antioxidant and antiparasitic activities new naphthyl-thiazole derivatives. Exp Parasitol 2023; 248:108498. [PMID: 36907541 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 13 thiosemicarbazones (1a - m) and 16 thiazoles (2a - p) were obtained, which were properly characterized by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. The pharmacokinetic properties obtained in silico revealed that the derivatives are in accordance with the parameters established by lipinski and veber, showing that such compounds have good bioavailability or permeability when administered orally. In assays of antioxidant activity, thiosemicarbazones showed moderate to high antioxidant potential when compared to thiazoles. In addition, they were able to interact with albumin and DNA. Screening assays to assess the toxicity of compounds to mammalian cells revealed that thiosemicarbazones were less toxic when compared to thiazoles. In relation to in vitro antiparasitic activity, thiosemicarbazones and thiazoles showed cytotoxic potential against the parasites Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. Among the compounds, 1b, 1j and 2l stood out, showing inhibition potential for the amastigote forms of the two parasites. As for the in vitro antimalarial activity, thiosemicarbazones did not inhibit Plasmodium falciparum growth. In contrast, thiazoles promoted growth inhibition. This study shows in a preliminary way that the synthesized compounds have antiparasitic potential in vitro.
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12
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Screening the Pathogen Box to Discover and Characterize New Cruzain and TbrCatL Inhibitors. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020251. [PMID: 36839523 PMCID: PMC9967275 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei, respectively, pose relevant health challenges throughout the world, placing 65 to 70 million people at risk each. Given the limited efficacy and severe side effects associated with current chemotherapy, new drugs are urgently needed for both diseases. Here, we report the screening of the Pathogen Box collection against cruzain and TbrCatL, validated targets for Chagas disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis, respectively. Enzymatic assays were applied to screen 400 compounds, validate hits, determine IC50 values and, when possible, mechanisms of inhibition. In this case, 12 initial hits were obtained and ten were prioritized for follow-up. IC50 values were obtained for six of them (hit rate = 1.5%) and ranged from 0.46 ± 0.03 to 27 ± 3 µM. MMV687246 was found to be a mixed inhibitor of cruzain (Ki = 57 ± 6 µM) while MMV688179 was found to be a competitive inhibitor of cruzain with a nanomolar potency (Ki = 165 ± 63 nM). A putative binding mode for MMV688179 was obtained by docking. The six hits discovered against cruzain and TbrCatL are of great interest for further optimization by the medicinal chemistry community.
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13
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Martins DOS, Souza RAC, Freire MCLC, de Moraes Roso Mesquita NC, Santos IA, de Oliveira DM, Junior NN, de Paiva REF, Harris M, Oliveira CG, Oliva G, Jardim ACG. Insights into the role of the cobalt(III)-thiosemicarbazone complex as a potential inhibitor of the Chikungunya virus nsP4. J Biol Inorg Chem 2023; 28:101-115. [PMID: 36484824 PMCID: PMC9735056 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01974-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the causative agent of chikungunya fever, a disease that can result in disability. Until now, there is no antiviral treatment against CHIKV, demonstrating that there is a need for development of new drugs. Studies have shown that thiosemicarbazones and their metal complexes possess biological activities, and their synthesis is simple, clean, versatile, and results in high yields. Here, we evaluated the mechanism of action (MOA) of a cobalt(III) thiosemicarbazone complex named [CoIII(L1)2]Cl based on its in vitro potent antiviral activity against CHIKV previously evaluated (80% of inhibition on replication). Furthermore, the complex has no toxicity in healthy cells, as confirmed by infecting BHK-21 cells with CHIKV-nanoluciferase in the presence of the compound, showing that [CoIII(L1)2]Cl inhibited CHIKV infection with the selective index of 3.26. [CoIII(L1)2]Cl presented a post-entry effect on viral replication, emphasized by the strong interaction of [CoIII(L1)2]Cl with CHIKV non-structural protein 4 (nsP4) in the microscale thermophoresis assay, suggesting a potential mode of action of this compound against CHIKV. Moreover, in silico analyses by molecular docking demonstrated potential interaction of [CoIII(L1)2]Cl with nsP4 through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. The evaluation of ADME-Tox properties showed that [CoIII(L1)2]Cl presents appropriate lipophilicity, good human intestinal absorption, and has no toxicological effect as irritant, mutagenic, reproductive, and tumorigenic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oliveira Silva Martins
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, 4C- Room 216, Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, 38405-302, Brazil
- São Paulo State University, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Igor Andrade Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, 4C- Room 216, Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Débora Moraes de Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, 4C- Room 216, Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Nilson Nicolau Junior
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Mark Harris
- Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Carolina Gonçalves Oliveira
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil.
| | - Glaucius Oliva
- Physics Institute of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Avenida Amazonas, 4C- Room 216, Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, 38405-302, Brazil.
- São Paulo State University, IBILCE, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Channar PA, Alharthy RD, Ejaz SA, Saeed A, Iqbal J. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Dynamics of Carbothioamides Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase II and 15-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248723. [PMID: 36557863 PMCID: PMC9785969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of hydrazine-1-carbothioamides derivatives (3a-3j) were synthesized and analyzed for inhibitory potential towards bovine carbonic anhydrase II (b-CA II) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). Interestingly, four derivatives, 3b, 3d, 3g, and 3j, were found to be selective inhibitors of CA II, while other derivatives exhibited CA II and 15-LOX inhibition. In silico studies of the most potent inhibitors of both b-CA II and 15-LOX were carried out to find the possible binding mode of compounds in their active site. Furthermore, MD simulation results confirmed that these ligands are stably bound to the two targets, while the binding energy further confirmed the inhibitory effects of the 3h compound. As these compounds may have a role in particular diseases, the reported compounds are of great relevance for future applications in the field of medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervaiz Ali Channar
- Department of Basic sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Information Sciences and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Rima D. Alharthy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.S.); or (J.I.)
