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Carzaniga L, Linney ID, Rizzi A, Schmidt W, Knight CK, Mileo V, Amadei F, Pastore F, Miglietta D, Cesari N, Riccardi B, Mazzucato R, Ghidini E, Blackaby WP, Patacchini R, Battipaglia L, Villetti G, Puccini P, Catinella S, Civelli M, Rancati F. Discovery, Multiparametric Optimization, and Solid-State Driven Identification of CHF-6550, a Novel Soft Dual Pharmacology Muscarinic Antagonist and β 2 Agonist (MABA) for the Inhaled Treatment of Respiratory Diseases. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9816-9841. [PMID: 38857426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Clinical guidelines for COPD and asthma recommend inhaled β-adrenergic agonists, muscarinic antagonists, and, for frequent exacerbators, inhaled corticosteroids, with the challenge of combining them into a single device. The MABA (muscarinic antagonist and β2 agonist) concept has the potential to simplify this complexity while increasing the efficacy of both pharmacologies. In this article, we report the outcome of our solid-state driven back-up program that led to the discovery of the MABA compound CHF-6550. A soft drug approach was applied, aiming at high plasma protein binding and high hepatic clearance, concurrently with an early stage assessment of crystallinity through a dedicated experimental workflow. A new chemotype was identified, the diphenyl hydroxyacetic esters, able to generate crystalline material. Among this class, CHF-6550 demonstrated in vivo efficacy, suitability for dry powder inhaler development, favorable pharmacokinetics, and safety in preclinical settings and was selected as a back-up candidate, fulfilling the desired pharmacological and solid-state profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carzaniga
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery Technologies Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Ian D Linney
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Essex United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Rizzi
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery Technologies Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Essex United Kingdom
| | - Christopher K Knight
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Essex United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Mileo
- Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Amadei
- Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Fiorella Pastore
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Miglietta
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Cesari
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Riccardi
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucato
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery Technologies Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ghidini
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery Technologies Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Wesley P Blackaby
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Essex United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Patacchini
- AIR Franchise, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Loredana Battipaglia
- Safety and Toxicology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Puccini
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Catinella
- Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Civelli
- Head of Global Research & Preclinical Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Rancati
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery Technologies Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
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2
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Rafehi M, Möller M, Ismail Al-Khalil W, Stefan SM. Medicinal Polypharmacology in the Clinic - Translating the Polypharmacolome into Therapeutic Benefit. Pharm Res 2024; 41:411-417. [PMID: 38366233 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Drugs with multiple targets, often annotated as 'unselective', 'promiscuous', 'multitarget', or 'polypharmacological', are widely considered in both academic and industrial research as a high risk due to the likelihood of adverse effects. However, retrospective analyses have shown that particularly approved drugs bear rich polypharmacological profiles. This raises the question whether our perception of the specificity paradigm ('one drug-one target concept') is correct - and if specifically multitarget drugs should be developed instead of being rejected. These questions provoke a paradigm shift - regarding the development of polypharmacological drugs not as a 'waste of investment', but acknowledging the existence of a 'lack of investment'. This perspective provides an insight into modern drug development highlighting latest drug candidates that have not been assessed in a broader polypharmacology-based context elsewhere embedded in a historic framework of classical and modern approved multitarget drugs. The article shall be an inspiration to the scientific community to re-consider current standards, and more, to evolve to a better understanding of polypharmacology from a challenge to an opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rafehi
- Department of Medical Education Augsburg, Augsburg University Medicine, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Marius Möller
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wouroud Ismail Al-Khalil
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sven Marcel Stefan
- Medicinal Chemistry and Systems Polypharmacology, Medical Systems Biology Division, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED), University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
- Department of Pathology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4a, Lublin, 20-093, Poland.
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3
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Nieto CT, Manchado A, Belda L, Diez D, Garrido NM. 2-Phenethylamines in Medicinal Chemistry: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020855. [PMID: 36677913 PMCID: PMC9864394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A concise review covering updated presence and role of 2-phenethylamines in medicinal chemistry is presented. Open-chain, flexible alicyclic amine derivatives of this motif are enumerated in key therapeutic targets, listing medicinal chemistry hits and appealing screening compounds. Latest reports in discovering new bioactive 2-phenethylamines by research groups are covered too.
