1
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Song B, Gao P, Hu B, Zhang C. Electrochemical Oxidative Sulfonylation-Azidation of Alkenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6951-6959. [PMID: 38662799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical oxidative sulfonylation-azidation of alkenes is accomplished by using sulfonyl hydrazide and trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3) for the one-pot and green synthesis of β-azidoarylsulfone, which involves the direct construction of new C-S and C-N bonds. Notably, neither exogenous oxidants/additives nor metal catalysts are required for this method. In addition, this electrochemical strategy features mild conditions and wide substrate scope and has been proved to be a radical pathway by mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Pengxiang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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2
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Goettig P, Koch NG, Budisa N. Non-Canonical Amino Acids in Analyses of Protease Structure and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14035. [PMID: 37762340 PMCID: PMC10531186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
All known organisms encode 20 canonical amino acids by base triplets in the genetic code. The cellular translational machinery produces proteins consisting mainly of these amino acids. Several hundred natural amino acids serve important functions in metabolism, as scaffold molecules, and in signal transduction. New side chains are generated mainly by post-translational modifications, while others have altered backbones, such as the β- or γ-amino acids, or they undergo stereochemical inversion, e.g., in the case of D-amino acids. In addition, the number of non-canonical amino acids has further increased by chemical syntheses. Since many of these non-canonical amino acids confer resistance to proteolytic degradation, they are potential protease inhibitors and tools for specificity profiling studies in substrate optimization and enzyme inhibition. Other applications include in vitro and in vivo studies of enzyme kinetics, molecular interactions and bioimaging, to name a few. Amino acids with bio-orthogonal labels are particularly attractive, enabling various cross-link and click reactions for structure-functional studies. Here, we cover the latest developments in protease research with non-canonical amino acids, which opens up a great potential, e.g., for novel prodrugs activated by proteases or for other pharmaceutical compounds, some of which have already reached the clinical trial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Goettig
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Nikolaj G. Koch
- Biocatalysis Group, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
- Bioanalytics Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Nediljko Budisa
- Bioanalytics Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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3
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Tunc H, Dogan B, Darendeli Kiraz BN, Sari M, Durdagi S, Kotil S. Prediction of HIV-1 protease resistance using genotypic, phenotypic, and molecular information with artificial neural networks. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14987. [PMID: 36967989 PMCID: PMC10038082 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a primary barrier to effective treatments of HIV/AIDS. Calculating quantitative relations between genotype and phenotype observations for each inhibitor with cell-based assays requires time and money-consuming experiments. Machine learning models are good options for tackling these problems by generalizing the available data with suitable linear or nonlinear mappings. The main aim of this study is to construct drug isolate fold (DIF) change-based artificial neural network (ANN) models for estimating the resistance potential of molecules inhibiting the HIV-1 protease (PR) enzyme. Throughout the study, seven of eight protease inhibitors (PIs) have been included in the training set and the remaining ones in the test set. We have obtained 11,803 genotype-phenotype data points for eight PIs from Stanford HIV drug resistance database. Using the leave-one-out (LVO) procedure, eight ANN models have been produced to measure the learning capacity of models from the descriptors of the inhibitors. Mean R2 value of eight ANN models for unseen inhibitors is 0.716, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) is [0.592-0.840]. Predicting the fold change resistance for hundreds of isolates allowed a robust comparison of drug pairs. These eight models have predicted the drug resistance tendencies of each inhibitor pair with the mean 2D correlation coefficient of 0.933 and 95% CI [0.930-0.938]. A classification problem has been created to predict the ordered relationship of the PIs, and the mean accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) values are calculated as 0.954, 0.791, 0.791, and 0.688, respectively. Furthermore, we have created an external test dataset consisting of 51 unique known HIV-1 PR inhibitors and 87 genotype-phenotype relations. Our developed ANN model has accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.749 and 0.818 to predict the ordered relationships of molecules on the same strain for the external dataset. The currently derived ANN models can accurately predict the drug resistance tendencies of PI pairs. This observation could help test new inhibitors with various isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Tunc
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berna Dogan
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Nur Darendeli Kiraz
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Sari
- Department of Mathematics Engineering, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyfullah Kotil
- Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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Sustainable functionalization and modification of materials via multicomponent reactions in water. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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5