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.S.); or (J.I.)
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15
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Muğlu H, Çavuş MS, Bakır TK, Yakan H. Synthesis of new bis(thiosemicarbazone) derivatives and DFT analysis of antioxidant characteristics in relation to HAT and SET reactions. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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From rational design to serendipity: Discovery of novel thiosemicarbazones as potent trypanocidal compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Nunes JA, Ferreira da Silva-Júnior E. Hybrid-Compounds Against Trypanosomiases. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1319-1329. [PMID: 35579157 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220509202352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a global public health problem associated with approximately 20 conditions. Among these, Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by T. brucei gambiense or T. brucei rhodesiense, affect mainly the populations of the countries from the American continent and sub- Saharan Africa. Pharmacological therapies used for such illnesses are not yet fully effective. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives against these diseases becomes necessary. A drug design tool, recently recognized for its effectiveness in obtaining ligands capable of modulating multiple targets for complex diseases, concerns molecular hybridization. Therefore, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of applying molecular hybridization in facing the challenges of developing prototypes as candidates for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, studies involving different chemical classes that investigated and used hybrid compounds in recent years were compiled in this work, such as thiazolidinones, naphthoquinones, quinolines, and others. Finally, this review covers several applications of the exploration of molecular hybridization as a potent strategy in the development of molecules potentially active against trypanosomiases, in order to provide information that can help in designing new drugs with trypanocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Alves Nunes
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-970, Maceió, Brazil
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18
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Rubio-Hernández M, Alcolea V, Pérez-Silanes S. Potential of sulfur-selenium isosteric replacement as a strategy for the development of new anti-chagasic drugs. Acta Trop 2022; 233:106547. [PMID: 35667455 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment for Chagas disease is based on only two drugs: benznidazole and nifurtimox. Compounds containing sulfur (S) in their structure have shown promising results in vitro and in vivo against Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite causing Chagas disease. Notably, some reports show that the isosteric replacement of S by selenium (Se) could be an interesting strategy for the development of new compounds for the treatment of Chagas disease. To date, the activity against T. cruzi of three Se- containing groups has been compared with their S counterparts: selenosemicarbazones, selenoquinones, and selenocyanates. More studies are needed to confirm the positive results of Se compounds. Therefore, we have investigated S compounds described in the literature tested against T. cruzi. We focused on those tested in vivo that allowed isosteric replacement to propose their Se counterparts as promising compounds for the future development of new drugs against Chagas disease.
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19
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Jasinski G, Salas-Sarduy E, Vega D, Fabian L, Martini MF, Moglioni AG. Thiosemicarbazone derivatives: Evaluation as cruzipain inhibitors and molecular modeling study of complexes with cruzain. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 61:116708. [PMID: 35334448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The development of cruzipain inhibitors represents one of the most attractive challenges in the search for drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease. A recombinant form of this enzyme, cruzain, has been crystallized with numerous inhibitors, excluding thiosemicarbazones. These compounds have been established as potent inhibitors of cruzain, although there is very little data in the literature of thiosemicarbazones tested on cruzipain. In this work, we present the results of the evaluation of eleven thiosemicarbazones on cruzipain, isolated from T. cruzi epimastigotes, six of them previously evaluated on cruzain. For these latter, we studied through computational methods, the mode of interaction with the active site of cruzain and the contribution of geometric parameters to the possible mechanism of action involved in the observed inhibition. Finally, from some geometric parameters analyzed on modeled TSC-cruzain complexes, a semi-quantitative relationship was established that could explain the inhibitory activity of thiosemicarbazones on cruzipain, the enzyme actually present in the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Jasinski
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, C1113AAD, Argentina; Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, 1113, Argentina
| | - Emir Salas-Sarduy
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde" (IIBIO), CONICET-Universidad de San Martín (UNSAM), San Martín, Buenos Aires 1650, Argentina
| | - Daniel Vega
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, GIyA, CAC, CNEA, Buenos Aires B1650KNA, Argentina; Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, San Martín, Buenos Aires B1650KNA, Argentina
| | - Lucas Fabian
- Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, 1113, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Martini
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, C1113AAD, Argentina; Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, 1113, Argentina
| | - Albertina G Moglioni
- Cátedra de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, C1113AAD, Argentina; Instituto de la Química y el Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, 1113, Argentina
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20
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Mehmood H, Haroon M, Akhtar T, Woodward S, Andleeb H. Synthesis and molecular docking studies of 5-acetyl-2-(arylidenehydrazin-1-yl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazoles as α-amylase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Wu RZ, Zhou HY, Song JF, Xia QH, Hu W, Mou XD, Li X. Chemotherapeutics for Toxoplasma gondii: Molecular Biotargets, Binding Modes, and Structure-Activity Relationship Investigations. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17627-17655. [PMID: 34894691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis, an infectious zoonotic disease caused by the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), is a major worldwide health problem. However, there are currently no effective options (chemotherapeutic drugs or prophylactic vaccines) for treating chronic latent toxoplasmosis infection. Accordingly, seeking more effective and safer chemotherapeutics for combating this disease remains a long-term and challenging objective. In this paper, we summarize possible molecular biotargets, with an emphasis on those that are druggable and promising, including, without limitation, calcium-dependent protein kinase 1, bifunctional thymidylate synthase-dihydrofolate reductase, and farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Meanwhile, as important components of medicinal chemistry, the binding modes and structure-activity relationship profiles of the corresponding inhibitors were also illuminated. We anticipate that this information will be helpful for further identification of more effective chemotherapeutic interventions to prevent and treat zoonotic infections caused by T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Zhen Wu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Huai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, no. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Jing-Feng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, no. 1168 Chunrong Xi Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, PR China
| | - Qiao-Hong Xia
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, no. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, no. 72 Binhai Road of JiMo, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Mou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China
