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Lill A, Schweipert M, Nehls T, Wurster E, Lermyte F, Meyer-Almes FJ, Schmitz K. Design and synthesis of peptides as stabilizers of histone deacetylase 4. J Pept Sci 2024; 30:e3603. [PMID: 38623824 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) contributes to gene repression by complex formation with HDAC3 and the corepressor silencing mediator for retinoid or thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT). We hypothesized that peptides derived from the class IIa specific binding site of SMRT would stabilize a specific conformation of its target protein and modulate its activity. Based on the SMRT-motif 1 (SM1) involved in the interaction of SMRT with HDAC4, we systematically developed cyclic peptides that exhibit Ki values that are 9 to 56 times lower than that of the linear SMRT peptide. The peptide macrocycles stabilize the wildtype of the catalytic domain of HDAC4 (cHDAC4) considerably better than its thermally more stable 'gain-of-function' (GOF) variant, cHDAC4-H976Y. Molecular docking and mutagenesis studies indicated that the cyclic peptides bind in a similar but not identical manner as the linear SMRT peptide to a discontinuous binding site. Ion mobility mass spectrometry showed no major changes in the protein fold upon peptide binding. Consistent with these results, preliminary hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry measurements indicated only minor conformational changes. Taken together, the cyclic SMRT peptides most likely stabilize the apo form of cHDAC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Lill
- Biological Chemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Physical Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Nehls
- Conformation-Sensitive Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Eva Wurster
- Physical Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Conformation-Sensitive Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Physical Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Katja Schmitz
- Biological Chemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Khatun S, Bhagat RP, Amin SA, Jha T, Gayen S. Density functional theory (DFT) studies in HDAC-based chemotherapeutics: Current findings, case studies and future perspectives. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108468. [PMID: 38657469 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a quantum chemical computational method used to predict and analyze the electronic properties of atoms, molecules, and solids based on the density of electrons rather than wavefunctions. It provides insights into the structure, bonding, and behavior of different molecules, including those involved in the development of chemotherapeutic agents, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). HDACs are a wide group of metalloenzymes that facilitate the removal of acetyl groups from acetyl-lysine residues situated in the N-terminal tail of histones. Abnormal HDAC recruitment has been linked to several human diseases, especially cancer. Therefore, it has been recognized as a prospective target for accelerating the development of anticancer therapies. Researchers have studied HDACs and its inhibitors extensively using a combination of experimental methods and diverse in-silico approaches such as machine learning and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methods, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, pharmacophore mapping, and more. In this context, DFT studies can make significant contribution by shedding light on the molecular properties, interactions, reaction pathways, transition states, reactivity and mechanisms involved in the development of HDACis. This review attempted to elucidate the scope in which DFT methodologies may be used to enhance our comprehension of the molecular aspects of HDAC inhibitors, aiding in the rational design and optimization of these compounds for therapeutic applications in cancer and other ailments. The insights gained can guide experimental efforts toward developing more potent and selective HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samima Khatun
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Rinki Prasad Bhagat
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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3
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Hansen T, Danková D, Bæk M, Grlaš L, Olsen CA. Sulfur(VI) Fluoride Exchange Chemistry in Solid-Phase Synthesis of Compound Arrays: Discovery of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. JACS AU 2024; 4:1854-1862. [PMID: 38818074 PMCID: PMC11134391 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Multistep synthesis performed on solid support is a powerful means to generate small-molecule libraries for the discovery of chemical probes to dissect biological mechanisms as well as for drug discovery. Therefore, expansion of the collection of robust chemical transformations amenable to solid-phase synthesis is desirable for achieving chemically diverse libraries for biological testing. Here, we show that sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) chemistry, exemplified by pairing phenols with aryl fluorosulfates, can be used for the solid-phase synthesis of biologically active compounds. As a case study, we designed and synthesized a library of 84 hydroxamic acid-containing small molecules, providing a rich source of inhibitors with diverse selectivity profiles across the human histone deacetylase enzyme family. Among other discoveries, we identified a scaffold that furnished inhibitors of HDAC11 with exquisite selectivity in vitro and a selective inhibitor of HDAC6 that was shown to affect the acetylation of α-tubulin over histone sites H3K18, H3K27, as well as SMC3 in cultured cells. Our results encourage the further use of SuFEx chemistry for the synthesis of diverse small-molecule libraries and provide insight for future design of selective HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linda Grlaš
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals
and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health
and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian A. Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals
and Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health
and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Kopranovic A, Meyer-Almes FJ. Rapid Determination of Kinetic Constants for Slow-Binding Inhibitors and Inactivators of Human Histone Deacetylase 8. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5593. [PMID: 38891780 PMCID: PMC11171933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The kinetics and mechanism of drug binding to its target are critical to pharmacological efficacy. A high throughput (HTS) screen often results in hundreds of hits, of which usually only simple IC50 values are determined during reconfirmation. However, kinetic parameters such as residence time for reversible inhibitors and the kinact/KI ratio, which is the critical measure for evaluating covalent inactivators, are early predictive measures to assess the chances of success of the hits in the clinic. Using the promising cancer target human histone deacetylase 8 as an example, we present a robust method that calculates concentration-dependent apparent rate constants for the inhibition or inactivation of HDAC8 from dose-response curves recorded after different pre-incubation times. With these data, hit compounds can be classified according to their mechanism of action, and the relevant kinetic parameters can be calculated in a highly parallel fashion. HDAC8 inhibitors with known modes of action were correctly assigned to their mechanism, and the binding mechanisms of some hits from an internal HDAC8 screening campaign were newly determined. The oxonitriles SVE04 and SVE27 were classified as fast reversible HDAC8 inhibitors with moderate time-constant IC50 values of 4.2 and 2.6 µM, respectively. The hit compound TJ-19-24 and SAH03 behave like slow two-step inactivators or reversible inhibitors, with a very low reverse isomerization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Schweipert M, Nehls T, Frühauf A, Debarnot C, Kumar A, Knapp S, Lermyte F, Meyer‐Almes F. The catalytic domain of free or ligand bound histone deacetylase 4 occurs in solution predominantly in closed conformation. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e4917. [PMID: 38358265 PMCID: PMC10868454 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Human histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is a key epigenetic regulator involved in a number of important cellular processes. This makes HDAC4 a promising target for the treatment of several cancers and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Huntington's disease. HDAC4 is highly regulated by phosphorylation and oxidation, which determine its nuclear or cytosolic localization, and exerts its function through multiple interactions with other proteins, forming multiprotein complexes of varying composition. The catalytic domain of HDAC4 is known to interact with the SMRT/NCOR corepressor complex when the structural zinc-binding domain (sZBD) is intact and forms a closed conformation. Crystal structures of the HDAC4 catalytic domain have been reported showing an open conformation of HDAC4 when bound to certain ligands. Here, we investigated the relevance of this HDAC4 conformation under physiological conditions in solution. We show that proper zinc chelation in the sZBD is essential for enzyme function. Loss of the structural zinc ion not only leads to a massive decrease in enzyme activity, but it also has serious consequences for the overall structural integrity and stability of the protein. However, the Zn2+ free HDAC4 structure in solution is incompatible with the open conformation. In solution, the open conformation of HDAC4 was also not observed in the presence of a variety of structurally divergent ligands. This suggests that the open conformation of HDAC4 cannot be induced in solution, and therefore cannot be exploited for the development of HDAC4-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Applied SciencesDarmstadtGermany
| | - Thomas Nehls
- Department of ChemistryClemens‐Schöpf‐Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Anton Frühauf
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Applied SciencesDarmstadtGermany
| | - Cecilé Debarnot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Applied SciencesDarmstadtGermany
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Fachbereich Biochemie, Chemie und PharmazieInstitut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe‐University FrankfurtFrankfurt Am MainGermany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Fachbereich Biochemie, Chemie und PharmazieInstitut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe‐University FrankfurtFrankfurt Am MainGermany
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Department of ChemistryClemens‐Schöpf‐Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany
| | - Franz‐Josef Meyer‐Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of Applied SciencesDarmstadtGermany
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6
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Ahamad S, Bano N, Khan S, Hussain MK, Bhat SA. Unraveling the Puzzle of Therapeutic Peptides: A Promising Frontier in Huntington's Disease Treatment. J Med Chem 2024; 67:783-815. [PMID: 38207096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative genetic disorder characterized by a mutation in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, resulting in the production of a mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT). The accumulation of mHTT leads to the development of toxic aggregates in neurons, causing cell dysfunction and, eventually, cell death. Peptide therapeutics target various aspects of HD pathology, including mHTT reduction and aggregation inhibition, extended CAG mRNA degradation, and modulation of dysregulated signaling pathways, such as BDNF/TrkB signaling. In addition, these peptide therapeutics also target the detrimental interactions of mHTT with InsP3R1, CaM, or Caspase-6 proteins to mitigate HD. This Perspective provides a detailed perspective on anti-HD therapeutic peptides, highlighting their design, structural characteristics, neuroprotective effects, and specific mechanisms of action. Peptide therapeutics for HD exhibit promise in preclinical models, but further investigation is required to confirm their effectiveness as viable therapeutic strategies, recognizing that no approved peptide therapy for HD currently exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Nargis Bano
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sameera Khan
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | | | - Shahnawaz A Bhat
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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7