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Zhang J, Wu J, Chang X, Wang P, Xia J, Wu J. An iron-catalyzed multicomponent reaction of cycloketone oxime esters, alkenes, DABCO·(SO2)2 and trimethylsilyl azide. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01842f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of β-azidosulfones starting from alkenes, cycloketone oxime esters, trimethylsilyl azide and a sulfur dioxide surrogate of DABCO·(SO2)2 under iron catalysis is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junwei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Chang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiemin Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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6
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Skwarecki AS, Nowak MG, Milewska MJ. Amino Acid and Peptide-Based Antiviral Agents. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3106-3135. [PMID: 34254457 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of antiviral agents used in clinical practice are amino acids, short peptides, or peptidomimetics. Among them, several HIV protease inhibitors (e. g. lopinavir, atazanavir), HCV protease inhibitors (e. g. grazoprevir, glecaprevir), and HCV NS5A protein inhibitors have contributed to a significant decrease in mortality from AIDS and hepatitis. However, there is an ongoing need for the discovery of new antiviral agents and the development of existing drugs; amino acids, both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic in nature, serve as convenient building blocks for this purpose. The synthesis of non-proteinogenic amino acid components of antiviral agents could be challenging due to the need for enantiomerically or diastereomerically pure products. Herein, we present a concise review of antiviral agents whose structures are based on amino acids of both natural and unnatural origin. Special attention is paid to the synthetic aspects of non-proteinogenic amino acid components of those agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej S Skwarecki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry and BioTechMed Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał G Nowak
- Department of Organic Chemistry and BioTechMed Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and BioTechMed Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
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7
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Jumbam ND, Masamba W. Bio-Catalysis in Multicomponent Reactions. Molecules 2020; 25:E5935. [PMID: 33333902 PMCID: PMC7765341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme catalysis is a very active research area in organic chemistry, because biocatalysts are compatible with and can be adjusted to many reaction conditions, as well as substrates. Their integration in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) allows for simple protocols to be implemented in the diversity-oriented synthesis of complex molecules in chemo-, regio-, stereoselective or even specific modes without the need for the protection/deprotection of functional groups. The application of bio-catalysis in MCRs is therefore a welcome and logical development and is emerging as a unique tool in drug development and discovery, as well as in combinatorial chemistry and related areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wayiza Masamba
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, Mthatha 5117, South Africa;
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8
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Kapil S, Sharma V. d-Amino acids in antimicrobial peptides: a potential approach to treat and combat antimicrobial resistance. Can J Microbiol 2020; 67:119-137. [PMID: 32783775 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2020-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the leading challenges in the human healthcare segment. Advances in antimicrobial resistance have triggered exploration of natural alternatives to stabilize its seriousness. Antimicrobial peptides are small, positively charged oligopeptides that are as potent as commercially available antibiotics against a wide spectrum of organisms, such as Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, and fungal strains. In addition to their antibiotic capabilities, these peptides possess anticancer activity, activate the immune response, and regulate inflammation. Peptides have distinct modes of action and fall into various categories due to their amino acid composition. Although antimicrobial peptides specifically target the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, they can also target the cell nucleus and protein synthesis. Owing to the increasing demand for novel treatments against the threat of antimicrobial resistance, naturally synthesized peptides are a beneficial development concept. Antimicrobial peptides are pervasive and can easily be modified using de-novo synthesis technology. Antimicrobial peptides can be isolated from natural resources such as humans, plants, bacteria, and fungi. This review gives a brief overview of antimicrobial peptides and their diastereomeric composition. Other current trends, the future scope of antimicrobial peptides, and the role of d-amino acids are also discussed, with a specific emphasis on the design and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kapil
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab 140413, India.,University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Vipasha Sharma
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab 140413, India.,University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan Mohali, Punjab 140413, India
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9
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Li X, Zheng L, Li N, Chang H, Gao W, Wei W, Chen W. Catalyst‐Free and Selective Ring Openings of