| | - Xun Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, no. 6699 Qingdao Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250117, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, Beijing 100192, PR China
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22
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Ujan R, Arshad N, Perveen F, Abbas Q, Channar PA, Saeed A, Farooqi SI, Channar KA, Hökelek T, Flörke U. Single crystal, Hirshfeld surface, DFT analyses of (E)‐2‐(2‐chloro‐6‐fluorobenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide: Elastase inhibition and DNA binding studies. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabail Ujan
- Dr. M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry University of Sindh Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Nasima Arshad
- Department of Chemistry Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Fouzia Perveen
- Research Center for Modeling and Simulations National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Qamar Abbas
- College of Science, Department of Biology University of Bahrain Zallaq Bahrain
| | | | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Shahid I. Farooqi
- Department of Chemistry Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Kashif Ali Channar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro Pakistan
| | - Tuncer Hökelek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Ulrich Flörke
- Department Chemie, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften Universität Paderborn Paderborn Germany
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23
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Hajam TA, Saleem H, Syed Ali Padusha M, Mohammed Ameen KK. Spectroscopic Studies (FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV-Vis), NBO Analysis, HOMO-LUMO, First Order Hyperpolarizability and Docking Studies of 4-[4-(Bromo-Phenylimino)-Methyl]-2-Ethoxy Phenol. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1988994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - H. Saleem
- Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
| | - M. Syed Ali Padusha
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College, Trichy affiliation with Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - K. K. Mohammed Ameen
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Jamal Mohamed College, Trichy affiliation with Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Rivero CV, Martínez SJ, Novick P, Cueto JA, Salassa BN, Vanrell MC, Li X, Labriola CA, Polo LM, Engman DM, Clos J, Romano PS. Repurposing Carvedilol as a Novel Inhibitor of the Trypanosoma cruzi Autophagy Flux That Affects Parasite Replication and Survival. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:657257. [PMID: 34476220 PMCID: PMC8406938 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.657257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T. cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease, is a parasite able to infect different types of host cells and to persist chronically in the tissues of human and animal hosts. These qualities and the lack of an effective treatment for the chronic stage of the disease have contributed to the durability and the spread of the disease around the world. There is an urgent necessity to find new therapies for Chagas disease. Drug repurposing is a promising and cost-saving strategy for finding new drugs for different illnesses. In this work we describe the effect of carvedilol on T. cruzi. This compound, selected by virtual screening, increased the accumulation of immature autophagosomes characterized by lower acidity and hydrolytic properties. As a consequence of this action, the survival of trypomastigotes and the replication of epimastigotes and amastigotes were impaired, resulting in a significant reduction of infection and parasite load. Furthermore, carvedilol reduced the whole-body parasite burden peak in infected mice. In summary, in this work we present a repurposed drug with a significant in vitro and in vivo activity against T. cruzi. These data in addition to other pharmacological properties make carvedilol an attractive lead for Chagas disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Vanesa Rivero
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,Leishmaniasis Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Santiago José Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul Novick
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Juan Agustín Cueto
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Betiana Nebaí Salassa
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Cristina Vanrell
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Xiaomo Li
- Leishmaniasis Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carlos Alberto Labriola
- Laboratorio de Biología estructural y celular, Fundación Instituto Leloir (FIL-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Mariano Polo
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - David M Engman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joachim Clos
- Leishmaniasis Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Silvia Romano
- Laboratorio de Biología de Trypanosoma cruzi y la célula hospedadora - Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Mario H. Burgos", IHEM-CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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25
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Navarro M, Justo RMS, Delgado GYS, Visbal G. Metallodrugs for the Treatment of Trypanosomatid Diseases: Recent Advances and New Insights. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1763-1789. [PMID: 33185155 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201113104633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Trypanosomatid parasites are responsible for many Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). NTDs are a group of illnesses that prevail in low-income populations, such as in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. The three major human diseases caused by trypanosomatids are African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease and leishmaniasis. There are known drugs for the treatment of these diseases that are used extensively and are affordable; however, the use of these medicines is limited by several drawbacks such as the development of chemo-resistance, side effects such as cardiotoxicity, low selectivity, and others. Therefore, there is a need to develop new chemotherapeutic against these tropical parasitic diseases. Metal-based drugs against NTDs have been discussed over the years as alternative ways to overcome the difficulties presented by approved antiparasitic agents. The study of late transition metal-based drugs as chemotherapeutics is an exciting research field in chemistry, biology, and medicine due to the ability to develop multitarget antiparasitic agents. The evaluation of the late transition metal complexes for the treatment of trypanosomatid diseases is provided here, as well as some insights about their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Navarro
- Departamento de Quimica, Instituto de Ciencias Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M S Justo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Giset Y Sánchez Delgado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Gonzalo Visbal
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMETRO), Brazil
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Petrou A, Fesatidou M, Geronikaki A. Thiazole Ring-A Biologically Active Scaffold. Molecules 2021; 26:3166. [PMID: 34070661 PMCID: PMC8198555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiazole is a good pharmacophore nucleus due to its various pharmaceutical applications. Its derivatives have a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, analgesic, and antimicrobial including antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiallergic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychotic. Indeed, the thiazole scaffold is contained in more than 18 FDA-approved drugs as well as in numerous experimental drugs. OBJECTIVE To summarize recent literature on the biological activities of thiazole ring-containing compounds Methods: A literature survey regarding the topics from the year 2015 up to now was carried out. Older publications were not included, since they were previously analyzed in available peer reviews. RESULTS Nearly 124 research articles were found, critically analyzed, and arranged regarding the synthesis and biological activities of thiazoles derivatives in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.P.); (M.F.)
