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Parimi U, Nannapaneni M. ZIF‐8 Catalysed Efficient Synthesis of Dicyano Alkyl Quinoline Derivatives in Aqueous Medium. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Usharani Parimi
- Department of Chemistry Acharya Nagarjuna University Guntur- 522510 Andhrapradesh India
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2
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Mailavaram RP, Al-Attraqchi OH, Kar S, Ghosh S. Current Status in the Design and Development of Agonists and Antagonists of Adenosine A3 Receptor as Potential Therapeutic Agents. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:2772-2787. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190716114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) that are responsible
for the modulation of a wide variety of physiological functions. The ARs are also implicated in many
diseases such as cancer, arthritis, cardiovascular and renal diseases. The adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) has
emerged as a potential drug target for the progress of new and effective therapeutic agents for the treatment of
various pathological conditions. This receptor’s involvement in many diseases and its validity as a target has been
established by many studies. Both agonists and antagonists of A3AR have been extensively investigated in the last
decade with the goal of developing novel drugs for treating diseases related to immune disorders, inflammation,
cancer, and others. In this review, we shall focus on the medicinal chemistry of A3AR ligands, exploring the
diverse chemical classes that have been projected as future leading drug candidates. Also, the recent advances in
the therapeuetic applications of A3AR ligands are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu P. Mailavaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Vishnupur (Affiliated to Andhra University), Bhimavaram, W.G. Dist., AP, India
| | - Omar H.A. Al-Attraqchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University-Jordan, P.O BOX (1), Philadelphia University- 19392, Amman, Jordan
| | - Supratik Kar
- Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, United States
| | - Shinjita Ghosh
- School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, United States
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3
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Wang S, Dong G, Sheng C. Structural simplification: an efficient strategy in lead optimization. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:880-901. [PMID: 31649841 PMCID: PMC6804494 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trend toward designing large hydrophobic molecules for lead optimization is often associated with poor drug-likeness and high attrition rates in drug discovery and development. Structural simplification is a powerful strategy for improving the efficiency and success rate of drug design by avoiding "molecular obesity". The structural simplification of large or complex lead compounds by truncating unnecessary groups can not only improve their synthetic accessibility but also improve their pharmacokinetic profiles, reduce side effects and so on. This review will summarize the application of structural simplification in lead optimization. Numerous case studies, particularly those involving successful examples leading to marketed drugs or drug-like candidates, will be introduced and analyzed to illustrate the design strategies and guidelines for structural simplification.
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Key Words
- 11β-HSD, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- 3D, three-dimensional
- ADMET, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity
- AM2, adrenomedullin-2 receptor
- BIOS, biology-oriented synthesis
- CCK, cholecystokinin receptor
- CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide
- Drug design
- Drug discovery
- GlyT1, glycine transport 1
- HBV, hepatitis B virus
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HLM, human liver microsome
- JAKs, Janus tyrosine kinases
- LE, ligand efficiency
- Lead optimization
- LeuRS, leucyl-tRNA synthetase
- MCRs, multicomponent reactions
- MDR-TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
- MW, molecular weight
- NP, natural product
- NPM, nucleophosmin
- PD, pharmacodynamic
- PK, pharmacokinetic
- PKC, protein kinase C
- Pharmacophore-based simplification
- Reducing chiral centers
- Reducing rings number
- SAHA, vorinostat
- SAR, structure‒activity relationship
- SCONP, structural classification of natural product
- Structural simplification
- Structure-based simplification
- TSA, trichostatin A
- TbLeuRS, T. brucei LeuRS
- ThrRS, threonyl-tRNA synthetase
- VANGL1, van-Gogh-like receptor protein 1
- aa-AMP, aminoacyl-AMP
- aa-AMS, aminoacylsulfa-moyladenosine
- aaRSs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
- hA3 AR, human A3 adenosine receptor
- mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Manickam S, Balijapalli U, Sawminathan S, Samuelrajamani P, Kamaraj S, Shanmugam V, Ramalingam S, Iyer SK. One-Pot Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of Styryl-Based Benzo[f
]pyrazolo[3,4-b
]quinoline and Indeno[2,1-b
]pyrazolo[4,3-e
]pyridines. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saravanakumar Manickam
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Umamahesh Balijapalli
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Sathish Sawminathan
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Pavithra Samuelrajamani
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Srividya Kamaraj
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Vijayshanthi Shanmugam
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
| | - Sona Ramalingam
- Chemistry Department; School of Advanced Sciences; Vellore Institute of Technology; 632014 Vellore Tamilnadu India
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5
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Panda S, Pradhan N, Manna D. Ring-Opening of Indoles: An Unconventional Route for the Transformation of Indoles to 1 H-Pyrazoles Using Lewis Acid. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2018; 20:573-578. [PMID: 30199224 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An unusual transformation of indoles to pyrazoles via an aromatic ring-opening strategy has been developed. The salient feature of this strategy involves the C2-N1 bond opening and concomitant cyclization reaction of the C2═C3 bond of the indole moiety with the tosylhydrazone, which proceeds under transition-metal and ligand free conditions. This ring-opening functionalization of indoles provides a wide scope of differently substituted pyrazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Nirmalya Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Debasis Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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6
