1
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Kayastha N, Dutta D, Chutia K, Das B, Gogoi P. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of 3-Substituted-1 H-Indazoles: A Pd-Catalyzed Double C-N Bond Formation Strategy via 1,6-Conjugate Addition. J Org Chem 2024; 89:402-413. [PMID: 38064714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed cascade process for the direct synthesis of 3-substituted-1H-indazole employing p-quinone methide (p-QM) and arylhydrazine through Pd-catalyzed double C-N bond formation via 1,6-conjugate addition is reported. This reaction strategy affords efficient and practical access to synthetically important diverse 3-substituted-1H-indazoles in good yields. The photophysical properties of the synthesized 3-substituted-1H-indazoles are investigated, and some of them showed very good fluorescence properties with quantum yields up to 85%. Also, the synthesized 3-substituted-1H-indazole exhibits an acid-sensitive fluorescence turn-off activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasib Kayastha
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dhiraj Dutta
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kangkana Chutia
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Babulal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Pranjal Gogoi
- Applied Organic Chemistry Group, Chemical Science and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Wang X, Wang T, Fan X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Li Z. A Molecular Toolbox of Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for General Anesthesia Mechanism Research. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6463-6497. [PMID: 37145921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With appropriate radiotracers, positron emission tomography (PET) allows direct or indirect monitoring of the spatial and temporal distribution of anesthetics, neurotransmitters, and biomarkers, making it an indispensable tool for studying the general anesthesia mechanism. In this Perspective, PET tracers that have been recruited in general anesthesia research are introduced in the following order: 1) 11C/18F-labeled anesthetics, i.e., PET tracers made from inhaled and intravenous anesthetics; 2) PET tracers targeting anesthesia-related receptors, e.g., neurotransmitters and voltage-gated ion channels; and 3) PET tracers for studying anesthesia-related neurophysiological effects and neurotoxicity. The radiosynthesis, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of the above PET tracers are mainly discussed to provide a practical molecular toolbox for radiochemists, anesthesiologists, and those who are interested in general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaowei Fan
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zijing Li
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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3
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Kumar P, Singh P, Saren S, Sayala J, Sivakumar S, Patra AK. Quaternary Ru(II) complexes of terpyridines, saccharin and 1,2-azoles: effect of substituents on molecular structure, speciation, photoactivity, and photocytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18416-18437. [PMID: 36416455 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02203f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Six photoactive ruthenium quaternary complexes (a four-component system consisting of three different N-donor ligands and Ru(II)): trans-[Ru(R-tpy)(pyz/ind)(sac)2] (1-6) containing substituted terpyridine (R-tpy), saccharin (sac), and monodentate N-donor heterocycles were designed. Here, R-tpy = 4'-(2-furyl (1, 2); thienyl (3, 4); pyridyl (5, 6))-2,2':6',2'' terpyridines, pyz = 1H-pyrazole for 1, 3 and 5 and ind = 1H-indazole for 2, 4 and 6. The azoles are present in a large number of FDA-approved clinical drugs and bioactive molecules. The saccharin acting as a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CA-IX) could potentially target aggressive hypoxic tumors that overexpress CA-IX. Such multi-functional ligands bound to a Ru(II)-photocage provide ample scope to tune the electronic structures, photochemistry, and synergistic effect of the photolabile ligands in photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT). The complexes were characterized using various spectroscopic studies, and the molecular structures were determined from X-ray crystallography. They exhibit a distorted octahedral {RuN6} geometry with equatorial sites coordinated to the tridentate N3-donor R-tpy and N-donor pyz/ind, while two transoidal axial sites bound to the N-donor saccharinate (sac) ligands. The solvolysis kinetics showed these complexes undergo facile ligand-exchange reactions in equilibrium with varying rates reflecting the possible electronic effect of the R-groups in R-tpy. The photoreactivity of the complexes in green (λex = 530 nm) LED light indicates that the complexes undergo photodissociation of the monodentate N-donors (i.e., sac/pyz/ind) and showed an efficient generation of singlet oxygen (Φ1O2 = 0.29-0.47), signifying the potential of these complexes in PACT and/or PDT. All the complexes show good binding affinity with CT-DNA with possible intercalation from extended planar polypyridyl ligands with duplex DNA and BSA. The synchronous fluorescence study with BSA suggested preferential interaction at the tryptophan residue in the protein microenvironment. The confocal microscopy studies showed adequate permeability and localization in the cytosol and nucleus of cervical cancer (HeLa) and breast cancer (MCF7) cells. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of the complexes for both HeLa and MCF7 cells increases upon low-energy (365 nm) photoirradiation. The mechanistic studies revealed that the complexes induce apoptosis and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon green light (λex = 530 nm) irradiation. Overall, these quaternary Ru(II) complexes equipped with three different types of ligands with distinct roles could pave the way for designing multi-targeted chemotherapeutic metallodrugs with synergistic roles for each bioactive ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyaranjan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Prerana Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sanjoy Saren
