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Rathi K, Hassam M, Singh C, Puri SK, Jat JL, Prakash Verma V. Novel ether derivatives of 11-azaartemisinins with high order antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii in Swiss mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 103:129700. [PMID: 38479483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates cutting-edge synthetic chemistry approaches for designing and producing innovative antimalarial drugs with improved efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Novel amino (-NH2) and hydroxy (-OH) functionalized 11-azaartemisinins 9, 12, and 14 were synthesized along with their derivatives 11a, 13a-e, and 15a-b through ART and were tested for their AMA (antimalarial activity) against Plasmodium yoelii via intramuscular (i.m.) and oral routes in Swiss mice. Ether derivative 13c was the most active compound by i.m. route, it has shown 100 % protection at the dose of 12 mg/kg × 4 days and showed 100 % clearance of parasitaemia on day 4 at dose of 6 mg/kg. Amine 11a, ether derivatives 13d, 13e and ether 15a also showed promising antimalarial activity. β-Arteether gave 100 % protection at the dose of 48 mg/kg × 4 days and 20 % protection at 24 mg/kg × 4 days dose by oral route, while it showed 100 % protection at 6 mg/kg × 4 days and no protection at 3 mg/kg × 4 days by i.m. route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Rathi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohammad Hassam
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Chandan Singh
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sunil K Puri
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jawahar L Jat
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India; Department of Education in Science and Mathematics (DESM), Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneshwar 751022, India.
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2
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Formánek B, Dupommier D, Volfová T, Rimpelová S, Škarková A, Herciková J, Rösel D, Brábek J, Perlíková P. Synthesis and migrastatic activity of cytochalasin analogues lacking a macrocyclic moiety. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:322-343. [PMID: 38283219 PMCID: PMC10809383 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytochalasans are known as inhibitors of actin polymerization and for their cytotoxic and migrastatic activity. In this study, we synthesized a series of cytochalasin derivatives that lack a macrocyclic moiety, a structural element traditionally considered essential for their biological activity. We focused on substituting the macrocycle with simple aryl-containing sidechains, and we have also synthesized compounds with different substitution patterns on the cytochalasin core. The cytochalasin analogues were screened for their migrastatic and cytotoxic activity. Compound 24 which shares the substitution pattern with natural cytochalasins B and D exhibited not only significant in vitro migrastatic activity towards BLM cells but also demonstrated inhibition of actin polymerization, with no cytotoxic effect observed at 50 μM concentration. Our results demonstrate that even compounds lacking the macrocyclic moiety can exhibit biological activities, albeit less pronounced than those of natural cytochalasins. However, our findings emphasize the pivotal role of substituting the core structure in switching between migrastatic activity and cytotoxicity. These findings hold significant promise for further development of easily accessible cytochalasan analogues as novel migrastatic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedřich Formánek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Dorian Dupommier
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Volfová
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec Prague West Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Rimpelová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague The Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Škarková
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec Prague West Czech Republic
| | - Jana Herciková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Rösel
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec Prague West Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brábek
- Department of Cell Biology, BIOCEV, Faculty of Science, Charles University Průmyslová 595, 252 50 Vestec Prague West Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Perlíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague Technická 5 166 28 Prague Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nám. 2 160 00 Prague Czech Republic
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3
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Karnatak M, Hassam M, Singh AS, Yadav DK, Singh C, Puri SK, Verma VP. Novel hydrazone derivatives of N-amino-11-azaartemisinin with high order of antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis in Swiss mice via intramuscular route. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 58:128522. [PMID: 34974111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Novel hydrazone derivatives 10a-m were prepared from N-Amino-11-azaartemisinin (9) and screened for their antimalarial activity by oral and intramuscular (i.m.) routes against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii in Swiss mice model. Several of the hydrazone derivatives showed higher order of antimalarial activity. Compounds 10b, 10g, 10m provided 100% protection to the infected mice at the dose of 24 mg/kg × 4 days via oral route. Fluorenone based hydrazone 10m the most active compound of the series, provided 100% protection at the dose of 6 mg/kg × 4 days via intramuscular route and also provided 100% protection at the dose of 12 mg/kg × 4 days via oral route. While artemisinin gave 100% protection at 48 mg/kg × 4 days and only 60% protection at 24 mg/kg × 4 days via intramuscular (i.m.) route. Compound 10m found to be four-fold more active than artemisinin via intramuscular route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvika Karnatak
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022 Rajasthan, India
| | - Mohammad Hassam
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ajit Shankar Singh
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Chandan Singh
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sunil K Puri
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022 Rajasthan, India.