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Cruz-Monteagudo M, Borges F, Cordeiro MNDS, Helguera AM, Tejera E, Paz-Y-Mino C, Sanchez-Rodriguez A, Perera-Sardina Y, Perez-Castillo Y. Chemoinformatics Profiling of the Chromone Nucleus as a MAO-B/A2AAR Dual Binding Scaffold. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:1117-1135. [PMID: 28093976 PMCID: PMC5725544 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170116145316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the context of the current drug discovery efforts to find disease modifying therapies for Parkinson´s disease (PD) the current single target strategy has proved inefficient. Consequently, the search for multi-potent agents is attracting more and more attention due to the multiple pathogenetic factors implicated in PD. Multiple evidences points to the dual inhibition of the monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), as well as adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR) blockade, as a promising approach to prevent the neurodegeneration involved in PD. Currently, only two chemical scaffolds has been proposed as potential dual MAO-B inhibitors/A2AAR antagonists (caffeine derivatives and benzothiazinones). Methods: In this study, we conduct a series of chemoinformatics analysis in order to evaluate and advance the potential of the chromone nucleus as a MAO-B/A2AAR dual binding scaffold. Results: The information provided by SAR data mining analysis based on network similarity graphs and molecular docking studies support the suitability of the chromone nucleus as a potential MAO-B/A2AAR dual binding scaffold. Additionally, a virtual screening tool based on a group fusion similarity search approach was developed for the prioritization of potential MAO-B/A2AAR dual binder candidates. Among several data fusion schemes evaluated, the MEAN-SIM and MIN-RANK GFSS approaches demonstrated to be efficient virtual screening tools. Then, a combinatorial library potentially enriched with MAO-B/A2AAR dual binding chromone derivatives was assembled and sorted by using the MIN-RANK and then the MEAN-SIM GFSS VS approaches. Conclusion: The information and tools provided in this work represent valuable decision making elements in the search of novel chromone derivatives with a favorable dual binding profile as MAO-B inhibitors and A2AAR antagonists with the potential to act as a disease-modifying therapeutic for Parkinson´s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maykel Cruz-Monteagudo
- CIQUP/Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas (IIB), Universidad de Las Americas, 170513 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Departamento de Quimica e Bioquimica, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - M Natalia D S Cordeiro
- REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Aliuska Morales Helguera
- Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Centro de Bioactivos Quimicos (CBQ), Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Santa Clara, 54830, Cuba
| | - Eduardo Tejera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas (IIB), Universidad de Las Americas, 170513 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cesar Paz-Y-Mino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas (IIB), Universidad de Las Americas, 170513 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Aminael Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Calle Paris S/N, EC1101608 Loja, Ecuador
| | - Yunier Perera-Sardina
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Yunierkis Perez-Castillo
- Molecular Simulation and Drug Design Group, Centro de Bioactivos Quimicos (CBQ), Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas, Santa Clara, 54830, Cuba.,Seccion Fisico Quimica y Matematicas, Departamento de Quimica, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto S/N, EC1101608 Loja, Ecuador
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7
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Structure and spectroscopic investigations of a bi-dentate N ′-[(4-ethylphenyl)methylidene]-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide and its Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) complexes: Insights relevant to biological properties. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Varano F, Catarzi D, Vincenzi F, Betti M, Falsini M, Ravani A, Borea PA, Colotta V, Varani K. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Characterization of 2-(2-Furanyl)thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diamine Derivatives: New Highly Potent A 2A Adenosine Receptor Inverse Agonists with Antinociceptive Activity. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10564-10576. [PMID: 27933962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the design and synthesis of new N5-substituted-2-(2-furanyl) thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diamines (2-18) and their pharmacological characterization as A2A adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists by using in vitro and in vivo assays. In competition binding experiments two derivatives (13 and 14) emerged as outstanding ligands showing two different affinity values (KH and KL) for the hA2A receptor with the high affinity KH value in the femtomolar range. The in vitro functional activity assays, performed by using cyclic AMP experiments, assessed that they behave as potent inverse agonists at the hA2A AR. Compounds 13 and 14 were evaluated for their antinociceptive activity in acute experimental models of pain showing an effect equal to or greater than that of morphine. Overall, these novel inverse agonists might represent potential drug candidates for an alternative approach to the management of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze , via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze , via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara , via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Betti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze , via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Matteo Falsini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze , via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ravani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara , via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara , via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze , via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara , via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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9
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Abid OUR, Ayaz M, Rehman W, Mehdi K, Ali A, Wadood A, Rahim F, Sultan A, Ghufran M, Mir S, Qureshi MT. Synthesis, Enzyme Inhibition, and Molecular Docking Studies of Hydrazones from Dichlorophenylacetic Acids. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201600163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Wajid Rehman
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Kamran Mehdi
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Arif Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan 23200 Pakistan
| | - Fazal Rahim
- Department of Chemistry; Hazara University; Mansehra 21120 Pakistan
| | - Aneesa Sultan
- Department of Biochemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Ghufran
- Department of Biochemistry; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan 23200 Pakistan
| | - Sadullah Mir
- Department of Chemistry; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
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10