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Asfaha Y, Bollmann LM, Skerhut AJ, Fischer F, Horstick N, Roth D, Wecker M, Mammen C, Smits SHJ, Fluegen G, Kassack MU, Kurz T. 5-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (TFMO)-based highly selective class IIa HDAC inhibitors exhibit synergistic anticancer activity in combination with bortezomib. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115907. [PMID: 37979441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Clinically used pan and class I HDACi cause severe side effects, whereas class IIa HDACi are less cytotoxic. Here, we present the synthesis and anticancer effects of a series of 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (TFMO)-based amides and alkoxyamides derived from the previously reported class IIa HDACi YAK540. The most active class IIa inhibitor 1a showed nanomolar inhibition of the class IIa enzymes 4, 5, 7 (IC50 HDAC4: 12 nM) and high selectivity (selectivity index >318 for HDAC4) over non-class IIa HDACs. Instead of a hydroxamic acid group, 1a has a trifluoromethyloxadiazolyl (TFMO) moiety as a non-chelating Zinc-binding group (ZBG). Applying the Chou-Talalay-method we found an increased synergistic cytotoxic effect of 1a in combination with bortezomib in THP1 cells. 1a in combination with bortezomib enhanced expression of p21 leading to increased caspase-induced apoptosis. Eventually, growth inhibition by 1a of the head-neck cancer cell line Cal27 was increased upon HDAC4 overexpression in Cal27 in cell culture and using the in vivo chorioallantoic membrane model. The class IIa HDACi 1a outperforms previously described HDAC class IIa inhibitor YAK540 regarding anticancer effects and may constitute a novel option compared to pan and class I HDACi in anticancer combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yodita Asfaha
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas M Bollmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander J Skerhut
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fabian Fischer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nadine Horstick
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dennis Roth
- Department of Surgery (A), Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria Wecker
- Department of Surgery (A), Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Mammen
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany; Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Fluegen
- Department of Surgery (A), Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matthias U Kassack
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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8
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Paneth A, Kaproń B, Plech T, Paduch R, Trotsko N, Paneth P. Combined In Silico and In Vitro Analyses to Assess the Anticancer Potential of Thiazolidinedione-Thiosemicarbazone Hybrid Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17521. [PMID: 38139350 PMCID: PMC10743653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people affected by cancer and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections has increased, such that both diseases are already seen as current and future leading causes of death globally. To address this issue, based on a combined in silico and in vitro approach, we explored the anticancer potential of known antibacterials with a thiazolidinedione-thiosemicarbazone (TZD-TSC) core structure. A cytotoxicity assessment showed encouraging results for compounds 2-4, with IC50 values against T98G and HepG2 cells in the low micromolar range. TZD-TSC 3 proved to be most toxic to cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 2.97 ± 0.39 µM against human hepatoma HepG2 cells and IC50 values of 28.34 ± 2.21 µM against human glioblastoma T98G cells. Additionally, compound 3 induced apoptosis and showed no specific hemolytic activity. Furthermore, treatment using 3 on cancer cell lines alters these cells' morphology and further suppresses migratory activity. Molecular docking, in turn, suggests that 3 would have the capacity to simultaneously target HDACs and PPARγ, by the activation of PPARγ and the inhibition of both HDAC4 and HDAC8. Thus, the promising preliminary results obtained with TZD-TSC 3 represent an encouraging starting point for the rational design of novel chemotherapeutics with dual antibacterial and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Paneth
- Chair and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Kaproń
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Nazar Trotsko
- Chair and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Paneth
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
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9
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Drakontaeidi A, Pontiki E. A Review on Molecular Docking on HDAC Isoforms: Novel Tool for Designing Selective Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1639. [PMID: 38139766 PMCID: PMC10746130 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into histone deacetylases (HDACs) has experienced a remarkable surge in recent years. These enzymes are key regulators of several fundamental biological processes, often associated with severe and potentially fatal diseases. Inhibition of their activity represents a promising therapeutic approach and a prospective strategy for the development of new therapeutic agents. A critical aspect of their inhibition is to achieve selectivity in terms of enzyme isoforms, which is essential to improve treatment efficacy while reducing undesirable pleiotropic effects. The development of computational chemistry tools, particularly molecular docking, is greatly enhancing the precision of designing molecules with inherent potential for specific activity. Therefore, it was considered necessary to review the molecular docking studies conducted on the major isozymes of the enzyme in order to identify the specific interactions associated with each selective HDAC inhibitor. In particular, the most critical isozymes of HDAC (1, 2, 3, 6, and 8) have been thoroughly investigated within the scope of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleni Pontiki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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10
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Miceli C, Leri M, Stefani M, Bucciantini M. Autophagy-related proteins: Potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of aging-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101967. [PMID: 37270146 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a key role in cellular, tissue and organismal homeostasis and in the production of the energy load needed at critical times during development and in response to nutrient shortage. Autophagy is generally considered as a pro-survival mechanism, although its deregulation has been linked to non-apoptotic cell death. Autophagy efficiency declines with age, thus contributing to many different pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, liver disease, autoimmune diseases, infections, and neurodegeneration. Accordingly, it has been proposed that the maintenance of a proper autophagic activity contributes to the extension of the lifespan in different organisms. A better understanding of the interplay between autophagy and risk of age-related pathologies is important to propose nutritional and life-style habits favouring disease prevention as well as possible clinical applications aimed at promoting long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miceli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Leri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Bucciantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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11
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Frühauf A, Behringer M, Meyer-Almes FJ. Significance of Five-Membered Heterocycles in Human Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5686. [PMID: 37570656 PMCID: PMC10419652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Five-membered heteroaromatic rings, in particular, have gained prominence in medicinal chemistry as they offer enhanced metabolic stability, solubility and bioavailability, crucial factors in developing effective drugs. The unique physicochemical properties and biological effects of five-membered heterocycles have positioned them as key structural motifs in numerous clinically effective drugs. Hence, the exploration of five-ring heterocycles remains an important research area in medicinal chemistry, with the aim of discovering new therapeutic agents for various diseases. This review addresses the incorporation of heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur into the aromatic ring of these heterocyclic compounds, enhancing their polarity and facilitating both aromatic stacking interactions and the formation of hydrogen bonds. Histone deacetylases are present in numerous multiprotein complexes within the epigenetic machinery and play a central role in various cellular processes. They have emerged as important targets for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and other therapeutic indications. In histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi's), five-ring heterocycles perform various functions as a zinc-binding group, a linker or head group, contributing to binding activity and selective recognition. This review focuses on providing an up-to-date overview of the different five-membered heterocycles utilized in HDACi motifs, highlighting their biological properties. It summarizes relevant publications from the past decade, offering insights into the recent advancements in this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Frühauf
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Behringer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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12
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Bülbül EF, Robaa D, Sun P, Mahmoudi F, Melesina J, Zessin M, Schutkowski M, Sippl W. Application of Ligand- and Structure-Based Prediction Models for the Design of Alkylhydrazide-Based HDAC3 Inhibitors as Novel Anti-Cancer Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:968. [PMID: 37513880 PMCID: PMC10386743 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) represent promising epigenetic targets for several diseases including different cancer types. The HDAC inhibitors approved to date are pan-HDAC inhibitors and most show a poor selectivity profile, side effects, and in particular hydroxamic-acid-based inhibitors lack good pharmacokinetic profiles. Therefore, the development of isoform-selective non-hydroxamic acid HDAC inhibitors is a highly regarded field in medicinal chemistry. In this study, we analyzed different ligand-based and structure-based drug design techniques to predict the binding mode and inhibitory activity of recently developed alkylhydrazide HDAC inhibitors. Alkylhydrazides have recently attracted more attention as they have shown promising effects in various cancer cell lines. In this work, pharmacophore models and atom-based quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were generated and evaluated. The binding mode of the studied compounds was determined using molecular docking as well as molecular dynamics simulations and compared with known crystal structures. Calculated free energies of binding were also considered to generate QSAR models. The created models show a good explanation of in vitro data and were used to develop novel HDAC3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre F Bülbül
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Fereshteh Mahmoudi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jelena Melesina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Matthes Zessin
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biotechnology, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biotechnology, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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13
