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Drakopoulos A, Koszegi Z, Seier K, Hübner H, Maurel D, Sounier R, Granier S, Gmeiner P, Calebiro D, Decker M. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of New δ Opioid Receptor-Selective Fluorescent Probes and Applications in Single-Molecule Microscopy of Wild-Type Receptors. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39044606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The delta opioid receptor (δOR or DOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) showing a promising profile as a drug target for nociception and analgesia. Herein, we design and synthesize new fluorescent antagonist probes with high δOR selectivity that are ideally suited for single-molecule microscopy (SMM) applications in unmodified, untagged receptors. Using our new probes, we investigated wild-type δOR localization and mobility at low physiological receptor densities for the first time. Furthermore, we investigate the potential formation of δOR homodimers, as such a receptor organization might exhibit distinct pharmacological activity, potentially paving the way for innovative pharmacological therapies. Our findings indicate that the majority of δORs labeled with these probes exist as freely diffusing monomers on the cell surface in a simple cell model. This discovery advances our understanding of OR behavior and offers potential implications for future therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Drakopoulos
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU) Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zsombor Koszegi
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K
| | - Kerstin Seier
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Versbacher Strasse 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Damien Maurel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, 34094 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Rémy Sounier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, 34094 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Granier
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, 34094 Cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Davide Calebiro
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K
- Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, Universities of Birmingham and Nottingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, U.K
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU) Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Batista AS, Oliveira SDS, Pomel S, Commere PH, Mazan V, Lee M, Loiseau PM, Rossi-Bergmann B, Prina E, Duval R. Targeting chalcone binding sites in living Leishmania using a reversible fluorogenic benzochalcone probe. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112784. [PMID: 35299122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones) either natural or synthetic have a plethora of biological properties including antileishmanial activities, but their development as drugs is hampered by their largely unknown mechanisms of action. We demonstrate herein that our previously described benzochalcone fluorogenic probe (HAB) could be imaged by fluorescence microscopy in live Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes where it targeted the parasite acidocalcisomes, lysosomes and the mitochondrion. As in the live zebrafish model, HAB formed yellow-emitting fluorescent complexes when associated with biological targets in Leishmania. Further, we used HAB as a reversible probe to study the binding of a portfolio of diverse chalcones and analogues in live promastigotes, using a combination of competitive flow cytometry analysis and cell microscopy. This pharmacological evaluation suggested that the binding of HAB in promastigotes was representative of chalcone pharmacology in Leishmania, with certain exogenous chalcones exhibiting competitive inhibition (ca. 20-30%) towards HAB whereas non-chalconic inhibitors showed weak capacity (ca. 3-5%) to block the probe intracellular binding. However, this methodology was restricted by the strong toxicity of several competing chalcones at high concentration, in conjunction with the limited sensitivity of the HAB fluorophore. This advocates for further optimization of this undirect target detection strategy using pharmacophore-derived reversible fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane S Batista
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | - Sébastien Pomel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Valérie Mazan
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
| | | | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, INSERM U1201, Paris, France
| | - Romain Duval
- Université de Paris, IRD, MERIT, F-75006 Paris, France.