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Poli D, Falsini M, Varano F, Betti M, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Pugliese AM, Pedata F, Dal Ben D, Thomas A, Palchetti I, Bettazzi F, Catarzi D, Colotta V. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-8-amine core for the design of new adenosine receptor antagonists: Structural exploration to target the A 3 and A 2A subtypes. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:611-628. [PMID: 27721147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine ring system has been chosen as a new decorable core skeleton for the design of novel adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists targeting either the human (h) A3 or the hA2A receptor subtype. The N8-(hetero)arylcarboxyamido substituted compounds 4-14 and 21-30, bearing a 6-phenyl moiety or not, respectively, show good hA3 receptor affinity and selectivity versus the other ARs. In contrast, the 8-amino-6-(hetero)aryl substituted derivatives designed for targeting the hA2A receptor subtype (compounds 31-38) and also the 6-phenyl analogues 18-20 do not bind the hA2A AR, or show hA1 or balanced hA1/hA2A AR affinity in the micromolar range. Molecular docking of the new hA3 antagonists was carried out to depict their hypothetical binding mode to our refined model of the hA3 receptor. Some derivatives were evaluated for their fluorescent potentiality and showed some fluorescent emission properties. One of the most active hA3 antagonists herein reported, i.e. the 2,6-diphenyl-8-(3-pyridoylamino)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine 29, tested in a rat model of cerebral ischemia, delayed the occurrence of anoxic depolarization caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation in the hippocampus and allowed disrupted synaptic activity to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Poli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Matteo Falsini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Marco Betti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sez. Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17-19, 4412 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sez. Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 17-19, 4412 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Felicita Pedata
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine-CNR, Via P.Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Bettazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sez. Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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11
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Fan W, Li YR, Jiang B, Li G. Cascade bicyclization of triethylammonium thiolates with hydrazines: efficient access to pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:9080-9087. [PMID: 27722433 PMCID: PMC5113139 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01728b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A new bicyclization strategy has been established, allowing a flexible and practical approach to 33 examples of pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolines from low-cost and readily accessible triethylammonium thiolates with hydrazines. Notably, the features of this work include broad functional group compatibility, mild reaction conditions and good reaction yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Rong Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China. and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
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12
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Pedata F, Dettori I, Coppi E, Melani A, Fusco I, Corradetti R, Pugliese AM. Purinergic signalling in brain ischemia. Neuropharmacology 2015; 104:105-30. [PMID: 26581499 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia is a multifactorial pathology characterized by different events evolving in the time. After ischemia a primary damage due to the early massive increase of extracellular glutamate is followed by activation of resident immune cells, i.e microglia, and production or activation of inflammation mediators. Protracted neuroinflammation is now recognized as the predominant mechanism of secondary brain injury progression. Extracellular concentrations of ATP and adenosine in the brain increase dramatically during ischemia in concentrations able to stimulate their respective specific P2 and P1 receptors. Both ATP P2 and adenosine P1 receptor subtypes exert important roles in ischemia. Although adenosine exerts a clear neuroprotective effect through A1 receptors during ischemia, the use of selective A1 agonists is hampered by undesirable peripheral effects. Evidence up to now in literature indicate that A2A receptor antagonists provide protection centrally by reducing excitotoxicity, while agonists at A2A (and possibly also A2B) and A3 receptors provide protection by controlling massive infiltration and neuroinflammation in the hours and days after brain ischemia. Among P2X receptors most evidence indicate that P2X7 receptor contribute to the damage induced by the ischemic insult due to intracellular Ca(2+) loading in central cells and facilitation of glutamate release. Antagonism of P2X7 receptors might represent a new treatment to attenuate brain damage and to promote proliferation and maturation of brain immature resident cells that can promote tissue repair following cerebral ischemia. Among P2Y receptors, antagonists of P2Y12 receptors are of value because of their antiplatelet activity and possibly because of additional anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover strategies that modify adenosine or ATP concentrations at injury sites might be of value to limit damage after ischemia. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Purines in Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicita Pedata
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Dettori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Melani
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Corradetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Varano F, Catarzi D, Squarcialupi L, Betti M, Vincenzi F, Ravani A, Varani K, Dal Ben D, Thomas A, Volpini R, Colotta V. Exploring the 7-oxo-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine core for the design of new human adenosine A3 receptor antagonists. Synthesis, molecular modeling studies and pharmacological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:105-21. [PMID: 25874336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 5-methyl-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-7-ones bearing different substituents at position 2 (aryl, heteroaryl and arylamino groups) was synthesized and evaluated in radioligand binding assays to determine their affinities at the human (h) A1, A2A, and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs). Efficacy at the hA(2B) and antagonism of selected ligands at the hA3 were also assessed through cAMP experiments. Some of the new derivatives exhibited good to high hA3AR affinity and selectivity versus all the other AR subtypes. Compound 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-7-one 4 was found to be the most potent and selective ligand of the series (K(I) hA3 = 18 nM). Molecular docking studies of the reported derivatives were carried out to depict their hypothetical binding mode in our hA3 receptor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy.
