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Kumar D, Rahman Sarkar A, Iqbal Andrabi N, Assim Haq S, Ahmed M, Kumar Shukla S, Ahmed Z, Rai R. Synthesis, characterization, and anti-inflammatory activity of tetrahydropiperine, piperic acid, and tetrahydropiperic acid via down regulation of NF-κB pathway. Cytokine 2024; 178:156578. [PMID: 38484621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The present study describes the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of tetrahydropiperine (THP), piperic acid (PA), and tetrahydropiperic acid (THPA) as anti-inflammatory agents. THPA demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory activity among all the compounds. The anti-inflammatory potential was investigated in both in-vitro and in-vivo experimental models. Our findings demonstrated that THPA effectively suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, including nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, THPA attenuated the expression of i-NOS and COX-2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The oral administration of THPA significantly reduced carrageenan induced paw edema thickness and alleviated liver, lung, and kidney injury induced by LPS. THPA also reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, prevented the occurrence of significant lesions, and mitigated tissue damage. Moreover, THPA significantly improved the survival rate of mice challenged with LPS. Our western blot studies also found that LPS induced NF-κB activation was downregulated by treatment with THPA in an in vivo system. These results collectively illustrated the potential of THPA as a therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diljeet Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aminur Rahman Sarkar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Nusrit Iqbal Andrabi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Syed Assim Haq
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sanket Kumar Shukla
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Rajkishor Rai
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India.
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2
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Hossain MM, Khalid A, Akhter Z, Parveen S, Ayaz MO, Bhat AQ, Badesra N, Showket F, Dar MS, Ahmed F, Dhiman S, Kumar M, Singh U, Hussain R, Keshari P, Mustafa G, Nargorta A, Taneja N, Gupta S, Mir RA, Kshatri AS, Nandi U, Khan N, Ramajayan P, Yadav G, Ahmed Z, Singh PP, Dar MJ. Discovery of a novel and highly selective JAK3 inhibitor as a potent hair growth promoter. J Transl Med 2024; 22:370. [PMID: 38637842 PMCID: PMC11025159 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JAK-STAT signalling pathway inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of hair loss. Among different JAK isoforms, JAK3 has become an ideal target for drug discovery because it only regulates a narrow spectrum of γc cytokines. Here, we report the discovery of MJ04, a novel and highly selective 3-pyrimidinylazaindole based JAK3 inhibitor, as a potential hair growth promoter with an IC50 of 2.03 nM. During in vivo efficacy assays, topical application of MJ04 on DHT-challenged AGA and athymic nude mice resulted in early onset of hair regrowth. Furthermore, MJ04 significantly promoted the growth of human hair follicles under ex-vivo conditions. MJ04 exhibited a reasonably good pharmacokinetic profile and demonstrated a favourable safety profile under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Taken together, we report MJ04 as a highly potent and selective JAK3 inhibitor that exhibits overall properties suitable for topical drug development and advancement to human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mehedi Hossain
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Arfan Khalid
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Zaheen Akhter
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Sabra Parveen
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mir Owais Ayaz
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Aadil Qadir Bhat
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Neetu Badesra
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Farheen Showket
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mohmmad Saleem Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Farhan Ahmed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Sumit Dhiman
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Medicinal Product Chemistry, Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Umed Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Razak Hussain
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Pankaj Keshari
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Amit Nargorta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Neha Taneja
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Riyaz A Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aravind Singh Kshatri
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Nooruddin Khan
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - P Ramajayan
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Govind Yadav
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India
| | - Parvinder Pal Singh
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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3
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Ahmed Z, Zargaran A, Zargaran D, Davies J, Ponniah A, Butler P, Mosahebi A. Fostering innovation and sustainable thinking in surgery: an evaluation of a surgical hackathon. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024. [PMID: 38563072 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2024.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgery represents a major source of carbon emissions, with numerous initiatives promoting more sustainable practices. Healthcare innovation and the development of a digitally capable workforce are fundamental in leveraging technologies to tackle challenges, including sustainability in surgery. METHODS A surgical hackathon was organised with three major themes: (1) how to make surgery greener, (2) the future of plastic surgery in 10 years, and (3) improving healthcare outcomes using machine learning. Lectures were given on sustainability and innovation using the problem, innovation, market size, strategy and team (PIMST) framework to support their presentations, as well as technological support to translate ideas into simulations or minimum viable products. Pre- and post-event questionnaires were circulated to participants. RESULTS Most attendees were medical students (65%), although doctors and engineers were also present. There was a significant increase in delegates' confidence in approaching innovation in surgery (+20%, p < 0.001). Reducing waste packaging (70%), promoting recyclable material usage (56%) and the social media dimension of public perceptions towards plastic surgery (40%) were reported as the most important issues arising from the hackathon. The top three prizes went to initiatives promoting an artificial intelligence-enhanced operative pathway, instrument sterilisation and an educational platform to teach students research and innovation skills. CONCLUSIONS Surgical hackathons can result in significant improvements in confidence in approaching innovation, as well as raising awareness of important healthcare challenges. Future innovation events may build on this to continue to empower the future workforce to leverage technologies to tackle healthcare challenges such as sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ahmed
- University College London, UK
| | - A Zargaran
- University College London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - D Zargaran
- University College London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Davies
- UCL Global Business School for Health, UK
| | - A Ponniah
- University College London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - P Butler
- University College London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Mosahebi
- University College London, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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4
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Bhardwaj M, Kour D, Rai G, Bhattacharya S, Manhas D, Vij B, Kumar A, Mukherjee D, Ahmed Z, Gandhi SG, Nandi U. EIDD-1931 Treatment Tweaks CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 in Arthritic Rats to Expedite Drug Interaction: Implication in Oral Therapy of Molnupiravir. ACS Omega 2024; 9:13982-13993. [PMID: 38559969 PMCID: PMC10976394 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
EIDD-1931 is the active form of molnupiravir, an orally effective drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) against COVID-19. Pharmacokinetic alteration can cause untoward drug interaction (drug-drug/disease-drug), but hardly any information is known about this recently approved drug. Therefore, we first investigated the impact of the arthritis state on the oral pharmacokinetics of EIDD-1931 using a widely accepted complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after ascertaining the disease occurrence by paw swelling measurement and X-ray examination. Comparative oral pharmacokinetic assessment of EIDD-1931 (normal state vs arthritis state) showed that overall plasma exposure was augmented (1.7-fold) with reduced clearance (0.54-fold), suggesting its likelihood of dose adjustment in arthritis conditions. In order to elucidate the effect of EIDD-1931 treatment at a therapeutic regime (normal state vs arthritis state) on USFDA-recommended panel of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4) for drug interaction using the same disease model, we monitored protein and mRNA expressions (rat homologs) in liver tissue by western blotting (WB) and real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Results reveal that EIDD-1931 treatment could strongly influence CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 among experimental proteins/mRNAs. Although CYP2C8 regulation upon EIDD-1931 treatment resembles similar behavior under the arthritis state, results dictate a potentially reverse phenomenon for CYP3A4. Moreover, the lack of any CYP inhibitory effect by EIDD-1931 in human/rat liver microsomes (HLM/RLM) helps to ascertain EIDD-1931 treatment-mediated disease-drug interaction and the possibility of drug-drug interaction with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) upon coadministration. As elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels are prevalent in RA and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and nuclear receptors control CYP expressions, further studies should focus on understanding the regulation of affected CYPs to subside unexpected drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Bhardwaj
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Garima Rai
- Infectious
Diseases Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Srija Bhattacharya
- Natural
Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Diksha Manhas
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Natural
Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Bose institute, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sumit G. Gandhi
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Infectious
Diseases Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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5
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Afzal F, Spieker K, Hurck P, Abt S, Achenbach P, Adlarson P, Ahmed Z, Akondi CS, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Bashkanov M, Beck R, Biroth M, Borisov N, Braghieri A, Briscoe WJ, Cividini F, Collicott C, Costanza S, Denig A, Dieterle M, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fegan S, Gardner S, Ghosal D, Glazier DI, Gorodnov I, Gradl W, Gurevich D, Heijkenskjöld L, Hornidge D, Huber GM, Kashevarov VL, Kay SJD, Korolija M, Krusche B, Lazarev A, Livingston K, Lutterer S, MacGregor IJD, Macrae RG, Manley DM, Martel PP, Miskimen R, Mocanu M, Mornacchi E, Mullen C, Neganov A, Neiser A, Oberle M, Ostrick M, Otte PB, Paudyal D, Pedroni P, Powell A, Reicherz G, Rostomyan T, Sfienti C, Sokhoyan V, Steffen O, Strakovsky II, Strub T, Supek I, Thiel A, Thiel M, Thomas A, Usov YA, Wagner S, Walford NK, Watts DP, Werthmüller D, Wettig J, Witthauer L, Wolfes M, Zachariou N. First Measurement Using Elliptically Polarized Photons of the Double-Polarization Observable E for γp→pπ^{0} and γp→nπ^{+}. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:121902. [PMID: 38579200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.121902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
We report the measurement of the helicity asymmetry E for the pπ^{0} and nπ^{+} final states using, for the first time, an elliptically polarized photon beam in combination with a longitudinally polarized target at the Crystal Ball experiment at MAMI. The results agree very well with data that were taken with a circularly polarized photon beam, showing that it is possible to simultaneously measure polarization observables that require linearly (e.g., G) and circularly polarized photons (e.g., E) and a longitudinally polarized target. The new data cover a photon energy range 270-1400 MeV for the pπ^{0} final state (230-842 MeV for the nπ^{+} final state) and the full range of pion polar angles, θ, providing the most precise measurement of the observable E. A moment analysis gives a clear observation of the pη cusp in the pπ^{0} final state.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Afzal
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K Spieker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - P Hurck
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Abt
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Achenbach
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Adlarson
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada
| | - C S Akondi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Bashkanov
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Biroth
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Borisov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Braghieri
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - W J Briscoe
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - F Cividini
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Collicott
- Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Mary's University, E4L1E6 Halifax, Canada
| | - S Costanza
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Denig
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Dieterle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E J Downie
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - P Drexler
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - S Fegan
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - S Gardner
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Ghosal
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I Gorodnov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - W Gradl
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Gurevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research, RU-125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - L Heijkenskjöld
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L1E6, Canada
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada
| | - V L Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - S J D Kay
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Krusche
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Lazarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Lutterer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R G Macrae
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D M Manley
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - P P Martel
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L1E6, Canada
| | - R Miskimen
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - M Mocanu
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - E Mornacchi
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Mullen
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Neganov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Neiser
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Oberle
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P B Otte
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Paudyal
- University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S0A2, Canada
| | - P Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Powell
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr Universität, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Rostomyan
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Sfienti
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V Sokhoyan
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Steffen
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I I Strakovsky
- Center for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - T Strub
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Thiel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yu A Usov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - S Wagner