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The Bronchoprotective Effects of Dual Pharmacology, Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist and β 2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Navafenterol in Human Small Airways. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020240. [PMID: 36672178 PMCID: PMC9856842 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents are the mainstream treatments in chronic obstructive and pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. The combination of β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists and muscarinic antagonists shows superior bronchoprotective effects compared to these agents individually. Navafenterol (AZD8871) is a single-molecule, dual pharmacology agent combining muscarinic antagonist and β2AR agonist functions, currently in development as a COPD therapeutic. In precision-cut human lung slices (hPCLS), we investigated the bronchoprotective effect of navafenterol against two non-muscarinic contractile agonists, histamine and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) analog (U46619). Navafenterol pre-treatment significantly attenuated histamine-induced bronchoconstriction and β2AR antagonist propranolol reversed this inhibitory effect. TxA2 analog-induced bronchoconstriction was attenuated by navafenterol pre-treatment, albeit to a lesser magnitude than that of histamine-induced bronchoconstriction. Propranolol completely reversed the inhibitory effect of navafenterol on TxA2 analog-induced bronchoconstriction. In the presence of histamine or TxA2 analog, navafenterol exhibits bronchoprotective effect in human airways and it is primarily mediated by β2AR agonism of navafenterol.
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Köckenberger J, Fischer O, Konopa A, Bergwinkl S, Mühlich S, Gmeiner P, Kutta RJ, Hübner H, Keller M, Heinrich MR. Synthesis, Characterization, and Application of Muscarinergic M 3 Receptor Ligands Linked to Fluorescent Dyes. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16494-16509. [PMID: 36484801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Through the linkage of two muscarinergic M3 receptor ligands to fluorescent tetramethylrhodamine- and cyanine-5-type dyes, two novel tool compounds, OFH5503 and OFH611, have been developed. Based on the suitable binding properties and kinetics related to the M3 subtype, both ligand-dye conjugates were found to be useful tools to determine binding affinities via flow cytometric measurements. In addition, confocal microscopy underlined the comparably low unspecific binding and the applicability for studying M3 receptor expression in cells. Along with the proven usefulness regarding studies on the M3 subtype, the conjugates OFH5503 and OFH611 could, due to their high affinity to the M1 receptor, evolve as even more versatile tools in the field of research on muscarinergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Köckenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Fischer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Konopa
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bergwinkl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Mühlich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roger Jan Kutta
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Keller
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus R Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Carzaniga L, Linney ID, Rizzi A, Delcanale M, Schmidt W, Knight CK, Pastore F, Miglietta D, Carnini C, Cesari N, Riccardi B, Mileo V, Venturi L, Moretti E, Blackaby WP, Patacchini R, Accetta A, Biagetti M, Bassani F, Tondelli M, Murgo A, Battipaglia L, Villetti G, Puccini P, Catinella S, Civelli M, Rancati F. Discovery of Clinical Candidate CHF-6366: A Novel Super-soft Dual Pharmacology Muscarinic Antagonist and β 2 Agonist (MABA) for the Inhaled Treatment of Respiratory Diseases. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10233-10250. [PMID: 35901125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecules embedding two distinct pharmacophores acting as muscarinic antagonists and β2 agonists (MABAs) promises to be an excellent opportunity to reduce formulation issues and boost efficacy through cross-talk and allosteric interactions. Herein, we report the results of our drug discovery campaign aimed at improving the therapeutic index of a previous MABA series by exploiting the super soft-drug concept. The incorporation of a metabolic liability, stable at the site of administration but undergoing rapid systemic metabolism, to generate poorly active and quickly eliminated fragments was pursued. Our SAR studies yielded MABA 29, which demonstrated a balanced in vivo profile up to 24 h, high instability in plasma and the liver, as well as sustained exposure in the lung. In vitro safety and non-GLP toxicity studies supported the nomination of 29 (CHF-6366) as a clinical candidate, attesting to the successful development of a novel super-soft MABA compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carzaniga
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Ian D Linney
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Rizzi
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delcanale
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher K Knight
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Fiorella Pastore
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniela Miglietta
