1
|
Esler WP, Cohen DE. Pharmacologic inhibition of lipogenesis for the treatment of NAFLD. J Hepatol 2024; 80:362-377. [PMID: 37977245 PMCID: PMC10842769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The hepatic accumulation of excess triglycerides is a seminal event in the initiation and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hepatic steatosis occurs when the hepatic accrual of fatty acids from the plasma and de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is no longer balanced by rates of fatty acid oxidation and secretion of very low-density lipoprotein-triglycerides. Accumulating data indicate that increased rates of DNL are central to the development of hepatic steatosis in NAFLD. Whereas the main drivers in NAFLD are transcriptional, owing to both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia, the effectors of DNL are a series of well-characterised enzymes. Several have proven amenable to pharmacologic inhibition or oligonucleotide-mediated knockdown, with lead compounds showing liver fat-lowering efficacy in phase II clinical trials. In humans with NAFLD, percent reductions in liver fat have closely mirrored percent inhibition of DNL, thereby affirming the critical contributions of DNL to NAFLD pathogenesis. The safety profiles of these compounds have so far been encouraging. It is anticipated that inhibitors of DNL, when administered alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, will become important agents in the management of human NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William P Esler
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Worldwide Research Development and Medical, Cambridge, MA 02139 United States.
| | - David E Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Zhang MX, Sun M, Wan LS, Chen JS, Zhang ZX. Effects of the Insect Growth Regulators Azadirachtin, Pyriproxyfen, and Tebufenozide on the Fatty Acid Metabolome of Bactrocera Dorsalis Larvae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1462-1472. [PMID: 38197605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Insects' lipids, including fatty acids, as the second largest constituents in insects, play a variety of fundamental and vital functions. However, there is a lack of reports on the effects of insect growth regulators on fatty acid profiles and metabolic mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, a comparative study of three growth regulators, azadirachtin, pyriproxyfen, and tebufenozide, on fatty acids was carried out using a targeted metabolomics approach to fill this gap. The results showed that when exposed to azadirachtin, pyriproxyfen, and tebufenozide, there were 14, 17, and 11 differentially regulated fatty acids, respectively. The pathway of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids was the common shared pathway, while fatty acid biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism were the specific pathways affected by the 3 insect growth regulators. Therefore, the results could be helpful to deepen the effects of azadirachtin and insect growth regulators on terrestrial insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Min Xing Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Miao Sun
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Lu Sheng Wan
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Jing Sheng Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Zhi Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Subbaiah MAM, Meanwell NA. Bioisosteres of the Phenyl Ring: Recent Strategic Applications in Lead Optimization and Drug Design. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14046-14128. [PMID: 34591488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The benzene moiety is the most prevalent ring system in marketed drugs, underscoring its historic popularity in drug design either as a pharmacophore or as a scaffold that projects pharmacophoric elements. However, introspective analyses of medicinal chemistry practices at the beginning of the 21st century highlighted the indiscriminate deployment of phenyl rings as an important contributor to the poor physicochemical properties of advanced molecules, which limited their prospects of being developed into effective drugs. This Perspective deliberates on the design and applications of bioisosteric replacements for a phenyl ring that have provided practical solutions to a range of developability problems frequently encountered in lead optimization campaigns. While the effect of phenyl ring replacements on compound properties is contextual in nature, bioisosteric substitution can lead to enhanced potency, solubility, and metabolic stability while reducing lipophilicity, plasma protein binding, phospholipidosis potential, and inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes and the hERG channel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon-Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Development Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560099, India
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- Department of Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Design and synthesis of purine connected piperazine derivatives as novel inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
|
6
|
Zhou WN, Zhang YM, Qiao X, Pan J, Yin LF, Zhu L, Zhao JN, Lu S, Lu T, Chen YD, Liu HC. Virtual Screening Strategy Combined Bayesian Classification Model, Molecular Docking for Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases Inhibitors. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 15:193-205. [PMID: 30411690 DOI: 10.2174/1573409914666181109110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases (ACC) have been an important target for the therapy of metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and some other diseases. METHODS In this study, virtual screening strategy combined with Bayesian categorization modeling, molecular docking and binding site analysis with protein ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) was adopted to validate some potent ACC inhibitors. First, the best Bayesian model with an excellent value of Area Under Curve (AUC) value (training set AUC: 0.972, test set AUC: 0.955) was used to screen compounds of validation library. Then the compounds screened by best Bayesian model were further screened by molecule docking again. RESULTS Finally, the hit compounds evaluated with four percentages (1%, 2%, 5%, 10%) were verified to reveal enrichment rates for the compounds. The combination of the ligandbased Bayesian model and structure-based virtual screening resulted in the identification of top four compounds which exhibited excellent IC 50 values against ACC in top 1% of the validation library. CONCLUSION In summary, the whole strategy is of high efficiency, and would be helpful for the discovery of ACC inhibitors and some other target inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Neng Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling-Feng Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun-Nan Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Dong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Chun Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen L, Duan Y, Wei H, Ning H, Bi C, Zhao Y, Qin Y, Li Y. