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Ye J, Wang L, Deuther-Conrad W, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Huang Y, Brust P, Jia H. 18 F-Labeled benzylpiperazine derivatives as highly selective ligands for imaging σ 1 receptor with positron emission tomography. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:425-437. [PMID: 30991462 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new series of benzylpiperazine derivatives as selective σ1 receptor ligands. All seven ligands possessed low nanomolar affinity for σ1 receptors (Ki (σ1 ) = 0.31-4.19 nM) and high subtype selectivity (Ki (σ2 )/Ki (σ1 ) = 50-2448). The fluoroethoxy analogues also exhibited high selectivity toward the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (Ki (VAChT)/Ki (σ1 ) = 99-18252). The corresponding radiotracers [18 F]13, [18 F]14, and [18 F]16 with high selectivity (Ki (σ2 )/Ki (σ1 ) > 100, Ki (VAChT)/Ki (σ1 ) > 1000) were prepared in 42% to 55% radiochemical yields (corrected for decay), greater than 99% radiochemical purity (RCP), and molar activity of about 120 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). All three radiotracers showed high initial brain uptake in mouse (8.37-11.48% ID/g at 2 min), which was not affected by pretreatment with cyclosporine A, suggesting that they are not substrates for permeability-glycoprotein (P-gp). Pretreatment with SA4503 or haloperidol resulted in significantly reduced brain uptake (35%-62% decrease at 30 min). In particular, [18 F]16 displayed high brain-to-blood ratios and high in vivo metabolic stability. Although it may not be an optimal neuroimaging agent because of its slow kinetics in the mouse brain, [18 F]16 can serve as a lead compound for further structural modifications to explore new potential radiotracers for σ1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Peter Brust
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hongmei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Turnaturi R, Montenegro L, Marrazzo A, Parenti R, Pasquinucci L, Parenti C. Benzomorphan skeleton, a versatile scaffold for different targets: A comprehensive review. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:492-502. [PMID: 29908442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that the benzomorphan skeleton has mainly been employed in medicinal chemistry for the development of opioid analgesics, it is a versatile structure. Its stereochemistry, as well as opportune modifications at the phenolic hydroxyl group and at the basic nitrogen, play a pivotal role addressing the benzomorphan-based compounds to a specific target. In this review, we describe the structure activity-relationships (SARs) of benzomorphan-based compounds acting at sigma 1 receptor (σ1R), sigma 2 receptor (σ2R), voltage-dependent sodium channel, N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor-channel complex and other targets. Collectively, the SARs data have highlighted that the benzomorphan nucleus could be regarded as a useful template for the synthesis of drug candidates for different targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
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Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of (-)- cis- N-Normetazocine-Based LP1 Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11020040. [PMID: 29734749 PMCID: PMC6027146 DOI: 10.3390/ph11020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(−)-cis-N-Normetazocine represents a rigid scaffold able to mimic the tyramine moiety of endogenous opioid peptides, and the introduction of different N-substituents influences affinity and efficacy of respective ligands at MOR (mu opioid receptor), DOR (delta opioid receptor), and KOR (kappa opioid receptor). We have previously identified LP1, a MOR/DOR multitarget opioid ligand, with an N-phenylpropanamido substituent linked to (−)-cis-N-Normetazocine scaffold. Herein, we report the synthesis, competition binding and calcium mobilization assays of new compounds 10⁻16 that differ from LP1 by the nature of the N-substituent. In radioligand binding experiments, the compounds 10⁻13, featured by an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating group in the para position of phenyl ring, displayed improved affinity for KOR (Ki = 0.85⁻4.80 μM) in comparison to LP1 (7.5 μM). On the contrary, their MOR and DOR affinities were worse (Ki = 0.18⁻0.28 μM and Ki = 0.38⁻1.10 μM, respectively) with respect to LP1 values (Ki = 0.049 and 0.033 μM). Analogous trends was recorded for the compounds 14⁻16, featured by indoline, tetrahydroquinoline, and diphenylamine functionalities in the N-substituent. In calcium mobilization assays, the compound 10 with a p-fluorophenyl in the N-substituent shared the functional profile of LP1 (pEC50MOR = 7.01), although it was less active. Moreover, the p-methyl- (11) and p-cyano- (12) substituted compounds resulted in MOR partial agonists and DOR/KOR antagonists. By contrast, the derivatives 13⁻15 resulted as MOR antagonists, and the derivative 16 as a MOR/KOR antagonist (pKBMOR = 6.12 and pKBKOR = 6.11). Collectively, these data corroborated the critical role of the N-substituent in (−)-cis-N-Normetazocine scaffold. Thus, the new synthesized compounds could represent a template to achieve a specific agonist, antagonist, or mixed agonist/antagonist functional profile.