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Carnini
- Project Leader, Corporate Drug Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Cesari
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Riccardi
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Mileo
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Venturi
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisa Moretti
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Wesley P Blackaby
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL Essex, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Patacchini
- Project Leader, Corporate Drug Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Accetta
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo Biagetti
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Franco Bassani
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Marina Tondelli
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Annalisa Murgo
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Loredana Battipaglia
- Safety & Toxicology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Pharmacology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Paola Puccini
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Catinella
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Civelli
- Head of Global Research & Preclinical Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Rancati
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Research Center, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
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Pasqua E, Hamblin N, Edwards C, Baker-Glenn C, Hurley C. Developing inhaled drugs for respiratory diseases: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:134-150. [PMID: 34547449 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the devastating impact of many lung diseases on human health, there is still a significant unmet medical need in respiratory diseases, for which inhaled delivery represents a crucial strategy. More guidance on how to design and carry out multidisciplinary inhaled projects is needed. When designing inhaled drugs, the medicinal chemist must carefully balance the physicochemical properties of the molecule to achieve optimal target engagement in the lung. Although the medicinal chemistry strategy is unique for each project, and will change depending on multiple factors, such as the disease, target, systemic risk, delivery device, and formulation, general guidelines aiding inhaled drug design can be applied and are summarised in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pasqua
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK.
| | - Nicole Hamblin
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK; Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Waldon CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Christine Edwards
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK
| | - Charles Baker-Glenn
- Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Waldon CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Chris Hurley
- Charles River Laboratories, 8-9 Spire Green Centre, Harlow CM19 5TR, UK
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8
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Rancati F, Linney ID, Rizzi A, Delcanale M, Knight CK, Schmidt W, Pastore F, Riccardi B, Mileo V, Carnini C, Cesari N, Blackaby WP, Patacchini R, Carzaniga L. Discovery of a novel class of inhaled dual pharmacology muscarinic antagonist and β 2 agonist (MABA) for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:127975. [PMID: 33753262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The targeting of both the muscarinic and β-adrenergic pathways is a well validated therapeutic approach for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this communication we report our effort to incorporate two pharmacologies into a single chemical entity, whose characteristic must be suitable for a once daily inhaled administration. Contextually, we aimed at a locally acting therapy with limited systemic absorption to minimize side effects. Our lung-tailored design of bifunctional compounds that combine the muscarinic and β-adrenergic pharmacologies by the elaboration of the muscarinic inhibitor 7, successfully led to the potent, pharmacologically balanced muscarinic antagonist and β2 agonist (MABA) 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Rancati
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Ian D Linney
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Rizzi
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delcanale
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Chris K Knight
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Fiorella Pastore
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Riccardi
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Mileo
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Carnini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicola Cesari
- Pharmacokinetics Biochemistry and Metabolism Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Wesley P Blackaby
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Charles River Laboratories, Chesterford Research Park, Saffron Walden, CB10 1XL, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Patacchini
- Project Leader, Corporate Drug Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Carzaniga
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Nuovo Centro Ricerche, Largo Belloli 11/a, 43122 Parma, Italy.