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Sandulenko IV, Ambartsumyan AA, Moiseev SK. Fluorinated and [ 18F]fluorinated morphinan based opioid ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5533-5557. [PMID: 32672314 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00619j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented in the literature that opioid receptors modulate a large number of physiological functions (pain perception, breathing, mood, gastrointestinal motility, etc.). Natural opiates and 4,5α-epoxymorphinan derivatives obtained by their chemical modifications, which are frequently referred to as semi-synthetic opioids, are among the most important types of opioid ligands. On the other hand, fluorinated compounds have a remarkable record in medicinal chemistry providing developmental candidates for therapeutic applications. The reasons are very similar steric impacts of hydrogen and fluorine along with the influence of substituting fluorine for hydrogen in the molecules of exogenous compounds on their lipophilicity, metabolism, conformation and other properties. This review focuses on the functionalization of 4,5α-epoxymorphinans and their derivatives via substitutions with fluorine or fluorine-containing groups in the search for improved pharmacological profile opioid ligands and 18F-containing opioid receptor radioligands for PET. These functionalizations are typically associated with substituents either at the C(3)-O, C(6)-O, and N(17) positions of the 4,5α-epoxymorphinan core or at C(7) in the thebaine based Diels-Alder type adducts. The syntheses resulted in the preparation of both single fluorinated derivatives or short sets of fluorinated derivatives and the families of fluorine-containing opioids allowing, in principle, the structure-activity relationship studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Sandulenko
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, V-334, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Asmik A Ambartsumyan
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, V-334, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Sergey K Moiseev
- Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, V-334, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Colucci-Guyon E, Batista AS, Oliveira SDS, Blaud M, Bellettini IC, Marteyn BS, Leblanc K, Herbomel P, Duval R. Ultraspecific live imaging of the dynamics of zebrafish neutrophil granules by a histopermeable fluorogenic benzochalcone probe. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3654-3670. [PMID: 30996961 PMCID: PMC6432617 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil granules (NGs) are key components of the innate immune response and mark the development of neutrophilic granulocytes in mammals. However, there has been no specific fluorescent vital stain up to now to monitor their dynamics within a whole live organism. We rationally designed a benzochalcone fluorescent probe (HAB) featuring high tissue permeability and optimal photophysics such as elevated quantum yield, pronounced solvatochromism and target-induced fluorogenesis. Phenotypic screening identified HAB as the first cell- and organelle-specific small-molecule fluorescent tracer of NGs in live zebrafish larvae, with no labeling of other cell types or organelles. HAB staining was independent of the state of neutrophil activation, labeling NGs of both resting and phagocytically active neutrophils with equal specificity. By high-resolution live imaging, we documented the dynamics of HAB-stained NGs during phagocytosis. Upon zymosan injection, labeled NGs were rapidly recruited to the forming phagosomes. Despite being a reversible ligand, HAB could not be displaced by high concentrations of pharmacologically relevant competing chalcones, indicating that this specific labeling was the result of the HAB's precise physicochemical signature rather than a general feature of chalcones. However, one of the competitors was discovered as a promising interstitial fluorescent tracer illuminating zebrafish histology, similarly to BODIPY-ceramide. As a yellow-emitting histopermeable vital stain, HAB functionally and spectrally complements most genetically incorporated fluorescent tags commonly used in live zebrafish biology, holding promise for the study of neutrophil-dependent responses relevant to human physiopathology such as developmental defects, inflammation and infection. Furthermore, HAB intensely labeled isolated live human neutrophils at the level of granulated subcellular structures consistent with human NGs, suggesting that the labeling of NGs by HAB is not restricted to the zebrafish model but also relevant to mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Colucci-Guyon
- Institut Pasteur , Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité , Paris , 75015 , France .
- CNRS , UMR 3738 , Paris , France
| | - Ariane S Batista
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program , Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , 21941-972 , Brazil
| | | | - Magali Blaud
- LCRB , CNRS , Université Paris 5 , Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , 75006 , France
| | - Ismael C Bellettini
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Educaçao , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Blumenau , 89036-256 , Brazil
| | - Benoit S Marteyn
- Institut Pasteur , Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire , Paris , 75015 , France
- INSERM , UMR 786 , Paris , France
| | - Karine Leblanc
- BioCIS , CNRS , Université Paris-Sud 11 , Châtenay-Malabry , 92290 , France
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Institut Pasteur , Unité Macrophages et Développement de l'Immunité , Paris , 75015 , France .
- CNRS , UMR 3738 , Paris , France
| | - Romain Duval
- MERIT , IRD , Université Paris 5 , Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , 75006 , France .