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27
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Bezerra de Oliveira Filho G, Veríssimo de Oliveira Cardoso M, Caroline da Silva Santos A, Ramos Dos Santos TA, Cristovão-Silva AC, Rubio LG, da Silva Maia Neto L, Leite PG, Machado FS, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Alves Pereira VR, Lima Leite AC. Structural design, synthesis and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi profile of the second generation of 4-thiazolidinones chlorine derivatives. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109514. [PMID: 34023282 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease causes more deaths in the Americas than any other parasitic disease. Initially confined to the American continent, it is increasingly becoming a global health problem. In fact, it is considered to be an "exotic" disease in Europe, being virtually undiagnosed. Benznidazole, the only drug approved for treatment, effectively treats acute-stage Chagas disease, but its effectiveness for treating indeterminate and chronic stages remains uncertain. Previously, our research group demonstrated that 4-thiazolidinones presented anti-T. cruzi activity including in the in vivo assays in mice, making this fragment appealing for drug development. The present work reports the synthesis and anti-T. cruzi activities of a novel series of 4-thiazolidinones derivatives that resulted in an increased anti-T. cruzi activity in comparison to thiosemicarbazones intermediates. Compounds 2c, 2e, and 3a showed potent inhibition of the trypomastigote form of the parasite at low cytotoxicity concentrations in mouse splenocytes. Besides, all the 2c, 2e, and 3a tested concentrations showed no cytotoxic activity on macrophages cell viability. When macrophages were submitted to T. cruzi infection and treated with 2c and 3a, compounds reduced the release of trypomastigote forms. Results also showed that the increased trypanocidal activity induced by 2c and 3a is independent of nitric oxide release. Flow cytometry assay showed that compound 2e was able to induce necrosis and apoptosis in trypomastigotes. Parasites treated with the compounds 2e, 3a, and 3c presented flagellum shortening, retraction and curvature of the parasite body, and extravasation of the internal content. Together, these data revealed a novel series of 4-thiazolidinones fragment-based compounds with potential effects against T. cruzi and lead-like characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Caroline da Silva Santos
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Thiago André Ramos Dos Santos
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina Cristovão-Silva
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laura González Rubio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz da Silva Maia Neto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gaio Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Simão Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA / UFPE, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Leishmaniasis, and Mutagenesis, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fabio André Brayner
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA / UFPE, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Parasitology, Cellular and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Leishmaniasis, and Mutagenesis, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Valéria Rêgo Alves Pereira
- Department of Immunology, Laboratory of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, IAM / FIOCRUZ, 50740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Exploring molecular structure, spectral features, electronic properties and molecular docking of a novel biologically active heterocyclic compound 4-phenylthiosemicarbazide. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Rosas-Jimenez JG, Garcia-Revilla MA, Madariaga-Mazon A, Martinez-Mayorga K. Predictive Global Models of Cruzain Inhibitors with Large Chemical Coverage. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:6722-6735. [PMID: 33748586 PMCID: PMC7970485 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease affects 8-11 million people worldwide, most of them living in Latin America. Moreover, migratory phenomena have spread the infection beyond endemic areas. Efforts for the development of new pharmacological therapies are paramount as the pharmacological profile of the two marketed drugs currently available, nifurtimox and benznidazole, needs to be improved. Cruzain, a parasitic cysteine protease, is one of the most attractive biological targets due to its roles in parasite survival and immune evasion. In this work, we compiled and curated a database of diverse cruzain inhibitors previously reported in the literature. From this data set, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for the prediction of their pIC50 values were generated using k-nearest neighbors and random forest algorithms. Local and global models were calculated and compared. The statistical parameters for internal and external validation indicate a significant predictability, with q loo 2 values around 0.66 and 0.61 and external R 2 coefficients of 0.725 and 0.766. The applicability domain is quantitatively defined, according to QSAR good practices, using the leverage and similarity methods. The models described in this work are readily available in a Python script for the discovery of novel cruzain inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Guadalupe Rosas-Jimenez
- Division
de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad
de Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
- Instituto
de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico, Mexico
City 04510, Mexico
| | - Marco A. Garcia-Revilla
- Division
de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad
de Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
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Pyrazol(in)e derivatives of curcumin analogs as a new class of anti- Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:701-714. [PMID: 33648346 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We report the synthesis and biological evaluation of a small library of 15 functionalized 3-styryl-2-pyrazolines and pyrazoles, derived from curcuminoids, as trypanosomicidal agents. Methods & results: The compounds were prepared via a cyclization reaction between the corresponding curcuminoids and the appropriate hydrazines. All of the derivatives synthesized were investigated for their trypanosomicidal activities. Compounds 4a and 4e showed significant activity against epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, with IC50 values of 5.0 and 4.2 μM, respectively, accompanied by no toxicity to noncancerous mammalian cells. Compound 6b was found to effectively inhibit T. cruzi triosephosphate isomerase. Conclusion: The up to 16-fold higher potency of these derivatives compared with their curcuminoid precursors makes them a promising new family of T. cruzi inhibitors.