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Khetmalis YM, Fathima A, Schweipert M, Debarnot C, Bandaru NVMR, Murugesan S, Jamma T, Meyer-Almes FJ, Sekhar KVGC. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Quinazolin-4(3H)-One-Based Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) Inhibitors for Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11044. [PMID: 37446224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one derivatives were designed and synthesized as histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors based on novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one as the cap group and benzhydroxamic acid as the linker and metal-binding group. A total of 19 novel quinazoline-4-(3H)-one analogues (5a-5s) were obtained. The structures of the target compounds were characterized using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS, and elemental analyses. Characterized compounds were screened for inhibition against HDAC8 class I, HDAC4 class IIa, and HDAC6 class IIb. Among the compounds tested, 5b proved to be the most potent and selective inhibitor of HDAC6 with an IC50 value 150 nM. Some of these compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity in several tumor cell lines (HCT116, MCF7, and B16). Amongst all the compounds tested for their anticancer effect against cancer cell lines, 5c emerged to be most active against the MCF-7 line with an IC50 of 13.7 μM; it exhibited cell-cycle arrest in the G2 phase, as well as promoted apoptosis. Additionally, we noted a significant reduction in the colony-forming capability of cancer cells in the presence of 5c. At the intracellular level, selective inhibition of HDAC6 was enumerated by monitoring the acetylation of α-tubulin with a limited effect on acetyl-H3. Importantly, the obtained results suggested a potent effect of 5c at sub-micromolar concentrations as compared to the other molecules as HDAC6 inhibitors in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Mahadu Khetmalis
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Ashna Fathima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Cécile Debarnot
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Sankaranarayanan Murugesan
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Trinath Jamma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
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14
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Ghosh P, Saadat A. Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review. Neurologia 2023; 38:e62-e68. [PMID: 37344098 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal function and differentiation are tightly regulated by both genome and epigenome. Based on the environmental information the epigenetic changes occur. Neurodegeneration is the consequence of dysregulation of both the genome and epigenome. In this study, we saw different types of alterations of epigenome present in neuronal cells of different model organisms for neurodegenerative disorders. The epigenetic modifications including chromatin modification, DNA methylation, and changes in regulatory RNAs (miRNA) are having a great impact on neurodegenerative disorders as well as memory. The effects of these re-editing in the neuronal cells cause Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease but an unusual form of neuroepigenetics has been seen in Prion Disease. Subsequently, for the development of treatment of these diseases, epigenetic modifications should be kept in mind. Although until now many reports came on drug discovery inhibiting histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases to reverse the epigenetic change but they lack targeted delivery and sometimes cause a cytotoxic effect on neuronal cells. In future, advancement in targeted and non-cytotoxic drugs should be the main focus for therapeutic treatment of the neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - A Saadat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
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15
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Han B, Wang M, Li J, Chen Q, Sun N, Yang X, Zhang Q. Perspectives and new aspects of histone deacetylase inhibitors in the therapy of CNS diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115613. [PMID: 37399711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Many populations worldwide are suffering from central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease) and stroke. There is a shortage of effective drugs for most CNS diseases. As one of the regulatory mechanisms of epigenetics, the particular role and therapeutic benefits of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the CNS have been extensively studied. In recent years, HDACs have attracted increasing attention as potential drug targets for CNS diseases. In this review, we summarize the recent applications of representative histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACis) in CNS diseases and discuss the challenges in developing HDACis with different structures and better blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, hoping to promote the development of more effective bioactive HDACis for the treatment of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengfei Wang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Niubing Sun
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xuezhi Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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16
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Lechner S, Steimbach RR, Wang L, Deline ML, Chang YC, Fromme T, Klingenspor M, Matthias P, Miller AK, Médard G, Kuster B. Chemoproteomic target deconvolution reveals Histone Deacetylases as targets of (R)-lipoic acid. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3548. [PMID: 37322067 PMCID: PMC10272112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipoic acid is an essential enzyme cofactor in central metabolic pathways. Due to its claimed antioxidant properties, racemic (R/S)-lipoic acid is used as a food supplement but is also investigated as a pharmaceutical in over 180 clinical trials covering a broad range of diseases. Moreover, (R/S)-lipoic acid is an approved drug for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. However, its mechanism of action remains elusive. Here, we performed chemoproteomics-aided target deconvolution of lipoic acid and its active close analog lipoamide. We find that histone deacetylases HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC8, and HDAC10 are molecular targets of the reduced form of lipoic acid and lipoamide. Importantly, only the naturally occurring (R)-enantiomer inhibits HDACs at physiologically relevant concentrations and leads to hyperacetylation of HDAC substrates. The inhibition of HDACs by (R)-lipoic acid and lipoamide explain why both compounds prevent stress granule formation in cells and may also provide a molecular rationale for many other phenotypic effects elicited by lipoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Lechner
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Raphael R Steimbach
- Cancer Drug Development, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Biosciences Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Longlong Wang
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marshall L Deline
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yun-Chien Chang
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Tobias Fromme
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- EKFZ - Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Matthias
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aubry K Miller
- Cancer Drug Development, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
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17
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Wang Y, Abrol R, Mak JYW, Das Gupta K, Ramnath D, Karunakaran D, Fairlie DP, Sweet MJ. Histone deacetylase 7: a signalling hub controlling development, inflammation, metabolism and disease. FEBS J 2023; 290:2805-2832. [PMID: 35303381 PMCID: PMC10952174 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyse removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on both histone and non-histone proteins to control numerous cellular processes. Of the 11 zinc-dependent classical HDACs, HDAC4, 5, 7 and 9 are class IIa HDAC enzymes that regulate cellular and developmental processes through both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Over the last two decades, HDAC7 has been associated with key roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Molecular, cellular, in vivo and disease association studies have revealed that HDAC7 acts through multiple mechanisms to control biological processes in immune cells, osteoclasts, muscle, the endothelium and epithelium. This HDAC protein regulates gene expression, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell survival and consequently controls development, angiogenesis, immune functions, inflammation and metabolism. This review focuses on the cell biology of HDAC7, including the regulation of its cellular localisation and molecular mechanisms of action, as well as its associative and causal links with cancer and inflammatory, metabolic and fibrotic diseases. We also review the development status of small molecule inhibitors targeting HDAC7 and their potential for intervention in different disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo Wang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Rishika Abrol
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Jeffrey Y. W. Mak
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Kaustav Das Gupta
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Divya Ramnath
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Denuja Karunakaran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research CentreThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
| | - Matthew J. Sweet
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB)The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease ResearchThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research CentreThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaAustralia
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18
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Turkman N, Xu S, Huang CH, Eyermann C, Salino J, Khan P. High-Contrast PET Imaging with [ 18F]NT160, a Class-IIa Histone Deacetylase Probe for In Vivo Imaging of Epigenetic Machinery in the Central Nervous System. J Med Chem 2023; 66:5611-5621. [PMID: 37068265 PMCID: PMC10150721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
We utilized positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in vivo to map the spatiotemporal biodistribution/expression of class-IIa histone deacetylases (class-IIa HDACs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Herein we report an improved radiosynthesis of [18F]NT160 using 4-hydroxy-TEMPO which led to a significant improvement in radiochemical yield and molar activity. PET imaging with [18F]NT160, a highly potent class-IIa HDAC inhibitor, led to high-quality and high-contrast images of the brain. [18F]NT160 displayed excellent pharmacokinetic and imaging characteristics: brain uptake is high in gray matter regions, tissue kinetics are appropriate for a 18F-tracer, and specific binding for class-IIa HDACs is demonstrated by self-blockade. Higher uptake with [18F]NT160 was observed in the hippocampus, thalamus, and cortex while the uptake in the cerebellum was relatively low. Overall, our current studies with [18F]NT160 will likely facilitate the development and clinical translation of PET tracers for imaging of class-IIa HDACs biodistribution/expression in cancer and the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaat Turkman
- Stony
Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
| | - Sulan Xu
- Stony
Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
| | - Chun-Han Huang
- Stony
Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
| | - Christopher Eyermann
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stony Brook
University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
| | - Julia Salino
- Stony
Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
| | - Palwasha Khan
- Stony
Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony
Brook University, Long Island, New York 11794, United States
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19
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Targeting histone deacetylases for cancer therapy: Trends and challenges. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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20
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Frühauf A, Wolff B, Schweipert M, Meyer-Almes FJ. Synthesis and Characterization of Reversible Covalent HDAC4 Inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2589:207-221. [PMID: 36255627 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2788-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyanoacrylates define a class of inhibitors which are capable to form a transient covalent bond with a cysteine flanking the binding site, thereby increasing the residence time and prolonging the inhibitory effect on the target protein under nonequilibrium conditions. Herein, we describe the synthetic access to cyanoacrylate-based HDAC4 inhibitors and the procedures for the characterization of the transient nature of the covalent bond between cyanoacrylates and thiols or cysteines in HDAC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Frühauf
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Benjamin Wolff
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany.