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Lucia Squarcialupi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Marco Betti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia, Universita' di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Ravani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia, Universita' di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia, Universita' di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Universita' di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives and their simplified analogues as adenosine A₃ receptor antagonists. Synthesis, structure-affinity relationships and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 23:9-21. [PMID: 25497490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline (TQX) scaffold was extensively investigated in our previously reported studies and recently, our attention was focused at position 5 of the tricyclic nucleus where different acyl and carboxylate moieties were introduced (compounds 2-15). This study produced some interesting compounds endowed with good hA3 receptor affinity and selectivity. In addition, to find new insights about the structural requirements for hA3 receptor-ligand interaction, the tricyclic TQX ring was destroyed yielding some 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (compounds 16-23). These simplified compounds, though maintaining the crucial structural requirements for adenosine receptor-ligand interaction, have a very low hA3 adenosine receptor affinity, the only exception being compound 23 (1-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl]-3-phenylurea) endowed with a Ki value in the micro-molar range and high hA3 selectivity versus both hA1 and hA2A AR subtypes. Evaluation of the side products obtained in the herein reported synthetic pathways led to the identification of some new triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalines as hA3AR antagonists (compounds 24-27). These derivatives, though lacking the classical structural requirements for the anchoring at the hA3 receptor site, show high hA3 affinity and in some case selectivity versus hA1 and hA2A subtypes. Molecular docking of the herein reported tricyclic and simplified derivatives was carried out to depict their hypothetical binding mode to our model of hA3 receptor.
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Squarcialupi L, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Betti M, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Porta N, Ciancetta A, Moro S. 7-Amino-2-phenylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives: Structural investigations at the 5-position to target human A1 and A2A adenosine receptors. Molecular modeling and pharmacological studies. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 84:614-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Matos MJ, Hogger V, Gaspar A, Kachler S, Borges F, Uriarte E, Santana L, Klotz KN. Synthesis and adenosine receptors binding affinities of a series of 3-arylcoumarins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:1590-7. [PMID: 24118065 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present communication, we report the synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, theoretical evaluation of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties and structure-activity relationship study of a selected series of 3-arylcoumarins (compounds 1-9). Adenosine receptors (ARs) binding activity and selectivity of the synthesized compounds 1-9 were evaluated in this study. Different substituents were introduced in both benzene rings of the evaluated scaffold, at positions 6 and 3' or 4' of the moiety. The lack of data on the 3-arylcoumarin scaffold encouraged us to explore the ARs' binding activity of a selected series of derivatives. METHODS A new series of coumarins (compounds 1-9) were synthesized and evaluated by radioligand binding studies towards ARs. KEY FINDINGS Analysing the experimental data, it can be observed that neither the simple 3-arylcoumarin nor the 4'-nitro derivatives presented detectable binding affinity for the evaluated receptors, although most of the other substituted derivatives have good binding affinity profiles, especially against the hA1 /hA3 or only hA3 AR. CONCLUSIONS The most remarkable derivative is compound 2, presenting the best affinity for hA3 AR (Ki = 2680 nM) and significant selectivity for this subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Matos
- CIQUP/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Zhang MM, Yin MY, Wang XS. An Efficient Synthesis of Clopenta[ b]pyrazolo[4,3- f]quinolin-9(3 H)-one Derivatives by Three-component Reaction in Ionic Liquids. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Yue Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu; 221116; People's Republic of China
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19