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Design, synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and cell cycle analysis of new thiosemicarbazone derivatives targeting ribonucleotide reductase. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.102989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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de Aquino TM, França PHB, Rodrigues ÉEES, Nascimento IJS, Santos-Júnior PFS, Aquino PGV, Santos MS, Queiroz AC, Araújo MV, Alexandre-Moreira MS, Rodrigues RRL, Rodrigues KAF, Freitas JD, Bricard J, Meneghetti MR, Bourguignon JJ, Schmitt M, da Silva-Júnior EF, de Araújo-Júnior JX. Synthesis, Antileishmanial Activity and in silico Studies of Aminoguanidine Hydrazones (AGH) and Thiosemicarbazones (TSC) Against Leishmania chagasi Amastigotes. Med Chem 2021; 18:151-169. [PMID: 33593264 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210216154428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is a worldwide health problem, highly endemic in developing countries. Among the four main clinical forms of the disease, visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe, fatal in 95% of cases. The undesired side-effects from first-line chemotherapy and the reported drug resistance search for effective drugs that can replace or supplement those currently used an urgent need. Aminoguanidine hydrazones (AGH's) have been explored for exhibiting a diverse spectrum of biological activities, in particular the antileishmanial activity of MGBG. The bioisosteres thiosemicarbazones (TSC's) offer a similar biological activity diversity, including antiprotozoal effects against Leishmania species and Trypanosoma cruzi. OBJECTIVE Considering the impact of leishmaniasis worldwide, this work aimed to design, synthesize, and perform a screening upon L. chagasi amastigotes and for the cytotoxicity of the small "in-house" library of both AGH and TSC derivatives and their structurally-related compounds. METHOD A set of AGH's (3-7), TSC's (9, 10), and semicarbazones (11) were initially synthesized. Subsequently, different semi-constrained analogs were designed and also prepared, including thiazolidines (12), dihydrothiazines (13), imidazolines (15), pyrimidines (16, 18) azines (19, 20), and benzotriazepinones (23-25). All intermediates and target compounds were obtained with satisfactory yields and exhibited spectral data consistent with their structures. All final compounds were evaluated against L. chagasi amastigotes and J774.A1 cell line. Molecular docking was performed towards trypanothione reductase using GOLD® software. RESULT The AGH's 3i, 4a, and 5d, and the TSC's 9i, 9k, and 9o were selected as valuable hits. These compounds presented antileishmanial activity compared with pentamidine, showing IC50 values ranged from 0.6 to 7.27 μM, maximal effects up to 55.3%, and satisfactory SI values (ranged from 11 to 87). On the other hand, most of the resulting semi-constrained analogs were found cytotoxic or presented reduced antileishmanial activity. In general, TSC class is more promising than its isosteric AGH analogs, and the beneficial aromatic substituent effects are not similar in both series. In silico studies have suggested that these hits are capable of inhibiting the trypanothione reductase from the amastigote forms. CONCLUSION The promising antileishmanial activity of three AGH's and three TSC's was characterized. These compounds presented antileishmanial activity compared with PTD, showing IC50 values ranged from 0.6 to 7.27 μM, and satisfactory SI values. Further pharmacological assays involving other Leishmania strains are under progress, which will help to choose the best hits for in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M de Aquino
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Paulo H B França
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Érica E E S Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Igor J S Nascimento
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Paulo F S Santos-Júnior
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Pedro G V Aquino
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, 55292-270. Brazil
| | - Mariana S Santos
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, 55292-270. Brazil
| | - Aline C Queiroz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Immunology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Morgana V Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Immunology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Magna S Alexandre-Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Immunology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Raiza R L Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, 64202-020, Parnaíba-PI. Brazil
| | - Klinger A F Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, 64202-020, Parnaíba-PI. Brazil
| | - Johnnatan D Freitas
- Instrumental Analysis Laboratory, Federal Institute of Alagoas, Campus Maceió, Ferroviário Avenue, 57020-600, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Jacques Bricard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation thérapeutique, UMR 7200, Labex Medalis, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch. France
| | - Mario R Meneghetti
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-90 0, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - Jean-Jacques Bourguignon
- Laboratoire d'Innovation thérapeutique, UMR 7200, Labex Medalis, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch. France
| | - Martine Schmitt
- Laboratoire d'Innovation thérapeutique, UMR 7200, Labex Medalis, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, BP 60024, 67401 Illkirch. France
| | - Edeildo F da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
| | - João X de Araújo-Júnior
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, 57072-900, Maceió-AL. Brazil
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Hałdys K, Goldeman W, Anger-Góra N, Rossowska J, Latajka R. Monosubstituted Acetophenone Thiosemicarbazones as Potent Inhibitors of Tyrosinase: Synthesis, Inhibitory Studies, and Molecular Docking. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14010074. [PMID: 33477655 PMCID: PMC7831505 DOI: 10.3390/ph14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A set of 12 monosubstituted acetophenone thiosemicarbazone derivatives (TSCs) were synthesized and their inhibitory properties toward tyrosinase activity were tested. Moreover, their ability to inhibit melanogenesis in the B16F10 murine melanoma cell line was studied. In order to investigate the nature of interactions between the enzyme and the inhibitors, molecular docking to the active site was performed. TSCs 5, 6, 8, and 9 revealed a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) below 1 µM. Compound 6 turned out to be the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor. All investigated compounds showed reversible inhibition of competitive or mixed type. The para-substituted TSCs had higher affinity for the enzyme as compared to their ortho- and meta-analogues. All investigated compounds inhibited melanin production in B16F10 cells at the micromolar level. Molecular docking showed that the sulfur atom of the thiourea moiety penetrates the active site and interacts with copper ions. The above outcomes might be helpful in the design of new tyrosinase inhibitors in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Hałdys
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
| | - Waldemar Goldeman
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Natalia Anger-Góra
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Joanna Rossowska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (N.A.-G.); (J.R.)
| | - Rafał Latajka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (R.L.)