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21
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Shen Z, Bei Y, Lin H, Wei T, Dai Y, Hu Y, Zhang C, Dai H. The role of class IIa histone deacetylases in regulating endothelial function. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1091794. [PMID: 36935751 PMCID: PMC10014714 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1091794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are monolayer cells located in the inner layer of the blood vessel. Endothelial function is crucial in maintaining local and systemic homeostasis and is precisely regulated by sophisticated signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation. Endothelial dysfunctions are the main factors for the pathophysiological process of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and stroke. In these pathologic processes, histone deacetylases (HDACs) involve in epigenetic regulation by removing acetyl groups from lysine residues of histones and regulating downstream gene expression. Among all HDACs, Class IIa HDACs (HDAC4, 5, 7, 9) contain only an N-terminal regulatory domain, exert limited HDAC activity, and present tissue-specific gene regulation. Here, we discuss and summarize the current understanding of this distinct subfamily of HDACs in endothelial cell functions (such as angiogenesis and immune response) with their molecular underpinnings. Furthermore, we also present new thoughts for further investigation of HDAC inhibitors as a potential treatment in several vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexu Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Bei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Taofeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunjian Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangmin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Dai,
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22
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Ahamad S, Bhat SA. The Emerging Landscape of Small-Molecule Therapeutics for the Treatment of Huntington's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15993-16032. [PMID: 36490325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene (HTT). The new insights into HD's cellular and molecular pathways have led to the identification of numerous potent small-molecule therapeutics for HD therapy. The field of HD-targeting small-molecule therapeutics is accelerating, and the approval of these therapeutics to combat HD may be expected in the near future. For instance, preclinical candidates such as naphthyridine-azaquinolone, AN1, AN2, CHDI-00484077, PRE084, EVP4593, and LOC14 have shown promise for further optimization to enter into HD clinical trials. This perspective aims to summarize the advent of small-molecule therapeutics at various stages of clinical development for HD therapy, emphasizing their structure and design, therapeutic effects, and specific mechanisms of action. Further, we have highlighted the key drivers involved in HD pathogenesis to provide insights into the basic principle for designing promising anti-HD therapeutic leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh202002, India
| | - Shahnawaz A Bhat
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh202002, India
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23
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Lechner S, Malgapo MIP, Grätz C, Steimbach RR, Baron A, Rüther P, Nadal S, Stumpf C, Loos C, Ku X, Prokofeva P, Lautenbacher L, Heimburg T, Würf V, Meng C, Wilhelm M, Sippl W, Kleigrewe K, Pauling JK, Kramer K, Miller AK, Pfaffl MW, Linder ME, Kuster B, Médard G. Target deconvolution of HDAC pharmacopoeia reveals MBLAC2 as common off-target. Nat Chem Biol 2022; 18:812-820. [PMID: 35484434 PMCID: PMC9339481 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Drugs that target histone deacetylase (HDAC) entered the pharmacopoeia in the 2000s. However, some enigmatic phenotypes suggest off-target engagement. Here, we developed a quantitative chemical proteomics assay using immobilized HDAC inhibitors and mass spectrometry that we deployed to establish the target landscape of 53 drugs. The assay covers 9 of the 11 human zinc-dependent HDACs, questions the reported selectivity of some widely-used molecules (notably for HDAC6) and delineates how the composition of HDAC complexes influences drug potency. Unexpectedly, metallo-β-lactamase domain-containing protein 2 (MBLAC2) featured as a frequent off-target of hydroxamate drugs. This poorly characterized palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase is inhibited by 24 HDAC inhibitors at low nanomolar potency. MBLAC2 enzymatic inhibition and knockdown led to the accumulation of extracellular vesicles. Given the importance of extracellular vesicle biology in neurological diseases and cancer, this HDAC-independent drug effect may qualify MBLAC2 as a target for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Severin Lechner
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Ian P Malgapo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Christian Grätz
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Raphael R Steimbach
- Cancer Drug Development, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnes Baron
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Patrick Rüther
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Simon Nadal
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Carmen Stumpf
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christina Loos
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Xin Ku
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Polina Prokofeva
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Lautenbacher
- Computational Mass Spectrometry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Tino Heimburg
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Vivian Würf
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelm
- Computational Mass Spectrometry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Josch K Pauling
- LipiTUM, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Karl Kramer
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Aubry K Miller
- Cancer Drug Development, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Maurine E Linder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
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24
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Bui HTB, Nguyen PH, Pham QM, Tran HP, Tran DQ, Jung H, Hong QV, Nguyen QC, Nguyen QP, Le HT, Yang SG. Target Design of Novel Histone Deacetylase 6 Selective Inhibitors with 2-Mercaptoquinazolinone as the Cap Moiety. Molecules 2022; 27:2204. [PMID: 35408604 PMCID: PMC9000625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations found in all human cancers are promising targets for anticancer therapy. In this sense, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are interesting anticancer agents that play an important role in the epigenetic regulation of cancer cells. Here, we report 15 novel hydroxamic acid-based histone deacetylase inhibitors with quinazolinone core structures. Five compounds exhibited antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 3.4-37.8 µM. Compound 8 with a 2-mercaptoquinazolinone cap moiety displayed the highest antiproliferative efficacy against MCF-7 cells. For the HDAC6 target selectivity study, compound 8 displayed an IC50 value of 2.3 µM, which is 29.3 times higher than those of HDAC3, HDAC4, HDAC8, and HDAC11. Western blot assay proved that compound 8 strongly inhibited tubulin acetylation, a substrate of HDAC6. Compound 8 also displayed stronger inhibition activity against HDAC11 than the control drug Belinostat. The inhibitory mechanism of action of compound 8 on HDAC enzymes was then explored using molecular docking study. The data revealed a high binding affinity (-7.92 kcal/mol) of compound 8 toward HDAC6. In addition, dock pose analysis also proved that compound 8 might serve as a potent inhibitor of HDAC11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Thi Buu Bui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Phuong Hong Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (P.H.N.); (H.P.T.); (H.J.)
- Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
| | - Quan Minh Pham
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Chemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hoa Phuong Tran
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (P.H.N.); (H.P.T.); (H.J.)
- Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
| | - De Quang Tran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Hosun Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (P.H.N.); (H.P.T.); (H.J.)
- Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
| | - Quang Vinh Hong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Quoc Cuong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Quy Phu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Hieu Trong Le
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam; (D.Q.T.); (Q.V.H.); (Q.C.N.); (Q.P.N.); (H.T.L.)
| | - Su-Geun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea; (P.H.N.); (H.P.T.); (H.J.)