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9
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Lashin WH, Nassar IF, El Farargy AF, Abdelhamid AO. Synthesis of New Furanone Derivatives with Potent Anticancer Activity. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020060163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Hong WP, Shin I, Lim HN. Recent Advances in One-Pot Modular Synthesis of 2-Quinolones. Molecules 2020; 25:E5450. [PMID: 33233747 PMCID: PMC7699938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that 2-quinolones are broadly applicable chemical structures in medicinal and agrochemical research as well as various functional materials. A number of current publications about their synthesis and their applications emphasize the importance of these small molecules. The early synthetic chemistry originated from the same principle of the classical Friedländer and Knorr procedures for the preparation of quinolines. The analogous processes were developed by applying new synthetic tools such as novel catalysts, the microwave irradiation method, etc., whereas recent innovations in new bond forming reactions have allowed for novel strategies to construct the core structures of 2-quinolones beyond the bond disconnections based on two classical reactions. Over the last few decades, some reviews on structure-based, catalyst-based, and bioactivity-based studies have been released. In this focused review, we extensively surveyed recent examples of one-pot reactions, particularly in view of modular approaches. Thus, the contents are categorized as three major sections (two-, three-, and four-component reactions) according to the number of reagents that ultimately compose atoms of the core structures of 2-quinolones. The collected synthetic methods are discussed from the perspectives of strategy, efficiency, selectivity, and reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Pyo Hong
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, 13-13, Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea;
| | - Inji Shin
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Hee Nam Lim
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Therapeutics&Biotechnology Division, 141, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
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11
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Fischer O, Hofmann J, Rampp H, Kaindl J, Pratsch G, Bartuschat A, Taudte RV, Fromm MF, Hübner H, Gmeiner P, Heinrich MR. Regiospecific Introduction of Halogens on the 2-Aminobiphenyl Subunit Leading to Highly Potent and Selective M3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Antagonists and Weak Inverse Agonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4349-4369. [PMID: 32202101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists and inverse agonists displaying high affinity and subtype selectivity over the antitarget M2 are valuable pharmacological tools and may enable improved treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or urinary incontinence. On the basis of known M3 antagonists comprising a piperidine or quinuclidine unit attached to a biphenyl carbamate, 5-fluoro substitution was responsible for M3 subtype selectivity over M2, while 3'-chloro substitution substantially increased affinity through a σ-hole interaction. Resultantly, two piperidinyl- and two quinuclidinium-substituted biphenyl carbamates OFH243 (13n), OFH244 (13m), OFH3911 (14n), and OFH3912 (14m) were discovered, which display two-digit picomolar affinities with Ki values from 0.069 to 0.084 nM, as well as high selectivity over the M2 subtype (46- to 68-fold). While weak inverse agonistic properties were determined for the biphenyl carbamates 13m and 13n, neutral antagonism was observed for 14m and 14n and tiotropium under identical assay conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Fischer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Josefa Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hannelore Rampp
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jonas Kaindl
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerald Pratsch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amelie Bartuschat
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Verena Taudte
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Hübner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus R Heinrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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12
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Park H, Jung HY, Mah S, Kim K, Hong S. Kinase and GPCR polypharmacological approach for the identification of efficient anticancer medicines. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8402-8413. [PMID: 33112339 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01917h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of an anticancer medicine using a single target protein has often been unsuccessful due to the complexity of pathogenic mechanisms as well as the presence of redundant signaling pathways. In this work, we attempted to find promising anticancer drug candidates by simultaneously targeting casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (M3R). Through the structure-based virtual screening and de novo design with the modified potential function for protein-ligand binding, a series of benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazine-2-amine (BITA) derivatives were identified as CK1δ inhibitors and also as M3R antagonists. The biochemical potencies of these bifunctional molecules reached the nanomolar and low-micromolar levels with respect to CK1δ and M3R, respectively. A common interaction feature in the calculated CK1δ-inhibitor and M3R-antagonist complexes is that the BITA moiety is well-stabilized in the orthosteric site of M3R and the hinge region of CK1δ through the establishment of the three hydrogen bonds and the hydrophobic contacts in the vicinity. The computational and experimental results found in this work exemplify the efficiency of kinase and GPCR polypharmacology in developing anticancer medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology & Institute of Anticancer Medicine Development, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoi-Yun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinmee Mah