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34
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Zhao M, Fang Y, Ma L, Zhu X, Jiang L, Li M, Han Q. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antibacterial mechanism study of two Keggin-type polyoxometalates. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 210:111131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Synthesis and Anthelmintic Activity of New Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives-A Preliminary Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122770. [PMID: 32560032 PMCID: PMC7355614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic infections caused by different species of intestinal helminths still poses a threat to public health. There is a need to search for new, effective anthelmintic drugs. A series of novel thiosemicarbazides were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anthelmintic activity. The preliminary results showed that the most of synthesized compounds were very active. 4-Phenyl-1-[(1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-2-yl)carbonyl]thiosemicarbazide and 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-[(1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-2-yl)carbonyl]thiosemicarbazide showed a 100% mortality of nematodes and a high anthelmintic activity in both tested concentrations.
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36
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Benzimidazole inhibitors of the major cysteine protease of Trypanosoma brucei. Future Med Chem 2020; 11:1537-1551. [PMID: 31469332 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Limitations in available therapies for trypanosomiases indicate the need for improved medicines. Cysteine proteases cruzain and rhodesain are validated targets for treatment of Chagas disease and human African trypanosomiasis. Previous studies reported a benzimidazole series as potent cruzain inhibitors. Results & methodology: Considering the high similarity between these proteases, we evaluated 40 benzimidazoles against rhodesain. We describe their structure-activity relationships (SAR), revealing trends similar to those observed for cruzain and features that lead to enzyme selectivity. This series comprises noncovalent competitive inhibitors (best Ki = 0.21 μM against rhodesain) and micromolar activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei. A cheminformatics analysis confirms scaffold novelty, and the inhibitors described have favorable predicted physicochemical properties. Conclusion: Our results support this series as a starting point for new human African trypanosomiasis medicines.
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37
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Halogenated aromatic thiosemicarbazones as potent inhibitors of tyrosinase and melanogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2020; 94:103419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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38
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Haroon M, Akhtar T, S. Santos AC, Pereira VRA, Ferreira LFGR, Hernandes MZ, Rocha REO, Ferreira RS, M. Gomes PAT, Sousa FA, B. Dias MCH, Tahir MN, Hameed S, Leite ACL. Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Trypanocidal and Leishmanicidal Activities of 2‐(2‐Arylidene)hydrazono‐4‐oxothiazolidine‐5‐acetic Acid Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haroon
- Department of ChemistryMirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Tashfeen Akhtar
- Department of ChemistryMirpur University of Science and Technology (MUST) 10250-Mirpur (AJK) Pakistan
| | - Aline C. S. Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu MagalhãesFundação Oswaldo Cruz 50670-420 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Valéria R. A. Pereira
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu MagalhãesFundação Oswaldo Cruz 50670-420 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Luiz F. G. R. Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Marcelo Z. Hernandes
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Rafael E. O. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica and ImunologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais CEP 31270–901 Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Rafaela S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica and ImunologiaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais CEP 31270–901 Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Paulo A. T. M. Gomes
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Fabiano A. Sousa
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Mabilly C. H. B. Dias
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Muhammad N. Tahir
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha Punjab Pakistan
| | - Shahid Hameed
- Department of ChemistryQuaid-i-Azam University Islamabad- 45320 Pakistan
| | - Ana C. L. Leite
- Departamento de Ciências FarmacêuticasCentro de Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco 50740-520 Recife, PE Brazil
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39
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Vieira RP, Santos VC, Ferreira RS. Structure-based Approaches Targeting Parasite Cysteine Proteases. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4435-4453. [PMID: 28799498 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170810165302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine proteases are essential hydrolytic enzymes present in the majority of organisms, including viruses and unicellular parasites. Despite the high sequence identity displayed among these proteins, specific structural features across different species grant distinct functions to these biomolecules, frequently related to pathological conditions. Consequently, their relevance as promising targets for potential specific inhibitors has been highlighted and occasionally validated in recent decades. In this review, we discuss the recent outcomes of structure-based campaigns aiming the discovery of new inhibitor prototypes against cruzain and falcipain, as alternative therapeutic tools for Chagas disease and malaria treatments, respectively. Computational and synthetic approaches have been combined on hit optimization strategies and are also discussed herein. These rationales are extended to additional tropical infectious and neglected pathologies, such as schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis and babesiosis, and also to Alzheimer's Disease, a widespread neurodegenerative disease poorly managed by currently available drugs and recently linked to particular physiopathological roles of human cysteine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pinto Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-020 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Viviane Corrêa Santos
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Salgado Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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40
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Leite ACL, Espíndola JWP, de Oliveira Cardoso MV, de Oliveira Filho GB. Privileged Structures in the Design of Potential Drug Candidates for Neglected Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4323-4354. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666171023163752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Privileged motifs are recurring in a wide range of biologically
active compounds that reach different pharmaceutical targets and pathways and could represent
a suitable start point to access potential candidates in the neglected diseases field.
The current therapies to treat these diseases are based in drugs that lack of the desired effectiveness,
affordable methods of synthesis and allow a way to emergence of resistant
strains. Due the lack of financial return, only few pharmaceutical companies have been
investing in research for new therapeutics for neglected diseases (ND).
Methods:
Based on the literature search from 2002 to 2016, we discuss how six privileged
motifs, focusing phthalimide, isatin, indole, thiosemicarbazone, thiazole, and thiazolidinone
are particularly recurrent in compounds active against some of neglected diseases.
