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Charbonneau AA, Reicks EJ, Cambria JF, Inman J, Danley D, Shockley EA, Davion R, Salgado I, Norton EG, Corbett LJ, Hanacek LE, Jensen JG, Kibodeaux MA, Kirkpatrick TK, Rausch KM, Roth SR, West B, Wilson KE, Lawrence CM, Cloninger MJ. CUREs for high-level Galectin-3 expression. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 221:106516. [PMID: 38801985 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Galectins are a large and diverse protein family defined by the presence of a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that binds β-galactosides. They play important roles in early development, tissue regeneration, immune homeostasis, pathogen recognition, and cancer. In many cases, studies that examine galectin biology and the effect of manipulating galectins are aided by, or require the ability to express and purify, specific members of the galectin family. In many cases, E. coli is employed as a heterologous expression system, and galectin expression is induced with isopropyl β-galactoside (IPTG). Here, we show that galectin-3 recognizes IPTG with micromolar affinity and that as IPTG induces expression, newly synthesized galectin can bind and sequester cytosolic IPTG, potentially repressing further expression. To circumvent this putative inhibitory feedback loop, we utilized an autoinduction protocol that lacks IPTG, leading to significantly increased yields of galectin-3. Much of this work was done within the context of a course-based undergraduate research experience, indicating the ease and reproducibility of the resulting expression and purification protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth J Reicks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - John F Cambria
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jacob Inman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Daria Danley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Emmie A Shockley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Ravenor Davion
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Isabella Salgado
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Erienne G Norton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lucy J Corbett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lucy E Hanacek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Jordan G Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Marguerite A Kibodeaux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Tess K Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Keilen M Rausch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Samantha R Roth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Bernadette West
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Kenai E Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - C Martin Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mary J Cloninger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA.
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2
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Wang SS, Shao S, Singh A, Hombu R, Lovell JF, Matta KL, Neelamegham S. Photosensitizer-thioglycosides enhance photodynamic therapy by augmenting cellular uptake. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109119. [PMID: 38653028 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizing agents along with light to ablate tissue, including cancers. Such light-driven localized delivery of free-radical oxygen to kill target tissue depends on photosensitizer cell penetration efficacy. While the attachment of monosaccharides and disaccharides to photosensitizers has been shown to potentially provide improved photosensitizer delivery, the range of glycan entities tested thus far is limited. We sought to expand such knowledge by coupling N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to pyropheophorbides as thioglycosides, and then testing photosensitizer efficacy. To this end, GlcNAc was conjugated to both pyropheophorbide-a and methyl pyropheophorbide-a. Among the entities tested, the conjugation of N-acetylglucosamine to methyl pyropheophorbide-a ('PSe') as thioglycoside enhanced cell uptake both in the presence and absence of human serum proteins, relative to other compounds tested. The enhanced PSe penetrance into cells resulted in higher cell death upon illumination with 665 nm light. While acting as a potent photosensitizer, PSe did not affect cellular carbohydrate profiles. Overall, the study presents a new pyropheophorbide glycoconjugate with strong in vitro PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuen-Shiuan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Arun Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Ryoma Hombu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Khushi L Matta
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA; Clinical and Translational Research Center, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
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3
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Hőgye F, Farkas LB, Balogh ÁK, Szilágyi L, Alnukari S, Bajza I, Borbás A, Fehér K, Illyés TZ, Timári I. Saturation Transfer Difference NMR and Molecular Docking Interaction Study of Aralkyl-Thiodigalactosides as Potential Inhibitors of the Human-Galectin-3 Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1742. [PMID: 38339036 PMCID: PMC10855533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Galectin-3 (hGal-3) is a protein that selectively binds to β-galactosides and holds diverse roles in both normal and pathological circumstances. Therefore, targeting hGal-3 has become a vibrant area of research in the pharmaceutical chemistry. As a step towards the development of novel hGal-3 inhibitors, we synthesized and investigated derivatives of thiodigalactoside (TDG) modified with different aromatic substituents. Specifically, we describe a high-yielding synthetic route of thiodigalactoside (TDG); an optimized procedure for the synthesis of the novel 3,3'-di-O-(quinoline-2-yl)methyl)-TDG and three other known, symmetric 3,3'-di-O-TDG derivatives ((naphthalene-2yl)methyl, benzyl, (7-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-on-4-yl)methyl). In the present study, using competition Saturation Transfer Difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy, we determined the dissociation constant (Kd) of the former three TDG derivatives produced to characterize the strength of the interaction with the target protein (hGal-3). Based on the Kd values determined, the (naphthalen-2-yl)methyl, the (quinolin-2-yl)methyl and the benzyl derivatives bind to hGal-3 94, 30 and 24 times more strongly than TDG. Then, we studied the binding modes of the derivatives in silico by molecular docking calculations. Docking poses similar to the canonical binding modes of well-known hGal-3 inhibitors have been found. However, additional binding forces, cation-π interactions between the arginine residues in the binding pocket of the protein and the aromatic groups of the ligands, have been established as significant features. Our results offer a molecular-level understanding of the varying affinities observed among the synthesized thiodigalactoside derivatives, which can be a key aspect in the future development of more effective ligands of hGal-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Hőgye
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.H.); (L.B.F.); (L.S.)
| | - László Bence Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.H.); (L.B.F.); (L.S.)
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
| | - Álex Kálmán Balogh
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
| | - László Szilágyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.H.); (L.B.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Samar Alnukari
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
| | - István Bajza
- GlycOptim Kft., Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Borbás
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Fehér
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
| | - Tünde Zita Illyés
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.H.); (L.B.F.); (L.S.)
| | - István Timári
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (F.H.); (L.B.F.); (L.S.)
- HUN-REN-UD Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.K.B.); (S.A.); (A.B.); (K.F.)
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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5
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Targeting galectin-driven regulatory circuits in cancer and fibrosis. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:295-316. [PMID: 36759557 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are a family of endogenous glycan-binding proteins that have crucial roles in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes. As a group, these proteins use both extracellular and intracellular mechanisms as well as glycan-dependent and independent pathways to reprogramme the fate and function of numerous cell types. Given their multifunctional roles in both tissue fibrosis and cancer, galectins have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for these disorders. Here, we focus on the therapeutic relevance of galectins, particularly galectin 1 (GAL1), GAL3 and GAL9 to tumour progression and fibrotic diseases. We consider an array of galectin-targeted strategies, including small-molecule carbohydrate inhibitors, natural polysaccharides and their derivatives, peptides, peptidomimetics and biological agents (notably, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and truncated galectins) and discuss their mechanisms of action, selectivity and therapeutic potential in preclinical models of fibrosis and cancer. We also review the results of clinical trials that aim to evaluate the efficacy of galectin inhibitors in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cancer. The rapid pace of glycobiology research, combined with the acute need for drugs to alleviate fibrotic inflammation and overcome resistance to anticancer therapies, will accelerate the translation of anti-galectin therapeutics into clinical practice.
