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Development of Novel 1,3-Disubstituted-2-Thiohydantoin Analogues with Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity; In Vitro and In Silico Assessments. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196271. [PMID: 36234810 PMCID: PMC9573447 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the main cause of several autoimmune diseases, including type I diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, bullous pemphigoid, paraneoplastic pemphigoid, and multiple sclerosis. Currently, there is an urgent demand for the discovery of novel anti-inflammatory drugs with potent activity but also safe for long-term application. Toward this aim, the present study reported the design, synthesis, and characterization of a set of novel 1,3-disubstituted-2-thiohydantoins derivatives. The anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized compounds was assessed against murine leukemia cell line (RAW264.7) by evaluating the cytotoxicity activity and their potency to prevent nitric oxide (NO) production. The results revealed that the synthesized compounds possess a considerable cytotoxic activity together with the ability to reduce the NO production in murine leukemia cell line (RAW264.7). Among synthesized compounds, compound 7 exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 197.68 μg/mL, compared to celecoxib drug (IC50 value 251.2 μg/mL), and demonstrated a significant ability to diminish the NO production (six-fold reduction). Exploring the mode of action responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity revealed that compound 7 displays a significant and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β. Furthermore, compound 7 demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α at 50 μg/mL, as compared to Celecoxib. Finally, detailed molecular modelling studies indicated that compound 7 exhibits a substantial binding affinity toward the binding pocket of the cyclooxygenase 2 enzyme. Taken together, our study reveals that 1,3-disubstituted-2-thiohydantoin could be considered as a promising scaffold for the development of potent anti-inflammatory agents.
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2
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Qamar M, Sultanat, Shafiullah, Khan AU, Ali A, Farhat N. One pot facile synthesis of flavanoidal oxadiazinanones: In vitro antibacterial activity, docking and MD simulation using DNA gyrase. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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3
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Buchynskyy A, Gillespie JR, Herbst ZM, Ranade RM, Buckner FS, Gelb MH. 1-Benzyl-3-aryl-2-thiohydantoin Derivatives as New Anti- Trypanosoma brucei Agents: SAR and in Vivo Efficacy. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:886-891. [PMID: 28835807 PMCID: PMC5554913 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
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A high
throughput screening and subsequent hit validation identified
compound 1 as an inhibitor of Trypanosoma brucei parasite growth. Extensive structure–activity relationship
optimization based on antiparasitic activity led to the highly potent
compounds, 1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-3-(4-dimethylamino-3-chlorophenyl)-2-thiohydantoin
(68) and 1-(2-chloro-4-fluorobenzyl)-3-(4-dimethylamino-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-thiohydantoin
(76), with a T. brucei EC50 of 3 and 2 nM, respectively. This represents >100-fold improvement
in potency compared to compound 1. In vivo efficacy experiments
of 68 and 76 in an acute mouse model of
Human African Trypanosomiasis showed a 100% cure rate after 4 days
of oral treatment at 50 mg/kg twice per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Buchynskyy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - J. Robert Gillespie
- Department
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Zackary M. Herbst
- Department
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Ranae M. Ranade
- Department
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Frederick S. Buckner
- Department
of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Michael H. Gelb
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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4
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Novel N-modified glycines based on a (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propane-1,3-diol skeleton: 1,3-dioxanes and tripodands. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-substituted 5-benzylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoins as potent NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4144-4151. [PMID: 27407031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of novel 3-substituted 5-benzylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoins 3, and their biological evaluation using NADPH oxidase (NOX) 1 and 4. Based on structural and pharmacophore analyses of known inhibitors such as hydroxypyrazole 2, we envisioned interesting 2-thiohydantoin compounds, 3-substituted 5-benzylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoins 3 that would be expected to well match the structural features in 2. Efficient synthesis of eighteen target compounds 3 were achieved through the synthetic pathway of 4→11→3, established after consideration of several plausible synthetic pathways. The inhibitory activities of compounds 3 against NOX 1 and 4 were measured, with some of the target compounds showing similar or higher activities compared with reference 2; in particular, compounds 3bz, 3cz, and 3ez were found to be promising inhibitors of both NOX 1 and 4 with modest isozyme selectivities, which highlights the significance of the 2-thiohydantoin substructure for inhibition of NOX 1 and 4. This marks the first time these compounds have been applied to the inhibition of NOX enzymes.