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N K Walford
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D P Watts
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - D Werthmüller
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Wettig
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Witthauer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Ch-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Wolfes
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Zachariou
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
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6
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Assim Haq S, Paudwal G, Banjare N, Iqbal Andrabi N, Wazir P, Nandi U, Ahmed Z, Gupta PN. Sustained release polymer and surfactant based solid dispersion of andrographolide exhibited improved solubility, dissolution, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activity. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123786. [PMID: 38185339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Andrographolide (AD) is a potent natural product with a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, it has low oral bioavailability due to poor solubility and dissolution rate. Solid dispersion (SD) is a promising technique to improve the solubility and dissolution rate of such molecules. In this study, SD formulation of AD was prepared using Kollidon-SR (KSR) and Poloxamer-407 (P-407) as carriers. SD was prepared using the solvent evaporation method and evaluated for the modulation of solubility of AD. The developed SD formulation was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Further, dissolution rate, yield, drug content, stability, flowability, and pharmacokinetic profile of SD were evaluated. The compatibility of SD with the Caco-2 cells and its impact on the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated efflux was also investigated. Furthermore, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and adjuvant-induced arthritic model were used to evaluate the efficacy of SD. The results showed that SD3 (AD + KSR + P-407, 1:6:8) exhibited the highest solubility and dissolution rate, and significantly improved pharmacokinetic profile compared to native AD. SD3 was found to be stable during storage and displayed excellent yield, drug content, and flowability. This formulation was found to be compatible with the Caco-2 cells and retarded the efflux of P-gp substrate. SD3 also demonstrated substantially better efficacy than native AD in terms of paw edema inhibition (carrageenan-induced paw edema, Wistar rats), and overall improvement of disease condition (in terms of paw edema, arthritic score, AST, ALT, cytokines, radiological changes, and histopathology) in arthritic Wistar rats. In conclusion, SD3 exhibited improved solubility, dissolution rate, pharmacokinetic profile, and pharmacological activity than native AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Assim Haq
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gourav Paudwal
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nagma Banjare
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nusrit Iqbal Andrabi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priya Wazir
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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7
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Iqbal Andrabi N, Sarkar AR, Assim Haq S, Kumar D, Kour D, Saroch D, Kumar Shukla S, Kumar A, Bhagat A, Ali A, Kour G, Ahmed Z. Site-selective synthesis and pharmacological elucidation of novel semi-synthetic analogues of koenimbine as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111059. [PMID: 37979450 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Koenimbine (1), a carbazole alkaloid isolated from Murraya koenigii, belongs to the Rutaceae family. Various pharmacological effects such as anti-diabetic, melanogenesis inhibition, anti-diarrheal, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties of koenimbine have already been reported. In the current study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory role of koenimbine (1) and its novel semi-synthetic derivative 8-methoxy-3,3,5-trimethylpyrano[3,2-a] carbazole-11(3H)-yl) (3-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) methanone (1G) in both in vitro and in vivo biological systems. Our results demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of 1G significantly lowered the production of NO, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α & IL-1β), LTB4 following LPS stimulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, 1G significantly attenuated the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a dose dependent manner and also decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, the oral administration of 1G reduced the inflammatory response in carrageenan-induced paw edema in BALB/C mice. Moreover, it effectively reduced NO, IL-6, IL-1β & TNF-α levels, liver markers (AST, ALT), and kidney markers (BUN, CRE, and Urea). Also, 1G reverted the infiltration of inflammatory cells and tissue damage in lungs, liver and kidney enhanced the survival rate in LPS-challenged mice. 1G blocks NF-κB p65 from translocating into the nucleus and activating inflammatory gene transcription. These results illustrated that 1G suppresses the inflammatory effects both in-vitro and in-vivo studies via downregulating the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that semi-synthetic derivative 1G can effectively attenuate the inflammatory response via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways; suggesting 1G is a potential novel anti-inflammatory drug candidate in treating inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrit Iqbal Andrabi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Aminur R Sarkar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Syed Assim Haq
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diljeet Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diksha Saroch
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sanket Kumar Shukla
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Asha Bhagat
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gurleen Kour
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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8
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Choudhary R, Saroch D, Kumar D, Anjum S, Andrabi NI, Akram T, Shah BA, Shukla SK, Bhagat A, Kour G, Ahmed Z. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of methotrexate in combination with BA-25, an amino analogue of β-boswellic acid in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine 2023; 172:156398. [PMID: 37820446 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
β- boswellic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene derived from Boswellia serrata is extensively known for its anti-inflammatory potential. BA-25 (3-α-o-acetoxy-4β-amino-11-oxo-24-norurs-12-ene) is an amino analogue of β-boswellic acid that has shown anti-inflammatory potential in LPS-induced macrophages and animal models. The present study aims at investigation of the combination of BA-25 with the conventional gold standard DMARD methotrexate (MTX) for its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. The anti-inflammatory potential of MTX versus the combination (BA-25 + MTX) was investigated for inhibition of NO, ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 using ELISA in LPS-stimulated RAW-264.7 cells. The results demonstrated significant reduction in NO, ROS, TNF- α and IL-6 production with the combination treatment in comparison to MTX alone. The cytokine inhibition potential of the combination was further validated in-vivo using balb/c wherein the combination restored LPS-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines. The toxicological aspect of the in vivo doses of the combination was also investigated in mice after dosing for 28 days wherein the results suggested no significant change in the hematological parameters and serum biochemical parameters in the combination versus the vehicle group. The effect of BA-25 was also investigated on MTX-induced increase in liver function tests and the expression of Bax and blc2. The results demonstrated decrease in the production of liver enzymes with BA-25 administration along with downregulating the expression of apoptotic protein Bax while increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies of BA-25 were conducted in Balb/c mice wherein the compound showed rapid absorption, high volume of distribution and a t1/2 of 13.08. Finally the anti-arthritic effect of the combination of MTX + BA-25 vs MTX alone was investigated using CIA model in DBA/1 mice wherein the treatment with the combination resulted in significant reduction in paw inflammation, IL-6 and IL-1β levels. Furthermore, the western blot analysis demonstrated considerable decrease in the expression of p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκB in the ankle-joint tissue of the CIA mice treated with the combination therapy. The results insinuated increased anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic potential of the combination of MTX with BA-25 as evident from in to vitro and in-vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Choudhary
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diksha Saroch
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diljeet Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sobia Anjum
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nusrit Iqbal Andrabi
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Tazeem Akram
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sanket K Shukla
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Asha Bhagat
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gurleen Kour
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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9
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Fayaz F, Singh K, Gairola S, Ahmed Z, Shah BA. A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Rosa Species (Rosaceae). Curr Top Med Chem 2023:CTMC-EPUB-135798. [PMID: 37937578 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266274385231023075011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The Rosa L. genus is a significant plant family in the Rosaceae group, consisting of around 200 species, primarily shrubs. In India, it has 37 species, most located in the Western Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. Roses are highly regarded for their beauty and growth and are popular worldwide for their nutritional, therapeutic, ornamental, and cosmetic value. The rose hips are utilized in creating various food and drink items, such as jams, jellies, teas, and alcoholic beverages. The Rosa species has various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-proliferative/anticancer, anti-arthritic, neurological, and anti-obesity activity. This review aims to provide an in- -depth overview of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the Rosa species in India, focusing on Rosa indica L., which has significant potential for future chemical and biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Fayaz
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kanwaljeet Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Plant Sciences & Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sumeet Gairola
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Plant Sciences & Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Plant Sciences & Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Bhahwal Ali Shah
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Natural Products and Medicinal Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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10
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Singh C, Sharma P, Ahmed M, Kumar D, Sharma YB, Samanta J, Ahmed Z, Shukla SK, Hazra A, Bharitkar YP. Semisynthesis of Novel Dispiro-pyrrolizidino/thiopyrrolizidino-oxindolo/indanedione Natural Product Hybrids of Parthenin Followed by Their Cytotoxicity Evaluation. ACS Omega 2023; 8:35283-35294. [PMID: 37779957 PMCID: PMC10536096 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural products possess unique and broader intricacies in the chemical space and have been essential for drug discovery. The crucial factor for drug discovery success is not the size of the library but rather its structural diversity. Although reports on the number of new structurally diverse natural products (NPs) have declined recently, researchers follow the next logical step: synthesizing natural product hybrids and their analogues using the most potent tool, diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS). Here, we use weed Parthenium hysterophorus as a source of parthenin for synthesis of novel dispiro-pyrrolizidino/thiopyrrolizidino-oxindolo/indanedione natural product hybrids of parthenin via chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective azomethine ylide cycloaddition. All synthesized compounds were characterized through a detailed analysis of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR and HRMS data, and the stereochemistries of the compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four cell lines (HCT-116, A549, Mia-Paca-2, and MCF-7), and compound 6 inhibited the HCT-116 cells with an IC50 of 5.0 ± 0.08 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan
Paul Singh
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmed
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diljeet Kumar
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Yogesh Brijwashi Sharma
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Jayanta Samanta
- Department
of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and
Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sanket Kumar Shukla
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abhijit Hazra
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Yogesh P. Bharitkar
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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11
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Sharma S, Choudhary S, Kaur S, Reddy MV, Thota N, Singh A, Koul S, Khan IA, Ahmed Z, Kumar A. Piperine analog PGP-41 treatment overcomes paclitaxel resistance in NCI/ADR-RES ovarian cells by inhibition of MDR1. Chem Biol Interact 2023:110569. [PMID: 37244399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance is one of the leading causes of the failure of chemotherapy. Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in cancer cells is one of the most important contributing factors toward the development of chemoresistance. This study was designed to synthesize the derivatives of dihydronaphthyl and to evaluate the P-gp inhibition activity of these compounds. Among all the compounds, PGP-41 showed the most potent P-gp inhibition activity in colorectal adenocarcinoma LS-180 cells. This compound showed potent P-gp inhibition activity in chemoresistant ovarian cell line NCI/ADR-RES. Paclitaxel is one of the first lines of drugs for treating ovarian cancer and is a substrate of P-gp; therefore, NCI/ADR-RES cells are highly resistant to treatment with paclitaxel. Based on this information, we evaluated PGP-41 to overcome the paclitaxel resistance of NCI/ADR-RES cells. PGP-41 was able to sensitize the NCI/ADR-RES cells to the treatment of paclitaxel, which was evident by the reduced IC50 value of paclitaxel from 6.64 μM to 0.12 μM. The sensitization of NCI/ADR-RES cells by PGP-41 was comparable to that of elacridar and Zosuquidar. Further studies revealed that the PGP-41 exerts its effect by downregulating the expression of P-gp. Reduction of P-gp activity leads to the accumulation of higher intracellular concentration of paclitaxel, and thus allowing it to interact with its targets, which further helps in its increased efficacy. Paclitaxel was able to arrest the sensitized NCI/ADR-RES cells into G2M phase, which ultimately led to the induction of apoptotic proteins and the death of cancer cells. Being a different scaffold from zosuquidar and elacridar, further studies are required to develop PGP-41 into a potential drug to overcome chemoresistance in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Sharma
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabaad, 201002, India
| | - Sushil Choudhary
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabaad, 201002, India
| | - Sukhleen Kaur
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabaad, 201002, India
| | - M Venkat Reddy
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India
| | - Niranjan Thota
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Eurofins Selcia Ltd., Chelmsford, London, UK
| | - Amarinder Singh
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India
| | - Surrinder Koul
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India
| | - Inshad Ali Khan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabaad, 201002, India.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, 180016, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabaad, 201002, India.