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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13
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Aparici M, Carcasona C, Ramos I, Montero JL, Otal R, Ortiz JL, Cortijo J, Puig C, Vilella D, De Alba J, Doe C, Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M. Pharmacological Profile of AZD8871 (LAS191351), a Novel Inhaled Dual M 3 Receptor Antagonist/ β 2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Molecule with Long-Lasting Effects and Favorable Safety Profile. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:127-136. [PMID: 31085697 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AZD8871 is a novel muscarinic antagonist and β 2-adrenoceptor agonist in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study describes the pharmacological profile of AZD8871 in in vitro and in vivo assays. AZD8871 is potent at the human M3 receptor (pIC50 in binding assays: 9.5) and shows kinetic selectivity for the M3 (half-life: 4.97 hours) over the M2 receptor (half-life: 0.46 hour). It is selective for the β 2-adrenoceptor over the β 1 and β 3 subtypes (3- and 6-fold, respectively) and shows dual antimuscarinic and β 2-adrenoceptor functional activity in isolated guinea pig tissue (pIC50 in electrically stimulated trachea: 8.6; pEC50 in spontaneous tone isolated trachea: 8.8, respectively), which are sustained over time. AZD8871 exhibits a higher muscarinic component than batefenterol in human bronchi, with a shift in potency under propranolol blockade of 2- and 6-fold, respectively, together with a persisting relaxation (5.3% recovery at 8 hours). Nebulized AZD8871 prevents acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction in both guinea pig and dog with minimal effects on salivation and heart rate at doses with bronchoprotective activity. Moreover, AZD8871 shows long-lasting effects in dog, with a bronchoprotective half-life longer than 24 hours. In conclusion, these studies demonstrate that AZD8871 is a dual-acting molecule with a high muscarinic component and a long residence time at the M3 receptor; moreover, its preclinical profile in animal models suggests a once-daily dosing in humans and a favorable safety profile. Thus, AZD8871 has the potential to be a next generation of inhaled bronchodilators in respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Aparici
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Carla Carcasona
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Israel Ramos
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - José Luís Montero
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Raquel Otal
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - José Luís Ortiz
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Carlos Puig
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Dolors Vilella
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Jorge De Alba
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Chris Doe
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Amadeu Gavaldà
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
| | - Montserrat Miralpeix
- Almirall, Research & Development Center, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (M.A., C.C., I.R., J.L.M., R.O., C.P., D.V., J.D.A., C.D., A.G., M.M.); and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (J.L.O., J.C.)
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14
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Crim C, Watkins ML, Bateman ED, Feldman GJ, Schenkenberger I, Kerwin EM, Crawford C, Pudi K, Ho S, Baidoo C, Castro-Santamaria R. Randomized dose-finding study of batefenterol via dry powder inhaler in patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:615-629. [PMID: 30880951 PMCID: PMC6413745 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s190603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Batefenterol is a novel bifunctional muscarinic antagonist β2-agonist in development for COPD. The primary objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator, Phase IIb study was to model the dose–response of batefenterol and select a dose for Phase III development. Patients and methods Patients aged ≥40 years with COPD and FEV1 ≥30% and ≤70% predicted normal were randomized equally to batefenterol 37.5, 75, 150, 300, or 600 µg, placebo, or umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) 62.5/25 µg once daily. The primary and secondary endpoints were weighted-mean FEV1 over 0–6 hours post-dose and trough FEV1, analyzed by Bayesian and maximum likelihood estimation Emax of dose–response modeling, respectively, on day 42. Results In the intent-to-treat population (N=323), all batefenterol doses demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements from baseline vs placebo in the primary and secondary endpoints (191.1–292.8 and 182.2–244.8 mL, respectively), with a relatively flat dose–response. In the subgroup reversible to salbutamol, there were greater differences between batefenterol doses. Lung function improvements with batefenterol ≥150 µg were comparable with those with UMEC/VI. Batefenterol was well tolerated and no new safety signals were observed. Conclusion Batefenterol 300 µg may represent the optimal dose for Phase III studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Crim