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4
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Hassam M, Singh AS, Yadav DK, Singh C, Puri SK, Verma VP. Reduction of the Double Bond of 6-Arylvinyl-1,2,4-trioxanes Leads to a Remarkable Increase in Their Antimalarial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis in a Swiss Mice Model. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30790-30799. [PMID: 34805707 PMCID: PMC8600630 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Novel 6-arylethyl-1,2,4-trioxanes6a-i and 7a-i are easily accessible in one step from the diimide reduction of 6-arylvinyl-1,2,4-trioxanes 5a-i. All of these new trioxanes were assessed for their oral antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis in a Swiss mice model. Most of the saturated trioxanes 6c, 6f, 6g, 6h, and 6i, the active compounds of the series, provided 100% protection to the malaria-infected mice at a dose of 24 mg/kg × 4 days. Further, trioxane 6i, the most active compound of the series, also showed 100% protection even at a dose of 12 mg/kg × 4 days and 20% protection at a dose of 6 mg/kg × 4 days. In this model, β-arteether provided 100% protection at a dose of 48 mg/kg × 4 days and only 20% protection at a dose of 24 mg/kg × 4 days via the oral route, which was found to exhibit 4-fold antimalarial activity compared with the currently used drug β-arteether.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassam
- Medicinal
& Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ajit Shankar Singh
- Medicinal
& Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Department
of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, India
| | - Chandan Singh
- Medicinal
& Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central
Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sunil K. Puri
- Parasitology
Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension,
Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department
of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India
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5
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Ur Rasool J, Sawhney G, Shaikh M, Nalli Y, Madishetti S, Ahmed Z, Ali A. Site selective synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of Spiro-isoxazoline stitched adducts of arteannuin B. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105408. [PMID: 34655840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A library of new spiroisoxazoline analogues of arteannuin B was synthesized through 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition in stereoselective fashion and consequently screened for anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Three potent analogues (8i, 8 m, and 8n) were found to attenuate the LPS induced release of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α more potently than the parent molecule. Also, the inhibition of LPS induced nitric oxide production in these cells show moderate to high efficacy. None of the three potent molecules have altered the viability of RAW 264.7 cells following 48 h incubation suggesting that the inhibition of cytokines and nitric oxide production exhibited in the cells was not due to toxicity. In addition, these compounds exhibit an IC50 range of 0.17 µM-1.57 µM and 0.09 µM-0.35 µM for the inhibition of IL-6 release and nitric oxide production respectively. The results disclose potent inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators which are encouraging and warrant further investigations to develop new therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Ur Rasool
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Majeed Shaikh
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
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6
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Patel OPS, Beteck RM, Legoabe LJ. Exploration of artemisinin derivatives and synthetic peroxides in antimalarial drug discovery research. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 213:113193. [PMID: 33508479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by protozoal parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. It caused an estimated 405,000 deaths and 228 million malaria cases globally in 2018 as per the World Malaria Report released by World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019. Artemisinin (ART), a "Nobel medicine" and its derivatives have proven potential application in antimalarial drug discovery programs. In this review, antimalarial activity of the most active artemisinin derivatives modified at C-10/C-11/C-16/C-6 positions and synthetic peroxides (endoperoxides, 1,2,4-trioxolanes, 1,2,4-trioxanes, and 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes) are systematically summarized. The developmental trend of ART derivatives, and cyclic peroxides along with their antimalarial activity and how the activity is affected by structural variations on different sites of the compounds are discussed. This compilation would be very useful towards scaffold hopping aimed at avoiding the unnecessary complexity in cyclic peroxides, and ultimately act as a handy resource for the development of potential chemotherapeutics against Plasmodium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om P S Patel
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
| | - Richard M Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Lesetja J Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
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7
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Liu L, Guo D, Wang J. NHC-Catalyzed Asymmetric α-Regioselective [4 + 2] Annulation to Construct α-Alkylidene-δ-lactones. Org Lett 2020; 22:7025-7029. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lala Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P.R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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8
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Alia JD, Karl S, Kelly TD. Quantum Chemical Lipophilicities of Antimalarial Drugs in Relation to Terminal Half-Life. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6500-6515. [PMID: 32258886 PMCID: PMC7114756 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