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Laderach DJ, Compagno D. Inhibition of galectins in cancer: Biological challenges for their clinical application. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1104625. [PMID: 36703969 PMCID: PMC9872792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins play relevant roles in tumor development, progression and metastasis. Accordingly, galectins are certainly enticing targets for medical intervention in cancer. To date, however, clinical trials based on galectin inhibitors reported inconclusive results. This review summarizes the galectin inhibitors currently being evaluated and discusses some of the biological challenges that need to be addressed to improve these strategies for the benefit of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego José Laderach
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina,*Correspondence: Diego José Laderach,
| | - Daniel Compagno
- Molecular and Functional Glyco-Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facutad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Capasso D, Pirone L, Di Gaetano S, Russo R, Saviano M, Frisulli V, Antonacci A, Pedone E, Scognamiglio V. Galectins detection for the diagnosis of chronic diseases: An emerging biosensor approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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The Synthesis and Preclinical Investigation of Lactosamine-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for the Detection of Galectin-3-Expressing Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112504. [PMID: 36432695 PMCID: PMC9695418 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin promoting tumor growth and metastatis, it could be a valuable target for the treatment of Gal-3-expressing neoplasms. An aromatic group introduced to the C-3′ position of lactosamine increased its affinity for Gal-3. Herein, we aimed at developing a radiopharmaceutical for the detection of Gal-3 positive malignancies. To enhance tumor specificity, a heterodimeric radiotracer capable of binding to both Gal-3 and αvβ3 integrin was also synthetized. Arginine-glycine-asparagine (RGD) peptide is the ligand of angiogenesis- and metastasis-associated αvβ3 integrin. Following the synthesis of the chelator-conjugated (2-naphthyl)methylated lactosamine, the obtained compound was applied as a precursor for radiolabeling and was conjugated to the RGD peptide by click reaction as well. Both synthetized precursors were radiolabeled with 68Ga, resulting in high labeling yield (>97). The biological studies were carried out using B16F10 melanoma tumor-bearing C57BL6 mice. High tumor accumulation of both labeled lactosamine derivatives—detected by in vivo PET and ex vivo biodistribution studies—indicated their potential for melanoma detection. However, the heterodimer radiotracer showed high hepatic uptake, while low liver accumulation characterized chelator-conjugated lactosamine, resulting in PET images with excellent contrast. Therefore, this novel carbohydrate-based radiotracer is suitable for the highly selective determination of Gal-3-expressing melanoma cells.
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Raics M, Balogh ÁK, Kishor C, Timári I, Medrano FJ, Romero A, Go RM, Blanchard H, Szilágyi L, E. Kövér K, Fehér K. Investigation of the Molecular Details of the Interactions of Selenoglycosides and Human Galectin-3. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2494. [PMID: 35269646 PMCID: PMC8910297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human galectin-3 (hGal-3) is involved in a variety of biological processes and is implicated in wide range of diseases. As a result, targeting hGal-3 for clinical applications has become an intense area of research. As a step towards the development of novel hGal-3 inhibitors, we describe a study of the binding of two Se-containing hGal-3 inhibitors, specifically that of di(β-D-galactopyranosyl)selenide (SeDG), in which two galactose rings are linked by one Se atom and a di(β-D-galactopyranosyl)diselenide (DSeDG) analogue with a diseleno bond between the two sugar units. The binding affinities of these derivatives to hGal-3 were determined by 15N-1H HSQC NMR spectroscopy and fluorescence anisotropy titrations in solution, indicating a slight decrease in the strength of interaction for SeDG compared to thiodigalactoside (TDG), a well-known inhibitor of hGal-3, while DSeDG displayed a much weaker interaction strength. NMR and FA measurements showed that both seleno derivatives bind to the canonical S face site of hGal-3 and stack against the conserved W181 residue also confirmed by X-ray crystallography, revealing canonical properties of the interaction. The interaction with DSeDG revealed two distinct binding modes in the crystal structure which are in fast exchange on the NMR time scale in solution, explaining a weaker interaction with hGal-3 than SeDG. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we have found that energetic contributions to the binding enthalpies mainly differ in the electrostatic interactions and in polar solvation terms and are responsible for weaker binding of DSeDG compared to SeDG. Selenium-containing carbohydrate inhibitors of hGal-3 showing canonical binding modes offer the potential of becoming novel hydrolytically stable scaffolds for a new class of hGal-3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Raics
- Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (Á.K.B.)
| | - Álex Kálmán Balogh
- Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (Á.K.B.)
| | - Chandan Kishor
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;
| | - István Timári
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.T.); (L.S.)
| | - Francisco J. Medrano
- Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biolόgicas, Margarita Salas, CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonio Romero
- Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biolόgicas, Margarita Salas, CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Rob Marc Go
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia;
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia;
| | - László Szilágyi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.T.); (L.S.)
| | - Katalin E. Kövér
- Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (Á.K.B.)
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Fehér
- Molecular Recognition and Interaction Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (M.R.); (Á.K.B.)
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Galectin expression detected by 68Ga-galectracer PET as a predictive biomarker of radiotherapy resistance. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022; 49:2746-2760. [PMID: 35106644 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors that is related to radiotherapy resistance. As galectin members, such as galectin-1 and galectin-3, are associated with tumor hypoxia, herein we aimed to investigate whether positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of galectin expression can be employed to effectively pinpoint tumor hypoxia, and to predict radiotherapy resistance. METHODS We synthesized a galectin-targeting radiotracer, designated 68Ga-galectracer, by radiolabeling a thiodigalactoside derivative. The properties of 68Ga-galectracer for PET imaging of tumor hypoxia were characterized in three tumor hypoxia mouse models. Additionally, preliminary PET/CT was performed in two patients with lung cancer to investigate the potential application of 68Ga-galectracer for clinical imaging. RESULTS High-contrast imaging was achieved in the murine acute hypoxia tumor model, A549 natural hypoxia model, and sorafenib treatment-induced hypoxic 4T1 tumor model by PET using 68Ga-galectracer. In fact, 68Ga-galectracer exhibited superior hypoxia detection to that of 18F-misonidazole in the 4T1 tumors. Moreover, tumors with high galectin expression levels, as detected by 68Ga-galectracer PET, exhibited significantly lower responses to subsequent radiotherapy compared to those with low galectin expression levels. In patients with lung cancer, PET imaging using 68Ga-galectracer provided data that were complementary to that of the glucose metabolic PET radiotracer 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. CONCLUSION 68Ga-galectracer is a promising radiotracer for PET-based imaging of tumor hypoxia in vivo. Thus, hypoxia PET with 68Ga-galectracer could provide a noninvasive approach to proactively predict radiotherapy efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2000029522). Registered 03 February 2020.
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11
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The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Galectin-3 in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010046. [PMID: 35053194 PMCID: PMC8774137 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 plays a prominent role in chronic inflammation and has been implicated in the development of many disease conditions, including heart disease. Galectin-3, a regulatory protein, is elevated in both acute and chronic heart failure and is involved in the inflammatory pathway after injury leading to myocardial tissue remodelling. We discussed the potential utility of galectin-3 as a diagnostic and disease severity/prognostic biomarker in different cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, such as acute ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndromes, heart failure and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Over the last decade there has been a marked increase in the understanding the role of galectin-3 in myocardial fibrosis and inflammation and as a therapeutic target for the treatment of heart failure and myocardial infarction.