Results:
It was observed that attention was paid particularly for Chagas disease, malaria,
tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, dengue, African sleeping sickness (Human
African Trypanosomiasis - HAT) and toxoplasmosis. It was possible to verify that, among
the ND, antitrypanosomal and antiplasmodial activities were between the most searched.
Besides, thiosemicarbazone moiety seems to be the most versatile and frequently explored
scaffold. As well, phthalimide, isatin, thiazole, and thiazolidone nucleus have been also
explored in the ND field.
Conclusion:
Some described compounds, appear to be promising drug candidates, while
others could represent a valuable inspiration in the research for new lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Lima Leite
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - José Wanderlan Pontes Espíndola
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Gevanio Bezerra de Oliveira Filho
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Centro de Ciencias da Saude, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50740-520, Recife, PE, Brazil
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41
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Cardoso MVDO, Oliveira Filho GBD, Siqueira LRPD, Espíndola JWP, Silva EBD, Mendes APDO, Pereira VRA, Castro MCABD, Ferreira RS, Villela FS, Costa FMRD, Meira CS, Moreira DRM, Soares MBP, Leite ACL. 2-(phenylthio)ethylidene derivatives as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi compounds: Structural design, synthesis and antiparasitic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:191-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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42
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Matsa R, Makam P, Kaushik M, Hoti SL, Kannan T. Thiosemicarbazone derivatives: Design, synthesis and in vitro antimalarial activity studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 137:104986. [PMID: 31283946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.104986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Different types of thiosemicarbazone derivatives were designed and tested for their Drug-Like Molecular (DLM) nature by using Lipinski and Veber rules. Subsequently, compounds with DLM properties were synthesized and characterized by spectral methods. In vitro antimalarial activity studies of the synthesized thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been carried out against Plasmodium falciparum, 3D7 strain using fluorescence assay method and found that the compounds, (E)-2-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (6), (E)-2-(1-(3-bromophenyl) ethylidene) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (15) and (E)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (29) showed notable antimalarial activity with EC50 values of 13.54 μM, 15.83 μM and 14.52 μM respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkishore Matsa
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - Parameshwar Makam
- Chemical Science Research Group, Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 411, India
| | - Meenakshi Kaushik
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590 010, India
| | - S L Hoti
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi 590 010, India
| | - Tharanikkarasu Kannan
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605 014, India.
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43
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Ward DJ, Van de Langemheen H, Koehne E, Kreidenweiss A, Liskamp RMJ. Highly tunable thiosulfonates as a novel class of cysteine protease inhibitors with anti-parasitic activity against Schistosoma mansoni. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2857-2870. [PMID: 31126821 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of a new class of cysteine protease inhibitors utilising the thiosulfonate moiety as an SH specific electrophile is described. This moiety has been introduced into suitable amino acid derived building blocks, which were incorporated into peptidic sequences leading to very potent i.e. sub micromolar inhibitors of the cysteine protease papain in the same range as the vinyl sulfone based inhibitor K11777. Therefore, their inhibitory effect on Schistosoma mansoni, a human blood parasite, that expresses several cysteine proteases, was evaluated. The homophenylalanine side chain containing compounds 27-30 and especially 36 showed promising activities compared with K11777 and warrant further investigations of these peptidic thiosulfonate inhibitors as new potential anti-parasitic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Ward
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - H Van de Langemheen
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - E Koehne
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstrasse 27, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Kreidenweiss
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstrasse 27, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - R M J Liskamp
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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44
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Pereira GAN, da Silva EB, Braga SFP, Leite PG, Martins LC, Vieira RP, Soh WT, Villela FS, Costa FMR, Ray D, de Andrade SF, Brandstetter H, Oliveira RB, Caffrey CR, Machado FS, Ferreira RS. Discovery and characterization of trypanocidal cysteine protease inhibitors from the 'malaria box'. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:765-778. [PMID: 31284086 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease, Human African Trypanosomiasis, and schistosomiasis are neglected parasitic diseases for which new treatments are urgently needed. To identify new chemical leads, we screened the 400 compounds of the Open Access Malaria Box against the cysteine proteases, cruzain (Trypanosoma cruzi), rhodesain (Trypanosoma brucei) and SmCB1 (Schistosoma mansoni), which are therapeutic targets for these diseases. Whereas just three hits were observed for SmCB1, 70 compounds inhibited cruzain or rhodesain by at least 50% at 5 μM. Among those, 15 commercially available compounds were selected for confirmatory assays, given their potency, time-dependent inhibition profile and reported activity against parasites. Additional assays led to the confirmation of four novel classes of cruzain and rhodesain inhibitors, with potency in the low-to mid-micromolar range against enzymes and T. cruzi. Assays against mammalian cathepsins S and B revealed inhibitor selectivity for parasitic proteases. For the two competitive inhibitors identified (compounds 7 and 12), their binding mode was predicted by docking, providing a basis for structure-based optimization efforts. Compound 12 also acted directly against the trypomastigote and the intracellular amastigote forms of T. cruzi at 3 μM. Therefore, through a combination of experimental and computational approaches, we report promising hits for optimization in the development of new trypanocidal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaécia A N Pereira
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Elany B da Silva
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Saulo F P Braga
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Paulo Gaio Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luan C Martins
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Vieira
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Wai Tuck Soh
- Structural Biology Group By Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Filipe S Villela
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Francielly M R Costa
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Debalina Ray
- University of California San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Saulo F de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Synthesis Group (PHARSG), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Hans Brandstetter
- Structural Biology Group By Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Renata B Oliveira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Conor R Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Fabiana S Machado
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rafaela S Ferreira
- Laboratório de Modelagem Molecular e Planejamento de Fármacos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