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Kung C, Lawrence K, Ahmed Z, McPolin-Hall E, Barnard I, Brand S, Frame J, Philpott M, Castrejon-Pita R, Hannen R. 233 A novel ex vivo skin culture device enables clinically representative skin testing. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Lawrence K, Kung C, Ahmed Z, Bashall S, Brand S, Frame J, Philpott M, Castrejon-Pita R, Hannen R. 222 Enhanced Environmental Control Resolves Limitations of Standard Skin Culture by Mimicking Physiological Conditions. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Mir KB, Faheem MM, Ahmad SM, Rasool JU, Amin T, Chakraborty S, Bhagat M, Ahmed Z, Ali A, Goswami A. β-(4-fluorobenzyl) Arteannuin B induced interaction of ATF-4 and C/EBPβ mediates the transition of breast cancer cells from autophagy to senescence. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1013500. [PMID: 36465376 PMCID: PMC9713483 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1013500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ATF-4 is a master regulator of transcription of genes essential for cellular-adaptive function. In response to the quantum and duration of stress, ATF-4 diligently responds to both pro-apoptotic and pro-survival signals converging into either autophagy or apoptosis/senescence. Despite emerging cues implying a relationship between autophagy and senescence, how these two processes are controlled remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate β-(4-fluorobenzyl) Arteannuin B (here after Arteannuin 09), a novel semisynthetic derivative of Arteannuin B, as a potent ER stress inducer leading to the consistent activation of ATF-4. Persistent ATF-4 expression at early time-points facilitates the autophagy program and consequently by upregulating p21 at later time-points, the signaling is shifted towards G2/M cell cycle arrest. As bZIP transcription factors including ATF-4 are obligate dimers, and because ATF-4 homodimers are not highly stable, we hypothesized that ATF-4 may induce p21 expression by physically interacting with another bZIP family member i.e., C/EBPβ. Our co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies demonstrated that ATF-4 is principally responsible for the autophagic potential of Arteannuin 09, while as, induction of both ATF-4 and C/EBPβ is indispensable for the p21 regulated-cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy signaling switches the fate of Arteannuin 09 treated cells from senescence to apoptosis. Lastly, our data accomplished that Arteannuin 09 is a potent inhibitor of tumor growth and inducer of premature senescence in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Bashir Mir
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Mir Mohd Faheem
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | - Syed Mudabir Ahmad
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Javeed Ur Rasool
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Tanzeeba Amin
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | | | | | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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15
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Manhas RS, Koul D, Kumar P, Kumar A, Bhagat A, Madishetti S, Sangwan PL, Ahmed Z, Chaubey A. Talaromyces purpurogenus MRS-F13 catalyzed biotransformation of (-)-verbenone to (-)-10-hydroxyverbenone and their anti-inflammatory activity profile. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2022.2138359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S. Manhas
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
| | - Diksha Koul
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Quality Management &Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Asha Bhagat
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Payare L. Sangwan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
- Natural Products & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR-Human Resource Development Centre, Campus Ghaziabad, India
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Asha Chaubey
- Fermentation & Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
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16
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Phelan M, Thompson N, Ahmed Z, Anderson E, Katzan I, Lapin B. 143 Understanding the Frequency of Emergency Department Utilization by Neurology Clinic Headache Patients Who Self-Report Visiting the Emergency Department for Headaches. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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17
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Kumar A, Kour G, Chibber P, Saroch D, Kumar C, Ahmed Z. Novel alantolactone derivative AL-04 exhibits potential anti-inflammatory activity via modulation of iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB. Cytokine 2022; 158:155978. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Zhang J, Zhou A, Jawaid A, Adebayo O, Hashmi Y, Krkovic M, Ahmed Z. 876 Veriset Haemostatic Patch, Indications, Benefits and Complications: A Systematic Review. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Achieving haemostasis intraoperatively is important for minimising blood loss, complications, and operation time. Suturing, cauterisation, fibrin glues and patches are used for this purpose. We explore Veriset, a patch consisting of polyethylene glycol and oxidised cellulose, to determine and compare its safety and effectiveness.
Method
Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl and Cochrane databases were searched. Data points collected were Study/subject characteristics/demographics, surgery/specialty, time to haemostasis, proportion of haemostasis achieved, intraoperative adverse events, post operative complications, follow up time, and biochemical/histological analysis. Risk of Bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale
Results
Six studies were included; four human trials (3 RCTs, 1 case series) and two animal trials.
The human trials combined had 250 patients, with 147 using Veriset. In two RCTs, Veriset showed faster time to haemostasis and higher proportion of haemostasis achieved vs suturing and Tachosil haemostatic patch. In all three RCTs, no significant differences in adverse events and complications were seen between Veriset and suturing/Tachosil. Vascular, nephrectomy and hepatic surgery were investigated.
In the animal studies, the pig trial showed similar effectiveness and safety as the human trials. The rat study compared novel experimental patches to Veriset, and showed similar effectiveness to Veriset, at reduced costs.
Conclusions
Although current literature is scarce, Veriset is more effective than alternatives for haemostasis, with similar safety, although there are now other experimental patches that could have better health economic implications. Further clinical trials would be necessary to determine the breadth of applicable surgical fields for Veriset.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Clinical School of Medicine, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - A Zhou
- Clinical School of Medicine, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - A Jawaid
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - O Adebayo
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - Y Hashmi
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - M Krkovic
- Addenbrookes Hospital , Cambridge , United Kingdom
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
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19
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Mak Q, Madden J, Ahmed Z, Kum F, Makanjuola J, Cakir O. 541 Pre-Operative Assessment of Patients Undergoing Elective TURBT or Rigid Cystoscopy + Bladder Biopsy: Is a Group & Save Clinically Required? Br J Surg 2022. [PMCID: PMC9452096 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac269.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Aim Method Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Mak
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Madden
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ahmed
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Kum
- King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom,King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - O Cakir
- King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Jan I, Andrabi NI, Arfath Y, Akram T, Kotra T, Ahmed Z, Kumar M. Anti-inflammatory Potential of Euphorbia helioscopia Extracts against RAW264.7 Macrophages. Pharmacognosy Res 2022. [DOI: 10.5530/pres.14.3.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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21
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Kumar A, Sawhney G, Kumar Nagar R, Chauhan N, Gupta N, Kaul A, Ahmed Z, Sangwan PL, Satheesh Kumar P, Yadav G. Corrigendum to "Evaluation of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of Bakuchiol using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines and in animal models stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)" [Int. Immunopharmacol. 91 (2021) 107264]. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109003. [PMID: 35778365 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Nagar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Narendra Chauhan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Anpurna Kaul
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - P L Sangwan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - P Satheesh Kumar
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Govind Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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22
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Georges F, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Ko HS, Israel N, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde CE, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li WB, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Mazouz M, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Cross Section at High Bjorken x_{B}. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:252002. [PMID: 35802440 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.252002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report high-precision measurements of the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) cross section at high values of the Bjorken variable x_{B}. DVCS is sensitive to the generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, which provide a three-dimensional description of its internal constituents. Using the exact analytic expression of the DVCS cross section for all possible polarization states of the initial and final electron and nucleon, and final state photon, we present the first experimental extraction of all four helicity-conserving Compton form factors (CFFs) of the nucleon as a function of x_{B}, while systematically including helicity flip amplitudes. In particular, the high accuracy of the present data demonstrates sensitivity to some very poorly known CFFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 6997801, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23901, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Mazouz
- Faculté des Sciences de Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipartimento di Fisica delle Università degli di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Tunxi, Daizhen Road 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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23
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Mornacchi E, Martel PP, Abt S, Achenbach P, Adlarson P, Afzal F, Ahmed Z, Annand JRM, Arends HJ, Bashkanov M, Beck R, Biroth M, Borisov N, Braghieri A, Briscoe WJ, Cividini F, Collicott C, Costanza S, Denig A, Dolzhikov AS, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fegan S, Gardner S, Ghosal D, Glazier DI, Gorodnov I, Gradl W, Günther M, Gurevich D, Heijkenskjöld L, Hornidge D, Huber GM, Käser A, Kashevarov VL, Kay SJD, Korolija M, Krusche B, Lazarev A, Livingston K, Lutterer S, MacGregor IJD, Manley DM, Miskimen R, Mocanu M, Mullen C, Neganov A, Neiser A, Ostrick M, Paudyal D, Pedroni P, Powell A, Rostomyan T, Sokhoyan V, Spieker K, Steffen O, Strakovsky I, Strub T, Thiel M, Thomas A, Usov YA, Wagner S, Watts DP, Werthmüller D, Wettig J, Wolfes M, Zachariou N. Measurement of Compton Scattering at MAMI for the Extraction of the Electric and Magnetic Polarizabilities of the Proton. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:132503. [PMID: 35426697 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.132503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A precise measurement of the differential cross sections dσ/dΩ and the linearly polarized photon beam asymmetry Σ_{3} for Compton scattering on the proton below pion threshold has been performed with a tagged photon beam and almost 4π detector at the Mainz Microtron. The incident photons were produced by the recently upgraded Glasgow-Mainz photon tagging facility and impinged on a cryogenic liquid hydrogen target, with the scattered photons detected in the Crystal Ball/TAPS setup. Using the highest statistics Compton scattering data ever measured on the proton along with two effective field theories (both covariant baryon and heavy-baryon) and one fixed-t dispersion relation model, constraining the fits with the Baldin sum rule, we have obtained the proton electric and magnetic polarizabilities with unprecedented precision: α_{E1}=10.99±0.16±0.47±0.17±0.34, β_{M1}=3.14±0.21±0.24±0.20±0.35; in units of 10^{-4} fm^{3} where the errors are statistical, systematic, spin polarizability dependent, and model dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mornacchi
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P P Martel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - S Abt
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Achenbach
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Adlarson
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Afzal
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - J R M Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H J Arends
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Bashkanov
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Biroth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Borisov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | | | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052-0001, USA
| | - F Cividini
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Collicott
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Costanza
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Denig
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A S Dolzhikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - E J Downie
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052-0001, USA
| | - P Drexler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Fegan
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - S Gardner
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Ghosal
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D I Glazier
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - I Gorodnov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - W Gradl
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Günther
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Gurevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - L Heijkenskjöld
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E6, Canada
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - A Käser
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - V L Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - S J D Kay
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - B Krusche
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Lazarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - K Livingston
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Lutterer
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I J D MacGregor