- Inha Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 22332, Korea
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25
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Sharma R, Sharma S, Thakur A, Singh A, Singh J, Nepali K, Liou JP. The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Autoimmune, Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular, and Imprinting Disorders. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:1977-2011. [PMID: 35176978 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220217103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mutations like aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, or RNA silencing are found in a number of human diseases. This review article discusses the epigenetic mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disorders, auto-immune disorder, and genomic imprinting disorders. In addition, emerging epigenetic therapeutic strategies for the treatment of such disorders are presented. Medicinal chemistry campaigns highlighting the efforts of the chemists invested towards the rational design of small molecule inhibitors have also been included. Pleasingly, several classes of epigenetic inhibitors, DNMT, HDAC, BET, HAT, and HMT inhibitors along with RNA based therapies have exhibited the potential to emerge as therapeutics in the longer run. It is quite hopeful that epigenetic modulator-based therapies will advance to clinical stage investigations by leaps and bounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amandeep Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Arshdeep Singh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jagjeet Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Pharmacy, Rayat-Bahara Group of Institutes, Hoshiarpur, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Turkman N, Liu D, Pirola I. Design, synthesis, biochemical evaluation, radiolabeling and in vivo imaging with high affinity class-IIa histone deacetylase inhibitor for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 228:114011. [PMID: 34875522 PMCID: PMC8919062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the design, synthesis and deciphering of the key characteristics of the structure activity relationship (SAR) of trifluoromethyloxadiazole (TFMO) bearing class-IIa HDAC inhibitors. Our medicinal chemistry campaign of 23 compounds identified compound 1 as a highly potent inhibitor with sub nM affinity to class-IIa HDAC4 isoform. Therefore, We radiolabeled compound 1 (named thereafter as NT160) with [18F]fluoride thus producing the identical [18F]-NT160 as a diagnostic tool for positron emission tomography (PET). [18F]-NT160 was produced in high radiochemical purity (>95%), moderate radiochemical yield (2−5%) and moderate molar activity in the range of 0.30−0.85 GBq/umol (8.0−23.0 mCi/umol). We also established that [18F]-NT160 can cross the blood brain barrier and bind to class-IIa HDACs in vivo. The combination of [18F]-NT160 and 1 represent a novel theranostic pair using the same molecule to enable diagnostic PET imaging with [18F]-NT160 followed by targeted therapy with NT160.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaat Turkman
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Long Island, NY, USA.
| | - Daxing Liu
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Long Island, NY, USA
| | - Isabella Pirola
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook, Long Island, NY, USA; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Long Island, NY, USA
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27
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Ozdarska K, Petremant M, Wu KC, Bourguet E. Synthesis of novel pyridazino[1,6-a]indole-2,4(1H,3H)-dione and pyridazino[1,6-a]indol-2(1H)-one via intramolecular electrophilic aromatic substitution. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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28
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Mechanistic Insights into Binding of Ligands with Thiazolidinedione Warhead to Human Histone Deacetylase 4. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14101032. [PMID: 34681256 PMCID: PMC8537711 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we have reported that non-hydroxamate thiazolidinedione (TZD) analogs are capable of inhibiting human deacetylase 4 (HDAC4). This study aims at the dissection of the molecular determinants and kinetics of the molecular recognition of TZD ligands by HDAC4. For this purpose, a structure activity relationship analysis of 225 analogs was combined with a comprehensive study of the enzyme and binding kinetics of a variety of HDAC4 mutant variants. The experimental data were rationalized by docking to the two major conformations of HDAC4. TZD ligands are competitive inhibitors and bind via a two-step mechanism involving principal molecular recognition and induced fit. The residence time of 24 g is (34 ± 3) min and thus much larger than that of the canonical pan-HDAC inhibitor SAHA ((5 ± 2) min). Importantly, the binding kinetics can be tuned by varying the structure of the CAP group.
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29
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Upadhyay N, Tilekar K, Safuan S, Kumar AP, Schweipert M, Meyer-Almes FJ, C S R. Multi-target weapons: diaryl-pyrazoline thiazolidinediones simultaneously targeting VEGFR-2 and HDAC cancer hallmarks. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1540-1554. [PMID: 34671737 PMCID: PMC8459325 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00125f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In anticancer drug discovery, multi-targeting compounds have been beneficial due to their advantages over single-targeting compounds. For instance, VEGFR-2 has a crucial role in angiogenesis and cancer management, whereas HDACs are well-known regulators of epigenetics and have been known to contribute significantly to angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. Herein, we have reported nineteen novel VEGFR-2 and HDAC dual-targeting analogs containing diaryl-pyrazoline thiazolidinediones and their in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation. In particular, the most promising compound 14c has emerged as a dual inhibitor of VEGFR-2 and HDAC. It demonstrated anti-angiogenic activity by inhibiting in vitro HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. Moreover, an in vivo CAM assay showed that 14c repressed new capillary formation in CAMs. In particular, 14c exhibited cytotoxicity potential on different cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, K562, A549, and HT-29. Additionally, 14c demonstrated significant potency and selectivity against HDAC4 in the sub-micromolar range. To materialize the hypothesis, we also performed molecular docking on the crystal structures of both VEGFR-2 (PDB ID: 1YWN) and HDAC4 (PDB-ID: 4CBY), which corroborated the designing and biological activity. The results indicated that compound 14c could be a potential lead to develop more optimized multi-target analogs with enhanced potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
| | - Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Health Sciences Health Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia 16150 Kubang Kerian Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt Germany
| | - Ramaa C S
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy Navi Mumbai India
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30
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Upadhyay N, Tilekar K, Safuan S, Kumar AP, Schweipert M, Meyer-Almes FJ, Ramaa CS. Double-edged Swords: Diaryl pyrazoline thiazolidinediones synchronously targeting cancer epigenetics and angiogenesis. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105350. [PMID: 34547645 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, two novel series of compounds incorporating naphthyl and pyridyl linker were synthesized and biological assays revealed 5-((6-(2-(5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy) naphthalene-2-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (14b) as the most potent dual inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factors receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4). Compounds 13b, 14b, 17f, and 21f were found to stabilize HDAC4; where, pyridyl linker swords were endowed with higher stabilization effects than naphthyl linker. Also, 13b and 14b showed best inhibitory activity on VEGFR-2 as compared to others. Compound 14b was most potent as evident by in-vitro and in-vivo biological assessments. It displayed anti-angiogenic potential by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and also suppressed new capillary formation in the growing chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). It showed selectivity and potency towards HDAC4 as compared to other HDAC isoforms. Compound 14b (25 mg/kg, i.p.) also indicated exceptional antitumor efficacy on in-vivo animal xenograft model of human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29). The mechanism of action of 14b was also confirmed by western blot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Sabreena Safuan
- School of Health Sciences, Health Campus Universiti Sains 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - C S Ramaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India.