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) as a therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome and recent developments in ACC1/2 inhibitors. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:917-930. [PMID: 31430206 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1657825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC) is an essential rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid metabolism. For many years, ACC inhibitors have gained great attention for developing therapeutics for various human diseases including microbial infections, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Areas covered: We present a comprehensive review and update of ACC inhibitors. We look at the current advance of ACC inhibitors in clinical studies and the implications in drug discovery. We searched ScienceDirect ( https://www.sciencedirect.com/ ), ACS ( https://pubs.acs.org/ ), Wiley ( https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ), NCBI ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ ) and World Health Organization ( https://www.who.int/ ). The keywords used were Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, lipid, inhibitors and metabolic syndrome. All documents were published before June 2019. Expert opinion: The key regulatory role of ACC in fatty acid synthesis and oxidation pathways makes it an attractive target for various metabolic diseases. In particular, the combination of ACC inhibitors with other drugs is a new strategy for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Expanding the clinical indications for ACC inhibitors will be one of the hot directions in the future. It is also worth looking forward to exploring safe and efficient inhibitors that act on the BC domain of ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyuan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| | - Huiqiang Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| | - Hongxin Ning
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| | - Changfen Bi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| | - Ying Zhao
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology , Chongqing , China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Tianjin , China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wei Q, Mei L, Yang Y, Ma H, Chen H, Zhang H, Zhou J. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel spiro-pentacylamides as acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3866-3874. [PMID: 30049586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) catalyzes the rate-determining step in de novo lipogenesis and plays an important role in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation. Therefore, ACC inhibition offers a promising option for intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cancer. In this paper, a series of spiropentacylamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their ACC1/2 inhibitory activities and anti-proliferation effects on A549, H1975, HCT116, SW620 and Caco-2 cell lines in vitro. Compound 6o displayed potent ACC1/2 inhibitory activity (ACC1 IC50 = 0.527 μM, ACC2 IC50 = 0.397 μM) and the most potent anti-proliferation activities against A549, H1975, HCT116, SW620 and Caco-2 cell lines, with IC50 values of 1.92 μM, 0.38 μM, 1.22 μM, 2.05 μM and 5.42 μM respectively. Further molecular docking studies revealed that compound 6o maintained hydrogen bonds between the two carbonyls and protein backbone NHs (Glu-B2026 and Gly-B1958). These results indicate that compound 6o is a promising ACC1/2 inhibitor for the potent treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Liankuo Mei
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hui Ma
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hongyi Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Jinpei Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Samuel VT, Shulman GI. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as a Nexus of Metabolic and Hepatic Diseases. Cell Metab 2018; 27:22-41. [PMID: 28867301 PMCID: PMC5762395 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NAFLD is closely linked with hepatic insulin resistance. Accumulation of hepatic diacylglycerol activates PKC-ε, impairing insulin receptor activation and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis. Peripheral insulin resistance indirectly influences hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by increasing flux of substrates that promote lipogenesis (glucose and fatty acids) and gluconeogenesis (glycerol and fatty acid-derived acetyl-CoA, an allosteric activator of pyruvate carboxylase). Weight loss with diet or bariatric surgery effectively treats NAFLD, but drugs specifically approved for NAFLD are not available. Some new pharmacological strategies act broadly to alter energy balance or influence pathways that contribute to NAFLD (e.g., agonists for PPAR γ, PPAR α/δ, FXR and analogs for FGF-21, and GLP-1). Others specifically inhibit key enzymes involved in lipid synthesis (e.g., mitochondrial pyruvate carrier, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and monoacyl- and diacyl-glycerol transferases). Finally, a novel class of liver-targeted mitochondrial uncoupling agents increases hepatocellular energy expenditure, reversing the metabolic and hepatic complications of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varman T Samuel