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6
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Samzadeh-Kermani A. Heteropolyacid catalyzed formation of thioparabanic acid derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Caldwell ST, Cairns AG, Olson M, Chalmers S, Sandison M, Mullen W, McCarron JG, Hartley RC. Synthesis of an azido-tagged low affinity ratiometric calcium sensor. Tetrahedron 2015; 71:9571-9578. [PMID: 26709317 PMCID: PMC4660056 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Changes in high localised concentrations of Ca2+ ions are fundamental to cell signalling. The synthesis of a dual excitation, ratiometric calcium ion sensor with a Kd of 90 μM, is described. It is tagged with an azido group for bioconjugation, and absorbs in the blue/green and emits in the red region of the visible spectrum with a large Stokes shift. The binding modulating nitro group is introduced to the BAPTA core prior to construction of a benzofuran-2-yl carboxaldehyde by an allylation–oxidation–cyclisation sequence, which is followed by condensation with an azido-tagged thiohydantoin. The thiohydantoin unit has to be protected with an acetoxymethyl (AM) caging group to allow CuAAC click reaction and incorporation of the KDEL peptide endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart T Caldwell
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Andrew G Cairns
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Marnie Olson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Susan Chalmers
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Mairi Sandison
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - William Mullen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - John G McCarron
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Richard C Hartley
- WestCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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8
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In vitro cytotoxcity and interaction of new steroidal oxadiazinanones with calf thymus DNA using molecular docking, gel electrophoresis and spectroscopic techniques. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 148:340-350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Shen Y, Zificsak CA, Shea JE, Lao X, Bollt O, Li X, Lisko JG, Theroff JP, Scaife CL, Ator MA, Ruggeri BA, Dorsey BD, Kuwada SK. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Sulfonyl Acrylonitriles as Novel Inhibitors of Cancer Metastasis and Spread. J Med Chem 2015; 58:1140-58. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501437v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- John
A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo
Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Craig A. Zificsak
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Jill E. Shea
- Department
of Surgery, University of Utah, 50 N. Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, United States
| | - Xuegang Lao
- John
A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo
Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Oana Bollt
- John
A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo
Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Xiufen Li
- John
A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo
Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Joseph G. Lisko
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Jay P. Theroff
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Courtney L. Scaife
- Department
of Surgery, University of Utah, 50 N. Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, United States
| | - Mark A. Ator
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Bruce A. Ruggeri
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Bruce D. Dorsey
- Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Scott K. Kuwada
- John
A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo
Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
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10
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Sathishkumar M, Ramachandran G, Sathiyanarayanan KI. Cyclododecanone as a recyclable protecting group for the synthesis of highly functionalized 3-amino-2-thiohydantoins from conventional starting materials. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47680d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Elgemeie GH, Mohamed RA. Application of dimethyl N-cyanodithioiminocarbonate in synthesis of fused heterocycles and in biological chemistry. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2014-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe synthetic chemistry of dimethyl
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12
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Aldol reactions of 2-thioxotetrahydropyrimidin-4(1H)-ones: stereoregulations from endo- and exocyclic chiral centres. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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13
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Kohlhaas C, Jenner M, Kampa A, Briggs GS, Afonso JP, Piel J, Oldham NJ. Amino acid-accepting ketosynthase domain from a trans-AT polyketide synthase exhibits high selectivity for predicted intermediate. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50540e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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14
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Synthesis, characterization, biological evaluation and in silico screening of oxadiazinanones. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Kumar V, Pal A, Khatik GL, Bhattacharya S, Nair VA. Additive controlled, stereoselective benzylation of 2-thioxotetrahydropyrimidin-4(1H)-ones via chiral induction from a remote stereocenter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Zhang L, Sathunuru R, Caridha D, Pybus B, O’Neil MT, Kozar MP, Lin AJ. Antimalarial Activities of New Guanidylimidazole and Guanidylimidazoline Derivatives. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6634-46. [PMID: 21848332 DOI: 10.1021/jm200503s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Ramadas Sathunuru
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Diana Caridha
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Brandon Pybus
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Michael T. O’Neil
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Michael P. Kozar
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Ai J. Lin
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
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17
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Liu X, Wang X, Li Q, Kozar MP, Melendez V, O’Neil MT, Lin AJ. Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of 2-Guanidino-4-oxoimidazoline Derivatives. J Med Chem 2011; 54:4523-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Liu