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D M Manley
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242-0001, USA
| | - R Miskimen
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - M Mocanu
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - C Mullen
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Neganov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - A Neiser
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D Paudyal
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - P Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A Powell
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - T Rostomyan
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - V Sokhoyan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K Spieker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - O Steffen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052-0001, USA
| | - T Strub
- Departement für Physik, Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yu A Usov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - S Wagner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D P Watts
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - D Werthmüller
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Wettig
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Wolfes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Zachariou
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom
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24
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Christy ME, Gautam T, Ou L, Schmookler B, Wang Y, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Ali SF, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison SL, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Arrington J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Camacho CM, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellanos J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Dlamini M, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Georges F, Gilad S, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gramolin AV, Gray VM, Gu C, Habarakada A, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Israel N, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Karki B, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu H, Liu J, Liyanage AH, Mack D, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, Mayilyan S, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesick K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Moffit B, Montgomery R, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obrecht RF, Ohanyan K, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park K, Park S, Peng C, Persio FD, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Rashad MNH, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Stefanko A, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Tan Y, Thorne L, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Uniyal R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye ZH, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao YX, Zhu P. Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:102002. [PMID: 35333083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q^{2}) up to 15.75 (GeV/c)^{2}. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form factor at high Q^{2} and double the range over which a longitudinal or transverse separation of the cross section can be performed. The difference between our results and polarization data agrees with that observed at lower Q^{2} and attributed to hard two-photon exchange (TPE) effects, extending to 8 (GeV/c)^{2} the range of Q^{2} for which a discrepancy is established at >95% confidence. We use the discrepancy to quantify the size of TPE contributions needed to explain the cross section at high Q^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Wang
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A & M University, Kingsville, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia 20064, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
- Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S L Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Arrington
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | | | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellanos
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Deconinck
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Georges
- Ecole Centrale Paris, 3 Rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Gilad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A V Gramolin
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - V M Gray
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A Habarakada
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Hernandez
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashland, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A H Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - D Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Magee
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Mayilyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesick
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - B Moffit
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - R F Obrecht
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K Ohanyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - F D Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Riordan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Širca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tan
- Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250100, China
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - R Uniyal
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, 44 Daizhen Road, Tunxi District, Huangshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z H Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
- Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - Y X Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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25
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Ahmed Z, Rahman T, Hussain K, Khatun M, Chowdhury M, Faruqe T, Toma F, Ahmed Y, Khan M, Alam M. Characterization and optimization of ZnS thin film properties synthesis via chemical bath deposition method for solar cell buffer layer. MGC 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Zinc Sulphide is one of most studied semiconductor with wide band gap (3.5–3.9 eV) versatile material due to its physical and chemical properties. ZnS is a non-toxic material and a suitable candidate to be a buffer layer for heterojunction solar cells. In this study, Zinc Sulphide (ZnS) thin films were deposited by chemical bath deposition technique using Zinc Acetate Dihydrate [Zn (CH3COO)2. 2H2O] and Thiourea [CH4N2S]. The ZnS thin films samples were characterized by UV-Vis NIR Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thin-Film Measurement Instrument. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of ZnS bond in the crystalline thin film. XRD data confirmed the cubic structure of the deposited thin film only when the amount of Thiourea was increased and the complexing agent Hydrazine Hydrate was replaced with Tri-Sodium Citrate. Crystallite size and strain were estimated using Debye-Scherrer model and Williamson-Hall model and lattice constant was estimated using Nelson-Riley plot. Otherwise, XRD showed the amorphous phase. UV-Vis data confirmed ZnS thin films as enough transmittive and it showed higher bandgap. Thin-Film Measurement Instrument was used to measure the thickness of the ZnS thin films. Synthesized ZnS thin films exhibited promising characteristics for using as the buffer layer of the heterojunction solar cells. Highlights • ZnS thin films were prepared successfully by simple, low cost and environment friendly chemical bath deposition method. • XRD measurement confirmed both Amorphous and Crystalline phase of ZnS thin films. • By changing the precursor only can be achieved crystalline phase from amorphous phase of ZnS thin film. • The amount of precursor and deposition conditions can be optimized to produce crystalline ZnS thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Tareq Rahman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - K.M.A. Hussain
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M.T. Khatun
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M.S.S. Chowdhury
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - T. Faruqe
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - F.T.Z. Toma
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Y. Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Mawlana Bhashani Science & Technology University, Bangladesh
| | - M.N.I. Khan
- Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M.M. Alam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
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26
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Sharma N, Khajuria V, Gupta S, Kumar C, Sharma A, Lone NA, Paul S, Meena SR, Ahmed Z, Satti NK, Verma MK. Dereplication Based Strategy for Rapid Identification and Isolation of a Novel Anti-inflammatory Flavonoid by LCMS/MS from Colebrookea oppositifolia. ACS Omega 2021; 6:30241-30259. [PMID: 34805658 PMCID: PMC8600527 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colebrookea oppositifolia is a folkloric medicinal plant, well known for its tremendous medicinal properties such as curing epilepsy, ulcers, and urinary problems. The aim of the present study was to apply the dereplication strategy on the ethanol extract of C. oppositifolia with potent anti-inflammatory activity for the rapid identification and isolation of novel bioactive molecules to aid the drug discovery process. An integrated approach using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the isolation of potent molecules from the anti-inflammatory extract of C. oppositifolia . Purity of the compounds (>98.5%) was established by HPLC, and identification was carried out by NMR and ESI-MS. 5,6,7-Trihydroxyflavone-3-O-glucuronide methyl ester (compound III) isolated from C. oppositifolia was extensively studied for anti-inflammatory potential in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and the mice model. Compound III significantly repressed various proinflammatory mediators and upregulated the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Compound III reduced inflammation when studied for parameters such as the phagocytic index, carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice, and effect on organ weight. It reduced inflammation in a dose-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo. Further molecular insights into the study revealed that compound III blocks the phosphorylation of I kappa b kinase α/β (IKKα/β), IκBα, and nuclear factor kB p65 (NF-κBp65) which is a key controller of inflammation, thereby showing anti-inflammatory potential. Hence, this study permits further investigation to develop compound III as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Natural
Product Chemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Vidushi Khajuria
- Inflammation
Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative, Jammu 180001, India
- AcSIR:
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Shilpa Gupta
- Inflammation
Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative, Jammu 180001, India
- AcSIR:
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Chetan Kumar
- Natural
Product Chemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- AcSIR:
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu 180006, India
- PK-PD
and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Nazir Ahmad Lone
- AcSIR:
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu 180006, India
- PK-PD
and Toxicology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Satya Paul
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Siya Ram Meena
- Genetic Resource
& Agrotech. Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Inflammation
Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative, Jammu 180001, India
- AcSIR:
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jammu 180006, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Satti
- Natural
Product Chemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Verma
- Natural
Product Chemistry Division, Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
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27
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Ur Rasool J, Sawhney G, Shaikh M, Nalli Y, Madishetti S, Ahmed Z, Ali A. Site selective synthesis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of Spiro-isoxazoline stitched adducts of arteannuin B. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105408. [PMID: 34655840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A library of new spiroisoxazoline analogues of arteannuin B was synthesized through 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition in stereoselective fashion and consequently screened for anti-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Three potent analogues (8i, 8 m, and 8n) were found to attenuate the LPS induced release of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α more potently than the parent molecule. Also, the inhibition of LPS induced nitric oxide production in these cells show moderate to high efficacy. None of the three potent molecules have altered the viability of RAW 264.7 cells following 48 h incubation suggesting that the inhibition of cytokines and nitric oxide production exhibited in the cells was not due to toxicity. In addition, these compounds exhibit an IC50 range of 0.17 µM-1.57 µM and 0.09 µM-0.35 µM for the inhibition of IL-6 release and nitric oxide production respectively. The results disclose potent inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators which are encouraging and warrant further investigations to develop new therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed Ur Rasool
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Majeed Shaikh
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, J&K 180001, India
| | - Asif Ali
- Natural Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
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28
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Rison SCG, Dostal I, Ahmed Z, Raisi-Estabragh Z, Carvalho C, Lobo M, Patel R, Antoniou M, Boomla K, McManus RJ, Robson JP. Protocol design and preliminary evaluation of the REAL-Health Triple Aim, an open-cohort CVD-care optimisation initiative. Eur Heart J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8524644 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Effective treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in primary care could be improved. We aim to assess the efficacy of a scalable treatment optimisation programme in unselected community populations in South East England, with the triple aim of improved blood pressure control in people with hypertension, increased high-intensity statin use in people with CVD and reduced gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on antithrombotic medication.
Method
This observational study comprises an open cohort of approximately 200,000 adults at high cardiovascular risk registered with general practitioners in five South East England Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs). An intervention programme is planned in four of these CCGs with a further non-intervention CCG acting as a control group. The intervention will consist of: clinical guidelines and educational outreach; virtual patient-reviews software; peer-performance “dashboards” and, where available, financial incentives.
The study will examine 3 primary outcomes: 1. Diagnosed hypertension with a blood pressure <140/90mmHg; 2. Diagnosed CVD on a high-intensity statin; 3. A cardiovascular indication for antithrombotic therapy with one or more factors for increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (e.g. age ≥65) on gastroprotection. A further 17 secondary outcomes related to these three aims will be assessed.