N
‐Tosylaziridines: Good Approaches to β‐Amino Sulfones, β‐Bis(amino)thioethers, 1,2‐Azide Amines and 1,2‐Diamines. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Leijie Zheng
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Li
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Chang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchao Gao
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTaiyuan University of Technology 79 West Yingze Street Taiyuan 030024 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Material ScienceShanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 China
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10
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Grishin DV, Zhdanov DD, Pokrovskaya MV, Sokolov NN. D-amino acids in nature, agriculture and biomedicine. ALL LIFE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/21553769.2019.1622596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. D. Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Zumbrägel N, Gröger H. One-pot synthesis of a 3-thiazolidine through combination of an Asinger-type multi-component-condensation reaction with an enzymatic imine reduction. J Biotechnol 2019; 291:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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12
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Zumbrägel N, Wagner K, Weißing N, Gröger H. Biocatalytic Reduction of 2‐Monosubstituted 3‐Thiazolines Using Imine Reductases. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Zumbrägel
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Karla Wagner
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Nils Weißing
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of ChemistryBielefeld University Universitätsstrasse 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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13
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Enantioselective reduction of sulfur-containing cyclic imines through biocatalysis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1949. [PMID: 29769523 PMCID: PMC5955971 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3-thiazolidine ring represents an important structural motif in life sciences molecules. However, up to now reduction of 3-thiazolines as an attractive approach failed by means of nearly all chemical reduction technologies for imines. Thus, the development of an efficient general and enantioselective synthetic technology giving access to a range of such heterocycles remained a challenge. Here we present a method enabling the reduction of 3-thiazolines with high conversion and high to excellent enantioselectivity (at least 96% and up to 99% enantiomeric excess). This technology is based on the use of imine reductases as catalysts, has a broad substrate range, and is also applied successfully to other sulfur-containing heterocyclic imines such as 2H-1,4-benzothiazines. Moreover the effiency of this biocatalytic technology platform is demonstrated in an initial process development leading to 99% conversion and 99% enantiomeric excess at a substrate loading of 18 g/L in the presence of designer cells. The 3-thiazolidine ring, a pharmaceutically interesting cyclic structural element found e.g. in some antibiotics, is hard to obtain via currently used approaches. Here, the authors developed a straightforward method to efficiently synthesize a variety of defined, pure 3-thiazolidines.
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14
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Naveen N, Sengupta S, Chandrasekaran S. Metal-Free S-Arylation of Cysteine Using Arenediazonium Salts. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3562-3569. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Naganaboina Naveen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka India 560012
| | - Saumitra Sengupta
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka India 560012
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15
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Tamamura H, Kobayakawa T, Ohashi N. Introduction to Mid-size Drugs and Peptidomimetics. MID-SIZE DRUGS BASED ON PEPTIDES AND PEPTIDOMIMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7691-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Ghosh AK, Osswald HL, Prato G. Recent Progress in the Development of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of HIV/AIDS. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5172-208. [PMID: 26799988 PMCID: PMC5598487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 protease inhibitors continue to play an important role in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, transforming this deadly ailment into a more manageable chronic infection. Over the years, intensive research has led to a variety of approved protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. In this review, we outline current drug design and medicinal chemistry efforts toward the development of next-generation protease inhibitors beyond the currently approved drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Heather L. Osswald
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Gary Prato
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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17