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Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of LP1 Derivatives: N-Methyl-N-phenylethylamino Analogues as Novel MOR Agonists. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23030677. [PMID: 29547588 PMCID: PMC6017588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid pharmacological profile of cis-(−)-N-normetazocine derivatives is deeply affected by the nature of their N-substituents. Here, our efforts were focused on the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel derivatives of the lead LP1, a multitarget opioid analgesic compound featuring an N-phenylpropanamido substituent. LP1 derivatives 5a–d and 6a–d were characterized by flexible groups at the N-substituent that allow them to reposition themselves relative to cis-(−)-N-normetazocine nucleus, thus producing different pharmacological profiles at the mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors (MOR, DOR and KOR) in in vitro and in vivo assays. Among the series, compound 5c, with the best in vitro and in vivo profile, resulted a MOR agonist which displays a KiMOR of 6.1 nM in a competitive binding assay, and an IC50 value of 11.5 nM and an Imax of 72% in measurement of cAMP accumulation in HEK293 cells stably expressing MOR, with a slight lower efficacy than LP1. Moreover, in a mouse model of acute thermal nociception, compound 5c, intraperitoneally administered, exhibits naloxone-reversed antinociceptive properties with an ED50 of 4.33 mg/kg. These results expand our understanding of the importance of N-substituent structural variations in the opioid receptor profile of cis-(−)-N-normetazocine derivatives and identify a new MOR agonist useful for the development of novel opioid analgesics for pain treatment.
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Montenegro L, Turnaturi R, Parenti C, Pasquinucci L. Idebenone: Novel Strategies to Improve Its Systemic and Local Efficacy. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E87. [PMID: 29401722 PMCID: PMC5853719 DOI: 10.3390/nano8020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The key role of antioxidants in treating and preventing many systemic and topical diseases is well recognized. One of the most potent antioxidants available for pharmaceutical and cosmetic use is Idebenone (IDE), a synthetic analogue of Coenzyme Q10. Unfortunately, IDE's unfavorable physicochemical properties such as poor water solubility and high lipophilicity impair its bioavailability after oral and topical administration and prevent its parenteral use. In recent decades, many strategies have been proposed to improve IDE effectiveness in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and skin disorders. After a brief description of IDE potential therapeutic applications and its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, this review will focus on the different approaches investigated to overcome IDE drawbacks, such as IDE incorporation into different types of delivery systems (liposomes, cyclodextrins, microemulsions, self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery systems, lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles) and IDE chemical modification. The results of these studies will be illustrated with emphasis on the most innovative strategies and their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Arena E, Dichiara M, Floresta G, Parenti C, Marrazzo A, Pittalà V, Amata E, Prezzavento O. Novel Sigma-1 receptor antagonists: from opioids to small molecules: what is new? Future Med Chem 2018; 10:231-256. [PMID: 29185346 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 (σ1) receptor has been identified as a chaperone protein that interacts with other proteins, such as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and opioid receptors, modulating their activity. σ1 receptor antagonists have been developed to obtain useful compounds for the treatment of psychoses, pain, drug abuse and cancer. Some interesting compounds such as E-5842 (5) and MS-377 (24), haloperidol and piperazine derivatives, respectively, were endowed with high affinity for σ1 receptors (Ki σ1 = 4 and 73 nM; Ki σ2 = 220 and 6900, respectively). They were developed for the treatment of psychotic disorders and 5 also underwent Phase II clinical trials suggesting interesting potential therapeutic applications. Here, σ1 receptor antagonists have been grouped based on chemical structure and reviewed according to structure-activity relationship and potential therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Floresta
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Amata E, Rescifina A, Prezzavento O, Arena E, Dichiara M, Pittalà V, Montilla-García Á, Punzo F, Merino P, Cobos EJ, Marrazzo A. (+)-Methyl (1R,2S)-2-{[4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]methyl}-1-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylate [(+)-MR200] Derivatives as Potent and Selective Sigma Receptor Ligands: Stereochemistry and Pharmacological Properties. J Med Chem 2017; 61:372-384. [PMID: 29220177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Methoxycarbonyl-1-phenyl-2-cyclopropylmethyl based derivatives cis-(+)-1a [cis-(+)-MR200], cis-(-)-1a [cis-(-)-MR201], and trans-(±)-1a [trans-(±)-MR204], have been identified as new potent sigma (σ) receptor ligands. In the present paper, novel enantiomerically pure analogues were synthesized and optimized for their σ receptor affinity and selectivity. Docking studies rationalized the results obtained in the radioligand binding assay. Absolute stereochemistry was unequivocally established by X-ray analysis of precursor trans-(+)-5a as camphorsulfonyl derivative 9. The most promising compound, trans-(+)-1d, showed remarkable selectivity over a panel of more than 15 receptors as well as good chemical and enzymatic stability in human plasma. An in vivo evaluation evidenced that trans-(+)-1d, in contrast to trans-(-)-1d, cis-(+)-1d, or cis-(-)-1d, which behave as σ1 antagonists, exhibited a σ1 agonist profile. These data clearly demonstrated that compound trans-(+)-1d, due to its σ1 agonist activity and favorable receptor selectivity and stability, provided an useful tool for the study of σ1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Amata