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Xihong Wang
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Qigui Li
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Michael P. Kozar
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Victor Melendez
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Michael T. O’Neil
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Ai J. Lin
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
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18
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Gong YD, Lee T. Combinatorial Syntheses of Five-Membered Ring Heterocycles Using Carbon Disulfide and a Solid Support. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 12:393-409. [DOI: 10.1021/cc100049u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dae Gong
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 26 Pildong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea, and Center for High Throughput Synthesis Platform Technology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Singseongno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Innovative Drug Library Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 26 Pildong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea, and Center for High Throughput Synthesis Platform Technology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 107, Singseongno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
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19
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Kidwai M, Jahan A, Bhatnagar D. Polyethylene glycol as an efficient and reusable solvent medium for the synthesis of thiohydantoins using K2CO3as catalyst. J Sulphur Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/17415991003777409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Kumar V, Nair VA. Lithium perchlorate-induced electrophilic activation: one-pot synthesis of 3-aryl-2-thioxotetrahydropyrimidin-4-one derivatives from aryl isothiocyanates. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Kumar V, Raghavaiah P, Mobin SM, Nair VA. Diastereoselective syntheses of 3-aryl-5-(arylalkyl)-6-methyl-1-(1-phenylethyl)thioxotetrahydropyrimidin-4(1H)-ones: A stereochemical perspective from endo and exocyclic chiral centres. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4960-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00230e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Segi M, Maeda H, Sakata K, Takashima M, Honda M, Watanabe T. Synthesis of Selenohydantoins from Isoselenocyanates and α-Amino Acids. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-s(e)116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Puri A, Khaliq T, Rajendran SM, Bhatia G, Chandra R, Narender T. Antidyslipidemic Activity ofIndigofera tinctoria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/j157v07n01_05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Sunduru N, Srivastava K, Rajakumar S, Puri SK, Saxena JK, Chauhan PMS. Synthesis of novel thiourea, thiazolidinedione and thioparabanic acid derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline as potent antimalarials. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:2570-3. [PMID: 19339178 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Revised: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Sunduru
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226 001, India
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25
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Pal M. HDL Therapeutics for the treatment of atherosclerosis: a brief overview of the synthetic approaches. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Balya AG, Chernega AN, But SA, Vasilenko AN, Brovarets VS, Drach BS. Synthesis of new 2,5-diamino-1,3-thiazole and 2-thiohydantoin derivatives by condensation of N-(2-Aryl-1-chloro-2-oxoethyl) carboxamides with thioureas. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363208070268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Synthesis of thiohydantoins under one-pot three-component solvent-free conditions. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-007-0842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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28
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Stodulski M, Mlynarski J. Synthesis of N-alkyl-N-methyl amino acids. Scope and limitations of base-induced N-alkylation of Cbz-amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Xiang F, Zhang S, Lu C, Chen Z, Yang G. Novel Synthesis of 3‐Substituted 2‐Thiohydantoins via Aza‐Wittig Reaction on Poly(ethylene Glycol). SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701845571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Xiang
- a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applicaton of Organic Functional Molecules , Wuhan, China
| | - Shoubo Zhang
- a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applicaton of Organic Functional Molecules , Wuhan, China
| | - Cuifen Lu
- a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applicaton of Organic Functional Molecules , Wuhan, China
| | - Zuxing Chen
- a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applicaton of Organic Functional Molecules , Wuhan, China
| | - Guichun Yang
- a Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hubei University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Applicaton of Organic Functional Molecules , Wuhan, China
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Gregg BT, Golden KC, Quinn JF, Tymoshenko DO, Earley WG, Maynard DA, Razzano DA, Rennells WM, Butcher J. Expedient Lewis Acid Catalyzed Synthesis of a 3-Substituted 5-Arylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoin Library. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 9:1036-40. [PMID: 17867645 DOI: 10.1021/cc700103u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and rapid solution phase combinatorial synthesis of a 3-substituted 5-arylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoin library was developed. The salient feature for this library production procedure is the addition of the Lewis acid catalyst, indium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate, which serves to facilitate the direct condensation of aldehydes with 3-substituted 1-methyl-2-thiohydantoins. Use of this Lewis acid catalyst has resulted in faster reaction times, higher conversions and better purity profiles for these condensation reactions as compared to traditional uncatalyzed reactions. The resulting 315 member library of 3-substituted 5-arylidene-1-methyl-2-thiohydantoin is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Gregg
- Department of Medical Chemistry, AMRI, 26 Corporate Circle, Albany, New York 12203, USA.