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31
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Frühauf A, Meyer-Almes FJ. Non-Hydroxamate Zinc-Binding Groups as Warheads for Histone Deacetylases. Molecules 2021; 26:5151. [PMID: 34500583 PMCID: PMC8434074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl groups from acetylated lysine residues and have a large variety of substrates and interaction partners. Therefore, it is not surprising that HDACs are involved in many diseases. Most inhibitors of zinc-dependent HDACs (HDACis) including approved drugs contain a hydroxamate as a zinc-binding group (ZBG), which is by far the biggest contributor to affinity, while chemical variation of the residual molecule is exploited to create more or less selectivity against HDAC isozymes or other metalloproteins. Hydroxamates have a propensity for nonspecificity and have recently come under considerable suspicion because of potential mutagenicity. Therefore, there are significant concerns when applying hydroxamate-containing compounds as therapeutics in chronic diseases beyond oncology due to unwanted toxic side effects. In the last years, several alternative ZBGs have been developed, which can replace the critical hydroxamate group in HDACis, while preserving high potency. Moreover, these compounds can be developed into highly selective inhibitors. This review aims at providing an overview of the progress in the field of non-hydroxamic HDACis in the time period from 2015 to present. Formally, ZBGs are clustered according to their binding mode and structural similarity to provide qualitative assessments and predictions based on available structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Darmstadt, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany;
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32
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Tilekar K, Hess JD, Upadhyay N, Schweipert M, Flath F, Gutierrez DA, Loiodice F, Lavecchia A, Meyer‐Almes F, Aguilera RJ, Ramaa CS. HDAC4 Inhibitors with Cyclic Linker and Non‐hydroxamate Zinc Binding Group: Design, Synthesis, HDAC Screening and
in
vitro
Cytotoxicity evaluation. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Sector 8, CBD Belapur Navi Mumbai India
| | - Jessica D. Hess
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility Border Biomedical Research Center Department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue El Paso TX 79968-0519 USA
| | - Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Sector 8, CBD Belapur Navi Mumbai India
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Science Haardtring 100 64295 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Felix Flath
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Science Haardtring 100 64295 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Denisse A. Gutierrez
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility Border Biomedical Research Center Department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue El Paso TX 79968-0519 USA
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Via E. Orabona, 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy “Drug Discovery” Laboratory University of Napoli “Federico II” Via D. Montesano, 49 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Franz‐Josef Meyer‐Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Applied Science Haardtring 100 64295 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility Border Biomedical Research Center Department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El Paso 500 West University Avenue El Paso TX 79968-0519 USA
| | - C. S. Ramaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Sector 8, CBD Belapur Navi Mumbai India
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33
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Tilekar K, Hess JD, Upadhyay N, Bianco AL, Schweipert M, Laghezza A, Loiodice F, Meyer-Almes FJ, Aguilera RJ, Lavecchia A, C S R. Thiazolidinedione "Magic Bullets" Simultaneously Targeting PPARγ and HDACs: Design, Synthesis, and Investigations of their In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Effects. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6949-6971. [PMID: 34006099 PMCID: PMC10926851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monotargeting anticancer agents suffer from resistance and target nonspecificity concerns, which can be tackled with a multitargeting approach. The combined treatment with HDAC inhibitors and PPARγ agonists has displayed potential antitumor effects. Based on these observations, this work involves design and synthesis of molecules that can simultaneously target PPARγ and HDAC. Several out of 25 compounds inhibited HDAC4, and six compounds acted as dual-targeting agents. Compound 7i was the most potent, with activity toward PPARγ EC50 = 0.245 μM and HDAC4 IC50 = 1.1 μM. Additionally, compounds 7c and 7i were cytotoxic to CCRF-CEM cells (CC50 = 2.8 and 9.6 μM, respectively), induced apoptosis, and caused DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, compound 7c modulated the expression of c-Myc, cleaved caspase-3, and caused in vivo tumor regression in CCRF-CEM tumor xenografts. Thus, this study provides a basis for the rational design of dual/multitargeting agents that could be developed further as anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai- 400614, India
| | - Jessica D Hess
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai- 400614, India
| | - Alessandra Lo Bianco
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Markus Schweipert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Science, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Science, Haardtring 100, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ramaa C S
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai- 400614, India
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34
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Novel late-stage radiosynthesis of 5-[18F]-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (TFMO) containing molecules for PET imaging. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10668. [PMID: 34021207 PMCID: PMC8139947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules that contain the (TFMO) moiety were reported to specifically inhibit the class-IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs), an important target in cancer and the disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). However, radiolabeling methods to incorporate the [18F]fluoride into the TFMO moiety are lacking. Herein, we report a novel late-stage incorporation of [18F]fluoride into the TFMO moiety in a single radiochemical step. In this approach the bromodifluoromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole was converted into [18F]TFMO via no-carrier-added bromine-[18F]fluoride exchange in a single step, thus producing the PET tracers with acceptable radiochemical yield (3–5%), high radiochemical purity (> 98%) and moderate molar activity of 0.33–0.49 GBq/umol (8.9–13.4 mCi/umol). We validated the utility of the novel radiochemical design by the radiosynthesis of [18F]TMP195, which is a known TFMO containing potent inhibitor of class-IIa HDACs.
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35
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Elmezayen AD, Al-Obaidi A, Yelekçi K. Discovery of novel isoform-selective histone deacetylases 5 and 9 inhibitors through combined ligand-based pharmacophore modeling, molecular mocking, and molecular dynamics simulations for cancer treatment. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 106:107937. [PMID: 34049193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) 5 and 9 play crucial roles in several human disorders such as cancer, making them important targets for drug design. Continuous research is pursed to overcome the cytotoxicity side effect that comes with the currently available broad-spectrum HDACs inhibitors. Herein, common features of active HDACs inhibitors in clinical trials and use have been calculated to generate the best pharmacophore hypothesis. Guner-Henry scoring system was used to validate the generated hypotheses. Hypo1 of HDAC5 and Hypo2 of HDAC9 exhibited the most statistically significance hypotheses. Compounds with fit value of 3 and more were examined by QuickVina 2 docking tool to calculate their binding affinity toward all class IIa HDACs. A total of 6 potential selective compounds were subjected to 100 molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to examine their binding modes. The free binding energy calculations were computed according to the MM-PBSA method. Proposed selective compounds displayed good stability with their targets and thus they may offer potent leads for the designing of HDAC5 and HDAC9 isoform selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar D Elmezayen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Anas Al-Obaidi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Kemal Yelekçi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey.
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36
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Ortore G, Poli G, Martinelli A, Tuccinardi T, Rizzolio F, Caligiuri I. From Anti-infective Agents to Cancer Therapy: a Drug Repositioning Study Revealed a New Use for Nitrofuran Derivatives. Med Chem 2021; 18:249-259. [PMID: 33992059 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210511001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression of ovarian cancer seems to be related to HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC6 activity. A possible strategy for improving therapies for treating ovarian carcinoma, minimizing the preclinical screenings, is the repurposing of already approved pharmaceutical products as inhibitors of these enzymes. OBJECTIVE This work was aimed to implement a computational strategy for identifying new HDAC inhibitors for ovarian carcinoma treatment among approved drugs. METHOD The CHEMBL database was used to construct training, test and decoys sets for performing and validating HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC6 3D-QSAR models obtained by using FLAP program. Docking and MD simulations were used in combination with the generated models to identify novel potential HDAC inhibitors. Cell viability assays and Western blot analyses were performed on normal and cancer cells for a direct evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity and an in vitro estimation of HDAC inhibition of the compounds selected through in silico screening. RESULT The best quantitative prediction was obtained for the HDAC6 3D-QSAR model. The screening of approved drugs highlighted a new potential use as HDAC inhibitors for some compounds, in particular nitrofuran derivatives, usually known for their antibacterial activity, and frequently used as antimicrobial adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment. Experimental evaluation of these derivatives highlighted a significant antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines overexpressing HDAC6, and an increase in acetylated alpha-tubulin levels. CONCLUSION Experimental results support the hypothesis of a potential direct interaction of nitrofuran derivatives with HDACs. In addition to the possible repurposing of already approved drugs, this work suggests the nitro group as a new zinc binding group, able to interact with the catalytic zinc ion of HDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, Pisa University, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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37
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Stott AJ, Maillard MC, Beaumont V, Allcock D, Aziz O, Borchers AH, Blackaby W, Breccia P, Creighton-Gutteridge G, Haughan AF, Jarvis RE, Luckhurst CA, Matthews KL, McAllister G, Pollack S, Saville-Stones E, Van de Poël AJ, Vater HD, Vann J, Williams R, Yates D, Muñoz-Sanjuán I, Dominguez C. Evaluation of 5-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole-Based Class IIa HDAC Inhibitors for Huntington's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:380-388. [PMID: 33738065 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Using an iterative structure-activity relationship driven approach, we identified a CNS-penetrant 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole (TFMO, 12) with a pharmacokinetic profile suitable for probing class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition in vivo. Given the lack of understanding of endogenous class IIa HDAC substrates, we developed a surrogate readout to measure compound effects in vivo, by exploiting the >100-fold selectivity compound 12 exhibits over class I/IIb HDACs. We achieved adequate brain exposure with compound 12 in mice to estimate a class I/IIb deacetylation EC50, using class I substrate H4K12 acetylation and global acetylation levels as a pharmacodynamic readout. We observed excellent correlation between the compound 12 in vivo pharmacodynamic response and in vitro class I/IIb cellular activity. Applying the same relationship to class IIa HDAC inhibition, we estimated the compound 12 dose required to inhibit class IIa HDAC activity, for use in preclinical models of Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Stott
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Michel C. Maillard
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation Inc., 6080 Center Drive, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Vahri Beaumont
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation Inc., 6080 Center Drive, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - David Allcock
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Omar Aziz
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander H. Borchers