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Lever JR, Fergason-Cantrell EA, Carmack TL, Watkinson LD, Gallazzi F. Design, synthesis and evaluation of 111In labeled DOTA-conjugated tetrapeptides having high affinity and selectivity for mu opioid receptors. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 70:53-66. [PMID: 30933866 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral mu (μ) opioid receptors are implicated in pain, bowel dysfunction and the progression of certain cancers. In an effort to identify radioligands well suited for imaging these peripheral sites, we have prepared and evaluated four hydrophilic 111In labeled DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) conjugated μ tetrapeptides. METHODS Peptides were prepared by solid-phase techniques, using orthogonal strategies to achieve branching to DOTA, and then characterized by HPLC, mass spectroscopy and amino acid analysis. Scaffolds included novel peptide H-Dmt-D-Ala-Phe-Orn-NH2 (DAPO), where Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine, and known peptide H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 ([Dmt1]DALDA). Constructs had DOTA conjugation at the Orn4 or Lys4 side chains, or to the C-terminal through a hexanoic acid-lysine linker. Indium(III) complexation and 111In radiolabeling were accomplished by standard methods. Protein binding and Log D7.4 were determined. Binding and pharmacological profiles were obtained in vitro. Biodistribution and radiometabolite studies were conducted using male CD-1 mice. RESULTS All four indium(III)-DOTA conjugates derived from DAPO and [Dmt1]DALDA showed good selectivity and subnanomolar affinity for μ opioid receptors. One radioligand, H-Dmt-D-Ala-Phe-Orn(δ-[111In]In-DOTA)-NH2, showed 25% specific binding in vivo to μ sites in mouse gut. Notably, this was the least polar of the series, and also showed low sensitivity to modulation of binding by sodium ions. All radioligands showed high kidney uptake of radiometabolites. CONCLUSIONS Visualizing peripheral μ opioid receptors using 111In labeled DOTA-conjugated tetrapeptides appears feasible, but structural modifications to enhance specific binding and metabolic stability, as well as to reduce kidney uptake, will be required. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This study shows in vivo labeling of peripheral μ opioid receptors by a tetrapeptide radioligand, and provides information that should prove useful in the design of peptide radioligands having optimal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Lever
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| | - Emily A Fergason-Cantrell
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Terry L Carmack
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Lisa D Watkinson
- Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Fabio Gallazzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Molecular Interaction Core, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Chaturvedi S, Kaul A, Hazari PP, Mishra AK. Mapping neuroreceptors with metal-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:855-870. [PMID: 30108802 PMCID: PMC6072260 DOI: 10.1039/c6md00610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The growing epidemiological and economic burden of neurological diseases on society is tremendous. A correct and timely diagnosis can help in lowering the burden and improving the life quality of both the diseased person and the caretaker. Imaging of the brain (neuroimaging) using CT, MRI, and nuclear imaging methods can provide anatomical and functional information. Neuroreceptors are central to neurotransmission and neuromodulation in the CNS. In vivo imaging of receptors in the brain provides powerful tools for the functional study of the central nervous system (CNS) in normal or diseased states. Presently, PET imaging using non-metallic radiotracers dominates the imaging of neuroreceptors. Metal-based probes for SPECT and PET can be economical and logistically easier to use without compromising the information. This review focuses on the development of metallic radiotracers for (99mTc) SPECT and (68Ga) PET along with future directions based on the metallic probes developed for other imaging modalities namely MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaturvedi
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - A Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - Puja P Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
| | - Anil K Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences , Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences , Brig. S.K. Mazumder Road , Delhi 110054 , India . ; ; ; Tel: +91 11 23095117
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Lever SZ, Fan KH, Lever JR. Tactics for preclinical validation of receptor-binding radiotracers. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 44:4-30. [PMID: 27755986 PMCID: PMC5161541 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aspects of radiopharmaceutical development are illustrated through preclinical studies of [125I]-(E)-1-(2-(2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-5-yl)ethyl)-4-(iodoallyl)piperazine ([125I]-E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE), a radioligand for sigma-1 (σ1) receptors, coupled with examples from the recent literature. Findings are compared to those previously observed for [125I]-(E)-1-(2-(2,3-dimethoxy-5-yl)ethyl)-4-(iodoallyl)piperazine ([125I]-E-IA-DM-PE-PIPZE). METHODS Syntheses of E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE and [125I]-E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE were accomplished by standard methods. In vitro receptor binding studies and autoradiography were performed, and binding potential was predicted. Measurements of lipophilicity and protein binding were obtained. In vivo studies were conducted in mice to evaluate radioligand stability, as well as specific binding to σ1 sites in brain, brain regions and peripheral organs in the presence and absence of potential blockers. RESULTS E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE exhibited high affinity and selectivity for σ1 receptors (Ki = 0.43 ± 0.03 nM, σ2/σ1 = 173). [125I]-E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE was prepared in good yield and purity, with high specific activity. Radioligand binding provided dissociation (koff) and association (kon) rate constants, along with a measured Kd of 0.24 ± 0.01 nM and Bmax of 472 ± 13 fmol/mg protein. The radioligand proved suitable for quantitative autoradiography in vitro using brain sections. Moderate lipophilicity, Log D7.4 2.69 ± 0.28, was determined, and protein binding was 71 ± 0.3%. In vivo, high initial whole brain uptake, >6% injected dose/g, cleared slowly over 24 h. Specific binding represented 75% to 93% of total binding from 15 min to 24 h. Findings were confirmed and extended by regional brain biodistribution. Radiometabolites were not observed in brain (1%). CONCLUSIONS Substitution of dihydrobenzofuranylethyl for dimethoxyphenethyl increased radioligand affinity for σ1 receptors by 16-fold. While high specific binding to σ1 receptors was observed for both radioligands in vivo, [125I]-E-IA-BF-PE-PIPZE displayed much slower clearance kinetics than [125I]-E-IA-DM-PE-PIPZE. Thus, minor structural modifications of σ1 receptor radioligands lead to major differences in binding properties in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Z Lever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Kuo-Hsien Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - John R Lever
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA.