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Gholizadeh A. Interaction of L-amino Acids with the Fusion Structures of a Cysteine Proteinase/Cystatin Pair. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381602006x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Shavnya A, Hesp KD, Mascitti V, Smith AC. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of (Hetero)Aryl Alkyl Sulfones from (Hetero)Aryl Boronic Acids, Unactivated Alkyl Halides, and Potassium Metabisulfite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Shavnya A, Hesp KD, Mascitti V, Smith AC. Palladium-Catalyzed Synthesis of (Hetero)Aryl Alkyl Sulfones from (Hetero)Aryl Boronic Acids, Unactivated Alkyl Halides, and Potassium Metabisulfite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13571-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Gholizadeh A. Differential effects of D-amino acids on the fusion forms of a cysteine proteinase/cystatin pair. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683815030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Kröger D, Schlüter T, Fischer M, Geibel I, Martens J. Three-component reaction toward polyannulated quinazolinones, benzoxazinones, and benzothiazinones. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2015; 17:202-7. [PMID: 25625884 DOI: 10.1021/co500165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient conversion of readily accessible cyclic imines with acid chlorides, that are able to take part in nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions is realized in a new three-component, one-pot reaction, giving at least tricyclic annulated quinazolinones, benzoxazinones, and benzothiazinones as a result of the employed nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur nucleophiles, respectively. Especially in the case of quinazolinones, this convenient strategy enables the access to heterocycles of heightened diversity, which offer the development of efficient derivatizations of the elaborated heterocyclic scaffolds. In a subsequent Heck or Ullmann cyclization, further annulations to the mentioned quinazolinones can be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kröger
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Fakultät für Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9−11, 26129 Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - Torben Schlüter
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Fakultät für Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9−11, 26129 Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - Malte Fischer
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Fakultät für Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9−11, 26129 Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - Irina Geibel
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Fakultät für Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9−11, 26129 Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - Jürgen Martens
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Fakultät für Mathematik
und Naturwissenschaften Institut für Chemie Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9−11, 26129 Oldenburg, Deutschland
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22
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Anderson JC, Campbell IB, Campos S, Shannon J. Diastereoselective synthesis of β-aminosulfones from the 1,2-addition to N-(para-methoxyphenyl) imines. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Li Y, Li D, Zheng T, Li H, Ren X. Double-addition reaction of aryl methyl sulfones with N-tert-butylsulfinyl imines: diastereoselective and concise synthesis of 2-sulfonylated 1,3-diamines. Chemistry 2014; 20:14986-90. [PMID: 25288374 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report a double-addition reaction of methyl phenyl sulfone and methyl 2-pyridyl sulfone with N-tert-butylsulfinyl imines. This method provides concise access to 2-sulfonylated 1,3-anti diamines with good to excellent diastereoselectivities. This protocol has the benefit of using readily accessible starting materials and is operationally simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, 201620, Fax: (+86) 21-67791214.
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Huang H, Li Y, Chu J. (R)-N-[(R)-2,2-Di-chloro-1-phenyl-2-(phenyl-sulfon-yl)eth-yl]-2-methyl-propane-2-sulfinamide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:o119. [PMID: 24764848 PMCID: PMC3998287 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813034909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title mol-ecule, C18H21Cl2NO3S2, contains one chiral carbon center and the absolute sterochemistry has been confirmed as as R. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs and the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 64.5 (1)°. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a zigzag chain structure extending along the c-axis direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiji Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingming Chu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Li Y, Huang H, Wang Z, Yang F, Li D, Qin B, Ren X. Stereoselective synthesis of C-sulfonylated aziridines from halomethyl phenyl sulfone and N-tert-butanesulfinyl imines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Chawla R, Singh AK, Yadav LDS. Highly regioselective ring-opening of aziridines with arenesulfinates on water: a facile access to β-amino/vinyl sulfones. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hamada Y, Kiso Y. The application of bioisosteres in drug design for novel drug discovery: focusing on acid protease inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:903-22. [PMID: 22873630 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.712513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A bioisostere is a powerful concept for medicinal chemistry. It allows the improvement of the stability; oral absorption; membrane permeability; and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of drug candidate, while retaining their biological properties. The term 'bioisostere' is derived from 'isostere', whose physical and chemical properties, such as steric size, hydrophobicity, and electronegativity, are similar to those of a functional or atomic group, and is considered to possess biological properties. Here, the authors highlight the recent applications of bioisosteres in drug design, mainly based on our drug discovery studies. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the application of bioisosteres for novel drug discovery with focus on the authors' drug discovery studies such as renin, HIV-protease, and β-secretase inhibitors. The authors highlight that some bioisosteres can form the scaffolding for drug candidates, namely substrate transition state, amide/ester, and carboxylic acid bioisosteres. Moreover, the authors propose the new terms 'electron-donor bioisostere' and 'conformational bioisostere' for drug discovery. EXPERT OPINION The authors discuss the importance of bioisostere's design concept based on specific interaction with the corresponding biomolecule. In addition, some strategies for drug discovery based on the bioisostere concept are introduced. Many bioisosteres, which are recognized by corresponding target biomolecules as exhibiting similar biological properties, have been reported to date; most of the recently developed bioisosteres were designed by cheminformatics approaches. Some molecular design softwares and databases are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Hamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kobe Gakuin University, Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