Analysis
We will use an interrupted time series analysis over 18 months, representing the pre-implementation, implementation and the post-implementation phases with comparison to the control CCG and applicable national Quality and Outcomes Framework and national prescribing statistics (e.g. OpenPrescribing). Secondary outcomes include an equity impact analysis with results stratified by age, gender, ethnic group and index of deprivation.
Preliminary data
We present preliminary data on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) collected from 191 GP practices including [percentage achievement on 01/09/2019, on 01/09/2020]: 1. Patients with hypertension and most recent blood pressure ≤140/90mmHg [68.7%, 60.6%]. 2. Patients eligible for treatment with a high-intensity statin on such treatment [53.8%, 55.8%]. 3. Patients on antithrombotics with ≥1 risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding on gastroprotection [59.0%, 60.1%]. We also present our virtual patient-review software tool and outcome visualisation dashboard.
Conclusion
The REAL-Health Triple Aim initiative is a large-scale primary care cardiovascular risk reduction initiative which was launched almost contemporaneously with the United Kingdom's first SARS-CoV-2 related lockdown. Preliminary data justify the need for the Triple Aim initiative and give us an insight on the impact of the pandemic on its implementation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Barts CharityBritish Heart Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- S C G Rison
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - I Dostal
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ahmed
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - C Carvalho
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Lobo
- William Harvey Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Patel
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Antoniou
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Boomla
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J McManus
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Science, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J P Robson
- Queen Mary University of London, Clinical Effectiveness Group, London, United Kingdom
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29
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Dlamini M, Karki B, Ali SF, Lin PJ, Georges F, Ko HS, Israel N, Rashad MNH, Stefanko A, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison S, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellano J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Christy ME, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, De Persio F, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Franklin G, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gautam T, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gray VM, Gu C, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu J, Liu H, Liyanage A, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesik K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Montgomery R, Muñoz Camacho C, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obretch OF, Ou L, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park S, Park K, Peng C, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Reimer PE, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Schmookler B, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Thorne L, Tian Y, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wang Y, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye Z, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhu P. Deep Exclusive Electroproduction of π^{0} at High Q^{2} in the Quark Valence Regime. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:152301. [PMID: 34678020 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the exclusive neutral pion electroproduction cross section off protons at large values of x_{B} (0.36, 0.48, and 0.60) and Q^{2} (3.1 to 8.4 GeV^{2}) obtained from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E12-06-014. The corresponding structure functions dσ_{T}/dt+εdσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{TT}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{LT^{'}}/dt are extracted as a function of the proton momentum transfer t-t_{min}. The results suggest the amplitude for transversely polarized virtual photons continues to dominate the cross section throughout this kinematic range. The data are well described by calculations based on transversity generalized parton distributions coupled to a helicity flip distribution amplitude of the pion, thus providing a unique way to probe the structure of the nucleon.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - F Georges
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H-S Ko
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, 08826 Seoul, Korea
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellano
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Ag. and Tech. State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F De Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 699780 1, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Franklin
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - V M Gray
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashlan, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo 121613, Egypt
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - A Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J Magee
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesik
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Muñoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - O F Obretch
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tian
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Dipt. Di Fisica delle Uni. di Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Wang
- The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, Huangshan, Anhui, 245041, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Y Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Ade PAR, Ahmed Z, Amiri M, Barkats D, Thakur RB, Bischoff CA, Beck D, Bock JJ, Boenish H, Bullock E, Buza V, Cheshire JR, Connors J, Cornelison J, Crumrine M, Cukierman A, Denison EV, Dierickx M, Duband L, Eiben M, Fatigoni S, Filippini JP, Fliescher S, Goeckner-Wald N, Goldfinger DC, Grayson J, Grimes P, Hall G, Halal G, Halpern M, Hand E, Harrison S, Henderson S, Hildebrandt SR, Hilton GC, Hubmayr J, Hui H, Irwin KD, Kang J, Karkare KS, Karpel E, Kefeli S, Kernasovskiy SA, Kovac JM, Kuo CL, Lau K, Leitch EM, Lennox A, Megerian KG, Minutolo L, Moncelsi L, Nakato Y, Namikawa T, Nguyen HT, O'Brient R, Ogburn RW, Palladino S, Prouve T, Pryke C, Racine B, Reintsema CD, Richter S, Schillaci A, Schwarz R, Schmitt BL, Sheehy CD, Soliman A, Germaine TS, Steinbach B, Sudiwala RV, Teply GP, Thompson KL, Tolan JE, Tucker C, Turner AD, Umiltà C, Vergès C, Vieregg AG, Wandui A, Weber AC, Wiebe DV, Willmert J, Wong CL, Wu WLK, Yang H, Yoon KW, Young E, Yu C, Zeng L, Zhang C, Zhang S. Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:151301. [PMID: 34678017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.151301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array, and BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2018 observing season. We add additional Keck Array observations at 220 GHz and BICEP3 observations at 95 GHz to the previous 95/150/220 GHz dataset. The Q/U maps now reach depths of 2.8, 2.8, and 8.8 μK_{CMB} arcmin at 95, 150, and 220 GHz, respectively, over an effective area of ≈600 square degrees at 95 GHz and ≈400 square degrees at 150 and 220 GHz. The 220 GHz maps now achieve a signal-to-noise ratio on polarized dust emission exceeding that of Planck at 353 GHz. We take auto- and cross-spectra between these maps and publicly available WMAP and Planck maps at frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz and evaluate the joint likelihood of the spectra versus a multicomponent model of lensed ΛCDM+r+dust+synchrotron+noise. The foreground model has seven parameters, and no longer requires a prior on the frequency spectral index of the dust emission taken from measurements on other regions of the sky. This model is an adequate description of the data at the current noise levels. The likelihood analysis yields the constraint r_{0.05}<0.036 at 95% confidence. Running maximum likelihood search on simulations we obtain unbiased results and find that σ(r)=0.009. These are the strongest constraints to date on primordial gravitational waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A R Ade
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - Z Ahmed
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Amiri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - D Barkats
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - R Basu Thakur
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - C A Bischoff
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - D Beck
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J J Bock
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - H Boenish
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - E Bullock
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - V Buza
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - J R Cheshire
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J Connors
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - J Cornelison
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - M Crumrine
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Cukierman
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E V Denison
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - M Dierickx
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - L Duband
- Service des Basses Températures, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - M Eiben
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - S Fatigoni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J P Filippini
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S Fliescher
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - D C Goldfinger
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - J Grayson
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P Grimes
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - G Hall
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Halal
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - M Halpern
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - E Hand
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - S Harrison
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - S Henderson
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S R Hildebrandt
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - G C Hilton
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - J Hubmayr
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - H Hui
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K D Irwin
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - J Kang
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - K S Karkare
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - E Karpel
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S Kefeli
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - S A Kernasovskiy
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J M Kovac
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - C L Kuo
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - K Lau
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - E M Leitch
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Lennox
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - K G Megerian
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - L Minutolo
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - L Moncelsi
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Y Nakato
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - T Namikawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - H T Nguyen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - R O'Brient
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - R W Ogburn
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - S Palladino
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - T Prouve
- Service des Basses Températures, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - C Pryke
- Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B Racine
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille 13288, France
| | - C D Reintsema
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - S Richter
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - A Schillaci
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R Schwarz
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - B L Schmitt
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - C D Sheehy
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Soliman
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - T St Germaine
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - B Steinbach
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R V Sudiwala
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - G P Teply
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - K L Thompson
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - J E Tolan
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - C Tucker
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | - A D Turner
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - C Umiltà
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - C Vergès
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - A G Vieregg
- Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - A Wandui
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - A C Weber
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California 91109, USA
| | - D V Wiebe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - J Willmert
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C L Wong
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - W L K Wu
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - H Yang
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - K W Yoon
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - E Young
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - C Yu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - L Zeng
- Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Umar Ijaz M, Batool M, Batool A, Al-Ghanimd K, Zafar S, Ashraf A, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z, Shahzadi S, Samad A, Atique U, Al-Mulhm N, Mahboob S. Protective effects of vitexin on cadmium-induced renal toxicity in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5860-5864. [PMID: 34588901 PMCID: PMC8459060 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial contaminant that poses severe threats to human and animal health. Vitexin (VIT) is a polyphenolic flavonoid of characteristic pharmacological properties. We explored the curative role of vitexin on Cd-induced mitochondrial-dysfunction in rat renal tissues. Twenty-four rats were equally divided into four groups and designated as control, Cd, Cd + vitexin and vitexin treated groups. The results showed that Cd exposure increased urea and creatinine levels while decreased creatinine clearance. Cd reduced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione content in the Cd exposed group. Cd exposure significantly (p < 0.05) elevated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in rat kidney. Cd also caused a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the mitochondrial TCA-cycle enzymes, including isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and malate-dehydrogenase activities. Besides, mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, including NADH-dehydrogenase, coenzyme Q-cytochrome reductase, succinic-coenzyme Q, and cytochrome c-oxidase activities were also decreased under Cd exposure. Cd exposure also damaged the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). However, VIT treatment potentially reduced the detrimental effects of Cd in the kidney of rats. In conclusion, our study indicated that the VIT could attenuate the Cd-induced renal toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazama Batool