According to the WHO, artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have been integral to the recent reduction in deaths due to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. ACT-resistant strains are an emerging problem and have evolved altered developmental stages, reducing exposure of the most susceptible stages to artemisinin drugs in popular ACTs. Lipophilicity, log K ow, is a guide in understanding and predicting pharmacokinetic properties such as terminal half-life which alters drug exposure. Consistent log K ow values are not necessarily available for artemisinin derivatives designed to extend terminal half-life, increase bioavailability, and reduce neurotoxicity. For other drugs used in ACTs, an assortment of experimental and computational log K ow values are available in the literature and in some cases, do not account for subtle but important differences between closely related structures such as between diastereomers. Quantum chemical methods such as density functional theory (DFT) used with an implicit solvent model allow for consistent comparison of physical properties including log K ow and distinguish between closely related structures. To this end, DFT, B3LYP/6-31G(d), with an implicit solvent model (SMD) was used to compute ΔG ow o and ΔG vow o for 1-octanol-water and olive oil-water partitions, respectively, for 21 antimalarial drugs: 12 artemisinin-based, 4 4-aminoquinolines and structurally similar pyronaridine, and 4 amino alcohols. The computed ΔG ow o was close to ΔG ow o calculated from experimental log K ow values from the literature where available, with a mean signed error of 2.3 kJ/mol and mean unsigned error of 3.7 kJ/mol. The results allow assignment of log K ow for α-and β-diastereomers of arteether, and prediction of log K ow for β-DHA and five experimental drugs. Linear least square analysis of log K ow and log K vow versus terminal elimination half-life showed strong linear relationships, once the data points for the 4-aminoquinoline drugs, mefloquine and pyronaridine were found to follow their own linear relationship, which is consistent with their different plasma protein binding. The linear relationship between the computed log K vow and terminal elimination half-life was particularly strong, R 2 = 0.99 and F = 467, and can be interpreted in terms of a simple pharmacokinetic model. Terminal elimination half-life for β-DHA and four experimental artemisinin drugs were estimated based on this linear relationship between log K vow and terminal t 1/2. The computed log K ow and log K vow values for epimers α- and β-DHA and α and β-arteether provide physical data that may be helpful in understanding their different pharmacokinetics and activity based on their different molecular geometries. Relative solubility of quinine and quinidine are found to be sensitive to thermal corrections to enthalpy and to vibrational entropy and do not follow the general trend of longer terminal t 1/2 with greater predicted log K ow. Geometric relaxation of α- and β-DHA in solvent and inclusion of thermal correction for enthalpy and entropy results in correct prediction that α-DHA is favored in aqueous environments compared to β-DHA. Predictions made regarding experimental drugs have implications regarding their potential use in response to artemisinin drug-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Alia
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota Morris, 600 E 4th Street, Morris, Minnesota 56267, United States
| | - Sheila Karl
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota Morris, 600 E 4th Street, Morris, Minnesota 56267, United States
| | - Tyler D. Kelly
- Division of Science and Mathematics, University of Minnesota Morris, 600 E 4th Street, Morris, Minnesota 56267, United States
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9
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Tiwari MK, Chaudhary S. Artemisinin-derived antimalarial endoperoxides from bench-side to bed-side: Chronological advancements and future challenges. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1220-1275. [PMID: 31930540 DOI: 10.1002/med.21657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
According to WHO World Malaria Report (2018), nearly 219 million new cases of malaria occurred and a total no. of 435 000 people died in 2017 due to this infectious disease. This is due to the rapid spread of parasite-resistant strains. Artemisinin (ART), a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide isolated from traditional Chinese herb Artemisia annua, has been recognized as a novel class of antimalarial drugs. The 2015 "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine" was given to Prof Dr Tu Youyou for the discovery of ART. Hence, ART is termed as "Nobel medicine." The present review article accommodates insights from the chronological advancements and direct statistics witnessed during the past 48 years (1971-2019) in the medicinal chemistry of ART-derived antimalarial endoperoxides, and their clinical utility in malaria chemotherapy and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit K Tiwari
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, India
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10
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Kumari A, Karnatak M, Singh D, Shankar R, Jat JL, Sharma S, Yadav D, Shrivastava R, Verma VP. Current scenario of artemisinin and its analogues for antimalarial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:804-829. [PMID: 30579122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human malaria, one of the most striking, reemerging infectious diseases, is caused by several types of Plasmodium parasites. Whilst advances have been made in lowering the numbers of cases and deaths, it is clear that a strategy based solely on disease control year on year, without reducing transmission and ultimately eradicating the parasite, is unsustainable. Natural products have served as a template for the design and development of antimalarial drugs currently in the clinic or in the development phase. Artemisinin combine potent, rapid antimalarial activity with a wide therapeutic index and an absence of clinically important resistance. The alkylating ability of artemisinin and its semi-synthetic analogues toward heme related to their antimalarial efficacy are underlined. Although impressive results have already been achieved in malaria research, more systematization and concentration of efforts are required if real breakthroughs are to be made. This review will concisely cover the clinical, preclinical antimalarial and current updates in artemisinin based antimalarial drugs. Diverse classes of semi-synthetic analogs of artemisinin reported in the last decade have also been extensively studied. The experience gained in this respect is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manvika Karnatak
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai, 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Jawahar L Jat
- Department of Applied Chemistry, BabaSaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Dinesh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, 303007, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai, 304022, Rajasthan, India.