- GSK, Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA,
| | | | - Eric D Bateman
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Edward M Kerwin
- Clinical Trials Division, Crisor LLC, Clinical Research Institute, Medford OR, USA
| | | | - Krishna Pudi
- Upstate Pharmaceutical Research, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Shuyen Ho
- PAREXEL International, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charlotte Baidoo
- GSK, Clinical Statistics, Stockley Park, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
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15
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Ti H, Zhou Y, Liang X, Li R, Ding K, Zhao X. Targeted Treatments for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Using Low-Molecular-Weight Drugs (LMWDs). J Med Chem 2019; 62:5944-5978. [PMID: 30682248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very common and frequently fatal airway disease. Current therapies for COPD depend mainly on long-acting bronchodilators, which cannot target the pathogenic mechanisms of chronic inflammation in COPD. New pharmaceutical therapies for the inflammatory processes of COPD are urgently needed. Several anti-inflammatory targets have been identified based on increased understanding of the pathogenesis of COPD, which raises new hopes for targeted treatment of this fatal respiratory disease. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in bioactive low-molecular-weight drugs (LMWDs) for the treatment of COPD and, in addition to the first-line drug bronchodilators, focus particularly on low-molecular-weight anti-inflammatory agents, including modulators of inflammatory mediators, inflammasome inhibitors, protease inhibitors, antioxidants, PDE4 inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, and other agents. We also provide new insights into targeted COPD treatments using LMWDs, particularly small-molecule agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ti
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , P. R. China.,Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology , Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) , AlbaNova University Center , Stockholm SE-100 44 , Sweden
| | - Xue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510120 , P. R. China
| | - Ke Ding
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Precision Chemical Drug Development, School of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510120 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , P. R. China.,School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, N.T. , Hong Kong SAR 999077 , P. R. China
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16
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Ambery C, Young G, Fuller T, Lazaar AL, Pereira A, Hughes A, Ramsay D, van den Berg F, Daley-Yates P. Pharmacokinetics, Excretion, and Mass Balance of [ 14 C]-Batefenterol Following a Single Microtracer Intravenous Dose (Concomitant to an Inhaled Dose) or Oral Dose of Batefenterol in Healthy Men. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2018; 7:901-910. [PMID: 30230263 PMCID: PMC6282586 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled batefenterol is an investigational bifunctional molecule for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The excretion balance and pharmacokinetics of batefenterol using [14C]‐radiolabeled drug administered orally and as intravenous (IV) infusion were assessed. In this 2‐period, open‐label study, 6 healthy male subjects received a single IV microtracer 1‐hour infusion of 4 μg [14C]‐batefenterol concomitant with inhaled nonradiolabeled batefenterol (1200 μg) followed by oral [14C]‐batefenterol (200 μg) in period 2 after a 14‐day washout. The primary end points included: the area under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to last time of quantifiable concentration (AUC0‐t); maximum observed concentration (Cmax); and time of occurrence of maximum observed concentration. Following IV administration, the geometric mean AUC0‐t of [14C]‐batefenterol was 121.9 pgEq • h/mL; maximum observed concentration and time of occurrence of maximum observed concentration were 92.7 pgEq/mL and 0.8 hours, respectively; absolute oral bioavailability was 0.012%. The mean AUC0‐t ratio indicated that [14C]‐batefenterol accounted for 85% of total circulating radioactivity in the plasma initially and declined rapidly following IV administration, but only ∼0.2% of total circulating radioactivity following oral administration. Cumulative mean recovery of total radioactive [14C]‐batefenterol in urine and feces was 6.31% and 77.6%, respectively. Overall, batefenterol exhibited low systemic bioavailability after inhaled and oral administration, and high fecal excretion and low urinary excretion following IV and oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ambery
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation, GSK, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - Graeme Young
- Bioanalysis, Immunogenicity and Biomarkers (BIB), GSK, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Teresa Fuller
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Aili L Lazaar
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK, R&D, King of Prussia, PA, USA
| | - Adrian Pereira
- Bioanalysis, Immunogenicity and Biomarkers (BIB), GSK, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Adam Hughes
- Bioanalysis, Immunogenicity and Biomarkers (BIB), GSK, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Daley-Yates