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12
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St-Gelais J, Leclerc C, Giguère D. Synthesis of fluorinated thiodigalactoside analogues. Carbohydr Res 2021; 511:108481. [PMID: 34837848 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report the first synthesis of fluorinated thiodigalactoside analogues. We used tri-isopropylsilyl thioglycosides as masked glycosyl thiol nucleophiles for the elaboration of two monofluorinated heterodimers, one difluorinated homodimer, and one difluorinated heterodimer. Moreover, we also present an alternative synthesis of 3-deoxy-3-fluorogalactose and 4-deoxy-4-fluorogalactose from a common precursor. Finally, this small set of more stable thiodigalactoside analogues could be interesting inhibitors of galactose-specific lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob St-Gelais
- Département de Chimie, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Christina Leclerc
- Département de Chimie, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Qc, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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13
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Agrahari AK, Bose P, Jaiswal MK, Rajkhowa S, Singh AS, Hotha S, Mishra N, Tiwari VK. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Click Chemistry in Glycoscience and Their Diverse Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7638-7956. [PMID: 34165284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Copper(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between organic azides and terminal alkynes, commonly known as CuAAC or click chemistry, has been identified as one of the most successful, versatile, reliable, and modular strategies for the rapid and regioselective construction of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as diversely functionalized molecules. Carbohydrates, an integral part of living cells, have several fascinating features, including their structural diversity, biocompatibility, bioavailability, hydrophilicity, and superior ADME properties with minimal toxicity, which support increased demand to explore them as versatile scaffolds for easy access to diverse glycohybrids and well-defined glycoconjugates for complete chemical, biochemical, and pharmacological investigations. This review highlights the successful development of CuAAC or click chemistry in emerging areas of glycoscience, including the synthesis of triazole appended carbohydrate-containing molecular architectures (mainly glycohybrids, glycoconjugates, glycopolymers, glycopeptides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycoclusters, and glycodendrimers through regioselective triazole forming modular and bio-orthogonal coupling protocols). It discusses the widespread applications of these glycoproducts as enzyme inhibitors in drug discovery and development, sensing, gelation, chelation, glycosylation, and catalysis. This review also covers the impact of click chemistry and provides future perspectives on its role in various emerging disciplines of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand K Agrahari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Priyanka Bose
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Manoj K Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Sanchayita Rajkhowa
- Department of Chemistry, Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology (JIST), Jorhat, Assam 785010, India
| | - Anoop S Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Srinivas Hotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science and Engineering Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra 411021, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Vinod K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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14
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Gyuricza B, Szabó JP, Arató V, Szücs D, Vágner A, Szikra D, Fekete A. Synthesis of Novel, Dual-Targeting 68Ga-NODAGA-LacN-E[c(RGDfK)] 2 Glycopeptide as a PET Imaging Agent for Cancer Diagnosis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060796. [PMID: 34073528 PMCID: PMC8227980 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiolabeled peptides possessing an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif are widely used radiopharmaceuticals for PET imaging of tumor angiogenesis due to their high affinity and selectivity to αvβ3 integrin. This receptor is overexpressed in tumor and tumor endothelial cells in the case of numerous cancer cell lines, therefore, it is an excellent biomarker for cancer diagnosis. The galectin-3 protein is also highly expressed in tumor cells and N-acetyllactosamine is a well-established ligand of this receptor. We have developed a synthetic method to prepare a lactosamine-containing radiotracer, namely 68Ga-NODAGA-LacN-E[c(RGDfK)]2, for cancer diagnosis. First, a lactosamine derivative with azido-propyl aglycone was synthetized. Then, NODAGA-NHS was attached to the amino group of this lactosamine derivative. The obtained compound was conjugated to an E[c(RGDfK)]2 peptide with a strain-promoted click reaction. We have accomplished the radiolabeling of the synthetized NODAGA-LacN-E[c(RGDfK)]2 precursor with a positron-emitting 68Ga isotope (radiochemical yield of >95%). The purification of the labeled compound with solid-phase extraction resulted in a radiochemical purity of >99%. Subsequently, the octanol–water partition coefficient (log P) of the labeled complex was determined to be −2.58. In addition, the in vitro stability of 68Ga-NODAGA-LacN-E[c(RGDfK)]2 was investigated and it was found that it was stable under the examined conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gyuricza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P. Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Doctoral School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Arató
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Szücs
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Vágner
- Scanomed Ltd., Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Dezső Szikra
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Scanomed Ltd., Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Fekete
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (B.G.); (J.P.S.); (V.A.); (D.S.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-255-510 (ext. 54470)
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15
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Damalanka VC, Maddirala AR, Janetka JW. Novel approaches to glycomimetic design: development of small molecular weight lectin antagonists. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:513-536. [PMID: 33337918 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1857721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The direct binding of carbohydrates or those presented on glycoproteins or glycolipids to proteins is the primary effector of many biological responses. One class of carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins are important in all forms of life. Their functions in animals include regulating cell adhesion, glycoprotein synthesis, metabolism, and mediating immune system response while in bacteria and viruses a lectin-mediated carbohydrate-protein interaction between host cells and the pathogen initiates pathogenesis of the infection.Areas covered: In this review, the authors outline the structural and functional pathogenesis of lectins from bacteria, amoeba, and humans. Mimics of a carbohydrate are referred to as glycomimetics, which are much smaller in molecular weight and are devised to mimic the key binding interactions of the carbohydrate while also allowing additional contacts with the lectin. This article emphasizes the various approaches used over the past 10-15 years in the rational design of glycomimetic ligands.Expert opinion: Medicinal chemistry efforts enabled by X-ray structural biology have identified small-molecule glycomimetic lectin antagonists that have entered or are nearing clinical trials. A common theme in these strategies is the use of biaryl ring systems to emulate the carbohydrate interactions with the lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu C Damalanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
| | - Amarendar Reddy Maddirala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
| | - James W Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis USA
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16
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Dussouy C, Téletchéa S, Lambert A, Charlier C, Botez I, De Ceuninck F, Grandjean C. Access to Galectin-3 Inhibitors from Chemoenzymatic Synthons. J Org Chem 2020; 85:16099-16114. [PMID: 33200927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic strategies are useful for providing both regio- and stereoselective access to bioactive oligosaccharides. We show herein that a glycosynthase mutant of a Thermus thermophilus α-glycosidase can react with unnatural glycosides such as 6-azido-6-deoxy-d-glucose/glucosamine to lead to β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-d-glucopyranoside or β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranoside derivatives bearing a unique azide function. Taking advantage of the orthogonality between the azide and the hydroxyl functional groups, the former was next selectively reacted to give rise to a library of galectin-3 inhibitors. Combining enzyme substrate promiscuity and bioorthogonality thus appears as a powerful strategy to rapidly access to sugar-based ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dussouy
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), UMR 628, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Stéphane Téletchéa
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), UMR 628, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Annie Lambert
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), UMR 628, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Cathy Charlier
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), UMR 628, F-44000 Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, Plateforme IMPACT, UMR 6286, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Iuliana Botez
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Croissy-sur-Seine, 78290 Croissy, France
| | | | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), UMR 628, F-44000 Nantes, France
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17