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Toyao T, Styles MJ, Yago T, Sadiq MM, Riccò R, Suzuki K, Horiuchi Y, Takahashi M, Matsuoka M, Falcaro P. Fe3O4@HKUST-1 and Pd/Fe3O4@HKUST-1 as magnetically recyclable catalysts prepared via conversion from a Cu-based ceramic. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A Fe3O4/Cu- ceramic system converted into a magnetic HKUST-1 composite was used as a recyclable catalyst for one-pot cascade and hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Toyao
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Osaka 599-8531
- Japan
| | | | - Tokuichiro Yago
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Osaka 599-8531
- Japan
| | - Muhammad M. Sadiq
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Raffaele Riccò
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Clayton South
- Australia
- Graz University of Technology
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
| | - Kiyonori Suzuki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton
- Australia
| | - Yu Horiuchi
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Osaka 599-8531
- Japan
| | - Masahide Takahashi
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Osaka 599-8531
- Japan
| | - Masaya Matsuoka
- Division of Materials Science & Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Osaka 599-8531
- Japan
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- CSIRO Manufacturing
- Clayton South
- Australia
- Graz University of Technology
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Srivastava S, Fergason-Cantrell EA, Nahas RI, Lever JR. Synthesis and opioid receptor binding of indium (III) and [ 111In]-labeled macrocyclic conjugates of diprenorphine: novel ligands designed for imaging studies of peripheral opioid receptors. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:6127-6135. [PMID: 28190898 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeled diprenorphine (DPN) and analogs are widely used ligands for non-invasive brain imaging of opioid receptors. To develop complementary radioligands optimized for studies of the peripheral opioid receptors, we prepared a pair of hydrophilic DPN derivatives, conjugated to the macrocyclic chelator DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), for complexation with trivalent metals. The non-radioactive indium (III) complexes, tethered to the C6-oxygen position of the DPN scaffold by 6- to 9-atom spacers, displayed high affinities for binding to μ, δ and κ opioid receptors in vitro. Use of the 9-atom linker conferred picomolar affinities equipotent to those of the parent ligand DPN. The [111In]-labeled complexes were prepared in good yield (>70%), with high radiochemical purity (~99%) and high specific radioactivity (>4000 mCi/μmol). Their log D7.4 values were -2.21 to -1.66. In comparison, DPN is lipophilic, with a log D7.4 of +2.25. Further study in vivo is warranted to assess the suitability of these [111In]-labeled DPN-DOTA conjugates for imaging trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Srivastava
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Emily A Fergason-Cantrell
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Roger I Nahas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - John R Lever
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
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Lever JR, Miller DK, Green CL, Fergason-Cantrell EA, Watkinson LD, Carmack TL, Fan KH, Lever SZ. A selective sigma-2 receptor ligand antagonizes cocaine-induced hyperlocomotion in mice. Synapse 2014; 68:73-84. [PMID: 24123353 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine functions, in part, through agonist actions at sigma-1 (σ1 ) receptors, while roles played by sigma-2 (σ2 ) receptors are less established. Attempts to discriminate σ2 receptor-mediated effects of cocaine in locomotor hyperactivity assays have been hampered by the lack of potent and selective antagonists. Certain tetrahydroisoquinolinyl benzamides display high σ2 receptor affinity, and excellent selectivity for binding to σ2 over σ1 receptors. The behavioral properties of this structural class of σ ligands have not yet been investigated. The present study evaluated 5-bromo-N-[4-(6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)-butyl)]-2,3-dimethoxy-benzamide, 1, a ligand shown by others to bind preferentially to σ2 over σ1 receptors, as well as dopamine D2 and D3 sites. First, we determined binding to monoamine transporters