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A3 adenosine receptor: Homology modeling and 3D-QSAR studies. J Mol Graph Model 2013; 42:60-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Squarcialupi L, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Varani K, Corciulo C, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Ghelardini C, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ciancetta A, Moro S. 2-Arylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-amino derivatives as new potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Molecular modeling studies and pharmacological evaluation. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2256-69. [PMID: 23427825 DOI: 10.1021/jm400068e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of our previously reported 2-arylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-ones, a set of 2-arylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-amines were designed as new human (h) A3 adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. Lipophilic groups with different steric bulk were introduced at the 5-position of the bicyclic scaffold (R5 = Me, Ph, CH2Ph), and different acyl and carbamoyl moieties (R7) were appended on the 7-amino group, as well as a para-methoxy group inserted on the 2-phenyl ring. The presence of acyl groups turned out to be of paramount importance for an efficient and selective binding at the hA3 AR. In fact, most of the 7-acylamino derivatives showed low nanomolar affinity (Ki = 2.5-45 nM) and high selectivity toward this receptor. A few selected pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-amides were effective in counteracting oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in rat astrocyte cell cultures, an in vitro model of neurotoxicity. Through an in silico receptor-driven approach the obtained binding data were rationalized and the molecular bases of the observed hA3 AR affinity and hA3 versus hA2A AR selectivity were explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Squarcialupi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Wang WL, Feng YL, Gao WQ, Luo X, Deng WP. A highly efficient BF3·Et2O-catalysed intramolecular [3+2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydrobenzopyrano[3,4-c]pyrazoles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22025c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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22
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Catarzi D, Colotta V, Varano F, Poli D, Squarcialupi L, Filacchioni G, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Cristalli G. Pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline derivatives and their simplified analogues as adenosine receptor antagonists: Synthesis, structure–affinity relationships and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:283-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Chang EC, Wen YL, Chang CH, Shen YH, Wen SB, Yeh MY, Wong FF. A novel one-pot synthesis of 2-arylpyrazoloquinolinone derivatives. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Baraldi PG, Preti D, Borea PA, Varani K. Medicinal Chemistry of A3 Adenosine Receptor Modulators: Pharmacological Activities and Therapeutic Implications. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5676-703. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300087j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche and ‡Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale-Sezione
di Farmacologia, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Delia Preti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche and ‡Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale-Sezione
di Farmacologia, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche and ‡Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale-Sezione
di Farmacologia, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche and ‡Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale-Sezione
di Farmacologia, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Fanelli F, De Benedetti PG. Update 1 of: computational modeling approaches to structure-function analysis of G protein-coupled receptors. Chem Rev 2011; 111:PR438-535. [PMID: 22165845 DOI: 10.1021/cr100437t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fanelli
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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Cheong SL, Federico S, Venkatesan G, Mandel AL, Shao YM, Moro S, Spalluto G, Pastorin G. The A3 adenosine receptor as multifaceted therapeutic target: pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and in silico approaches. Med Res Rev 2011; 33:235-335. [PMID: 22095687 DOI: 10.1002/med.20254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is an ubiquitous local modulator that regulates various physiological and pathological functions by stimulating four membrane receptors, namely A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). Among these G protein-coupled receptors, the A(3) subtype is found mainly in the lung, liver, heart, eyes, and brain in our body. It has been associated with cerebroprotection and cardioprotection, as well as modulation of cellular growth upon its selective activation. On the other hand, its inhibition by selective antagonists has been reported to be potentially useful in the treatment of pathological conditions including glaucoma, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. In this review, we focused on the pharmacology and the therapeutic implications of the human (h)A(3) adenosine receptor (AR), together with an overview on the progress of hA(3) AR agonists, antagonists, allosteric modulators, and radioligands, as well as on the recent advances pertaining to the computational approaches (e.g., quantitative structure-activity relationships, homology modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations) applied to the modeling of hA(3) AR and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Lee Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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27
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Yin MY, Wang W, Zhang MM, Wang XS. Synthesis of 7-Aryl-9-Methyl-3h- Pyrazolo[4,3-f]Quinoline Derivatives Catalysed by Iodine. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.3184/174751911x13148095775284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of 7-aryl-9-methyl-3H- pyrazolo[4,3-f]quinoline derivatives via a three-component reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, 1H-indazol-5-amine and acetone catalysed by iodine is described. This new procedure has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high yields and a metal-free catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yue Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Mei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plant of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China
