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Bhardwaj M, Kour D, Rai G, Bhattacharya S, Manhas D, Vij B, Kumar A, Mukherjee D, Ahmed Z, Gandhi SG, Nandi U. EIDD-1931 Treatment Tweaks CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 in Arthritic Rats to Expedite Drug Interaction: Implication in Oral Therapy of Molnupiravir. ACS Omega 2024; 9:13982-13993. [PMID: 38559969 PMCID: PMC10976394 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
EIDD-1931 is the active form of molnupiravir, an orally effective drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) against COVID-19. Pharmacokinetic alteration can cause untoward drug interaction (drug-drug/disease-drug), but hardly any information is known about this recently approved drug. Therefore, we first investigated the impact of the arthritis state on the oral pharmacokinetics of EIDD-1931 using a widely accepted complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after ascertaining the disease occurrence by paw swelling measurement and X-ray examination. Comparative oral pharmacokinetic assessment of EIDD-1931 (normal state vs arthritis state) showed that overall plasma exposure was augmented (1.7-fold) with reduced clearance (0.54-fold), suggesting its likelihood of dose adjustment in arthritis conditions. In order to elucidate the effect of EIDD-1931 treatment at a therapeutic regime (normal state vs arthritis state) on USFDA-recommended panel of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4) for drug interaction using the same disease model, we monitored protein and mRNA expressions (rat homologs) in liver tissue by western blotting (WB) and real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Results reveal that EIDD-1931 treatment could strongly influence CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 among experimental proteins/mRNAs. Although CYP2C8 regulation upon EIDD-1931 treatment resembles similar behavior under the arthritis state, results dictate a potentially reverse phenomenon for CYP3A4. Moreover, the lack of any CYP inhibitory effect by EIDD-1931 in human/rat liver microsomes (HLM/RLM) helps to ascertain EIDD-1931 treatment-mediated disease-drug interaction and the possibility of drug-drug interaction with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) upon coadministration. As elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels are prevalent in RA and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and nuclear receptors control CYP expressions, further studies should focus on understanding the regulation of affected CYPs to subside unexpected drug interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Bhardwaj
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Garima Rai
- Infectious
Diseases Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Srija Bhattacharya
- Natural
Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Diksha Manhas
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Natural
Product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Bose institute, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sumit G. Gandhi
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Infectious
Diseases Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Gour A, Dogra A, Verma MK, Bhardwaj M, Kour D, Jamwal A, Gorain B, Kumar M, Vij B, Kumar A, Nandi U. Ayurveda-based phytochemical composition attenuates lung inflammation and precipitates pharmacokinetic interaction with favipiravir: an in vivo investigation using disease-state of acute lung injury. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3758-3765. [PMID: 36469694 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2150620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical form of acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we investigated the effect of a defined combination of ten pure phytochemicals in equal proportions of weight (NPM) from plants, recommended by Ayurveda for any protective action against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Results indicate that NPM markedly improved protein and neutrophil contents, myeloperoxidase and hydroxyproline levels, oxidative stress markers (glutathione and malonaldehyde), inflammatory cytokines, and genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and NF-κB/IκBα) in BALF/lung tissue. The histopathological examination of the lung revealed the shielding effect of NPM against ALI. NPM exhibited a protective effect on the lung by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation. A substantial drop in favipiravir's oral exposure was observed in ALI-state compared to normal-state, but oral exposure upon NPM treatment in ALI-state followed similar behaviour of favipiravir alike normal-state without NPM treatment. Overall, results offer potential insight into Ayurvedic recommendations for immunity boosting during ALI situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ashish Dogra
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Mahendra K Verma
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ashiya Jamwal
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi-835215, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Dogra A, Kour D, Bhardwaj M, Dhiman S, Kumar A, Vij B, Kumar A, Nandi U. Glabridin Plays Dual Action to Augment the Efficacy and Attenuate the Hepatotoxicity of Methotrexate in Arthritic Rats. ACS Omega 2022; 7:34341-34351. [PMID: 36188236 PMCID: PMC9520544 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glabridin is chemically an isoflavane class of natural phenols and is found mainly in the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra. It has several beneficial pharmacological actions for the management of inflammatory disorders as well as can counteract drug-induced toxic effects. On the other hand, methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line disease-modifying antirheumatic drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. However, its treatment is associated with major side effects like hepatotoxicity. In the quest to explore a suitable combination therapy that can improve the efficacy and reduce the hepatotoxicity of MTX, we hypothesized that glabridin might serve the purpose for which there is no literature precedent to date. We explored the antiarthritic efficacy of MTX in the presence or the absence of glabridin using Mycobacterium-induced arthritic model in rats. The results of reduction in paw swelling, inhibition of serum cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and improvement in the bone joints from radiological and histopathological findings suggest that glabridin can substantially augment the antiarthritic efficacy of MTX. Further, results of concomitant glabridin treatment with MTX in the experimental time frame demonstrate that glabridin could considerably prevent the MTX-induced hepatic alteration in serum biochemical markers (SGPT and SGOT) and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione reduced (GSH)). Moreover, glabridin showed a marked effect in impeding the regulation of NF-κB/IκBα and Nrf2/Keap1 pathways in the hepatic tissues. The results of simultaneous administration of glabridin with MTX in the rat model indicate that glabridin had no pronounced effect of causing severe alteration in the pharmacokinetic behavior of MTX. In summary, glabridin can significantly potentiate the antiarthritic efficacy of MTX and can also minimize its hepatotoxicity via the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress. Further research should be performed to develop glabridin as a phytotherapeutics for the improved efficacy and better tolerability of MTX at the reduced dose level of MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Dogra
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sumit Dhiman
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Natural
Product and Medicinal Chemistry (NPMC) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Manhas D, Gour A, Bhardwaj N, Sharma DK, Sharma K, Vij B, Jain SK, Singh G, Nandi U. Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Rottlerin from Mallotus philippensis Using a Highly Sensitive Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Bioanalytical Method. ACS Omega 2021; 6:32637-32646. [PMID: 34901612 PMCID: PMC8655892 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rottlerin is a key bioactive phytoconstituent present in the pericarp of Mallotus philippensis. It shows promising multifaceted pharmacological actions against cancer. However, there is hardly any report for the quantification of rottlerin in the biological matrix and on its pharmacokinetic behavior. Therefore, we aimed in the present study to assess selective in vitro ADME properties and in vivo pharmacokinetics of isolated and characterized rottlerin using a newly developed and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based highly sensitive bioanalytical method. The method was found to be simple (mobile phase and analytical column), sensitive (1.9 ng/mL), and rapid (run time of 2.5 min). All the validation parameters were within the acceptable criteria of the United States Food and Drug Administration's bioanalytical method validation guideline. The method was found to be very useful to assess lipophilicity, plasma stability, metabolic stability, plasma protein binding of rottlerin, as well as its oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics in mice. Rottlerin showed a number of drug-like pharmacokinetic properties (in vitro). Moreover, it displayed an excellent half-life (>2 h) and oral bioavailability (>35%) as compared to other members of natural phenolics. The present study is the first-time report of in vitro ADME properties and in vivo preclinical pharmacokinetics of rottlerin. The generated information is very much useful for its further development as a phytotherapeutics toward cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Manhas
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Abhishek Gour
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Nivedita Bhardwaj
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Deepak K. Sharma
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Kuhu Sharma
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
| | - Bhavna Vij
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
| | - Shreyans K. Jain
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Gurdarshan Singh
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD
Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute
of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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