- Department of Zoology, Govt. College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Batool
- Rawalpindi Medical University and Allied Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - K.A. Al-Ghanimd
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Zafar
- Department of Botany, Government College, University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F. Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z. Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabahat Shahzadi
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Atique
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, South Korea
| | - N. Al-Mulhm
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Ehsan N, Ijaz MU, Ashraf A, Sarwar S, Samad A, Afzal G, Andleeb R, Al-Misned FA, Al-Ghanim KA, Ahmed Z, Riaz MN, Mahboob S. Mitigation of cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by casticin in male albino rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e243438. [PMID: 34468509 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a commonly used, powerful antineoplastic drug, having numerous side effects. Casticin (CAS) is considered as a free radical scavenger and a potent antioxidant. The present research was planned to assess the curative potential of CAS on CP persuaded renal injury in male albino rats. Twenty four male albino rats were distributed into four equal groups. Group-1 was considered as a control group. Animals of Group-2 were injected with 5mg/kg of CP intraperitoneally. Group-3 was co-treated with CAS (50mg/kg) orally and injection of CP (5mg/kg). Group-4 was treated with CAS (50mg/kg) orally throughout the experiment. CP administration substantially reduced the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GSR), glutathione (GSH) content while increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels. Urea, urinary creatinine, urobilinogen, urinary proteins, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were substantially increased. In contrast, albumin and creatinine clearance was significantly reduced in CP treated group. The results demonstrated that CP significantly increased the inflammation indicators including nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity and histopathological damages. However, the administration of CAS displayed a palliative effect against CP-generated renal toxicity and recovered all parameters by bringing them to a normal level. These results revealed that the CAS is an effective compound having the curative potential to counter the CP-induced renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ehsan
- University of Agriculture - UAF, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Ijaz
- University of Agriculture - UAF, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ashraf
- Government College University - GCUF, Faculty of Life Science, Department Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Sarwar
- University of Agriculture - UAF, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Samad
- University of Agriculture - UAF, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - G Afzal
- Islamia University - IUB, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - R Andleeb
- Government College University - GCUF, Faculty of Life Science, Department Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F A Al-Misned
- King Saud University - KSU, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K A Al-Ghanim
- King Saud University - KSU, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z Ahmed
- King Saud University - KSU, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Riaz
- Texas A&M University, AMU, Brazos, Texas, United States of America
| | - S Mahboob
- King Saud University - KSU, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ijaz MU, Majeed SA, Asharaf A, Ali T, Al-Ghanim KA, Asad F, Zafar S, Ismail M, Samad A, Ahmed Z, Al-Misned F, Riaz MN, Mahboob S. Toxicological effects of thimerosal on rat kidney: a histological and biochemical study. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e242942. [PMID: 34468508 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thimerosal is an organomercurial compound, which is used in the preparation of intramuscular immunoglobulin, antivenoms, tattoo inks, skin test antigens, nasal products, ophthalmic drops, and vaccines as a preservative. In most of animal species and humans, the kidney is one of the main sites for mercurial compounds deposition and target organs for toxicity. So, the current research was intended to assess the thimerosal induced nephrotoxicity in male rats. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were categorized into four groups. The first group was a control group. Rats of Group-II, Group-III, and Group-IV were administered with 0.5µg/kg, 10µg/kg, and 50µg/kg of thimerosal once a day, respectively. Thimerosal administration significantly decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione (GSH), and protein content while increased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels dose-dependently. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, urobilinogen, urinary proteins, kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were substantially increased. In contrast, urinary albumin and creatinine clearance was reduced dose-dependently in thimerosal treated groups. The results demonstrated that thimerosal significantly increased the inflammation indicators including nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activities, DNA and histopathological damages dose-dependently. So, the present findings ascertained that thimerosal exerted nephrotoxicity in male albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Ijaz
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S A Majeed
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Asharaf
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Ali
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - K A Al-Ghanim
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Asad
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Zafar
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ismail
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Samad
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Ahmed
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - F Al-Misned
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Riaz
- Texas A&M University, AMU, Brazos, Texas, United States of America
| | - S Mahboob
- King Saud University, Department of Zoology, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ansari B, Altafa J, Ramzan A, Ahmed Z, Khalil S, Qamar SUR, Awan SA, Jehangir K, Khalid R, Aziz S, Sultana T, Sultana S, Alsamadany H, Alshamrani R, Awan FS. Molecular Phylogenetics of Physa acuta (Pulmonata: Basommatophora): an Invasive species in Central Punjab Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246984. [PMID: 34431913 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physids belong to Class Gastropoda; belong to Phylum Mollusca and being bioindicators, intermediate hosts of parasites and pests hold a key position in the ecosystem. There are three species of Genus Physa i.e. P. fontinalis, Physa acuta and P. gyrina water bodies of Central Punjab and were characterized on the basis of molecular markers High level of genetic diversity was revealed by polymorphic RAPD, however SSR markers were not amplified. The multivariate analysis revealed polymorphism ranging from 9.09 percent to 50 percent among the three Physid species. Total number of 79 loci were observed for the three species under study and 24 loci were observed to be polymorphic. These RAPD fragment(s) can be developed into co dominant markers (SCAR) by cloning and can be further sequenced for the development of the Physa species specific markers to identify the introduced and native species in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ansari
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - A Ramzan
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Agriculture, Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security - CAS-AFS, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Khalil
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Science, Department Forestry Range & Wildlife Management, Bagdad Ul Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - S U R Qamar
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan.,Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Lak Si, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S A Awan
- University of Agriculture, Department of Computer Science, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - K Jehangir
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Khalid
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Aziz
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Sultana
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Sultana
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - H Alsamadany
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Alshamrani
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - F S Awan
- University of Agriculture, Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Aziz S, Altaf J, Ramzan A, Ahmed Z, Qamar SUR, Awan SA, Khalil S, Jehangir K, Khalid R, Ansari B, Sultana T, Sultana S, Alsamadany H, Alshamrani R, Awan FS. Characterization of the species of genus Physa on the basis of typological species concept from Central Punjab. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e246934. [PMID: 34431912 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physids belong to Class Gastropoda; Phylum Mollusca have important position in food web and act as bio indicators, pests and intermediate host. Being resistant these are called cockroaches of malacology. Physid snails were collected from different water bodies of Faisalabad (Punjab) and were identified up to species using morphological markers. The morphometry of the specimens was carried out with the help of a digital Vernier caliper in millimeters (mm) using linear measurement of shell characters. Linear regression analysis of the AL/SW ratio vs AL and SL/SW ratio vs AL indicated that allometric growth exists only in Physa acuta when compared with P.gyrina and P. fontinalis. This study will lead to assess the status of the Physid species in Central Punjab. The Principal component analysis shows that the Component 1 (Shell Length) and component 2 (Shell Width) are the most prolific components and nearly 80 percent of the identification. The distance between P. acuta and P. fontinalis is 5.4699, P. acuta and P. gyrina is 7.6411, P. fontinalis and P. gyrina is 16.6080 showing that P. acuta resembles with P. fontinalis, and both these specimens donot resemble with P. gyrina. P.acuta is an invasive species and shows bioactivity making it a potent candidate for bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aziz
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - J Altaf
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - A Ramzan
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics; Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CAS-AFS), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S U R Qamar
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan.,Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Department of Applied Biological Sciences, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road, Lak Si, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S A Awan
- University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Department of Computer Science, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Khalil
- The Islamia University Bahawalpur Department Forestry Range & Wildlife Management, Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Science, Bagdad Ul Jadeed Campus, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - K Jehangir
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - R Khalid
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - B Ansari
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Sultana
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - S Sultana
- Government College University Faisalabad Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - H Alsamadany
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Alshamrani
- King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biological Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - F S Awan
- University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Alam MW, Malik A, Rehman A, Sarwar M, Muhammad S, Hameed A, Alsamadany H, Alzahrani Y, Ahmed Z. First Report of Alternaria alternata Causing Fruit Rot on Fig ( Ficus carica) in Pakistan. Plant Dis 2021; 105:PDIS01210090PDN. [PMID: 33616426 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-21-0090-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M W Alam
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Rehman
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - M Sarwar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hameed
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - H Alsamadany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y Alzahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z Ahmed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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37
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Mullen C, Gardner S, Glazier DI, Kay SJD, Livingston K, Strakovsky II, Workman RL, Abt S, Achenbach P, Afzal F, Ahmed Z, Akondi CS, Annand JRM, Bashkanov M, Beck R, Biroth M, Borisov NS, Braghieri A, Briscoe WJ, Cividini F, Collicott C, Costanza S, Denig A, Dieterle M, Downie EJ, Drexler P, Fegan S, Ferretti-Bondy MI, Ghosal D, Gorodnov I, Gradl W, Günther M, Gurevic G, Heijkenskjöld L, Hornidge D, Huber GM, Jermann N, Kaeser A, Korolija M, Kashevarov VL, Krusche B, Kulikov VV, Lazarev A, Lutterer S, MacGregor IJD, Manley DM, Martel PP, Martemianov MA, Meier C, Miskimen R, Mocanu M, Mornacchi E, Neganov A, Oberle M, Ostrick M, Otte P, Paudyal D, Pedroni P, Powell A, Prakhov SN, Reicherz G, Ron G, Rostomyan T, Sfienti C, Sokhoyan V, Spieker K, Steffen O, Strub T, Supek I, Thiel A, Thiel M, Thomas A, Unverzagt M, Usov YA, Wagner S, Walford NK, Watts DP, Werthmüller D, Wettig J, Witthauer L, Wolfes M, Zachariou N. Single π 0 production off neutrons bound in deuteron with linearly polarized photons. Eur Phys J A Hadron Nucl 2021; 57:205. [PMID: 34720708 PMCID: PMC8550430 DOI: 10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00521-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quasifree γ → d → π 0 n ( p ) photon beam asymmetry, Σ , has been measured at photon energies, E γ , from 390 to 610 MeV, corresponding to center of mass energy from 1.271 to 1.424 GeV, for the first time. The data were collected in the A2 hall of the MAMI electron beam facility with the Crystal Ball and TAPS calorimeters covering pion center-of-mass angles from 49 ∘ to 148 ∘ . In this kinematic region, polarization observables are sensitive to contributions from the Δ ( 1232 ) and N(1440) resonances. The extracted values of Σ have been compared to predictions based on partial-wave analyses (PWAs) of the existing pion photoproduction database. Our comparison includes the SAID, MAID and Bonn-Gatchina analyses; while a revised SAID fit, including the new Σ measurements, has also been performed. In addition, isospin symmetry is examined as a way to predict π 0 n photoproduction observables, based on fits to published data in the channels π 0 p , π + n and π - p .