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Freichel T, Heine V, Laaf D, Mackintosh EE, Sarafova S, Elling L, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Sequence-Defined Heteromultivalent Precision Glycomacromolecules Bearing Sulfonated/Sulfated Nonglycosidic Moieties Preferentially Bind Galectin-3 and Delay Wound Healing of a Galectin-3 Positive Tumor Cell Line in an In Vitro Wound Scratch Assay. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000163. [PMID: 32715650 PMCID: PMC9831253 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Within this work, a new class of sequence-defined heteromultivalent glycomacromolecules bearing lactose residues and nonglycosidic motifs for probing glycoconjugate recognition in carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of galectin-3 is presented. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, are known to play crucial roles in different signaling pathways involved in tumor biology. Thus, research has focused on the design and synthesis of galectin-targeting ligands for use as diagnostic markers or potential therapeutics. Heteromultivalent precision glycomacromolecules have the potential to serve as ligands for galectins. In this work, multivalency and the introduction of nonglycosidic motifs bearing either neutral, amine, or sulfonated/sulfated groups are used to better understand binding in the galectin-3 CRD. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and surface plasmon resonance studies are performed, revealing a positive impact of the sulfonated/sulfated nonglycosidic motifs on galectin-3 binding but not on galectin-1 binding. Selected compounds are then tested with galectin-3 positive MCF 7 breast cancer cells using an in vitro would scratch assay. Preliminary results demonstrate a differential biological effect on MCF 7 cells with high galectin-3 expression in comparison to an HEK 293 control with low galectin-3 expression, indicating the potential for sulfonated/sulfated heteromultivalent glycomacromolecules to serve as preferential ligands for galectin-3 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Freichel
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Viktoria Heine
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | | | - Sophia Sarafova
- Department of Biology, Davidson College, Box 7188, Davidson, NC 28035, USA
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Box 7120, Davidson, NC 28035, USA
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
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18
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Bertuzzi S, Quintana JI, Ardá A, Gimeno A, Jiménez-Barbero J. Targeting Galectins With Glycomimetics. Front Chem 2020; 8:593. [PMID: 32850631 PMCID: PMC7426508 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among glycan-binding proteins, galectins, β-galactoside-binding lectins, exhibit relevant biological roles and are implicated in many diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. Their involvement in crucial pathologies makes them interesting targets for drug discovery. In this review, we gather the last approaches toward the specific design of glycomimetics as potential drugs against galectins. Different approaches, either using specific glycomimetic molecules decorated with key functional groups or employing multivalent presentations of lactose and N-acetyl lactosamine analogs, have provided promising results for binding and modulating different galectins. The review highlights the results obtained with these approximations, from the employment of S-glycosyl compounds to peptidomimetics and multivalent glycopolymers, mostly employed to recognize and/or detect hGal-1 and hGal-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bertuzzi
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Jon I Quintana
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana Gimeno
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country - UPV-EHU, Leioa, Spain
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19
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Dussouy C, Kishor C, Lambert A, Lamoureux C, Blanchard H, Grandjean C. Linear triazole-linked pseudo oligogalactosides as scaffolds for galectin inhibitor development. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1123-1133. [PMID: 32220037 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Galectins play key roles in numerous biological processes. Their mode of action depends on their localization which can be extracellular, cytoplasmic, or nuclear and is partly mediated through interactions with β-galactose containing glycans. Galectins have emerged as novel therapeutic targets notably for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and cancers. This has stimulated the design of carbohydrate-based inhibitors targeting the carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) of the galectins. Pursuing this approach, we reasoned that linear oligogalactosides obtained by straightforward iterative click chemistry could mimic poly-lactosamine motifs expressed at eukaryote cell surfaces which the extracellular form of galectin-3, a prominent member of the galectin family, specifically recognizes. Affinities toward galectin-3 consistently increased with the length of the representative oligogalactosides but without reaching that of oligo-lactosamines. Elucidation of the X-ray crystal structures of the galectin-3 CRD in complex with a synthesized di- and tri-galactoside confirmed that the compounds bind within the carbohydrate-binding site. The atomic structures revealed that binding interactions mainly occur with the galactose moiety at the non-reducing end, primarily with subsites C and D of the CRD, differing from oligo-lactosamine which bind more consistently across the whole groove formed by the five subsites (A-E) of the galectin-3 CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dussouy
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Chandan Kishor
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Annie Lambert
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Clément Lamoureux
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP), CNRS, UMR 6286, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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20
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Sethi A, Sanam S, Munagalasetty S, Jayanthi S, Alvala M. Understanding the role of galectin inhibitors as potential candidates for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: in silico studies. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29873-29884. [PMID: 35518264 PMCID: PMC9056307 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin 3 have the potential to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. We validated the studies by docking, MD and MM/GBSA calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaftaab Sethi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Swetha Sanam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Sharon Munagalasetty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
| | - Sivaraman Jayanthi
- Computational Drug Design Lab
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology
- Vellore Institute of Technology
- Vellore
- India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research-Hyderabad
- Balanagar
- India
- MARS Training Academy
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21
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New clues arising from hunt of saccharides binding to galectin 3 via 3D QSAR and docking studies. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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22
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Goud NS, Soukya PSL, Ghouse M, Komal D, Alvala R, Alvala M. Human Galectin-1 and Its Inhibitors: Privileged Target for Cancer and HIV. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1369-1378. [PMID: 30834831 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190304120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Galectin 1(Gal-1), a β-galactoside binding mammalian lectin of 14KDa, is implicated in many signalling pathways, immune responses associated with cancer progression and immune disorders. Inhibition of human Gal-1 has been regarded as one of the potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cancer, as it plays a major role in tumour development and metastasis by modulating various biological functions viz. apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, cell immune escape. Gal-1 is considered as a biomarker in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment condition. The overexpression of Gal-1 is well established and seen in many types of cancer progression like osteosarcoma, breast, lung, prostate, melanoma, etc. Gal-1 greatly accelerates the binding kinetics of HIV-1 to susceptible cells, leading to faster viral entry and a more robust viral replication by specific binding of CD4 cells. Hence, the Gal-1 is considered a promising molecular target for the development of new therapeutic drugs for cancer and HIV. The present review laid emphasis on structural insights and functional role of Gal-1 in the disease, current Gal-1 inhibitors and future prospects in the design of specific Gal-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narella Sridhar Goud
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - P S Lakshmi Soukya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Mahammad Ghouse
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Daipule Komal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
| | - Ravi Alvala
- G. Pulla Reddy College of pharmacy, Hyderabad, 500028, India
| | - Mallika Alvala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India
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23
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Zhang H, Ippel H, Miller MC, Wong TJ, Griffioen AW, Mayo KH, Pieters RJ. Hybrid ligands with calixarene and thiodigalactoside groups: galectin binding and cytotoxicity. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019; 6:2981-2990. [PMID: 34912566 PMCID: PMC8612729 DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Galectins have diverse functions and are involved in many biological processes because of their complex intra- and extracellular activities. Selective and potent inhibitors for galectins will be valuable tools to investigate the biological functions of these proteins. Therefore, we describe here the synthesis of galectin inhibitors with a potential "chelate effect". These compounds are designed to bind to two different binding sites on galectins simultaneously. In this paper a series of asymmetric "hybrid" compounds are prepared, which combine two galectin ligands (1) a substituted thiodigalactoside derivative and (2) an antagonist calixarene-based therapeutic agent. NMR spectroscopy was used to evaluate the interactions of these compounds with Galectin-1 and -3. In addition, cellular experiments were conducted to compare the cytotoxic effects of the hybrids with those of a calixarene derivative. While only the thiodigalactoside part of the hybrids showed strong binding, the calixarene part was responsible for observed cytoxoxicity effects, suggesting that the calixarene moiety may also be addressing a non-galectin target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University P.O. Box 80082 NL-3508 TB Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry and the Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Tse J Wong