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11
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Efferth T. Beyond malaria: The inhibition of viruses by artemisinin-type compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1730-1737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Hammer SC, Kubik G, Watkins E, Huang S, Minges H, Arnold FH. Anti-Markovnikov alkene oxidation by metal-oxo–mediated enzyme catalysis. Science 2017; 358:215-218. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aao1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Li Z, Gupta MK, Snowden TS. One-Carbon Homologation of Primary Alcohols and the Reductive Homologation of Aldehydes Involving a Jocic-Type Reaction. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Ren Q, Sun S, Huang J, Li W, Wu M, Guo H, Wang J. An enantioselective cascade reaction between α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and malonic half-thioesters: a rapid access to chiral δ-lactones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:6137-40. [PMID: 24776538 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01736f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We disclose a novel efficient enantioselective organocatalytic cascade reaction for the preparation of δ-lactones in good to excellent yields (69-93%) and with high to excellent enantioselectivities (88-96% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ren
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Non-power Nuclear Technology, College of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province 437100, People's Republic China
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15
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Gaur R, Cheema HS, Kumar Y, Singh SP, Yadav DK, Darokar MP, Khan F, Bhakuni RS. In vitro antimalarial activity and molecular modeling studies of novel artemisinin derivatives. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07697h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by aPlasmodium falciparumparasite that infects a female anopheles mosquito which feeds on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Gaur
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Harveer Singh Cheema
- Molecular Bio-prospection Department
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
| | - Suriya Pratap Singh
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
| | - Dharmendra K. Yadav
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
| | - Mahendra Padurang Darokar
- Molecular Bio-prospection Department
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Feroz Khan
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Department
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Rajendra Singh Bhakuni
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
- Lucknow-226015
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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16
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A convenient synthesis of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)indolin-2-one, a useful intermediate for the preparation of both dopamine receptor agonists and protein kinase inhibitors. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Singh C, Verma VP, Hassam M, Singh AS, Naikade NK, Puri SK. New Orally Active Amino- and Hydroxy-Functionalized 11-Azaartemisinins and Their Derivatives with High Order of Antimalarial Activity against Multidrug-Resistant Plasmodium yoelii in Swiss Mice1. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2489-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jm401774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Singh
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Mohammad Hassam
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Ajit Shankar Singh
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Niraj K. Naikade
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sunil K. Puri
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry and ‡Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
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18
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Yadav N, Sharma C, Awasthi SK. Diversification in the synthesis of antimalarial trioxane and tetraoxane analogs. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42513d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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19
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Miao Z, Zhu L, Dong G, Zhuang C, Wu Y, Wang S, Guo Z, Liu Y, Wu S, Zhu S, Fang K, Yao J, Li J, Sheng C, Zhang W. A New Strategy To Improve the Metabolic Stability of Lactone: Discovery of (20S,21S)-21-Fluorocamptothecins as Novel, Hydrolytically Stable Topoisomerase I Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7902-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jm400906z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Miao
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingjian Zhu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuelin Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengzheng Wang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zizao Guo
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanchao Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiping Zhu
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Fang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Yao
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- School
of Pharmacy, East University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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Kong J, Yang Y, Wang W, Cheng K, Zhu P. Artemisinic acid: A promising molecule potentially suitable for the semi-synthesis of artemisinin. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40525g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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21
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Kukovinets OS, Zvereva TI, Kasradze VG, Khalitova LR, Kabal’nova NN, Salimova EV, Abdullin MI. Ozonolysis of verbenone in methanol. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428012070044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Rodriguez JB, Szajnman SH. New antibacterials for the treatment of toxoplasmosis; a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:311-33. [PMID: 22404108 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.668886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. T. gondii is able to infect a wide range of hosts, particularly humans and warm-blooded animals. Toxoplasmosis can be considered as one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases affecting close to one billion people worldwide, but its current chemotherapy is still deficient and is only effective in the acute phase of the disease. AREAS COVERED This review covers different approaches to toxoplasmosis chemotherapy focused on the metabolic differences between the host and the parasite. Selective action on different targets such as the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii adenosine kinase, different antibacterials, T. gondii histone deacetylase and calcium-dependent protein kinases is discussed. EXPERT OPINION A new and safe chemotherapy is needed, as T. gondii causes serious morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and immunodeficient patients undergoing chemotherapy. A particular drawback of the available treatments is the lack of efficacy against the tissue cyst of the parasite. During this review a broad scope of several attractive targets for drug design have been presented. In this context, the isoprenoid pathway, dihydrofolate reductase, T. gondii histone deacetylase are promising molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bautista Rodriguez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Química Orgánica & UMYMFOR (CONICET-FCEyN), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pab 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