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28
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Noel A, Delpech B, Crich D. Comparison of the reactivity of β-thiolactones and β-lactones toward ring-opening by thiols and amines. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6480-3. [PMID: 22751994 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25640a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An investigation into the comparative reactivity of simple β-lactones and β-thiolactones toward a thiol and a primary amine is reported. A simple 3-mercaptomethyl-2-oxetanone is found to undergo rearrangement in the presence of aqueous base to give the corresponding thietane-3-carboxylic acid rather than the 3-hydroxymethyl-2-thietanone. Implications for the use of β-thiolactones in bioorganic and medicinal chemistry are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Noel
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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29
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Uhlig N, Li CJ. Site-Specific Modification of Amino Acids and Peptides by Aldehyde–Alkyne–Amine Coupling under Ambient Aqueous Conditions. Org Lett 2012; 14:3000-3. [PMID: 22646971 DOI: 10.1021/ol301017q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Uhlig
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A0B8, Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A0B8, Canada
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30
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Friedman M, Levin CE. Nutritional and medicinal aspects of D-amino acids. Amino Acids 2011; 42:1553-82. [PMID: 21519915 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews and interprets a method for determining the nutritional value of D-amino acids, D-peptides, and amino acid derivatives using a growth assay in mice fed a synthetic all-amino acid diet. A large number of experiments were carried out in which a molar equivalent of the test compound replaced a nutritionally essential amino acid such as L-lysine (L-Lys), L-methionine (L-Met), L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), and L-tryptophan (L-Trp) as well as the semi-essential amino acids L-cysteine (L-Cys) and L-tyrosine (L-Tyr). The results show wide-ranging variations in the biological utilization of test substances. The method is generally applicable to the determination of the biological utilization and safety of any amino acid derivative as a potential nutritional source of the corresponding L-amino acid. Because the organism is forced to use the D-amino acid or amino acid derivative as the sole source of the essential or semi-essential amino acid being replaced, and because a free amino acid diet allows better control of composition, the use of all-amino-acid diets for such determinations may be preferable to protein-based diets. Also covered are brief summaries of the widely scattered literature on dietary and pharmacological aspects of 27 individual D-amino acids, D-peptides, and isomeric amino acid derivatives and suggested research needs in each of these areas. The described results provide a valuable record and resource for further progress on the multifaceted aspects of D-amino acids in food and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
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31
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Kale SS, Chavan ST, Sabharwal SG, Puranik VG, Sanjayan GJ. Bicyclic amino acid-carbohydrate-conjugates as conformationally restricted hydroxyethylamine (HEA) transition-state isosteres. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7300-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Zhang H, Li Y, Xu W, Zheng W, Zhou P, Sun Z. Practical and stereoselective synthesis of β-amino sulfones from alkyl phenyl sulfones and N-(tert-butylsulfinyl) aldimines. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6502-5. [PMID: 21858348 DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Morán-Ramallal R, Liz R, Gotor V. Enantiopure trans-3-Arylaziridine-2-carboxamides: Preparation by Bacterial Hydrolysis and Ring-Openings toward Enantiopure, Unnatural d-α-Amino Acids. J Org Chem 2010; 75:6614-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101377j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Morán-Ramallal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón Liz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica and Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Jochim AL, Miller SE, Angelo NG, Arora PS. Evaluation of triazolamers as active site inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6023-6. [PMID: 19800230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Proteases typically recognize their peptide substrates in extended conformations. General approaches for designing protease inhibitors often consist of peptidomimetics that feature this conformation. Herein we discuss a combination of computational and experimental studies to evaluate the potential of triazole-linked beta-strand mimetics as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Jochim
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA
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