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ángeles Montilla-García
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada , Avenida de Madrid 11, E-18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Francesco Punzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Pedro Merino
- Laboratorio de Síntesis Asimétrica, Departamento de Síntesis y Estructura de Biomoléculas, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC , Campus San Francisco, E-50009 Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Enrique J Cobos
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada , Avenida de Madrid 11, E-18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Amata E, Dichiara M, Arena E, Pittalà V, Pistarà V, Cardile V, Graziano ACE, Fraix A, Marrazzo A, Sortino S, Prezzavento O. Novel Sigma Receptor Ligand-Nitric Oxide Photodonors: Molecular Hybrids for Double-Targeted Antiproliferative Effect. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9531-9544. [PMID: 29172528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This contribution reports the synthesis and evaluation of novel hybrid compounds that conjugate a sigma (σ) receptor pharmacophore and a nitric oxide (NO) photodonor. All compounds preserve their capability to generate NO under visible light and possess overall σ receptor nanomolar affinity, with one of them (8b) exhibiting remarkable σ2 receptor selectivity. Compounds 8b, 11a, and 11b were tested on tumorigenic MCF-7 and A2058 cells expressing high levels of σ2 and σ1 receptor, respectively. Considerable loss of cell viability was detected under light excitation, while negligible effects in the dark were detected. Moreover, they did not show any significant cytotoxicity in the dark or under irradiation on nontumorigenic NCTC-2544 keratinocytes. NO-induced reduction of cellular viability was demonstrated by in-cell NO detection and total nitrite estimation. For the first time, a combination of σ receptor moieties and a NO photodonor is reported, providing distinctive ligands potentially useful for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Dichiara
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Pistarà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physiology Section, University of Catania , Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aurore Fraix
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Photochemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sortino
- Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Photochemistry, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania , Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Carbone C, Arena E, Pepe V, Prezzavento O, Cacciatore I, Turkez H, Marrazzo A, Di Stefano A, Puglisi G. Nanoencapsulation strategies for the delivery of novel bifunctional antioxidant/σ1 selective ligands. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:238-247. [PMID: 28432957 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays sigma-1 receptors are considered as new therapeutic objectives for central nervous system neurodegenerative diseases. Among different molecules, alpha lipoic acid has been identified as a natural potent antioxidant drug, whose therapeutic efficacy is limited by its many drawbacks, such as fast metabolism, poor bioavailability and high physico-chemical instability. Alfa-lipoic acid derivatives have been recently developed demonstrating their neuroprotective activity and effectiveness in different types of oxidative stress. In this work, two derivatives containing an amide or an ester functional group with different lipophilicity, were selected for their important affinity for sigma-1 receptors. Herein, in order to improve the in vitro stability and antioxidant effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid derivatives, we focused our efforts in the nanoencapsulation strategies. Aqueous-core nanocapsules for the delivery of the hydrophilic compound and nanostructured lipid carrier for the lipophilic derivative, were properly designed and prepared using a direct or inverse eco-friendly organic solvent-free procedure. All nanosystems were characterized in terms of mean size, polydispersity, stability, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release profiles. In order to evaluate the nanocarriers biocompatibility and antioxidant effectiveness, in vitro biological studies (cell viability, total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative status) were developed on primary human whole blood cell cultures, on both unloaded and derivatives-loaded nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carbone
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Veronica Pepe