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23
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Shah F, Gut J, Legac J, Shivakumar D, Sherman W, Rosenthal PJ, Avery MA. Computer-aided drug design of falcipain inhibitors: virtual screening, structure-activity relationships, hydration site thermodynamics, and reactivity analysis. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:696-710. [PMID: 22332946 DOI: 10.1021/ci2005516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Falcipains (FPs) are hemoglobinases of Plasmodium falciparum that are validated targets for the development of antimalarial chemotherapy. A combined ligand- and structure-based virtual screening of commercial databases was performed to identify structural analogs of virtual screening hits previously discovered in our laboratory. A total of 28 low micromolar inhibitors of FP-2 and FP-3 were identified and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) in each series was elaborated. The SAR of the compounds was unusually steep in some cases and could not be explained by a traditional analysis of the ligand-protein interactions (van der Waals, electrostatics, and hydrogen bonds). To gain further insights, a statistical thermodynamic analysis of explicit solvent in the ligand binding domains of FP-2 and FP-3 was carried out to understand the roles played by water molecules in binding of these inhibitors. Indeed, the energetics associated with the displacement of water molecules upon ligand binding explained some of the complex trends in the SAR. Furthermore, low potency of a subset of FP-2 inhibitors that could not be understood by the water energetics was explained in the context of poor chemical reactivity of the reactive centers of these compounds. The present study highlights the importance of considering energetic contributors to binding beyond traditional ligand-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falgun Shah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
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24
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Biot C, Castro W, Botté CY, Navarro M. The therapeutic potential of metal-based antimalarial agents: Implications for the mechanism of action. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6335-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12247b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Zvereva TI, Kasradze VG, Kazakova OB, Kukovinets OS. Ozonolysis of Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428010100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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A golden phoenix arising from the herbal nest — A review and reflection on the study of antimalarial drug Qinghaosu. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11458-010-0214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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27
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Albrecht Ł, Wojciechowski J, Albrecht A, Wolf WM, Janecka A, Studzian K, Krajewska U, Różalski M, Janecki T, Krawczyk H. Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of β-alkyl or β-aryl- δ -methyl-α-methylene- δ -lactones. Comparison with the corresponding γ-lactones. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:710-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Revised: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Veeraraghavan Ramachandran P, Bhattacharyya A. Synthesis of α-Alkylidene-δ-valerolactones via the Conjugate Addition of Ketone Enolates to Functionalized Allyl Acetates. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-s(s)109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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29
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Progress in the development of peroxide-based anti-parasitic agents. Drug Discov Today 2009; 14:793-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Terent’ev AO, Platonov MM, Tursina AI, Chernyshev VV, Nikishin GI. Ring Contraction of 1,2,4,5,7,8-Hexaoxa-3-silonanes by Selective Reduction of COOSi Fragments. Synthesis of New Silicon-Containing Rings, 1,3,5,6-Tetraoxa-2-silepanes. J Org Chem 2009; 74:1917-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jo8023957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O. Terent’ev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim M. Platonov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna I. Tursina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Chernyshev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady I. Nikishin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prospect, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
The problem of endemic malaria continues unabated globally. Malaria affects 40 % of the global population, causing an estimated annual mortality of 1.5-2.7 million people. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 90 % of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa among infants under the age of five. While a vaccine against malaria continues to be elusive, chemotherapy remains the most viable alternative towards treatment of the disease. During last years, the situation has become urgent in many ways, but mainly because of the development of chloroquine-resistant (CQR) strains of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf). The discovery that artemisinin (ART, 1), an active principle of Artemisia annua L., expresses a significant antimalarial activity, especially against CQR strains, opened new approaches for combating malaria. Since the early 1980s, hundreds of semi-synthetic and synthetic peroxides have been developed and tested for their antimalarial activity, the results of which were extensively reviewed. In addition, in therapeutic practice, there is no reported case of drug resistance to these antimalarial peroxides. This review summarizes recent achievements in the area of peroxide drug development for malaria chemotherapy.