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation Inc., 6080 Center Drive, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Wesley Blackaby
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Perla Breccia
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alan F. Haughan
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E. Jarvis
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Luckhurst
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Kim L. Matthews
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - George McAllister
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Pollack
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Saville-Stones
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J. Van de Poël
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D. Vater
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Vann
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Williams
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Yates
- Charles River Discovery, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, Essex CB10 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Ignacio Muñoz-Sanjuán
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation Inc., 6080 Center Drive, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
| | - Celia Dominguez
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation Inc., 6080 Center Drive, Suite 700, Los Angeles, California 90045, United States
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38
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Ghosh P, Saadat A. Neurodegeneration and epigenetics: A review. Neurologia 2021; 38:S0213-4853(21)00034-7. [PMID: 33712337 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal function and differentiation are tightly regulated by both genome and epigenome. Based on the environmental information the epigenetic changes occur. Neurodegeneration is the consequence of dysregulation of both the genome and epigenome. In this study, we saw different types of alterations of epigenome present in neuronal cells of different model organisms for neurodegenerative disorders. The epigenetic modifications including chromatin modification, DNA methylation, and changes in regulatory RNAs (miRNA) are having a great impact on neurodegenerative disorders as well as memory. The effects of these re-editing in the neuronal cells cause Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease but an unusual form of neuroepigenetics has been seen in Prion Disease. Subsequently, for the development of treatment of these diseases, epigenetic modifications should be kept in mind. Although until now many reports came on drug discovery inhibiting histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases to reverse the epigenetic change but they lack targeted delivery and sometimes cause a cytotoxic effect on neuronal cells. In future, advancement in targeted and non-cytotoxic drugs should be the main focus for therapeutic treatment of the neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - A Saadat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
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39
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Melesina J, Simoben CV, Praetorius L, Bülbül EF, Robaa D, Sippl W. Strategies To Design Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1336-1359. [PMID: 33428327 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review classifies drug-design strategies successfully implemented in the development of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which have many applications including cancer treatment. Our focus is on especially demanded selective HDAC inhibitors and their structure-activity relationships in relation to corresponding protein structures. The main part of the paper is divided into six subsections each narrating how optimization of one of six structural features can influence inhibitor selectivity. It starts with the impact of the zinc binding group on selectivity, continues with the optimization of the linker placed in the substrate binding tunnel as well as the adjustment of the cap group interacting with the surface of the protein, and ends with the addition of groups targeting class-specific sub-pockets: the side-pocket-, lower-pocket- and foot-pocket-targeting groups. The review is rounded off with a conclusion and an outlook on the future of HDAC inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Melesina
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Conrad V Simoben
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lucas Praetorius
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Emre F Bülbül
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle - Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Straße 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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40
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Mak JYW, Wu KC, Gupta PK, Barbero S, McLaughlin MG, Lucke AJ, Tng J, Lim J, Loh Z, Sweet MJ, Reid RC, Liu L, Fairlie DP. HDAC7 Inhibition by Phenacetyl and Phenylbenzoyl Hydroxamates. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2186-2204. [PMID: 33570940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The zinc-containing histone deacetylase enzyme HDAC7 is emerging as an important regulator of immunometabolism and cancer. Here, we exploit a cavity in HDAC7, filled by Tyr303 in HDAC1, to derive new inhibitors. Phenacetyl hydroxamates and 2-phenylbenzoyl hydroxamates bind to Zn2+ and are 50-2700-fold more selective inhibitors of HDAC7 than HDAC1. Phenylbenzoyl hydroxamates are 30-70-fold more potent HDAC7 inhibitors than phenacetyl hydroxamates, which is attributed to the benzoyl aromatic group interacting with Phe679 and Phe738. Phthalimide capping groups, including a saccharin analogue, decrease rotational freedom and provide hydrogen bond acceptor carbonyl/sulfonamide oxygens that increase inhibitor potency, liver microsome stability, solubility, and cell activity. Despite being the most potent HDAC7 inhibitors to date, they are not selective among class IIa enzymes. These strategies may help to produce tools for interrogating HDAC7 biology related to its catalytic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Y W Mak
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kai-Chen Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Praveer K Gupta
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Sheila Barbero
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Maddison G McLaughlin
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lucke
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jiahui Tng
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhixuan Loh
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Matthew J Sweet
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Robert C Reid
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ligong Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - David P Fairlie
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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41
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Jenke R, Reßing N, Hansen FK, Aigner A, Büch T. Anticancer Therapy with HDAC Inhibitors: Mechanism-Based Combination Strategies and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:634. [PMID: 33562653 PMCID: PMC7915831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing knowledge of molecular drivers of tumorigenesis has fueled targeted cancer therapies based on specific inhibitors. Beyond "classic" oncogene inhibitors, epigenetic therapy is an emerging field. Epigenetic alterations can occur at any time during cancer progression, altering the structure of the chromatin, the accessibility for transcription factors and thus the transcription of genes. They rely on post-translational histone modifications, particularly the acetylation of histone lysine residues, and are determined by the inverse action of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Importantly, HDACs are often aberrantly overexpressed, predominantly leading to the transcriptional repression of tumor suppressor genes. Thus, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are powerful drugs, with some already approved for certain hematological cancers. Albeit HDACis show activity in solid tumors as well, further refinement and the development of novel drugs are needed. This review describes the capability of HDACis to influence various pathways and, based on this knowledge, gives a comprehensive overview of various preclinical and clinical studies on solid tumors. A particular focus is placed on strategies for achieving higher efficacy by combination therapies, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-EGFR inhibitors and hormone- or immunotherapy. This also includes new bifunctional inhibitors as well as novel approaches for HDAC degradation via PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Jenke
- University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Nina Reßing
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Rheinische Fried-rich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; (N.R.); (F.K.H.)
| | - Finn K. Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, Rheinische Fried-rich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany; (N.R.); (F.K.H.)
| | - Achim Aigner
- Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Thomas Büch
- Clinical Pharmacology, Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany;
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42
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Rodrigues DA, Pinheiro PSM, Fraga CAM. Multitarget Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) and Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K): Current and Future Prospects. ChemMedChem 2020; 16:448-457. [PMID: 33049098 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors is a hot topic in the medicinal chemistry community regarding cancer research. This is related primarily to two factors: success in the clinic, e. g., the four FDA-approved HDAC inhibitors, and strong versatility to combine their pharmacophoric features to design new hybrid compounds with multitarget profiles. Thus, the selection of adequate pharmacophores to combine, i. e., combining targets that can result in a synergistic effect, is desirable, as it increases the probability of discovering a new useful therapeutic strategy. In this work, we highlight the design of multitarget HDAC/PI3K inhibitors. Although this approach is still in its early stages, many significant works have described the design and pharmacological evaluation of this new promising class of multitarget inhibitors, where compound CUDC-907, which is already in clinical trials, stands out. Therefore, the question emerges of whether there still space for the design and evaluation of new multitarget HDAC/PI3K inhibitors. When considering the selectivity profile of the described multitarget compounds, the answer appears to be in the affirmative, especially since the first examples of compounds with a certain selectivity profile only recently appeared in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro S M Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A M Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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43
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Cappellacci L, Perinelli DR, Maggi F, Grifantini M, Petrelli R. Recent Progress in Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:2449-2493. [PMID: 30332940 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181016163110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a relatively new class of anti-cancer agents that play important roles in epigenetic or non-epigenetic regulation, inducing death, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Recently, their use has been clinically validated in cancer patients resulting in the approval by the FDA of four HDAC inhibitors, vorinostat, romidepsin, belinostat and panobinostat, used for the treatment of cutaneous/peripheral T-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Many more HDAC inhibitors are at different stages of clinical development for the treatment of hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. Also, clinical trials of several HDAC inhibitors for use as anti-cancer drugs (alone or in combination with other anti-cancer therapeutics) are ongoing. In the intensifying efforts to discover new, hopefully, more therapeutically efficacious HDAC inhibitors, molecular modelingbased rational drug design has played an important role. In this review, we summarize four major structural classes of HDAC inhibitors (hydroxamic acid derivatives, aminobenzamide, cyclic peptide and short-chain fatty acids) that are in clinical trials and different computer modeling tools available for their structural modifications as a guide to discover additional HDAC inhibitors with greater therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego R Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Mario Grifantini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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44