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang CJ, Song ZL, Goto M, Liu YQ, Hsieh KY, Morris-Natschke SL, Zhao YL, Zhang JX, Lee KH. Design, synthesis, and cytotoxic activity of novel 7-substituted camptothecin derivatives incorporating piperazinyl-sulfonylamidine moieties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3959-3962. [PMID: 28789891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing search for camptothecin (CPT)-derived antitumor drugs, novel 7-substituted CPT derivatives incorporating piperazinyl-sulfonylamidine moieties were designed, synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxicity against five tumor cell lines (A-549, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, KB, and KB-VIN). All of the derivatives showed promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the tested tumor cell lines, and were more potent than irinotecan. Remarkably, most of the compounds exhibited comparable cytotoxicity against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) KB-VIN and parental KB tumor cell lines, while irinotecan lost activity completely against KB-VIN. Especially, compounds 13r and 13p (IC50 0.38 and 0.85μM, respectively) displayed the greatest cytotoxicity against the MDR KB-VIN cell line and merit further development into preclinical and clinical drug candidates for treating cancer, including MDR phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zi-Long Song
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Kan-Yen Hsieh
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Yong-Long Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Jun-Xiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi G, He X, Shang Y, Xiang L, Yang C, Han G, Du B. Synthesis of 3′,4′-Diaryl-4′H-spiro[indoline-3,5′-[1′,2′,4′]oxadiazol]-2-onesviaDMAP-catalyzed Domino Reactions and Their Antibacterial Activity. CHINESE J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
12
|
Lu K, Duan L, Xu B, Yin W, Wu D, Zhao Y, Gong P. Facile synthesis of 3-amino-5-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles via PIDA-mediated intramolecular oxidative cyclization. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08871f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Advantages: ambient condition and simple procedure. Additive and metal free method. Up to 25 examples and 79% yield. Wide functional groups tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Liancheng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Boxuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Weile Yin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Yanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Ping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University)
- Ministry of Education
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Griffith DA, Kung DW, Esler WP, Amor PA, Bagley SW, Beysen C, Carvajal-Gonzalez S, Doran SD, Limberakis C, Mathiowetz AM, McPherson K, Price DA, Ravussin E, Sonnenberg GE, Southers JA, Sweet LJ, Turner SM, Vajdos FF. Decreasing the rate of metabolic ketone reduction in the discovery of a clinical acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor for the treatment of diabetes. J Med Chem 2014; 57:10512-26. [PMID: 25423286 PMCID: PMC4281100 DOI: 10.1021/jm5016022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Acetyl-CoA
carboxylase (ACC) inhibitors offer significant potential
for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hepatic steatosis,
and cancer. However, the identification of tool compounds suitable
to test the hypothesis in human trials has been challenging. An advanced
series of spirocyclic ketone-containing ACC inhibitors recently reported
by Pfizer were metabolized in vivo by ketone reduction, which complicated
human pharmacology projections. We disclose that this metabolic reduction
can be greatly attenuated through introduction of steric hindrance
adjacent to the ketone carbonyl. Incorporation of weakly basic functionality
improved solubility and led to the identification of 9 as a clinical candidate for the treatment of T2DM. Phase I clinical
studies demonstrated dose-proportional increases in exposure, single-dose
inhibition of de novo lipogenesis (DNL), and changes in indirect calorimetry
consistent with increased whole-body fatty acid oxidation. This demonstration
of target engagement validates the use of compound 9 to
evaluate the role of DNL in human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Griffith
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases Research Unit, and ∥Clinical Research Statistics, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bourbeau MP, Bartberger MD. Recent advances in the development of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitors for the treatment of metabolic disease. J Med Chem 2014; 58:525-36. [PMID: 25333641 DOI: 10.1021/jm500695e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitors for the treatment of metabolic disease has been pursued by the pharmaceutical industry for some time. A number of recent disclosures describing potent ACC inhibitors have been reported by multiple research groups. Unlike many prior publications in this area, more recent publications contain a significant amount of in vivo efficacy data generated by long-term experiments in rodent models of metabolic disease. Additionally, one compound has been advanced to human clinical studies. The results from these studies should allow researchers to better gauge the potential utility of ACC inhibition for the treatment of human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Bourbeau
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, and Department of Molecular Structure and Characterization, Amgen, Inc. , 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sánchez-Roselló M, Delgado O, Mateu N, Trabanco AA, Van Gool M, Fustero S. Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2-Phenyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)piperazines as Building Blocks for Drug Discovery. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5887-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500832j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Roselló
- Laboratorio de
Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Delgado
- Neuroscience
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Janssen Research and Development, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Natalia Mateu
- Laboratorio de
Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés A. Trabanco
- Neuroscience
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Janssen Research and Development, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Michiel Van Gool
- Neuroscience
Medicinal Chemistry Department, Janssen Research and Development, E-45007 Toledo, Spain
| | - Santos Fustero
- Laboratorio de
Moléculas Orgánicas, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, E-46012 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain
| |
Collapse
|