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Puglisi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, v.le A. Doria 6, 95100, Catania, Italy
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Ismaili L, Refouvelet B, Benchekroun M, Brogi S, Brindisi M, Gemma S, Campiani G, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Esteban G, Unzeta M, Nikolic K, Butini S, Marco-Contelles J. Multitarget compounds bearing tacrine- and donepezil-like structural and functional motifs for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 151:4-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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11
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Nastasi G, Miceli C, Pittalà V, Modica MN, Prezzavento O, Romeo G, Rescifina A, Marrazzo A, Amata E. S2RSLDB: a comprehensive manually curated, internet-accessible database of the sigma-2 receptor selective ligands. J Cheminform 2017; 9:3. [PMID: 28123452 PMCID: PMC5250622 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-017-0191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Sigma (σ) receptors are accepted as a particular receptor class consisting of two subtypes: sigma-1 (σ1) and sigma-2 (σ2). The two receptor subtypes have specific drug actions, pharmacological profiles and molecular characteristics. The σ2 receptor is overexpressed in several tumor cell lines, and its ligands are currently under investigation for their role in tumor diagnosis and treatment. The σ2 receptor structure has not been disclosed, and researchers rely on σ2 receptor radioligand binding assay to understand the receptor’s pharmacological behavior and design new lead compounds. Description
Here we present the sigma-2 Receptor Selective Ligands Database (S2RSLDB) a manually curated database of the σ2 receptor selective ligands containing more than 650 compounds. The database is built with chemical structure information, radioligand binding affinity data, computed physicochemical properties, and experimental radioligand binding procedures. The S2RSLDB is freely available online without account login and having a powerful search engine the user may build complex queries, sort tabulated results, generate color coded 2D and 3D graphs and download the data for additional screening. Conclusion The collection here reported is extremely useful for the development of new ligands endowed of σ2 receptor affinity, selectivity, and appropriate physicochemical properties. The database will be updated yearly and in the near future, an online submission form will be available to help with keeping the database widely spread in the research community and continually updated. The database is available at http://www.researchdsf.unict.it/S2RSLDB. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Nastasi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Miceli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria N Modica
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescifina
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Prezzavento O, Arena E, Sánchez-Fernández C, Turnaturi R, Parenti C, Marrazzo A, Catalano R, Amata E, Pasquinucci L, Cobos EJ. (+)-and (-)-Phenazocine enantiomers: Evaluation of their dual opioid agonist/σ 1 antagonist properties and antinociceptive effects. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:603-610. [PMID: 27721146 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
cis-N-Substituted N-normetazocine enantiomers possess peculiar pharmacological profiles. Indeed, dextro enantiomers bind with high affinity σ1 receptor while opposite enantiomers bind opioid receptors. In spite of their stereochemistry, cis-N-2-phenylethyl N-normetazocine (phenazocine) enantiomers showed mixed opioid/σ1 receptor profiles and a significant in vivo analgesia. To the best of our knowledge, there is no information available regarding the evaluation of σ1 pharmacological profile in the antinociceptive effects of (+)- and (-)-phenazocine. Therefore, the present study was designed to ascertain this component by in vitro and in vivo studies. In particular, we tested the σ1 affinity of both enantiomers by a predictive binding assay in absence or presence of phenytoin (DPH). Our results showed that DPH (1 mM) did not increase the σ1 receptor affinity of (+)-and (-)-phenazocine (Ki = 3.8 ± 0.4 nM, Ki = 85 ± 2.0 nM, respectively) suggesting a σ1 antagonist profile of both enantiomers. This σ1 antagonistic component of two phenazocine enantiomers was corroborated by in vivo studies in which the selective σ1 receptor agonist PRE-084, was able to unmask their σ1 antagonistic component associated with the opioid activity. The σ1 antagonistic component of (+)- and (-)-phenazocine may justify their analgesic activity and it suggests that they may constitute useful lead compounds to develop new ligands with this dual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - E Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - C Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - R Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - C Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - A Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - R Catalano
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - E Amata