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Baraldi PG, Preti D, Zaid AN, Saponaro G, Tabrizi MA, Baraldi S, Romagnoli R, Moorman AR, Varani K, Cosconati S, Di Maro S, Marinelli L, Novellino E, Borea PA. New 2-heterocyclyl-imidazo[2,1-i]purin-5-one derivatives as potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2011; 54:5205-20. [PMID: 21675777 DOI: 10.1021/jm2004738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4-allyl/benzyl-7,8-dihydro-8-methyl/ethyl-2-[(substituted)isoxazol/pyrazol-3/5-yl]-1H-imidazo[2,1-i]purin-5(4H)-ones has been synthesized and evaluated in radioligand binding assays to determine their affinities at the human A(1), A(2A), and A(3) adenosine receptors. Efficacy at the hA(2B) AR and antagonism of selected ligands at the hA(3) AR were also assessed through cAMP experiments. All of the synthesized molecules exhibited high affinity at the hA(3) AR (K(i) values ranging from 1.46 to 44.8 nM), as well as remarkable selectivity versus A(1), A(2A), and A(2B) AR subtypes. Compound (R)-4-allyl-8-ethyl-7,8-dihydro-2-(3-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-imidazo[2,1-i]purin-5(4H)-one (R-33) was found to be the most potent and selective ligand of the series (K(i) hA(3) = 1.46 nM, K(i) hA(2A)/K(i) hA(3) > 3425; IC(50) hA(2B)/K(i) hA(3) > 3425; K(i) hA(1)/K(i) hA(3) = 1729). Molecular modeling studies were helpful in rationalizing the available structure-activity relationships along with the selectivity profiles of the new series of ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Synthesis, structure–affinity relationships, and molecular modeling studies of novel pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline derivatives as adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3757-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Pharmacophore elucidation for a new series of 2-aryl-pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidines as potent human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2898-905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Poli D, Catarzi D, Colotta V, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Daniele S, Trincavelli L, Martini C, Paoletta S, Moro S. The identification of the 2-phenylphthalazin-1(2H)-one scaffold as a new decorable core skeleton for the design of potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2011; 54:2102-13. [PMID: 21401121 DOI: 10.1021/jm101328n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Following a molecular simplification approach, we have identified the 2-phenylphthalazin-1(2H)-one (PHTZ) ring system as a new decorable core skeleton for the design of novel hA(3) adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. Interest for this new series was driven by the structural similarity between the PHTZ skeleton and both the 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (TQX) and the 4-carboxamido-quinazoline (QZ) scaffolds extensively investigated in our previously reported studies. Our attention was focused at position 4 of the phthalazine nucleus where different amido and ureido moieties were introduced (compounds 2-20). Some of the new PHTZ compounds showed high hA(3) AR affinity and selectivity, the 2,5-dimethoxyphenylphthalazin-1(2H)-one 18 being the most potent and selective hA(3) AR antagonist among this series (K(i) = 0.776 nM; hA(1)/hA(3) and hA(2A)/hA(3) > 12000). Molecular docking studies on the PHTZ derivatives revealed for these compounds a binding mode similar to that of the previously reported TQX and QZ series, as was expected from the simplification approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Poli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff, 6-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
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Pyrazolo derivatives as potent adenosine receptor antagonists: an overview on the structure-activity relationships. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2011; 2011:480652. [PMID: 25954519 PMCID: PMC4411897 DOI: 10.1155/2011/480652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the past few decades, medicinal chemistry research towards potent and selective antagonists of human adenosine receptors (namely, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) has been evolving rapidly. These antagonists are deemed therapeutically beneficial in several pathological conditions including neurological and renal disorders, cancer, inflammation, and glaucoma. Up to this point, many classes of compounds have been successfully synthesized and identified as potent human adenosine receptor antagonists. In this paper, an overview of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) profiles of promising nonxanthine pyrazolo derivatives is reported and discussed. We have emphasized the SAR for some representative structures such as pyrazolo-[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo-[1,5-c]pyrimidines; pyrazolo-[3,4-c] or -[4,3-c]quinolines; pyrazolo-[4,3-d]pyrimidinones; pyrazolo-[3,4-d]pyrimidines and pyrazolo-[1,5-a]pyridines. This overview not only clarifies the structural requirements deemed essential for affinity towards individual adenosine receptor subtypes, but it also sheds light on the rational design and optimization of existing structural templates to allow us to conceive new, more potent adenosine receptor antagonists.