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Albrecht Ł, Richter B, Krawczyk H, Jørgensen KA. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Approach to α-Methylene-δ-lactones and δ-Lactams. J Org Chem 2008; 73:8337-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo801582t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Albrecht
- Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University (Politechnika), 90-924 Łódź, Zeromskiego 116, Poland
| | - Bo Richter
- Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University (Politechnika), 90-924 Łódź, Zeromskiego 116, Poland
| | - Henryk Krawczyk
- Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University (Politechnika), 90-924 Łódź, Zeromskiego 116, Poland
| | - Karl Anker Jørgensen
- Danish National Research Foundation, Center for Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark, and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University (Politechnika), 90-924 Łódź, Zeromskiego 116, Poland
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Posner GH, Maio WA, Kalinda AS. Electronically stabilized versions of the antimalarial acetal trioxanes artemether and artesunate. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5247-53. [PMID: 18353653 PMCID: PMC2668193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
From 9-substituted DHA, several new artemisinin-derived C-10 acetal ethers and esters were prepared with either a 9-fluoro or a 9-sulfonyl substituent. The very strong inductive electron-withdrawing C-9 substituent is shown to retard considerably C-10 ionization (acid-promoted etherification) of 9-fluoro-DHA and 9-sulfonyl-DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary H Posner
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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Singh C, Chaudhary S, Puri SK. Orally active esters of dihydroartemisinin: Synthesis and antimalarial activity against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii in mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1436-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2007] [Revised: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 12/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Krawczyk H, Śliwiński M, Kędzia J, Wojciechowski J, Wolf WM. Asymmetric synthesis of enantiomerically pure 7-isopropenyl-4a-methyl-3-methyleneoctahydrochromen-2-ones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Paillet-Loilier M, Fabis F, Lepailleur A, Bureau R, Butt-Gueulle S, Dauphin F, Lesnard A, Delarue C, Vaudry H, Rault S. Novel aminoethylbiphenyls as 5-HT7 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3018-22. [PMID: 17419056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of aminoethylbiphenyls as novel 5-HT(7) receptor ligands is described. The novel derivatives exhibit high affinity for the 5-HT(7) receptor with selectivity toward 5-HT(1A) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Paillet-Loilier
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie EA3915, Université de Caen, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 5, rue Vaubénard 14032 Caen Cedex, France
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Golenser J, Waknine JH, Krugliak M, Hunt NH, Grau GE. Current perspectives on the mechanism of action of artemisinins. Int J Parasitol 2006; 36:1427-41. [PMID: 17005183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Artemisinin derivatives are the most recent single drugs approved and introduced for public antimalarial treatment. Although their recommended use is for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infection, these drugs also act against other parasites, as well as against tumor cells. The mechanisms of action attributed to artemisinin include interference with parasite transport proteins, disruption of parasite mitochondrial function, modulation of host immune function and inhibition of angiogenesis. Artemisinin combination therapies are currently the preferred treatment for malaria. These combinations may prevent the induction of parasite drug resistance. However, in view of the multiple mechanisms involved, especially when additional drugs are used, the combined therapy should be carefully examined for antagonistic effects. It is now a general theory that the crucial mechanism is interference with plasmodial SERCA. Therefore, future development of resistance may be associated with overproduction or mutations of this transporter. However, a general mechanism, such as alterations in general drug transport pathways, is feasible. In this article, we review the evidence for each mechanism of action suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Golenser
- Department of Parasitology - The Kuvin Centre for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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Kim BJ, Sasaki T. RECENT PROGRESS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF ARTEMISININ AND ITS DERIVATIVES. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00304940609355981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bray PG, Ward SA, O'Neill PM. Quinolines and artemisinin: chemistry, biology and history. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2005; 295:3-38. [PMID: 16265885 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-29088-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum is the most important parasitic pathogen in humans, causing hundreds of millions of malaria infections and millions of deaths each year. At present there is no effective malaria vaccine and malaria therapy is totally reliant on the use of drugs. New drugs are urgently needed because of the rapid evolution and spread of parasite resistance to the current therapies. Drug resistance is one of the major factors contributing to the resurgence of malaria, especially resistance to the most affordable drugs such as chloroquine. We need to fully understand the antimalarial mode of action of the existing drugs and the way that the parasite becomes resistant to them in order to design and develop the new therapies that are so urgently needed. In respect of the quinolines and artemisinins, great progress has been made recently in studying the mechanisms of drug action and drug resistance in malaria parasites. Here we summarize from a historical, biological and chemical, perspective the exciting new advances that have been made in the study of these important antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Bray
- Division of Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK.