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Mullen
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - S. Gardner
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - D. I. Glazier
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - S. J. D. Kay
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD UK
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - K. Livingston
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - I. I. Strakovsky
- Department of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052 USA
| | - R. L. Workman
- Department of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052 USA
| | - S. Abt
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - P. Achenbach
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F. Afzal
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Z. Ahmed
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | | | - J. R. M. Annand
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - M. Bashkanov
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD UK
| | - R. Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Biroth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - W. J. Briscoe
- Department of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052 USA
| | - F. Cividini
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Collicott
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - A. Denig
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Dieterle
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - E. J. Downie
- Department of Physics, Institute for Nuclear Studies, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052 USA
| | - P. Drexler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Fegan
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD UK
| | - M. I. Ferretti-Bondy
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Ghosal
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - W. Gradl
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Günther
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - G. Gurevic
- Institute for Nuclear Research, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - L. Heijkenskjöld
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Hornidge
- Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L3B5 Canada
| | - G. M. Huber
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - N. Jermann
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - A. Kaeser
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M. Korolija
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V. L. Kashevarov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- JINR, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - B. Krusche
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - V. V. Kulikov
- NRC “Kurchatov Institute”-ITEP, 117218 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Lazarev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Lutterer
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I. J. D. MacGregor
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | | | - P. P. Martel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - C. Meier
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - R. Miskimen
- University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - M. Mocanu
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD UK
| | - E. Mornacchi
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - M. Oberle
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M. Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P. Otte
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - D. Paudyal
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - P. Pedroni
- INFN Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Powell
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - S. N. Prakhov
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - G. Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Ruhr-University of Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - G. Ron
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - T. Rostomyan
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - C. Sfienti
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - V. Sokhoyan
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - K. Spieker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - O. Steffen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Th. Strub
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - I. Supek
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A. Thiel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Thiel
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A. Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Unverzagt
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - S. Wagner
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N. K. Walford
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - D. P. Watts
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD UK
| | - D. Werthmüller
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - J. Wettig
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - L. Witthauer
- Institut für Physik, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - M. Wolfes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N. Zachariou
- Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York, Y010 5DD UK
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Haque MA, Paul S, Jewel MAS, Atique U, Paul AK, Iqbal S, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z. Seasonal analysis of food items and feeding habits of endangered riverine catfish Rita rita (Hamilton, 1822). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e237040. [PMID: 34105668 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.237040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation presents the food and feeding activity of and endangered riverine catfish Rita rita, during February 2017-January 2018. A total of 225 fish individuals was analyzed for stomach contents by characterizing the dominant food items and morphometric features. The results divulged ten major food items consumed, preferably fish scales and eggs, teleost fishes, copepods, cladocerans, rotifers, and mollusks. Total length and body weight of fish varied between 9-34 cm (20.53 ± 6.90 cm) and 10-400 g (9125.94 ± 102.07 g), respectively. The index of relative importance (IRI%) showed the importance of rotifers over the other food items. Morisita's index of diet overlap indicated seasonal variations in catfish diets with summer and monsoon displaying the least overlap, while maximum overlap during monsoon and winter seasons. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) indicated the close association between the food items available during summer and winter seasons with a significant difference among the seasons (ANOSIM, R = 0.638, P = 0.013). Levin's niche breadth index arranged in the order of 0.88>0.81>0.78>0.63>0.43 for the size classes of V, IV, III, II and I, respectively. The PCA explained 95.39% of the total variance among the food items and fish size groups. Small-sized fish individuals displayed a greater correlation with food items suitable for their mouth size. In conclusion, the variety and frequency of food items recorded indicated considerable feeding plasticity and opportunistic feeding behavior with a shift from carnivorous to omnivorous feeding nature. This study could render useful information on the food and feeding habits of R. rita and provide background for preparing its diet for future aquaculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Haque
- University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - S Paul
- University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M A S Jewel
- University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - U Atique
- Chungnam National University, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam, South Korea.,University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A K Paul
- University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - S Iqbal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Mahboob
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - K A Al-Ghanim
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F Al-Misned
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z Ahmed
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Gilani SMH, Rashid Z, Galani S, Ilyas S, Sahar S, Zahoor-ul-Hassan, Al-Ghanim K, Zehra S, Azhar A, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z, Al-Mulham N, Mahboob S. Growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, gut microflora and ghrelin gene expression analysis of broiler by supplementing natural growth promoters: A nutrigenomics approach. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3438-3447. [PMID: 34121882 PMCID: PMC8176037 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In an epoch of escalating number of antibiotic-resistance bacteria, there is a dire need to develop efficient and novel feeding strategies for animal nutrition as alternatives to antibiotics. Here, implicating nutrigenomic approach, phytobiotics and organic acids were used to evaluate ghrelin gene expression levels, gut microflora composition, performance parameters and intestinal histomorphological changes in broiler chickens. One-day-old chicks (n = 315) were reared for 42 days and distributed randomly into five experimental groups; each with three replicates (21 birds per replicate). Experimental groups were control: basal diet only, antimicrobial growth promoter: 40 g/metric ton of basal diet (virginiamycin), organic acids: 4 kg/metric ton of basal diet, phytobiotics: 3 kg/metric ton of basal diet, combination: 7 kg/metric ton of basal diet (organic acids 4 kg and phytobiotics 3 kg metric ton of feed). Growth performance, histological and ghrelin gene expression analysis were executed on 21 and 42 days while, quantitative bacterial analysis of cecum and ileum was performed on day 42. Increased feed intake and body weight (p < 0.05) were noticed in phytobiotics group. Addition of phytobiotics significantly improved (p < 0.05) villus height and ratio of villus height/crypt depth in ileum, jejunum, and duodenum and down-regulated ghrelin gene expression levels. Total coliform and Escherichia coli in cecal and ileal digesta were decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in organic acids group. Correlation analysis revealed Lactobacillus spp. were positively correlated to villus height/crypt depth ration in duodenum. The findings indicated the importance of gene-nutrient-microbiota interactions based on nutrigenomics approach. Hence, phytobiotics and organic acids might be suitable alternatives to antibiotics for improved performance and immunity, along with healthier meat production in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zubia Rashid
- Department of Bio-medical Engineering, Ziauddin University Faculty of Engineering, Science, Technology and Management, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saddia Galani
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Ilyas
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Sahar
- Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor-ul-Hassan
- Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sitwat Zehra
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abid Azhar
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F. Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z. Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - N. Al-Mulham
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kour G, Haq SA, Bajaj BK, Gupta PN, Ahmed Z. Phytochemical add-on therapy to DMARDs therapy in rheumatoid arthritis: In vitro and in vivo bases, clinical evidence and future trends. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105618. [PMID: 33878447 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of biologically active compounds derived from plants i.e. phytochemicals, have been known for ages for their pharmacological activities in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Besides enormous scientific evidence, the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals is often undervalued. The treatment in RA involves the use of synthetic and biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, the long-term treatment in RA is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal, liver, pulmonary and renal toxicities and serious infections including latent tuberculosis, pneumococcus influenza, herpes zoster and hepatitis. These adverse effects sometimes lead to discontinuation of the therapy. A relatively new vision based on the combination of DMARDs with phytochemicals exhibiting anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective properties for the treatment of RA has achieved substantial importance in the last decade. From this perspective, the present review focuses on the combination of DMARDs (primarily MTX) with phytochemicals that have shown synergistic therapeutic effects while decreasing the toxic repercussions of current RA therapy. The review covers recent evidences of such combination studies that have shown promising results both in experimental arthritic models and clinical arthritis. Few of the combinations including resveratrol, sinomenine, coenzyme Q10 exhibited considerable interest because of their efficacy as an adjuvant to the MTX/standard DMARDs therapy in clinical trials. Besides giving an overview of such combination studies the review also critically discusses the limitations with the use of phytochemicals (e.g. solubility, permeability and bioavailability) compromising their clinical application. Additionally, it stresses upon the need of novel delivery systems and pharmaceutical technologies to increase the therapeutic efficacy of the combination therapy. Overall, the review unveils the potential of phytochemicals in combination with DMARDs with increased tolerability and superior efficacy in further refining the future of the RA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kour
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Road, Jammu Tawi, 180006 J&K, India
| | - Syed Assim Haq
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bijender Kumar Bajaj
- School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Baba Saheb Ambedkar Road, Jammu Tawi, 180006 J&K, India
| | - Prem N Gupta
- Formulation & Drug Delivery Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, J&K, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Ahmed Z, Saleem S, Nadeem S, Khan AU. Squeezing Flow of Carbon Nanotubes-Based Nanofluid in Channel Considering Temperature-Dependent Viscosity: A Numerical Approach. Arab J Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bhetuwal D, Matter J, Szumila-Vance H, Kabir ML, Dutta D, Ent R, Abrams D, Ahmed Z, Aljawrneh B, Alsalmi S, Ambrose R, Androic D, Armstrong W, Asaturyan A, Assumin-Gyimah K, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bandari A, Basnet S, Berdnikov V, Bhatt H, Biswas D, Boeglin WU, Bosted P, Brash E, Bukhari MHS, Chen H, Chen JP, Chen M, Christy EM, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Danagoulian S, Day D, Diefenthaler M, Dlamini M, Dunne J, Duran B, Evans R, Fenker H, Fomin N, Fuchey E, Gaskell D, Gautam TN, Gonzalez FA, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones MK, Joosten S, Karki A, Keppel C, Khanal A, King PM, Kinney E, Ko HS, Kohl M, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li S, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Mack D, Malace S, Markowitz P, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Nazeer SJ, Nanda S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Nguyen D, Pandey B, Park S, Pooser E, Puckett A, Rehfuss M, Reinhold J, Santiesteban N, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Sun A, Tadevosyan V, Trotta R, Wood SA, Yero C, Zhang J. Ruling out Color Transparency in Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) up to Q^{2} of 14.2 (GeV/c)^{2}. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:082301. [PMID: 33709760 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quasielastic ^{12}C(e,e^{'}p) scattering was measured at spacelike 4-momentum transfer squared Q^{2}=8, 9.4, 11.4, and 14.2 (GeV/c)^{2}, the highest ever achieved to date. Nuclear transparency for this reaction was extracted by comparing the measured yield to that expected from a plane-wave impulse approximation calculation without any final state interactions. The measured transparency was consistent with no Q^{2} dependence, up to proton momenta of 8.5 GeV/c, ruling out the quantum chromodynamics effect of color transparency at the measured Q^{2} scales in exclusive (e,e^{'}p) reactions. These results impose strict constraints on models of color transparency for protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - J Matter
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - H Szumila-Vance
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Abrams
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - R Ambrose
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - W Armstrong
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - A Asaturyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia
| | - K Assumin-Gyimah
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
- The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A Bandari
- The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Basnet
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - V Berdnikov
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - W U Boeglin
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Bosted
- The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - H Chen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - J P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Chen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - E M Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Covrig
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Craycraft
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - D Day
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - M Diefenthaler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J Dunne
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Evans
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - H Fenker
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Fomin
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T N Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - F A Gonzalez
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Hernandez
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M K Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Karki
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - H S Ko
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, Orsay, France
| | - M Kohl
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | | | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A H Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - D Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia
| | - H Mkrtchyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Rehfuss
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J Reinhold
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N Santiesteban
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - V Tadevosyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), Yerevan 0036, Armenia
| | - R Trotta
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - S A Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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Mir RH, Sawhney G, Verma R, Ahmad B, Kumar P, Ranjana S, Bhagat A, Madishetti S, Ahmed Z, Jachak SM, Choi S, Masoodi MH. Origanum vulgare L.: In vitro Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Molecular Docking Studies, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity in LPS Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. Med Chem 2021; 17:983-993. [PMID: 32885758 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200904110828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation involves a dynamic network that is highly regulated by signals that initiate the inflammation process as well as signals that downregulate it. However, an imbalance between the two leads to tissue damage. Throughout the world, inflammatory disease becomes common in the aging society. The drugs which are used clinically have serious side effects. Natural products or compounds derived from natural products show diversity in structure and play an important role in drug discovery and development. OBJECTIVE Oreganum Vulgare is used in traditional medicine for various ailments including respiratory and rheumatic disorders, severe cold, suppression of tumors. The current study aims to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential by evaluating various in vitro parameters. METHODS Inflammation-induced in macrophages via LPS is the most accepted model for evaluating the antiinflammatory activity of various plant extracts and lead compounds. RESULTS The extracts (OVEE, OVEAF) as well as the isolated compound(OVRA)of Oreganum Vulgare inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and NO without affecting cell viability. CONCLUSION Our study established that the leaf extracts of Oreganum vulgare L. exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and thus confirm its importance in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyaz H Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Kashmir, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rohini Verma
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, South Korea
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Soni Ranjana
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Asha Bhagat
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sanjay M Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, South Korea
| | - Mubashir H Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Kashmir, India
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Abulaiti A, Ahmed Z, Naseer Z, El-Qaliouby HS, Iqbal MF, Hua GH, Yang LG. Effect of capsaicin supplementation on lactational and reproductive performance of Holstein cows during summer. Anim Prod Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/an20439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Summer ambient temperature and humidity are major factors negatively influencing the physiology and the productive and reproductive efficiency of dairy cows. Various management and breeding approaches may be useful for maintaining productivity in dairy cows during summer to minimise these effects.