- Clinical Development, GSK, Research and Development, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
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17
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Ambery C, Young G, Fuller T, Georgiou A, Ramsay D, Puri A, Daley-Yates P. Open-Label, Crossover Study to Determine the Pharmacokinetics of Fluticasone Furoate and Batefenterol When Administered Alone, in Combination, or Concurrently. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2018; 8:188-197. [PMID: 30070770 PMCID: PMC6585707 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The study aim was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of single high doses and repeated therapeutic doses of fluticasone furoate (FF) and batefenterol (BAT; a bifunctional muscarinic antagonist and β2 -agonist) administered in combination (BAT/FF) or as monotherapy. In this open-label, 6-period, crossover study of 48 subjects, the treatment sequences were (1) single high-dose BAT/FF 900/300 μg followed by repeated therapeutic doses of BAT/FF 300/100 μg (once daily for 7 days); (2) single high-dose BAT 900 μg administered concurrently with FF 300 μg; (3) single high-dose BAT 900 μg followed by repeated therapeutic-dose BAT 300 μg; (4) single high-dose FF 300 μg followed by repeated therapeutic-dose FF 100 μg; (5) single high-dose FF 300 μg (magnesium stearate); and (6) single high-dose FF/vilanterol 300/75 μg. Plasma FF area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) was reduced after single high-dose BAT/FF versus FF alone (ratio of geometric least squares means: 0.79; 90% confidence interval: 0.75-0.83). After repeat dosing, FF AUC at the lower therapeutic dosage was similar for BAT/FF and FF (primary endpoint; AUC geometric least squares means: 1.03). Adverse events were minor, the most common being cough. These data support the feasibility of developing BAT/inhaled corticosteroid triple therapy in a single inhaler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ambery
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling and Simulation (CPMS), GSK, Stockley Park West, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK
| | - Graeme Young
- Bioanalysis, Immunogenicity and Biomarkers (BIB), GSK, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Teresa Fuller
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Alex Georgiou
- Bioanalysis, Immunogenicity and Biomarkers (BIB), GSK, Ware, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Adeep Puri
- Hammersmith Medicines Research Ltd, London, UK
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18
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Ghidini E, Marchini G, Capelli AM, Carnini C, Cenacchi V, Fioni A, Facchinetti F, Rancati F. Novel Pyrrolidine Derivatives of Budesonide as Long Acting Inhaled Corticosteroids for the Treatment of Pulmonary Inflammatory Diseases. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4757-4773. [PMID: 29741897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the first line therapy for the treatment of asthma and are also extensively utilized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our goal was to develop a new ICS with a basic group, which can allow solid state feature modulation, achieving at the same time high local anti-inflammatory effect and low systemic exposure. Through a rational drug design approach, a new series of pyrrolidine derivatives of budesonide was identified. Within the series, several compounds showed nanomolar binding affinity ( Ki) with GR that mostly correlated with the effect in inducing GR nuclear translocation in CHO cells and anti-inflammatory effects in macrophagic cell lines. Binding and functional cell-based assays allowed identifying compound 17 as a potent ICS agonist with a PK profile showing an adequate lung retention and low systemic exposure in vivo. Finally, compound 17 proved to be more potent than budesonide in a rat model of acute pulmonary inflammation.
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19
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Strong P, Ito K, Murray J, Rapeport G. Current approaches to the discovery of novel inhaled medicines. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1705-1717. [PMID: 29775668 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled administration is underutilised because the drug discovery process is viewed as challenging, risky, and expensive. However, unmet medical need continues to grow, and significant opportunities exist to discover novel inhaled medicines delivering the required lung concentrations while minimising systemic exposure. This profile could be achieved by a combination of properties, including lung retention and low oral bioavailability. Property-based rules exist for orally administered compounds, but there has been limited progress defining in silico predictors to guide the discovery of novel inhaled drugs. Recently, the use of informative cell- and tissue-based screens has greatly facilitated the identification of compounds with optimal characteristics for inhaled delivery. Here, we address opportunities for novel inhaled drugs, and the key challenges and uncertainties hampering progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Strong
- Pulmocide Ltd, 52 Princes Gate, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2 PG, UK
| | - Kazuhiro Ito
- Pulmocide Ltd, 52 Princes Gate, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2 PG, UK
| | - John Murray
- Pulmocide Ltd, 52 Princes Gate, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2 PG, UK
| | - Garth Rapeport
- Pulmocide Ltd, 52 Princes Gate, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2 PG, UK.