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40
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Jung M, Kim H, Nam KY, No KT. Three-dimensional structure of Plasmodium falciparum Ca2+ -ATPase(PfATP6) and docking of artemisinin derivatives to PfATP6. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:2994-7. [PMID: 15908211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2005] [Revised: 04/19/2005] [Accepted: 04/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Construction of the 3D structure of PfATP6 by homology modeling and docking simulation of artemisinin derivatives to this protein model are reported. Docking and consequent LUDI scores show good relation with in vitro antimalarial activities. The main binding source of artemisinins to the PfATP6 is hydrophobic interaction and biologically important peroxide bonds were exposed to outside of the binding pocket. This study suggests binding of artemisinin to PfATP6 precedes activation of peroxide bond by Fe(2+) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mankil Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea.
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41
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Ploypradith P. Development of artemisinin and its structurally simplified trioxane derivatives as antimalarial drugs. Acta Trop 2004; 89:329-42. [PMID: 14744559 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2003.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Artemisinin and simplified trioxane analogs constitute a promising class of antimalarial chemotherapeutic agents. Their development since the early 1970s into clinical trials and clinical use has drawn much attention from medical scientists worldwide although the crude extract containing artemisinin has been used in China for treatment of fever for many centuries. Many research groups have independently and collaboratively conducted various studies on the artemisinin system both in search for the new compounds more antimalarially active than the parent artemisinin and in an attempt to understand its molecular mechanism(s) of action. Ongoing studies have provided a better understanding of the putative intermediates essential for the antimalarial activity and have led to designer trioxanes whose chemical structures have been simplified and modified to increase efficacy while lowering toxicity. Other desirable features beneficial to clinical uses such as bioavailability, drug stability and water solubility have been considered, and portions of the trioxane skeleton have been added or modified to accommodate these parameters accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonsakdi Ploypradith
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, 10210, Bangkok, Thailand
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Krawczyk H, Śliwiński M. Self-catalytic Michael reaction of enolizable carbonyl compounds. A facile route to α-methylene-δ-valerolactones. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Opsenica D, Dennis K, Wilbur M, Solaja B. Antimalarial, antimycobacterial and antiproliferative activity of phenyl substituted mixed tetraoxanes. JOURNAL OF THE SERBIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2003. [DOI: 10.2298/jsc0305291o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mixed tetraoxanes of the 4"-phenyl-substituted cyclohexyl-spirotetraoxacyclohexyl- spirocholate series have been prepared and evaluated as possible antimalarials, antiproliferatives and antimycobacterials. The activity of the (4"R or S)-phenyl series against P. falciparum D6 and W2 strains was found to be at the level of artemisinin with two compounds, the acid 4 and the amide 6, exhibiting encouraging anti-TB activity as well. Very promising in vitro results of the said tetraoxanes were obtained against solid tumours and, in some instances, the activity against a selected number of cell lines was higher than that of the antitumor drug Paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Opsenica
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro
| | - Kyle Dennis
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100
| | - Milhous Wilbur
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100
| | - Bogdan Solaja
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, P. O. Box 158, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro
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Synthesis of novel macrocyclic peroxides by bis(sym-collidine)iodine (I) hexafluorophosphate-mediated cyclization of unsaturated hydroperoxides and unsaturated alcohols. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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