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31
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Gao F, Zhang G, Zhang S, Cheng Y, Shi Z, Li Y, Gao J. Different N–C–N formation reactions of aromatic aldehydes and thiohydantoins controlled by Lewis acid promoters. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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A simple synthesis of 2-thiohydantoins. Molecules 2006; 11:739-50. [PMID: 17971750 DOI: 10.3390/11100739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Revised: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
2-Thiohydantoin derivatives are produced by heating a mixture of thiourea and an alpha-amino acid. The method described offers the advantages of simplicity, low cost, easy work-up and scalability.
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Narender T, Khaliq T, Puri A, Chander R. Antidyslipidemic activity of furano-flavonoids isolated from Indigofera tinctoria. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3411-4. [PMID: 16644212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 03/22/2006] [Accepted: 04/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids appear to play a major role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases by decreasing the blood lipid levels. In continuation of our drug discovery program on antidyslipidemic agents we have isolated three furano-flavones 1-3 and a rare flavonol glycoside 4 from the aerial parts of Indigofera tinctoria. Our results disclose that the treatment with diastereomeric flavonoid mixture 1 and 2 (80:20) significantly decreased the plasma triglycerides (TG) by 60%, total cholesterol (TC) 19%, glycerol (Gly) 13%, and free fatty acid (FFA) 25% accompanied with increase in high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) by 8% and HDL-C/TC ratio 36% in high fat diet (HFD) fed dyslipidemic hamsters at the dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. The flavonoid 3 has exhibited moderate antidyslipidemic activity.
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Narender T, Puri A, Khaliq T, Saxena R, Bhatia G, Chandra R. 4-Hydroxyisoleucine an unusual amino acid as antidyslipidemic and antihyperglycemic agent. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:293-6. [PMID: 16246556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Revised: 09/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/04/2005] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trigonella foenum-graecum, commonly known as fenugreek, is an annual herbaceous plant. From the seeds of T. foenum-graecum an unusual amino acid, 4-hydroxyisoleucine 5, has been isolated, which significantly decreased the plasma triglyceride levels by 33% (P<0.002), total cholesterol (TC) by 22% (P<0.02), and free fatty acids by 14%, accompanied by an increase in HDL-C/TC ratio by 39% in the dyslipidemic hamster model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadigoppula Narender
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
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Coppola GM, Damon RE, Eskesen JB, France DS, Paterniti JR. Biological evaluation of 1-alkyl-3-phenylthioureas as orally active HDL-elevating agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 16:113-7. [PMID: 16216504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2005] [Revised: 09/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1-alkyl-3-phenylthiourea analogues were prepared and evaluated as HDL- and Apo A-I-elevating and triglyceride-lowering agents. Several derivatives were superior to gemfibrozil. The optimal analogue (HDL376) was shown to raise HDL cholesterol in the rat, hamster, dog, and monkey models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary M Coppola
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, 100 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Bell RPL, Verdijk D, Relou M, Smith D, Regeling H, Ebbers EJ, Leemhuis FMC, Oniciu DC, Cramer CT, Goetz B, Pape ME, Krause BR, Bisgaier CL, Dasseux JL. alpha-Cycloalkyl-substituted omega-keto-dicarboxylic acids as lipid regulating agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:223-36. [PMID: 15582467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2004] [Accepted: 09/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of cycloalkyl-substituted oxo-alkanedicarboxylic acids have been prepared by the TosMIC methodology departing from haloalkyl-substituted cycloalkylcarboxylic esters. cyclopropyl derivatives showed IC(50) activity in the 0.3-1.0 microM range on the de novo incorporation of radiolabeled acetate into lipids in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, and they showed lipid-regulating properties when tested in vivo in female obese Zucker fatty rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel P L Bell
- MercaChem BV, Toernooiveld 100, 6525 EC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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