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University P.O. Box 80082 NL-3508 TB Utrecht The Netherlands
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24
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Restuccia A, Fettis MM, Farhadi SA, Molinaro MD, Kane B, Hudalla GA. Evaluation of Self-Assembled Glycopeptide Nanofibers Modified with N,N′-Diacetyllactosamine for Selective Galectin-3 Recognition and Inhibition. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Restuccia
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, PO Box 116131, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56, 1275 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Margaret M. Fettis
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, PO Box 116131, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56, 1275 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Shaheen A. Farhadi
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, PO Box 116131, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56, 1275 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Matthew D. Molinaro
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, PO Box 116131, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56, 1275 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Bryant Kane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, 1200 Newell Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Gregory A. Hudalla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, PO Box 116131, Biomedical Sciences Building JG56, 1275 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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25
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Manzoni F, Wallerstein J, Schrader TE, Ostermann A, Coates L, Akke M, Blakeley MP, Oksanen E, Logan DT. Elucidation of Hydrogen Bonding Patterns in Ligand-Free, Lactose- and Glycerol-Bound Galectin-3C by Neutron Crystallography to Guide Drug Design. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4412-4420. [PMID: 29672051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The medically important drug target galectin-3 binds galactose-containing moieties on glycoproteins through an intricate pattern of hydrogen bonds to a largely polar surface-exposed binding site. All successful inhibitors of galectin-3 to date have been based on mono- or disaccharide cores closely resembling natural ligands. A detailed understanding of the H-bonding networks in these natural ligands will provide an improved foundation for the design of novel inhibitors. Neutron crystallography is an ideal technique to reveal the geometry of hydrogen bonds because the positions of hydrogen atoms are directly detected rather than being inferred from the positions of heavier atoms as in X-ray crystallography. We present three neutron crystal structures of the C-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain of galectin-3: the ligand-free form and the complexes with the natural substrate lactose and with glycerol, which mimics important interactions made by lactose. The neutron crystal structures reveal unambiguously the exquisite fine-tuning of the hydrogen bonding pattern in the binding site to the natural disaccharide ligand. The ligand-free structure shows that most of these hydrogen bonds are preserved even when the polar groups of the ligand are replaced by water molecules. The protonation states of all histidine residues in the protein are also revealed and correlate well with NMR observations. The structures give a solid starting point for molecular dynamics simulations and computational estimates of ligand binding affinity that will inform future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Manzoni
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology , Lund University , S-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Johan Wallerstein
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry , Lund University , S-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Tobias E Schrader
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) , Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH , Lichtenbergstrasse 1 , 85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Andreas Ostermann
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Leighton Coates
- Neutron Scattering Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , 1 Bethel Valley Road , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Mikael Akke
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry , Lund University , S-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Matthew P Blakeley
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 71 avenue des Martyrs , 38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Esko Oksanen
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology , Lund University , S-221 00 Lund , Sweden.,Instrument Division , European Spallation Source ERIC , Box 176, S-221 00 Lund , Sweden
| | - Derek T Logan
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology , Lund University , S-221 00 Lund , Sweden
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26
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Elola MT, Ferragut F, Méndez-Huergo SP, Croci DO, Bracalente C, Rabinovich GA. Galectins: Multitask signaling molecules linking fibroblast, endothelial and immune cell programs in the tumor microenvironment. Cell Immunol 2018; 333:34-45. [PMID: 29602445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells corrupt surrounding normal cells instructing them to support proliferative, pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive networks that favor tumorigenesis and metastasis. This dynamic cross-talk is sustained by a range of intracellular signals and extracellular mediators produced by both tumoral and non-tumoral cells. Galectins -whether secreted or intracellularly expressed- play central roles in the tumorigenic process by delivering regulatory signals that contribute to reprogram fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cell programs. Through glycosylation-dependent or independent mechanisms, these endogenous lectins control a variety of cellular events leading to tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, inflammation, angiogenesis and immune escape. Here we discuss the role of galectin-driven pathways, particularly those activated in non-tumoral stromal cells, in modulating tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María T Elola
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Fátima Ferragut
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Santiago P Méndez-Huergo
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego O Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología. Instituto de Histología y Embriología "Dr. Marío H. Burgos" (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Exactas y Naturales, C5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Candelaria Bracalente
- Instituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas Prof. Dr. Alejandro Paladini (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1113 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428 Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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27
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Zhang H, Laaf D, Elling L, Pieters RJ. Thiodigalactoside-Bovine Serum Albumin Conjugates as High-Potency Inhibitors of Galectin-3: An Outstanding Example of Multivalent Presentation of Small Molecule Inhibitors. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1266-1275. [PMID: 29474087 PMCID: PMC5909177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Galectin inhibitors
are urgently needed to understand the mode
of action and druggability of different galectins, but potent and
selective agents still evade researchers. Small-sized inhibitors based
on thiodigalactoside (TDG) have shown their potential while modifications
at their C3 position indicated a strategy to improve selectivity and
potency. Considering the role of galectins as glycoprotein traffic
police, involved in multivalent bridging interactions, we aimed to
create multivalent versions of the potent TDG inhibitors. We herein
present for the first time the multivalent attachment of a TDG derivative
using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the scaffold. An efficient synthetic
method is presented to obtain a novel type of neoglycosylated proteins
loaded with different numbers of TDG moieties. A polyethylene glycol
(PEG)-spacer is introduced between the TDG and the protein scaffold
maintaining appropriate accessibility for an adequate galectin interaction.
The novel conjugates were evaluated in galectin binding and inhibition
studies in vitro. The conjugate with a moderate density
of 19 conjugated TDGs was identified as one of the most potent multivalent
Gal-3 inhibitors so far, with a clear demonstration of the benefit
of a multivalent ligand presentation. The described method may facilitate
the development of specific galectin inhibitors and their application
in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering , RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstrasse 20 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering , RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstrasse 20 , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences , Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99 , 3584 CG Utrecht , The Netherlands
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28
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Dissecting the Structure-Activity Relationship of Galectin-Ligand Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020392. [PMID: 29382172 PMCID: PMC5855614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are β-galactoside-binding proteins. As carbohydrate-binding proteins, they participate in intracellular trafficking, cell adhesion, and cell-cell signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that they play a pivotal role in numerous physiological and pathological activities, such as the regulation on cancer progression, inflammation, immune response, and bacterial and viral infections. Galectins have drawn much attention as targets for therapeutic interventions. Several molecules have been developed as galectin inhibitors. In particular, TD139, a thiodigalactoside derivative, is currently examined in clinical trials for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we provide an in-depth review on the development of galectin inhibitors, aiming at the dissection of the structure-activity relationship to demonstrate how inhibitors interact with galectin(s). We especially integrate the structural information established by X-ray crystallography with several biophysical methods to offer, not only in-depth understanding at the molecular level, but also insights to tackle the existing challenges.