and opioid receptors, and noted 57-fold selectivity for σ2 receptors over the serotonin transporter, and >800-fold selectivity for σ2 receptors over the other sites tested. We then examined 1 in locomotor activity studies using male CD-1® mice, and saw no alteration of basal activity at doses up to 31.6 µmol/kg. Cocaine produced a fivefold increase in locomotor activity, which was attenuated by 66% upon pretreatment of mice with 1 at 31.6 µmol/kg. In vivo radioligand binding studies also were performed, and showed no occupancy of σ1 receptors or the dopamine transporter by 1, or its possible metabolites, at the 31.6 µmol/kg dose. Thus, ligand 1 profiles behaviorally as a σ2 receptor-selective antagonist that is able to counteract cocaine's motor stimulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Lever
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, 65201; Department of Radiology and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211
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Toyao T, Fujiwaki M, Horiuchi Y, Matsuoka M. Application of an amino-functionalised metal–organic framework: an approach to a one-pot acid–base reaction. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44701d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lever SZ, Xu R, Fan KH, Fergason-Cantrell EA, Carmack TL, Watkinson LD, Lever JR. Synthesis, radioiodination and in vitro and in vivo sigma receptor studies of N-1-allyl-N´-4-phenethylpiperazine analogs. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:401-14. [PMID: 22172395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sigma-1 (σ(1)) receptor radioligands are useful for basic pharmacology studies and for imaging studies in neurology, psychiatry and oncology. We derived a hybrid structure, N-1-allyl-N´-4-phenethylpiperazine, from known ligands TPCNE and SA4503 for use as a scaffold for development of radioiodinated σ(1) receptor ligands. METHODS E-and Z-N-1-(3'-iodoallyl)-N´-4-(3″,4″-dimethoxyphenethyl)-piperazine (E-1 and Z-1), N-1-allyl-N´-4-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenethyl)-piperazine (2) and E-N-1-(3'-iodoallyl)-N´-4-(3″-methoxy-4'´-hydroxyphenethyl)-piperazine (3) were synthesized. Affinities for σ(1) and σ(2) receptors were determined. [(125)I]E-1 and [(125)I]Z-1 were prepared and evaluated in vivo in mice. [(125)I]E-1 was further evaluated in σ(1) receptor binding assays in vitro. RESULTS E-1 displayed moderately high apparent affinity (15 nM) for σ(1) sites and 84-fold selectivity against σ(2) sites. Z-1 showed similar σ(1) affinity, but only 23-fold selectivity. In contrast, 2 exhibited poor binding to both subtypes, while 3 had good affinities but poor selectivity. E-1 profiled as a probable antagonist in the phenytoin shift assay. [(125)I]E-1 and [(125)I]Z-1 were prepared in good yields and with high specific radioactivities. Log D(7.4) values (2.25 and 2.27) fall within the optimal range for in vivo studies. Both radioligands selectively labeled σ(1) receptors in mouse brain and peripheral organs in vivo. [(125)I]E-1 showed a higher level of specific binding than [(125)I]Z-1 and displayed good metabolic stability. Further, [(125)I]E-1 selectively labeled σ(1) receptors in mouse brain homogenates (K(d) 3.79 nM; B(max)=599 fmol/mg protein). CONCLUSIONS [(125)I]E-1 is a selective σ(1) receptor radioligand that exhibits properties amenable to in vitro and in vivo studies, with possible extension to single photon emission computed tomography using iodine-123.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Z Lever
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Ai H. Layer-by-layer capsules for magnetic resonance imaging and drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:772-88. [PMID: 21554908 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembled polyelectrolyte capsules have demonstrated their unique advantages and capability in drug delivery applications. These ordered micro/nano-structures are also promising candidates as imaging contrast agents for diagnostic and theranostic applications. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), one of the most powerful clinical imaging modalities, is moving forward to the molecular imaging field and requires the availability of advanced imaging probes. In this review, we are focusing on the design of MRI visible LbL capsules, which incorporate either paramagnetic metal-ligand complexes or superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. The design criteria cover the topics of probe sensitivity, biosafety, long-circulation property, targeting ligand decoration, and drug loading strategies. Examples of MRI visible LbL capsules with paramagnetic or superparamagnetic moieties were given and discussed. This carrier platform can also be chosen for other imaging modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ai