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Vecchione MK, Sun AX, Seidel D. Divergent reactions of indoles with aminobenzaldehydes: indole ring-opening vs. annulation and facile synthesis of neocryptolepine. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00506e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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Pran Kishore D, Balakumar C, Raghuram Rao A, Roy PP, Roy K. QSAR of adenosine receptor antagonists: Exploring physicochemical requirements for binding of pyrazolo[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives with human adenosine A3 receptor subtype. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:818-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Cheong SL, Dolzhenko A, Kachler S, Paoletta S, Federico S, Cacciari B, Dolzhenko A, Klotz KN, Moro S, Spalluto G, Pastorin G. The significance of 2-furyl ring substitution with a 2-(para-substituted) aryl group in a new series of pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidines as potent and highly selective hA(3) adenosine receptors antagonists: new insights into structure-affinity relationship and receptor-antagonist recognition. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3361-75. [PMID: 20307065 DOI: 10.1021/jm100049f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among the heterocyclic structures identified as potent human A(3) (hA(3)) adenosine receptor's antagonists, we have demonstrated that the new pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidines, bearing an aryl group in replacement of the C(2)-furyl ring, not only confer a good pharmacological profile (with significantly enhanced selectivity against other adenosine receptor subytpes) but also overcome the metabolic transformation of the furan ring into toxic intermediates. All the synthesized [2-(para-substituted) phenyl]-pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidines showed affinity at the hA(3) receptor in the low nanomolar range. The most potent derivative of the series presented better affinity and excellent selectivity (compound 31, K(i) hA(3) = 0.108 nM; hA(1)/hA(3) = 5200; hA(2A)/hA(3) = 7200), in comparison to the C(2)-furyl counterpart. A receptor-driven molecular modeling investigation, based on a recently proposed model of A(3) receptor derived from the crystallographic structure of human A(2A) receptor, has been carried out in order to support the experimental binding data and to justify the enhanced selectivity against the other receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Lee Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Block S15, no. 05-PI-03, Singapore 117543
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Lee S, Park SB. An efficient one-step synthesis of heterobiaryl pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines via indole ring opening. Org Lett 2010; 11:5214-7. [PMID: 19835392 DOI: 10.1021/ol902147u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A mild one-step synthetic method to access privileged heterobiaryl pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines from indole-3-carboxaldehyde derivatives and a variety of aminopyrazoles has been developed. This novel method constructs heterobiaryls with the wide scope of substrate generality and excellent regioselectivity via indole ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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37
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Lenzi O, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Poli D, Filacchioni G, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Paoletta S, Morizzo E, Moro S. 2-Phenylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one as a new scaffold to obtain potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists: new insights into the receptor-antagonist recognition. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7640-52. [PMID: 19743865 DOI: 10.1021/jm900718w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A molecular simplification approach of previously reported 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-ones was applied to design 2-arylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one derivatives as new human A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists. Substituents with different lipophilicity and steric hindrance were introduced at the 5-position of the bicyclic scaffold (R(5) = H, Me, Et, Ph, CH(2)Ph) and on the 2-phenyl ring (OMe, Me). Most of the synthesized derivatives were highly potent hA(3) adenosine receptor antagonists, the best being the 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (K(i) = 1.2 nM). The new compounds were also highly selective, being completely devoid of affinity toward hA(1), hA(2A), and hA(2B) adenosine receptors. On the basis of the recently published human A(2A) receptor crystallographic information, we propose a novel receptor-driven hypothesis to explain both A(3) AR affinity and A(3) versus A(2A) selectivity profiles of these new antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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38
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Colotta V, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Pugliese AM, Traini C, Pedata F, Morizzo E, Moro S. Pyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one as a new scaffold to develop potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and ligand-receptor modeling studies. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2407-19. [PMID: 19301821 DOI: 10.1021/jm8014876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The paper describes a new class of human (h) A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists, the 2-arylpyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one derivatives (PTP), either 4-oxo (1-6, series A) or 4-amino-substituted (7-20, series B). In both series A and B, substituents able to act as hydrogen bond acceptors (OMe, OH, F, COOEt) were inserted on the 2-phenyl ring. In series B, cycloalkyl and acyl residues were introduced on the 4-amino group. Some of the new derivatives showed high hA(3) AR affinities (K(i) < 50 nM) and selectivities vs both hA(1) and hA(2A) receptors. The selected 4-benzoylamino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one (18), tested in an in vitro rat model of cerebral ischemia, proved to be effective in preventing the failure of synaptic activity induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in the hippocampus. Molecular docking of this new class of hA(3) AR antagonists was carried out to depict their hypothetical binding mode to our refined model of hA(3) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colotta
- Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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39
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Jacobson KA, Klutz AM, Tosh DK, Ivanov AA, Preti D, Baraldi PG. Medicinal chemistry of the A3 adenosine receptor: agonists, antagonists, and receptor engineering. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009:123-59. [PMID: 19639281 PMCID: PMC3413728 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-89615-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A(3) adenosine receptor (A(3)AR) ligands have been modified to optimize their interaction with the A(3)AR. Most of these modifications have been made to the N(6) and C2 positions of adenine as well as the ribose moiety, and using a combination of these substitutions leads to the most efficacious, selective, and potent ligands. A(3)AR agonists such as IB-MECA and Cl-IB-MECA are now advancing into Phase II clinical trials for treatments targeting diseases such as cancer, arthritis, and psoriasis. Also, a wide number of compounds exerting high potency and selectivity in antagonizing the human (h)A(3)AR have been discovered. These molecules are generally characterized by a notable structural diversity, taking into account that aromatic nitrogen-containing monocyclic (thiazoles and thiadiazoles), bicyclic (isoquinoline, quinozalines, (aza)adenines), tricyclic systems (pyrazoloquinolines, triazoloquinoxalines, pyrazolotriazolopyrimidines, triazolopurines, tricyclic xanthines) and nucleoside derivatives have been identified as potent and selective A(3)AR antagonists. Probably due to the "enigmatic" physiological role of A(3)AR, whose activation may produce opposite effects (for example, concerning tissue protection in inflammatory and cancer cells) and may produce effects that are species dependent, only a few molecules have reached preclinical investigation. Indeed, the most advanced A(3)AR antagonists remain in preclinical testing. Among the antagonists described above, compound OT-7999 is expected to enter clinical trials for the treatment of glaucoma, while several thiazole derivatives are in development as antiallergic, antiasthmatic and/or antiinflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA.