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29
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Pereira PMR, Rizvi W, Bhupathiraju NVSDK, Berisha N, Fernandes R, Tomé JPC, Drain CM. Carbon-1 versus Carbon-3 Linkage of d-Galactose to Porphyrins: Synthesis, Uptake, and Photodynamic Efficiency. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:306-315. [PMID: 29313666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The use of glycosylated compounds is actively pursued as a therapeutic strategy for cancer due to the overexpression of various types of sugar receptors and transporters on most cancer cells. Conjugation of saccharides to photosensitizers such as porphyrins provides a promising strategy to improve the selectivity and cell uptake of the photosensitizers, enhancing the overall photosensitizing efficacy. Most porphyrin-carbohydrate conjugates are linked via the carbon-1 position of the carbohydrate because this is the most synthetically accessible approach. Previous studies suggest that carbon-1 galactose derivatives show diminished binding since the hydroxyl group in the carbon-1 position of the sugar is a hydrogen bond acceptor in the galectin-1 sugar binding site. We therefore synthesized two isomeric porphyrin-galactose conjugates using click chemistry: one linked via the carbon-1 of the galactose and one linked via carbon-3. Free base and zinc analogs of both conjugates were synthesized. We assessed the uptake and photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) activity of the two conjugates in both monolayer and spheroidal cell cultures of four different cell lines. For both the monolayer and spheroid models, we observe that the uptake of both conjugates is proportional to the protein levels of galectin-1 and the uptake is suppressed after preincubation with an excess of thiogalactose, as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. Compared to that of the carbon-1 conjugate, the uptake of the carbon-3 conjugate was greater in cell lines containing high expression levels of galectin-1. After photodynamic activation, MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays demonstrated that the conjugates induce phototoxicity in both monolayers and spheroids of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M R Pereira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Waqar Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - N V S Dinesh K Bhupathiraju
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Naxhije Berisha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra , 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Research Consortium, University of Coimbra , 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João P C Tomé
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro , 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.,CQE, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Charles Michael Drain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
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30
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Suthahar N, Meijers WC, Silljé HH, Ho JE, Liu FT, de Boer RA. Galectin-3 Activation and Inhibition in Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update. Theranostics 2018; 8:593-609. [PMID: 29344292 PMCID: PMC5771079 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a versatile protein orchestrating several physiological and pathophysiological processes in the human body. In the last decade, considerable interest in galectin-3 has emerged because of its potential role as a biotarget. Galectin-3 is differentially expressed depending on the tissue type, however its expression can be induced under conditions of tissue injury or stress. Galectin-3 overexpression and secretion is associated with several diseases and is extensively studied in the context of fibrosis, heart failure, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Monomeric (extracellular) galectin-3 usually undergoes further "activation" which significantly broadens the spectrum of biological activity mainly by modifying its carbohydrate-binding properties. Self-interactions of this protein appear to play a crucial role in regulating the extracellular activities of this protein, however there is limited and controversial data on the mechanisms involved. We therefore summarize (recent) literature in this area and describe galectin-3 from a binding perspective providing novel insights into mechanisms by which galectin-3 is known to be "activated" and how such activation may be regulated in pathophysiological scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Suthahar
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter C. Meijers
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Herman H.W. Silljé
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jennifer E. Ho
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
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31
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Irwin JJ, Gaskins G, Sterling T, Mysinger MM, Keiser MJ. Predicted Biological Activity of Purchasable Chemical Space. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 58:148-164. [PMID: 29193970 PMCID: PMC5780839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Whereas
400 million distinct compounds are now purchasable within
the span of a few weeks, the biological activities of most are unknown.
To facilitate access to new chemistry for biology, we have combined
the Similarity Ensemble Approach (SEA) with the maximum Tanimoto similarity
to the nearest bioactive to predict activity for every commercially
available molecule in ZINC. This method, which we label SEA+TC, outperforms
both SEA and a naïve-Bayesian classifier via predictive performance
on a 5-fold cross-validation of ChEMBL’s bioactivity data set
(version 21). Using this method, predictions for over 40% of compounds
(>160 million) have either high significance (pSEA ≥ 40),
high
similarity (ECFP4MaxTc ≥ 0.4), or both, for one or more of
1382 targets well described by ligands in the literature. Using a
further 1347 less-well-described targets, we predict activities for
an additional 11 million compounds. To gauge whether these predictions
are sensible, we investigate 75 predictions for 50 drugs lacking a
binding affinity annotation in ChEMBL. The 535 million predictions
for over 171 million compounds at 2629 targets are linked to purchasing
information and evidence to support each prediction and are freely
available via https://zinc15.docking.org and https://files.docking.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Irwin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, United States
| | - Garrett Gaskins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, United States.,Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, United States.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States.,Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 550 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Teague Sterling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, United States
| | - Michael M Mysinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, United States
| | - Michael J Keiser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, United States.,Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane, San Francisco, California 94158, United States.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , Byers Hall, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States.,Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 550 16th Street, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
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32
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Brittoli A, Fallarini S, Zhang H, Pieters RJ, Lombardi G. "In vitro" studies on galectin-3 in human natural killer cells. Immunol Lett 2017; 194:4-12. [PMID: 29248489 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside binding protein able to modulate both innate and adaptive immune responses. First identified in macrophages, Gal-3 has been studied widely in many mammalian immune cells, but scarcely in natural killer (NK) cells. The aim of this study was to analyze Gal-3 in human NK cells, isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Both PCR and RT-PCR analysis showed that resting human NK cells express Gal-3 mRNA, which can be modulated upon cytokine stimulation (100 U/ml IL-2 + 20 ng/ml IL-15) for different period of time (1-24 h). Western blot, cytofluorimetry, and confocal microscopy analysis clearly demonstrated that the Gal-3 gene can translate into the corresponding protein. From our results, resting NK cells, isolated from different healthy donors, can express high or low basal levels of Gal-3. In NK cells, Gal-3 was always intracellularly detected at both cytoplasm and nucleus levels, while never at the membrane surface, and its localization resulted independent from the cellular activation status. In addition, the intracellular Gal-3 can co-localize with perforin in exocytic vesicles. Cell treatment with a thiodigalactoside-based Gal-3 inhibitor (1-30 μM) slightly increased the number of degranulating NK cells, while it significantly increased the percentage of cells releasing high amounts of cytotoxic granules (+ 36 ± 3% vs. inhibitor-untreated cells at 30 μM Gal-3). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that human resting NK cells express Gal-3 at both gene and protein levels and that the Gal-3 expression can be modulated upon cytokine stimulation. In the same cells, Gal-3 always localizes intracellularly and functionally correlates with the degree of NK cell degranulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Brittoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of "Piemonte Orientale, A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Silvia Fallarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of "Piemonte Orientale, A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht University, 3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Grazia Lombardi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of "Piemonte Orientale, A. Avogadro", Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy.
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33
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Dion J, Advedissian T, Storozhylova N, Dahbi S, Lambert A, Deshayes F, Viguier M, Tellier C, Poirier F, Téletchéa S, Dussouy C, Tateno H, Hirabayashi J, Grandjean C. Development of a Sensitive Microarray Platform for the Ranking of Galectin Inhibitors: Identification of a Selective Galectin-3 Inhibitor. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2428-2440. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Dion
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Tamara Advedissian
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Nataliya Storozhylova
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Samir Dahbi
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Annie Lambert
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Frédérique Deshayes
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Mireille Viguier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Charles Tellier
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Françoise Poirier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Stéphane Téletchéa
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Christophe Dussouy
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery; Cellular Glycome-Targeted Technology Group; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 2 1-1-1 Umezuno Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Jun Hirabayashi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery; Cellular Glycome-Targeted Technology Group; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST); Central 2 1-1-1 Umezuno Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8568 Japan
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2, chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
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34
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Laaf D, Steffens H, Pelantová H, Bojarová P, Křen V, Elling L. Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis of BranchedN-Acetyllactosamine Glycan Oligomers for Galectin-3 Inhibition. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Hanna Steffens
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology; Czech Academy of Sciences; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology; Czech Academy of Sciences; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology; Czech Academy of Sciences; Vídeňská 1083 14220 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstrasse 20 52074 Aachen Germany