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45
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Kryshchyshyn A, Kaminskyy D, Karpenko O, Gzella A, Grellier P, Lesyk R. Thiazolidinone/thiazole based hybrids - New class of antitrypanosomal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 174:292-308. [PMID: 31051403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Different compounds have been investigated as potent drugs for trypanosomiasis treatment, but no new drug has been marketed in the past 3 decades. 4-Thiazolidinone/thiazole as privileged structures and thiosemicarbazides cyclic analogs are well known scaffolds in novel antitrypanosomal agent design. We present here the design and synthesis of new hybrid molecules bearing thiazolidinone/thiazole cores linked by the hydrazone group with various molecular fragments. Structure optimization led to compounds with phenyl-indole or phenyl-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole moieties showing excellent antitrypanosomal activity towards Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. Biological study allowed identifying compounds with the submicromolar levels of IC50, good selectivity indexes and relatively low cytotoxicity upon human primary fibroblasts as well as low acute toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kryshchyshyn
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | - Danylo Kaminskyy
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine
| | | | - Andrzej Gzella
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznan, 60-780, Poland
| | - Philippe Grellier
- National Museum of Natural History, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN, Team BAMEE, CP 52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Roman Lesyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska 69, Lviv, 79010, Ukraine; Department of Public Health, Dietetics and Lifestyle Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
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46
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A novel thiosemicarbazone as a promising effective and selective compound for acute leukemia. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:828-837. [PMID: 30932944 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukemias are a heterogeneous group of aggressive malignant neoplasms associated with severe morbidities due to the nonselectivity of current chemotherapeutic drugs to nonmalignant cells. The investigation of novel natural and synthetic structures that might be used for the development of new drugs with greater efficiency and selectivity to leukemic cells is mandatory. In this context, thiosemicarbazones have been well described in the literature by their several biological properties and their reaction is known as versatile, low-cost, and highly chemoselective. With this perspective, this study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect and the main death mechanisms of a novel thiosemicarbazone (LAP17) on acute leukemia cell lines K562 and Jurkat. The results show that the strong cytotoxic effect of LAP17 to leukemic cells is due to apoptosis induction, which resulted in caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation. Intrinsic apoptosis seems to be related to the inversion of Bax/Bcl-2 expression, ΔΨm loss, and AIF release, whereas extrinsic apoptosis was initiated by FasR. Gene-expression profiling of HL-60 cells treated with LAP17 by the microarray technique revealed a significant enrichment of gene sets related to cell cycle arrest at G2/M. Accordingly, K562 and Jurkat cells treated with LAP17 revealed a clear arrest at G2/M phase. Taking into consideration that LAP17 was not cytotoxic to nonhematological cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cell and erythrocytes), these results suggest that LAP17 is a promising new compound that might be used as a prototype for the development of new antileukemic agents.
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47
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Ambhore AN, Kamble SS, Kadam SN, Kamble RD, Hebade MJ, Hese SV, Gaikwad MV, Meshram RJ, Gacche RN, Dawane BS. Design, synthesis and in silico study of pyridine based 1,3,4-oxadiazole embedded hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives as potent anti-tubercular agent. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 80:54-65. [PMID: 30901601 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of novel, safe and effective drug candidates combating the emerging drug resistance has remained a major focus in the mainstream of anti-tuberculosis research. Here, we inspired to design and synthesize series of new pyridin-4-yl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-thio-ethylidene-hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives as potential anti-tubercular agents. The anti-tubercular bioactive assay demonstrated that the synthesized compounds exhibit potent anti-tubercular activity (MIC = 3.9-7.81 μg/mL) in comparison with reference drugs Rifampicin and Isoniazid.We employed pharmacophore probing approach for the identification of CYP51 as a possible drug target for the synthesized compounds. To understand the preferable binding mode, the synthesized molecules were docked onto the active site of Sterol 14 α-demethylases (CYP51) target. From the binding free energy of the docking results it was revealed that the compounds were effective CYP51 inhibitors and acts as antitubercular agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay N Ambhore
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Sonali S Kamble
- School of Life Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Shuddhodan N Kadam
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Rahul D Kamble
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Madhav J Hebade
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Shrikant V Hese
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Milind V Gaikwad
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India
| | - Rohan J Meshram
- Bioinformatics Centre, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, MS, 411 007, India.
| | - Rajesh N Gacche
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, MS, 411 007, India.
| | - Bhaskar S Dawane
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, MS, 431606, India.
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48
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Kenawy IM, Hassanien MM, Abdel-Rhman MH, Zaki RR, Rashed HS. Synthesis and characterization of Hg(II) and Cd(II) complexes derived from the novel acenaphthaquinone-4-phenyl thiosemicarbazone and its CPE application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbas.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M. Kenawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Hassanien
- Chemistry Department, Industrial Education College, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Rania R. Zaki
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hala S. Rashed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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49
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Crawley ML, Hein KJ, Markgraf JH. Efficient Synthesis of 4,4-Dimethyl-1,9,10(1H)-Anthracenetrione. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823403103174867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A concise route to the title compound was achieved via annulation of 4,4-dimethylcyclohexenone with 3-cyanophthalide, followed by oxidation with DDQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 99305, USA
| | - Karl J. Hein
- Department of Chemistry, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA
| | - J. Hodge Markgraf
- Department of Chemistry, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA
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50
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Abdul Halim SN'A, Nordin FJ, Mohd Abd Razak MR, Mohd Sofyan NRF, Abdul Halim SN, Rajab NF, Sarip R. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of silver(I) complexes with mixed-ligands of thiosemicarbazones and diphenyl(p-tolyl)phosphine as biological agents. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1577400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozie Sarip
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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