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40
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Colotta V, Capelli F, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Poli D, Vincenzi F, Varani K, Borea PA, Dal Ben D, Volpini R, Cristalli G, Filacchioni G. Novel potent and highly selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists belonging to the 4-amido-2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline series: Molecular docking analysis and pharmacological studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:401-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Traini C, Pugliese AM, Pedata F, Morizzo E, Moro S. Synthesis, ligand–receptor modeling studies and pharmacological evaluation of novel 4-modified-2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one derivatives as potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6086-102. [PMID: 18468446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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42
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Ivanov AA, Wang B, Klutz AM, Chen VL, Gao ZG, Jacobson KA. Probing distal regions of the A2B adenosine receptor by quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling of known and novel agonists. J Med Chem 2008; 51:2088-99. [PMID: 18321038 PMCID: PMC6540094 DOI: 10.1021/jm701442d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The binding modes at the A 2B adenosine receptor (AR) of 72 derivatives of adenosine and its 5'- N-methyluronamide with diverse substitutions at the 2 and N (6) positions were studied using a molecular modeling approach. The compounds in their receptor-docked conformations were used to build CoMFA and CoMSIA quantitative structure-activity relationship models. Various parameters, including different types of atomic charges, were examined. The best statistical parameters were obtained with a joint CoMFA and CoMSIA model: R (2) = 0.960, Q (2) = 0.676, SEE = 0.175, F = 158, and R (2) test = 0.782 for an independent test set containing 18 compounds. On the basis of the modeling results, four novel adenosine analogues, having elongated or bulky substitutions at N (6) position and/or 2 position, were synthesized and evaluated biologically. All of the proposed compounds were potent, full agonists at the A 2B AR in adenylate cyclase studies. Thus, in support of the modeling, bulky substitutions at both positions did not prevent A 2B AR activation, which predicts separate regions for docking of these moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A. Ivanov
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Ben Wang
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Athena M. Klutz
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Vincent L. Chen
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and DigestiVe and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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43
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Mosti L, Fossa P, Menozzi G, Trincavelli L, Floreani M. Quinolinedione nucleus as a novel scaffold for A1 and A2A adenosine receptor antagonists. Med Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-008-9100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Michielan L, Bacilieri M, Schiesaro A, Bolcato C, Pastorin G, Spalluto G, Cacciari B, Klotz KN, Kaseda C, Moro S. Linear and nonlinear 3D-QSAR approaches in tandem with ligand-based homology modeling as a computational strategy to depict the pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidine antagonists binding site of the human adenosine A2A receptor. J Chem Inf Model 2008; 48:350-63. [PMID: 18215030 DOI: 10.1021/ci700300w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The integration of ligand- and structure-based strategies might sensitively increase the success of drug discovery process. We have recently described the application of Molecular Electrostatic Potential autocorrelated vectors (autoMEPs) in generating both linear (Partial Least-Square, PLS) and nonlinear (Response Surface Analysis, RSA) 3D-QSAR models to quantitatively predict the binding affinity of human adenosine A3 receptor antagonists. Moreover, we have also reported a novel GPCR modeling approach, called Ligand-Based Homology Modeling (LBHM), as a tool to simulate the conformational changes of the receptor induced by ligand binding. In the present study, the application of both linear and nonlinear 3D-QSAR methods and LBHM computational techniques has been used to depict the hypothetical antagonist binding site of the human adenosine A2A receptor. In particular, a collection of 127 known human A2A antagonists has been utilized to derive two 3D-QSAR models (autoMEPs/PLS&RSA). In parallel, using a rhodopsin-driven homology modeling approach, we have built a model of the human adenosine A2A receptor. Finally, 3D-QSAR and LBHM strategies have been utilized to predict the binding affinity of five new human A2A pyrazolo-triazolo-pyrimidine antagonists finding a good agreement between the theoretical and the experimental predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Michielan
- Molecular Modeling Section, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 5, I-35131 Padova, Italy
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