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Laaf D, Bojarová P, Pelantová H, Křen V, Elling L. Tailored Multivalent Neo-Glycoproteins: Synthesis, Evaluation, and Application of a Library of Galectin-3-Binding Glycan Ligands. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2832-2840. [PMID: 28976746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a member of the β-galactoside-binding lectin family, is a tumor biomarker and involved in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Gal-3 is therefore considered as a promising target for early cancer diagnosis and anticancer therapy. We here present the synthesis of a library of tailored multivalent neo-glycoproteins and evaluate their Gal-3 binding properties. By the combinatorial use of glycosyltransferases and chemo-enzymatic reactions, we first synthesized a set of N-acetyllactosamine (Galβ1,4GlcNAc; LacNAc type 2)-based oligosaccharides featuring five different terminating glycosylation epitopes, respectively. Neo-glycosylation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was accomplished by dialkyl squarate coupling to lysine residues resulting in a library of defined multivalent neo-glycoproteins. Solid-phase binding assays with immobilized neo-glycoproteins revealed distinct affinity and specificity of the multivalent glycan epitopes for Gal-3 binding. In particular, neo-glycoproteins decorated with N',N″-diacetyllactosamine (GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAc; LacdiNAc) epitopes showed high selectivity and were demonstrated to capture Gal-3 from human serum with high affinity. Furthermore, neo-glycoproteins with terminal biotinylated LacNAc glycan motif could be utilized as Gal-3 detection agents in a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay format. We conclude that, in contrast to antibody-based capture steps, the presented neo-glycoproteins are highly useful to detect functionally intact Gal-3 with high selectivity and avidity. We further gain novel insights into the binding affinity of Gal-3 using tailored multivalent neo-glycoproteins, which have the potential for an application in the context of cancer-related biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Laaf
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University , Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Bertleff-Zieschang N, Bechold J, Grimm C, Reutlinger M, Schneider P, Schneider G, Seibel J. Exploring the Structural Space of the Galectin-1-Ligand Interaction. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1477-1481. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Bertleff-Zieschang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Julian Bechold
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Clemens Grimm
- Biozentrum der Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Reutlinger
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH); Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Petra Schneider
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH); Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH); Department Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Julius Maximilians-Universität Würzburg; Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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Biotinylated N-Acetyllactosamine- and N,N-Diacetyllactosamine-Based Oligosaccharides as Novel Ligands for Human Galectin-3. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4020031. [PMID: 28952509 PMCID: PMC5590477 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin inhibitor design is an emerging research field due to the involvement of galectins in cancer. Galectin-3, in particular, plays an important role in tumor progression. To generate inhibitors, modifications of the glycan structure can be introduced. Conjugation of hydrophobic compounds to saccharides has proven to be promising as increased binding of galectin-3 can be observed. In the present study, we report on neo-glycans carrying hydrophobic biotin as novel ligands for human galectin-3. We modified N-acetyllactosamine- and N,N-diacetyllactosamine-based tetrasaccharides at the C6-position of the terminal saccharide unit using selective enzymatic oxidation and subsequent chemical conjugation of biotinamidohexanoic acid hydrazide. These neo-glycans were much better bound by galectin-3 than the unmodified counterparts. High selectivity for galectin-3 over galectin-1 was also proven. We generated multivalent neo-glycoproteins by conjugation of neo-glycans to bovine serum albumin showing high affinity for galectin-3. Compared to non-biotinylated neo-glycoproteins, we achieved high binding levels of galectin-3 with a lesser amount of conjugated neo-glycans. Multivalent ligand presentation of neo-glycoproteins significantly increased the inhibitory potency towards galectin-3 binding to asialofetuin when compared to free monovalent glycans. Our findings show the positive impact of 6-biotinylation of tetrasaccharides on galectin-3 binding, which broadens the recent design approaches for producing high-affinity ligands.
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Dion J, Deshayes F, Storozhylova N, Advedissian T, Lambert A, Viguier M, Tellier C, Dussouy C, Poirier F, Grandjean C. Lactosamine-Based Derivatives as Tools to Delineate the Biological Functions of Galectins: Application to Skin Tissue Repair. Chembiochem 2017; 18:782-789. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Dion
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Frédérique Deshayes
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Nataliya Storozhylova
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Tamara Advedissian
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Annie Lambert
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Mireille Viguier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Charles Tellier
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Christophe Dussouy
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
| | - Françoise Poirier
- Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7 Sorbonne Paris Cité; Institut Jacques Monod; UMR CNRS 7592; 15 rue Hélène Brion 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Cyrille Grandjean
- Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques; Unité Fonctionnalité et Ingénierie des Protéines (UFIP); Université de Nantes; UMR CNRS 6286; 2 chemin de la Houssinière B. P. 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
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Investigating carbohydrate based ligands for galectin-3 with docking and molecular dynamics studies. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 71:211-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mandal S, Rajput VK, Sundin AP, Leffler H, Mukhopadhyay B, Nilsson UJ. Galactose-amidine derivatives as selective antagonists of galectin-9. CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The family of galectin proteins involved in adhesion, growth regulation, immunity, and inflammatory events are important targets for development of small molecule antagonists. Here, N-sulfonyl amidine galactopyranoside derivatives obtained via a multicomponent reaction between galactose alkyne derivatives, sulfonyl azides, and amines were evaluated as antagonists of galectin-1, -2, -3, -4N (N-terminal domain), -4C (C-terminal domain), -8N, -9N, and -9C in a competitive fluorescence polarization assay. Highly selective compounds against galectin-9N with up to 30-fold improved affinity compared to the reference methyl β-d-galactopyranoside were identified. Molecular dynamics simulation suggested that the selectivity and affinity for galectin-9N originate from the N-sulfonyl amidine moieties forming tridentate hydrogen bonds to two asparagine side chains and one phenyl stacking edge-to-face to an arginine side chain. These selective galectin-9N antagonists are of significant value as chemical tools for studying galectin-9 biology and chemistry as well as possible starting structures for the discovery of galectin-9-targeting drugs influencing, e.g., immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Mandal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Vishal K. Rajput
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Anders P. Sundin
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Section MIG, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Balaram Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, India
| | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, POB124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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41
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Campo VL, Marchiori MF, Rodrigues LC, Dias-Baruffi M. Synthetic glycoconjugates inhibitors of tumor-related galectin-3: an update. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:853-876. [PMID: 27526114 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-3 is associated with the development and malignancy of several types of tumor, mediating important tumor-related functions, such as tumorigenesis, neoplastic transformation, tumor cell survival, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis and regulation of apoptosis. Therefore, synthetic galectin-3 inhibitors are of utmost importance for development of new antitumor therapeutic strategies. In this review we present an updated selection of synthetic glycoconjugates inhibitors of tumor-related galectin-3, properly addressed as monosaccharide- and disaccharide-based inhibitors, and multivalent-based inhibitors, disclosuring relevant methods for their synthesis along with their inhibitory activities towards galectin-3. In general, Cu(I)-assisted 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions were predominantly applied for the synthesis of the described inhibitors, which had their inhibitory activities against galectin-3 evaluated by fluorescence polarization, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), hemagglutination, ELISA and cell imaging assays. Overall, the presented synthetic glycoconjugates represent frontline galectin-3 inhibitors, finding important biomedical applications in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Leiria Campo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Fiori Marchiori
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Lílian Cataldi Rodrigues
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Café S/N, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-903, Brazil
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Delaine T, Collins P, MacKinnon A, Sharma G, Stegmayr J, Rajput VK, Mandal S, Cumpstey I, Larumbe A, Salameh BA, Kahl-Knutsson B, van Hattum H, van Scherpenzeel M, Pieters RJ, Sethi T, Schambye H, Oredsson S, Leffler H, Blanchard H, Nilsson UJ. Galectin-3-Binding Glycomimetics that Strongly Reduce Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis and Modulate Intracellular Glycan Recognition. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1759-70. [PMID: 27356186 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of glycan-competitive galectin-3-binding compounds that attenuate lung fibrosis in a murine model and that block intracellular galectin-3 accumulation at damaged vesicles, hence revealing galectin-3-glycan interactions involved in fibrosis progression and in intracellular galectin-3 activities, is reported. 3,3'-Bis-(4-aryltriazol-1-yl)thiodigalactosides were synthesized and evaluated as antagonists of galectin-1, -2, -3, and -4 N-terminal, -4 C-terminal, -7 and -8 N-terminal, -9 N-terminal, and -9 C-terminal domains. Compounds displaying low-nanomolar affinities for galectins-1 and -3 were identified in a competitive fluorescence anisotropy assay. X-ray structural analysis of selected compounds in complex with galectin-3, together with galectin-3 mutant binding experiments, revealed that both the aryltriazolyl moieties and fluoro substituents on the compounds are involved in key interactions responsible for exceptional affinities towards galectin-3. The most potent galectin-3 antagonist was demonstrated to act in an assay monitoring galectin-3 accumulation upon amitriptyline-induced vesicle damage, visualizing a biochemically/medically relevant intracellular lectin-carbohydrate binding event and that it can be blocked by a small molecule. The same antagonist administered intratracheally attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model with a dose/response profile comparing favorably with that of oral administration of the marketed antifibrotic compound pirfenidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Delaine
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Collins
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Alison MacKinnon
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - G Sharma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - John Stegmayr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Vishal K Rajput
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Santanu Mandal
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ian Cumpstey
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amaia Larumbe
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bader A Salameh
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Chemistry Department, The Hashemite University, P. O. Box 150459, Zarka, 13115, Jordan
| | - Barbro Kahl-Knutsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hilde van Hattum
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Monique van Scherpenzeel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, 51 Radboud University Medical Center, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tariq Sethi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Kings College, 41 Denmark Hill Campus, Bessemer Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Hans Schambye
- Galecto Biotech ApS, COBIS, Ole Maaloes vej 3, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark
| | - Stina Oredsson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, P. O. Box 118, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University, BMC-C1228b, Klinikgatan 28, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helen Blanchard
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland, 4222, Australia.