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Li W, Li J, Wu Y, Fuller N, Markus MA. Mechanistic Pathways in CF3COOH-Mediated Deacetalization Reactions. J Org Chem 2010; 75:1077-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jo902014z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
| | - Jianchang Li
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
| | - Yuchuan Wu
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
| | - Nathan Fuller
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
| | - Michelle A. Markus
- Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140
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Josan JS, Morse DL, Xu L, Trissal M, Baggett B, Davis P, Vagner J, Gillies RJ, Hruby VJ. Solid-phase synthetic strategy and bioevaluation of a labeled delta-opioid receptor ligand Dmt-Tic-Lys for in vivo imaging. Org Lett 2009; 11:2479-82. [PMID: 19445485 DOI: 10.1021/ol900200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general solid-phase synthetic strategy is developed to prepare fluorescent and/or lanthanide-labeled derivatives of the delta-opioid receptor (deltaOR) ligand H-Dmt-Tic-Lys(R)-OH. The high delta-OR affinity (K(i) = 3 nM) and desirable in vivo characteristics of the Cy5 derivative 1 suggest its usefulness for structure-function studies and receptor localization and as a high-contrast noninvasive molecular marker for live imaging ex vivo or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder S Josan
- Department of Chemistry, BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Abstract
This paper is the thirtieth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2007 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd.,Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Ryu EK, Wu Z, Chen K, Lazarus LH, Marczak ED, Sasaki Y, Ambo A, Salvadori S, Ren C, Zhao H, Balboni G, Chen X. Synthesis of a potent and selective (18)F-labeled delta-opioid receptor antagonist derived from the Dmt-Tic pharmacophore for positron emission tomography imaging. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1817-23. [PMID: 18311909 DOI: 10.1021/jm7014765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Identification and pharmacological characterization of two new selective delta-opioid receptor antagonists, derived from the Dmt-Tic pharmacophore, of potential utility in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are described. On the basis of its high delta selectivity, H-Dmt-Tic--Lys(Z)-OH (reference compound 1) is a useful starting point for the synthesis of (18)F-labeled compounds prepared by the coupling of N-succinimidyl 4-[ (18)F]fluorobenzoate ([(18)F]SFB) with Boc-Dmt-Tic--Lys(Z)-OH under slightly basic conditions at 37 degrees C for 15 min, deprotection with TFA, and HPLC purification. The total synthesis time was 120 min, and the decay-corrected radiochemical yield of [(18)F]- 1 was about 25-30% ( n = 5) starting from [(18)F]SFB ( n = 5) with an effective specific activity about 46 GBq/micromol. In vitro autoradiography studies showed prominent uptake of [ (18)F]- 1 in the striatum and cortex with significant blocking by 1 and UFP-501 (selective delta-opioid receptor antagonist), suggesting high specific binding of [(18)F]- 1 to delta-opioid receptors. Noninvasive microPET imaging studies revealed the absence of [(18)F]- 1 in rat brain, since it fails to cross the blood-brain barrier. This study demonstrates the suitability of [ (18)F]- 1 for imaging peripheral delta-opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyoung Ryu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology and Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Nahas RI, Lever JR, Lever SZ. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of N-(3-phenylpropyl)-N′-benzylpiperazines: Potent ligands for σ1 and σ2 receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:755-61. [PMID: 18029187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Revised: 09/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger I Nahas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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