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Elmezayen AD, Yelekçi K. Homology modeling and in silico design of novel and potential dual-acting inhibitors of human histone deacetylases HDAC5 and HDAC9 isozymes. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6396-6414. [PMID: 32715940 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1798812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that have prominent and crucial effect on various biological systems, mainly by their suppressive effect on transcription. Searching for inhibitors targeting their respective isoforms without affecting other targets is greatly needed. Some histone deacetylases have no crystal structures, such as HDAC5 and HDAC9. Lacking proper and suitable crystal structure is obstructing the designing of appropriate isoform selective inhibitors. Here in this study, we constructed human HDAC5 and HDAC9 protein models using human HDAC4 (PDB:2VQM_A) as a template by the means of homology modeling approach. Based on the Z-score of the built models, model M0014 of HDAC5 and model M0020 of HDAC9 were selected. The models were verified by MODELLER and validated using the Web-based PROCHECK server. All selected known inhibitors displayed reasonable binding modes and equivalent predicted Ki values in comparison to the experimental binding affinities (Ki/IC50). The known inhibitor Rac26 showed the best binding affinity for HDAC5, while TMP269 showed the best binding affinity for HDAC9. The best two compounds, CHEMBL2114980 and CHEMBL217223, had relatively similar inhibition constants against HDAC5 and HDAC9. The built models and their complexes were subjected to molecular dynamic simulations (MD) for 100 ns. Examining the MD simulation results of all studied structures, including the RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration and potential energy suggested the stability and reliability of the built models. Accordingly, the results obtained in this study could be used for designing de novo inhibitors against HDAC5 and HDAC9. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar D Elmezayen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Yelekçi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul, Turkey
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45
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Rodrigues DA, Pinheiro PDSM, Sagrillo FS, Bolognesi ML, Fraga CAM. Histone deacetylases as targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: Challenges and future opportunities. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:2177-2211. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Pedro de S. M. Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Alma Mater Studiorum‐University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Fernanda S. Sagrillo
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Maria L. Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Alma Mater Studiorum‐University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Carlos A. M. Fraga
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Química, Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology Alma Mater Studiorum‐University of Bologna Bologna Italy
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46
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Somsakeesit LO, Senawong T, Kumboonma P, Saenglee S, Samankul A, Senawong G, Yenjai C, Phaosiri C. Influence of side-chain changes on histone deacetylase inhibitory and cytotoxicity activities of curcuminoid derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127171. [PMID: 32273215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Using curcuminoids as lead compounds, fifty-nine curcuminoid derivatives with different side chains at the phenolic moiety were synthesized. All compounds were investigated for their histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activities. The potent pan-HDAC inhibitors were further tested against three human cancer cell lines including Hela, HCT116 and MCF-7 with MTT-based assay. The bisethylamide 4z and the mono-sec-butyl derivative 5j manifested good antiproliferative activities against HCT116 cancer cells with the IC50 values as 14.60 ± 1.19 μg/mL and 7.33 ± 0.98 μg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking study of both compounds with Class I HDACs revealed that the compounds might bind tightly to the binding pocket of HDAC2. These findings suggested that these compounds can be putative candidates for the development of anticancer drugs via inhibiting HDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- La-Or Somsakeesit
- Natural Products Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Implementation Unit-IU, Khon Kaen University), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thanaset Senawong
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pakit Kumboonma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Somprasong Saenglee
- Ban Dong Subdistrict Administration Organization, Ubolratana District, Khon Kaen 40250, Thailand
| | - Arunta Samankul
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Gulsiri Senawong
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Products Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Implementation Unit-IU, Khon Kaen University), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanokbhorn Phaosiri
- Natural Products Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (Implementation Unit-IU, Khon Kaen University), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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47
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He J, Wang S, Liu X, Lin R, Deng F, Jia Z, Zhang C, Li Z, Zhu H, Tang L, Yang P, He D, Jia Q, Zhang Y. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of HDAC Inhibitors With a Novel Zinc Binding Group. Front Chem 2020; 8:256. [PMID: 32351936 PMCID: PMC7174758 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vorinostat (SAHA) with great therapeutic potential has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma as the first HDACs inhibitor, but the drawbacks associated with hydroxamic acid group (poor stability, easy metabolism, weak binding ability to class IIa isozymes, and poor selectivity) have been exposed during the continuous clinical application. Based on the pharmacophore of HDAC inhibitors, two series of compounds with novel zinc binding group (ZBG) were designed and synthesized, and the antitumor bioactivities were evaluated in four human cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, HepG2, and MCF-7). Among the synthesized compounds, compounds a6, a9, a10, b8, and b9 exhibited promising inhibitory activities against the selected tumor cell lines, especially compounds a9 and b8 on Hela's cytostatic activity (a9: IC50 = 11.15 ± 3.24 μM; b8: IC50 = 13.68 ± 1.31 μM). The enzyme inhibition assay against Hela extracts and HDAC1&6 subtypes showed that compound a9 had a certain broad-spectrum inhibitory activity, while compound b8 had selective inhibitory activity against HDAC6, which was consistent with Western blot results. In addition, the inhibitory mechanism of compounds a9 and b8 in HDAC1&6 were both compared through computational approaches, and the binding interactions between the compounds and the enzymes target were analyzed from the perspective of energy profile and conformation. In summary, the compounds with novel ZBG exhibited certain antitumor activities, providing valuable hints for the discovery of novel HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junquan He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Songsong Wang
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruili Lin
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhong Jia
- Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou Second People's Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Zhang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongtian Zhu
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dian He
- Materia Medica Development Group, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Lanzhou University School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou, China.,Pharmacy Department, Lanzhou Second People's Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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48
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You D, Richardson JR, Aleksunes LM. Epigenetic Regulation of Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Transporters by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:459-480. [PMID: 32193359 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.089953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, ABCB1, P-glycoprotein) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) are key efflux transporters that mediate the extrusion of drugs and toxicants in cancer cells and healthy tissues, including the liver, kidneys, and the brain. Altering the expression and activity of MDR1 and BCRP influences the disposition, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity of chemicals, including a number of commonly prescribed medications. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic modification that can regulate gene expression by changing the accessibility of the genome to transcriptional regulators and transcriptional machinery. Recently, studies have suggested that pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) modulates the expression and function of MDR1 and BCRP transporters as a result of enhanced histone acetylation. This review addresses the ability of HDAC inhibitors to modulate the expression and the function of MDR1 and BCRP transporters and explores the molecular mechanisms by which HDAC inhibition regulates these transporters. While the majority of studies have focused on histone regulation of MDR1 and BCRP in drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cancer cells, emerging data point to similar responses in nonmalignant cells and tissues. Elucidating epigenetic mechanisms regulating MDR1 and BCRP is important to expand our understanding of the basic biology of these two key transporters and subsequent consequences on chemoresistance as well as tissue exposure and responses to drugs and toxicants. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Histone deacetylase inhibitors alter the expression of key efflux transporters multidrug resistance protein 1 and breast cancer resistance protein in healthy and malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahea You
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
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49
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Exploring the inhibitory activity of valproic acid against the HDAC family using an MMGBSA approach. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2020; 34:857-878. [PMID: 32180123 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-020-00304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a compound currently used in clinical practice for the treatment of epilepsy as well as bipolar and mood disorders. VPA targets histone deacetylases (HDACs), which participate in the removal of acetyl groups from lysine in several proteins, regulating a wide variety of functions within the organism. An imbalance or malfunction of these enzymes is associated with the development and progression of several diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. HDACs are divided into four classes, but VPA only targets Class I (HDAC1-3 and 8) and Class IIa (HDAC4-5, 7 and 9) HDACs; however, structural and energetic information regarding the manner by which VPA inhibits these HDACs is lacking. Here, the structural and energetic features that determine this recognition were studied using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It was found that VPA reaches the catalytic site in HDAC1-3 and 7, whereas in HDAC6, VPA only reaches the catalytic tunnel. In HDAC4, VPA was bound adjacent to L1 and L2, a zone that participates in corepressor binding, and in HDAC8, VPA was bound to the hydrophobic active site channel (HASC), in line with previous reports.
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50
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A short guide to histone deacetylases including recent progress on class II enzymes. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:204-212. [PMID: 32071378 PMCID: PMC7062823 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between histones and DNA is important for eukaryotic gene expression. A loose interaction caused, for example, by the neutralization of a positive charge on the histone surface by acetylation, induces a less compact chromatin structure, resulting in feasible accessibility of RNA polymerase and increased gene expression. In contrast, the formation of a tight chromatin structure due to the deacetylation of histone lysine residues on the surface by histone deacetylases enforces the interaction between the histones and DNA, which minimizes the chance of RNA polymerases contacting DNA, resulting in decreased gene expression. Therefore, the balance of the acetylation of histones mediated by histone acetylases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) is an issue of transcription that has long been studied in relation to posttranslational modification. In this review, current knowledge of HDACs is briefly described with an emphasis on recent progress in research on HDACs, especially on class IIa HDACs. Targeting specific structural and functional features of enzymes involved in regulating the interactions between DNA and the histone proteins associated with it could lead to the development of more effective cancer therapeutics. Histone deacetylases (HDACs), enzymes which remove acetyl groups from histones, make the histones wrap more tightly around the DNA so that it becomes inaccessible to the initial steps in gene expression. Drugs that target these enzymes have shown limited efficacy due to lack of specificity and off-target toxicity. Jeong-Sun Kim at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, and Suk-Youl Park at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, South Korea, review the latest knowledge about class II HDACs. They suggest that their unique structural features and low enzymatic activity are important features to consider when designing new, more selective HDAC inhibitors.
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