Aims
The experiment was designed to test a natural phytochemical supplementation of capsaicin (CPS), followed by a specific oestrus synchronisation protocol as a means to maintain productivity and reproductive performance of Chinese Holstein cows during summer in Hubei province, China.
Methods
Lactating Chinese Holstein cows (n = 109) were randomly divided into four groups and supplemented with 0 (control, n = 27), 20 (CPS-20, n = 26), 40 (CPS-40, n = 28) and 60 (CPS-60, n = 28) mg of capsaicin (CPS) per kg of total mixed ration respectively for continuous 30 days initiated on 10 July 2018. Milk production and composition were measured over 45 days from the start of CPS supplementation. After CPS supplementation, all cows were synchronised through a modified Ovsynch oestrus synchronisation protocol, and reproductive variables were recorded. Metabolic parameters were measured on the days before CPS supplementation, artificial insemination (AI) and 50 days post-AI.
Key results
Highest (P < 0.05) milk production were found in the CPS-40 group, and highest total solids and milk fat in the CPS-20 and CPS-40 groups. Milk urea nitrogen and milk fat were generally increased in CPS supplemented cows compared with the control group. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in oestrus response, ovulatory follicle size, ovulation rate and pregnancy rates were observed in the CPS-40 group compared with other groups. Glucose, lipoprotein esterase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased (P < 0.05) in CPS-40 and CPS-60 supplemented groups at the time of AI and 50 days post-AI.
Conclusions
CPS supplementation has the capacity to maintain milk yield, milk composition and serum metabolites in Chinese Holstein dairy cows during summer. The synergistic effect of CPS and the modified oestrus synchronisation protocol also improved reproductive variables of the cows.
Implications
Adoption of CPS as a supplement along with oestrus synchronisation could be a useful and economical strategy for dairy herd keepers to improve herd performance during summer.
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Yero C, Abrams D, Ahmed Z, Ahmidouch A, Aljawrneh B, Alsalmi S, Ambrose R, Armstrong W, Asaturyan A, Assumin-Gyimah K, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bandari A, Bane J, Basnet S, Berdnikov VV, Bericic J, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Boeglin WU, Bosted P, Brash E, Bukhari MHS, Chen H, Chen JP, Chen M, Christy ME, Covrig S, Craycraft K, Danagoulian S, Day D, Diefenthaler M, Dlamini M, Dunne J, Duran B, Dutta D, Ent R, Evans R, Fenker H, Fomin N, Fuchey E, Gaskell D, Gautam TN, Gonzalez FA, Hansen JO, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Horn T, Huber GM, Jones MK, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Karki A, Keppel CE, Khanal A, King P, Kinney E, Lashley-Colthirst N, Li S, Li WB, Liyanage AH, Mack DJ, Malace SP, Matter J, Meekins D, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Nazeer SJ, Nanda S, Niculescu G, Niculescu M, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Pandey B, Park S, Perdrisat CF, Pooser E, Rehfuss M, Reinhold J, Sawatzky B, Smith GR, Sun A, Szumila-Vance H, Tadevosyan V, Wood SA, Zhang J. Probing the Deuteron at Very Large Internal Momenta. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:262501. [PMID: 33449750 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.262501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We measure ^{2}H(e,e^{'}p)n cross sections at 4-momentum transfers of Q^{2}=4.5±0.5 (GeV/c)^{2} over a range of neutron recoil momenta p_{r}, reaching up to ∼1.0 GeV/c. We obtain data at fixed neutron recoil angles θ_{nq}=35°, 45°, and 75° with respect to the 3-momentum transfer q[over →]. The new data agree well with previous data, which reached p_{r}∼500 MeV/c. At θ_{nq}=35° and 45°, final state interactions, meson exchange currents, and isobar currents are suppressed and the plane wave impulse approximation provides the dominant cross section contribution. We compare the new data to recent theoretical calculations, where we observe a significant discrepancy for recoil momenta p_{r}>700 MeV/c.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Yero
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Abrams
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - A Ahmidouch
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - R Ambrose
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - W Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Asaturyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Assumin-Gyimah
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A Bandari
- College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Basnet
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - V V Berdnikov
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - W U Boeglin
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Bosted
- College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - H Chen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - J P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Chen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Covrig
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Craycraft
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - D Day
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - M Diefenthaler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J Dunne
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Dutta
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Evans
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - H Fenker
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Fomin
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T N Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - F A Gonzalez
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Hernandez
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M K Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Karki
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - C E Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | | | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W B Li
- College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - A H Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - D J Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S P Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Matter
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - H Mkrtchyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - C F Perdrisat
- College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Rehfuss
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J Reinhold
- Florida International University, University Park, Florida 33199, USA
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - H Szumila-Vance
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Tadevosyan
- A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute), 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S A Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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Kumar A, Sawhney G, Kumar Nagar R, Chauhan N, Gupta N, Kaul A, Ahmed Z, Sangwan PL, Satheesh Kumar P, Yadav G. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity of Bakuchiol using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines and in animal models stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 91:107264. [PMID: 33340782 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bakuchiol (BAK) has been reported to have a diverse pharmacological property as an antibiotic, anti-cancer, anti-hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-convulsant agent. This study aimed to elucidate the immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory mechanism of bakuchiol using lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and various animal models. The present study has shown that BAK significantly suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in a dose-dependent manner and its oral administration significantly decreased delayed hypersensitivity responses as compared to control group. The assessment of immunomodulatory activity was carried out by the testing Hemagglutinating antibody (HA) titer, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and phagocytic index by carbon clearance test. On the other hand, it showed significant decrease in circulating antibody titer and carbon clearance assay in a concentration-dependent manner. BAK has significantly potentiated the cellular immunity as well as humoral immunity by facilitating the footpad thickness responses in sheep RBCs in sensitized mice by significantly decreasing circulating antibody titer. Molecular studies revealed that BAK inhibited the activation of upstream mediator nuclear factor-κB by suppressing the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65. The responses were statistically significant as compared with the control (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Nagar
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Narendra Chauhan
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Anpurna Kaul
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - P L Sangwan
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Bio-organic Chemistry Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - P Satheesh Kumar
- Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Govind Yadav
- Academy of Science and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India; Mutagenicity Laboratory, CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Laboratory Animal Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the psychological impact of the social distancing measures in place due to the coronavirus pandemic. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on the Pakistani population. Informed consent was taken from all the participants. The data was collected through an online questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire, and it was found to be 0.80. The data obtained was analyzed on IBM's statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 26. RESULTS Out of 706 participants, 489 (69.26 %) were males and 217 (30.74 %) were females. The mean age of the participants was 35.24 ± 12.08 years. The majority of the participants were from Punjab (66.00 %).The mean time since quarantine measures had been established was 10.35 ± 5.09 days. The mean total score was 9.08 ± 2.38 points. A majority of the participants (25.64 %) were daily wage workers. t-test was significant when the time of quarantine was compared to the psychological impact. Significant results were also found when gender was compared to the impact. CONCLUSIONS Social distancing measures have an impact on psychology and endocrinology of people in general. The impact can take the shape of long-lasting consequences (Tab. 3, Ref. 19).
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Ahmed Z. Outbreak of community acquired pneumonia in Naseerabad district March-2018. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Mir RH, Sawhney G, Pottoo FH, Mohi-Ud-Din R, Madishetti S, Jachak SM, Ahmed Z, Masoodi MH. Role of environmental pollutants in Alzheimer's disease: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:44724-44742. [PMID: 32715424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are commonly erratic influenced by various factors including lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors. In recent observations, it has been hypothesized that exposure to various environmental factors enhances the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The exact etiology of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear; however, the contribution of environmental factors in the pathology of AD is widely acknowledged. Based on the available literature, the review aims to culminate in the prospective correlation between the various environmental factors and AD. The prolonged exposure to the various well-known environmental factors including heavy metals, air pollutants (particulate matter), pesticides, nanoparticles containing metals, industrial chemicals results in accelerating the progression of AD. Common mechanisms have been documented in the field of environmental contaminants for enhancing amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide along with tau phosphorylation, resulting in the initiation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which results in the death of neurons. This review offers a compilation of available data to support the long-suspected correlation between environmental risk factors and AD pathology. Graphical abstract .
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
| | - Gifty Sawhney
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roohi Mohi-Ud-Din
- Pharmacognosy Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sreedhar Madishetti
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Sanjay M Jachak
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Inflammation Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir, 190006, India.
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Benedetti M, Sighinolfi M, Calcagnile T, Saraceni G, Mofferdin A, Ferrari N, Puliatti S, Amato M, Bozzini G, Ahmed Z, Ahmed E, Ahmed E, De Nunzio C, Nacchia A, Fedelini P, Chiancone F, Ferretti S, Curti P, Bianchi G, Rocco B, Micali S. ESWL in the 21th century: Results from a multi-institutional international study. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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