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - L Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - E J Cobos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Institute of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Teófilo Hernando Institute for Drug Discovery, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Arena E, Cacciatore I, Cerasa LS, Turkez H, Pittalà V, Pasquinucci L, Marrazzo A, Parenti C, Di Stefano A, Prezzavento O. New bifunctional antioxidant/σ1 agonist ligands: Preliminary chemico-physical and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3149-56. [PMID: 27262426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported bifunctional sigma-1 (σ1) ligands endowed with antioxidant activity (1 and 2). In the present paper, pure enantiomers (R)-1 and (R)-2 along with the corresponding p-methoxy (6, 11), p-fluoro derivatives (7, 12) were synthesized. σ1 and σ2 affinities, antioxidant properties, and chemico-physical profiles were evaluated. Para derivatives, while maintaining strong σ1 affinity, displayed improved σ1 selectivity compared to the parent compounds 1 and 2. In vivo evaluation of compounds 1, 2, (R)-1, 7, and 12 showed σ1 agonist pharmacological profile. Chemico-physical studies revealed that amides 2, 11 and 12 were more stable than corresponding esters 1, 6 and 7 under our experimental conditions. Antioxidant properties were exhibited by fluoro derivatives 7 and 12 being able to increase total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Our results underline that p-substituents have an important role on σ1 selectivity, TAC, chemical and enzymatic stabilities. In particular, our data suggest that new very selective compounds 7 and 12 could be promising tools to investigate the disorders in which σ1 receptor dysfunction and oxidative stress are contemporarily involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Arena
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura S Cerasa
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Agostino Marrazzo
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Orazio Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Estrada M, Pérez C, Soriano E, Laurini E, Romano M, Pricl S, Morales-García JA, Pérez-Castillo A, Rodríguez-Franco MI. New neurogenic lipoic-based hybrids as innovative Alzheimer's drugs with σ-1 agonism and β-secretase inhibition. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:1191-207. [PMID: 27402296 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurogenic agents emerge as innovative drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), whose pathological complexity suggests strengthening research in the multi-target directed ligands strategy. RESULTS By combining the lipoic acid structure with N-benzylpiperidine or N,N-dibenzyl(N-methyl)amine fragments, new multi-target directed ligands were obtained that act at three relevant targets in AD: σ-1 receptor (σ1R), β-secretase-1 (BACE1) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Moreover, they show potent neurogenic properties, good antioxidant capacity and favorable CNS permeability. Molecular modeling studies on AChE, σ1R and BACE1 highlight relevant drug-protein interactions that may contribute to the development of new disease-modifying drugs. CONCLUSION New lipoic-based σ1 agonists endowed with neurogenic, antioxidant, cholinergic and amyloid β-peptide-reducing properties have been discovered for the potential treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Estrada
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Soriano
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006-Madrid, Spain
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, Piazzale Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Romano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via A. Valerio 28, 34127 - Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Simulation Engineering (MOSE) Laboratory, DEA, Piazzale Europa 1, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Material Science & Technology (INSTM), Research Unit MOSE-DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - José A Morales-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIB-CSIC), C/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029-Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), C/Valderrebollo 5, 28031-Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Castillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (IIB-CSIC), C/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029-Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), C/Valderrebollo 5, 28031-Madrid, Spain
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Jiang Y, Liu Z, Holenz J, Yang H. Competitive Intelligence–based Lead Generation and Fast Follower Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527677047.ch08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Tu YL, Chen QH, Wang SN, Uri A, Yang XH, Chu JQ, Chen JK, Luo BL, Chen XH, Wen SJ, Pi RB. Discovery of lipoic acid-4-phenyl-1H-pyrazole hybrids as novel bifunctional ROCK inhibitors with antioxidant activity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12081d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A potently selective ROCK2 inhibitor with antioxidative properties.
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17
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Koufaki M. Therapeutic applications of lipoic acid: a patent review (2011 – 2014). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:993-1005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.937425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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