| | - Ulf J Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P. O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Hsieh TJ, Lin HY, Tu Z, Lin TC, Wu SC, Tseng YY, Liu FT, Hsu STD, Lin CH. Dual thio-digalactoside-binding modes of human galectins as the structural basis for the design of potent and selective inhibitors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29457. [PMID: 27416897 PMCID: PMC4945863 DOI: 10.1038/srep29457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human galectins are promising targets for cancer immunotherapeutic and fibrotic disease-related drugs. We report herein the binding interactions of three thio-digalactosides (TDGs) including TDG itself, TD139 (3,3'-deoxy-3,3'-bis-(4-[m-fluorophenyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-thio-digalactoside, recently approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), and TAZTDG (3-deoxy-3-(4-[m-fluorophenyl]-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-thio-digalactoside) with human galectins-1, -3 and -7 as assessed by X-ray crystallography, isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR spectroscopy. Five binding subsites (A-E) make up the carbohydrate-recognition domains of these galectins. We identified novel interactions between an arginine within subsite E of the galectins and an arene group in the ligands. In addition to the interactions contributed by the galactosyl sugar residues bound at subsites C and D, the fluorophenyl group of TAZTDG preferentially bound to subsite B in galectin-3, whereas the same group favored binding at subsite E in galectins-1 and -7. The characterised dual binding modes demonstrate how binding potency, reported as decreased Kd values of the TDG inhibitors from μM to nM, is improved and also offer insights to development of selective inhibitors for individual galectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ya Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Zhijay Tu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chuen Wu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yao Tseng
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Te Danny Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Lin
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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Blanchard H, Bum-Erdene K, Bohari MH, Yu X. Galectin-1 inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:537-54. [PMID: 26950805 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2016.1163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Galectins have affinity for β-galactosides. Human galectin-1 is ubiquitously expressed in the body and its expression level can be a marker in disease. Targeted inhibition of galectin-1 gives potential for treatment of inflammatory disorders and anti-cancer therapeutics. AREAS COVERED This review discusses progress in galectin-1 inhibitor discovery and development. Patent applications pertaining to galectin-1 inhibitors are categorised as monovalent- and multivalent-carbohydrate-based inhibitors, peptides- and peptidomimetics. Furthermore, the potential of galectin-1 protein as a therapeutic is discussed along with consideration of the unique challenges that galectin-1 presents, including its monomer-dimer equilibrium and oxidized and reduced forms, with regard to delivering an intact protein to a pathologically relevant site. EXPERT OPINION Significant evidence implicates galectin-1's involvement in cancer progression, inflammation, and host-pathogen interactions. Conserved sequence similarity of the carbohydrate-binding sites of different galectins makes design of specific antagonists (blocking agents/inhibitors of function) difficult. Key challenges pertaining to the therapeutic use of galectin-1 are its monomer-dimer equilibrium, its redox state, and delivery of intact galectin-1 to the desired site. Developing modified forms of galectin-1 has resulted in increased stability and functional potency. Gene and protein therapy approaches that deliver the protein toward the target are under exploration as is exploitation of different inhibitor scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Blanchard
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | - Khuchtumur Bum-Erdene
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
| | | | - Xing Yu
- a Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast Campus , Queensland , Australia
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45
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Bum-Erdene K, Leffler H, Nilsson UJ, Blanchard H. Structural characterization of human galectin-4 C-terminal domain: elucidating the molecular basis for recognition of glycosphingolipids, sulfated saccharides and blood group antigens. FEBS J 2015; 282:3348-67. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakon Leffler
- Section MIG; Department of Laboratory Medicine; Lund University; Sweden
| | - Ulf J. Nilsson
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; Sweden
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Marchiori MF, Pires Souto DE, Oliveira Bortot L, Francisco Pereira J, Kubota LT, Cummings RD, Dias-Baruffi M, Carvalho I, Campo VL. Synthetic 1,2,3-triazole-linked glycoconjugates bind with high affinity to human galectin-3. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3414-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cecioni S, Imberty A, Vidal S. Glycomimetics versus Multivalent Glycoconjugates for the Design of High Affinity Lectin Ligands. Chem Rev 2014; 115:525-61. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500303t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Cecioni
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Imberty
- CERMAV, Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut
de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires,
Laboratoire de Chimie Organique 2 - Glycochimie, UMR 5246, Université Lyon 1 and CNRS, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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Blanchard H, Yu X, Collins PM, Bum-Erdene K. Galectin-3 inhibitors: a patent review (2008–present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:1053-65. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.947961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Chabre YM, Papadopoulos A, Arnold AA, Roy R. Synthesis and solvodynamic diameter measurements of closely related mannodendrimers for the study of multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:1524-35. [PMID: 25165490 PMCID: PMC4144466 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of three closely related families of mannopyranoside-containing dendrimers for the purpose of studying subtle structural parameters involved in the measurements of multivalent carbohydrate-protein binding interactions. Toward this goal, two trimers 5 and 9, three 9-mers 12, 17, 21, and one 27-mer 23, varying by the number of atoms separating the anomeric and the core carbons, were synthesized using azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc). Compound 23 was prepared by an efficient convergent strategy. The sugar precursors consisted of either a 2-azidoethyl (3) or a prop-2-ynyl α-D-mannopyranoside (7) derivative. The solvodynamic diameters of 9-mer 12, 17, and 21 were determined by pulsed-field-gradient-stimulated echo (PFG-STE) NMR experiments and were found to be 3.0, 2.5, and 3.4 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoann M Chabre
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
| | - Alex Papadopoulos
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
| | - Alexandre A Arnold
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
| | - René Roy
- Pharmaqam, Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P. O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3P8
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50
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Yao W, Xia MJ, Meng XB, Li Q, Li ZJ. Adaptable synthesis of C-lactosyl glycoclusters and their binding properties with galectin-3. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:8180-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01374c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of mono- to tetravalent C-β-lactosyl glycoclusters has been achieved in good yield. The KD values of glycoclusters against galectin-3 were tested by SPR assay, and the structure–activity relationship has been summarized in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191, P R China
| | - Meng-jie Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191, P R China
| | - Xiang-bao Meng
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191, P R China
| | - Qing Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191, P R China
| | - Zhong-jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191, P R China
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