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20
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Hendrickx R, Lamm Bergström E, Janzén DLI, Fridén M, Eriksson U, Grime K, Ferguson D. Translational model to predict pulmonary pharmacokinetics and efficacy in man for inhaled bronchodilators. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 7:147-157. [PMID: 29280349 PMCID: PMC5869554 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Translational pharmacokinetic (PK) models are needed to describe and predict drug concentration‐time profiles in lung tissue at the site of action to enable animal‐to‐man translation and prediction of efficacy in humans for inhaled medicines. Current pulmonary PK models are generally descriptive rather than predictive, drug/compound specific, and fail to show successful cross‐species translation. The objective of this work was to develop a robust compartmental modeling approach that captures key features of lung and systemic PK after pulmonary administration of a set of 12 soluble drugs containing single basic, dibasic, or cationic functional groups. The model is shown to allow translation between animal species and predicts drug concentrations in human lungs that correlate with the forced expiratory volume for different classes of bronchodilators. Thus, the pulmonary modeling approach has potential to be a key component in the prediction of human PK, efficacy, and safety for future inhaled medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Hendrickx
- DMPK, Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Lamm Bergström
- DMPK, Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David L I Janzén
- DMPK, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Markus Fridén
- DMPK, Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ken Grime
- DMPK, Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Douglas Ferguson
- DMPK, Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Wu YC, Luo SH, Mei WJ, Cao L, Wu HQ, Wang ZY. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-biphenylamino-5-halo-2( 5H )-furanones as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Aparici M, Carcasona C, Ramos I, Montero JL, Ortiz JL, Cortijo J, Puig C, Vilella D, Doe C, Gavaldà A, Miralpeix M. Pharmacological preclinical characterization of LAS190792, a novel inhaled bifunctional muscarinic receptor antagonist /β 2 -adrenoceptor agonist (MABA) molecule. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 46:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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23
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Jiang L, Beattie DT, Jacobsen JR, Kintz S, Obedencio GP, Saito D, Stergiades I, Vickery RG, Long DD. Discovery of N -substituted- endo -3-(8-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl)-phenol and -phenyl carboxamide series of μ-opioid receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2926-2930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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24
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Joshi T, Yan D, Hamed O, Tannheimer SL, Phillips GB, Wright CD, Kim M, Salmon M, Newton R, Giembycz MA. GS-5759, a Bifunctional β2-Adrenoceptor Agonist and Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with a Unique Mode of Action: Effects on Gene Expression in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 360:324-340. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.237743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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25
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Montuschi P, Malerba M, Macis G, Mores N, Santini G. Triple inhaled therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1820-1827. [PMID: 27452453 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Combining individual drugs in a single inhaler is the most convenient way to deliver triple therapy. A long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) added to an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) fixed-dose combination (FDC) can improve efficacy of pharmacological treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). New inhaled ICS/LABA/LAMA FDCs, including fluticasone furoate/vilanterol/umeclidinium, budesonide/formoterol/glycopyrronium and beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium, are in Phase III of clinical development for COPD. Triple inhaled therapy might be particularly useful in patients with severe to very severe COPD, above all in those with peripheral blood or sputum eosinophilia, asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) or frequent exacerbators. Future prospective studies should assess efficacy and safety of triple ICS/LABA/LAMA therapy in selected COPD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Montuschi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Malerba
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Macis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Mores
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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26
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Wagner AJ, Miller SM, King RP, Rychnovsky SD. Nanomole-Scale Assignment and One-Use Kits for Determining the Absolute Configuration of Secondary Alcohols. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6253-65. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Shawn M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Ryan P. King
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Scott D. Rychnovsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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27
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Castillo JC, Orrego-Hernández J, Portilla J. Cs2CO3-Promoted DirectN-Alkylation: Highly Chemoselective Synthesis ofN-Alkylated Benzylamines and Anilines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Departamento de Química; Universidad de los Andes; Carrera 1 N° 18A-12 Bogotá Colombia
| | | | - Jaime Portilla
- Departamento de Química; Universidad de los Andes; Carrera 1 N° 18A-12 Bogotá Colombia
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28
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Ambery C, Riddell K, Daley-Yates P. Open-Label, Randomized, 6-Way Crossover, Single-Dose Study to Determine the Pharmacokinetics of Batefenterol (GSK961081) and Fluticasone Furoate When Administered Alone or in Combination. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2016; 5:399-407. [DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Ambery
- Quantitative Sciences Division, GSK; Stockley Park West; Uxbridge Middlesex UK
| | | | - Peter Daley-Yates
- Clinical Pharmacology; GSK, Research and Development; Uxbridge Middlesex UK
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29
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Jones LH, Burrows J, Feeder N, Glossop P, James K, Jones RM, Kenyon AS, Patel S, Roberts DF, Selby MD, Strang RS, Stuart EF, Trevethick MA, Watson J, Wright KN, Clarke N. Molecular hybridization yields triazole bronchodilators for the treatment of COPD. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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