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Juhi Sayala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Sri Sivakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashis K Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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4
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Uppulapu SK, Alam MJ, Kumar S, Banerjee SK. Indazole and its Derivatives in Cardiovascular Diseases: Overview, Current Scenario, and Future Perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1177-1188. [PMID: 34906057 PMCID: PMC10782885 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211214151534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with a bicyclic ring structure composed of a pyrazole ring and a benzene ring. Indazole-containing compounds with various functional groups have important pharmacological activities and can be used as structural motifs in designing novel drug molecules. Some of the indazole-containing molecules are approved by FDA and are already in the market. However, very few drugs with indazole rings have been developed against cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the structural and pharmacological functions of indazole derivatives which have shown efficacy against cardiovascular pathologies in experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Kumar Uppulapu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Md. Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
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5
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Synthesis of the Guanidine Derivative: N-{[(7-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(p-tolyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene)amino](phenylamino)methylene}benzamide. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanidine derivative N-{[(7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(p-tolyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene)amino](phenylamino)methylene}benzamide (3) has been obtained by the reaction of one measure of N-{[7-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(p-tolyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-imidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazol-3(5H)-ylidene]carbamothioyl}benzamide (2) with one measure of aniline in the presence of mercury(II) chloride and triethylamine in anhydrous dimethylformamide. The structure of product 3 was confirmed by 1H and 13C-NMR, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.
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6
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Alluri SR, Kim SW, Volkow ND, Kil KE. PET Radiotracers for CNS-Adrenergic Receptors: Developments and Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25174017. [PMID: 32899124 PMCID: PMC7504810 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) play diverse roles in our body’s physiology. In addition to their role in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), E/NE systems including their receptors are critical to the central nervous system (CNS) and to mental health. Various antipsychotics, antidepressants, and psychostimulants exert their influence partially through different subtypes of adrenergic receptors (ARs). Despite the potential of pharmacological applications and long history of research related to E/NE systems, research efforts to identify the roles of ARs in the human brain taking advantage of imaging have been limited by the lack of subtype specific ligands for ARs and brain penetrability issues. This review provides an overview of the development of positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers for in vivo imaging of AR system in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Reddy Alluri
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-5110, USA;
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA;
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA;
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013, USA
- Correspondence: (N.D.V.); (K.-E.K.); Tel.: +1-(301)-443-6480 (N.D.V.); +1-(573)-884-7885 (K.-E.K.)
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-5110, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence: (N.D.V.); (K.-E.K.); Tel.: +1-(301)-443-6480 (N.D.V.); +1-(573)-884-7885 (K.-E.K.)
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7
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Krzyczmonik A, Keller T, López-Picón FR, Forsback S, Kirjavainen AK, Takkinen JS, Wasilewska A, Scheinin M, Haaparanta-Solin M, Sączewski F, Solin O. Radiosynthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of an α 2A-Adrenoceptor Tracer Candidate, 6-[ 18F]Fluoro-marsanidine. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:879-887. [PMID: 30710261 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The α2-adrenoceptors mediate many effects of norepinephrine and epinephrine, and participate in the regulation of neuronal, endocrine, cardiovascular, vegetative, and metabolic functions. Of the three receptor subtypes, only α2A and α2C are found in the brain in significant amounts. Subtype-selective positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of α2-adrenoceptors has been limited to the α2C subtype. Here, we report the synthesis of 6-[18F]fluoro-marsanidine, a subtype-selective PET tracer candidate for α2A-adrenoceptors, and its preclinical evaluation in rats and mice. PROCEDURES 6-[18F]Fluoro-marsanidine was synthesized using electrophilic F-18 fluorination with [18F]Selectfluor bis(triflate). The tracer was evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats and in α2A-knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice for subtype selectivity. In vivo PET imaging and ex vivo brain autoradiography were performed to determine the tracer distribution in the brain. The specificity of the tracer for the target was determined by pretreatment with the subtype-non-selective α2-agonist medetomidine. The peripheral biodistribution and extent of metabolism of 6-[18F]fluoro-marsanidine were also analyzed. RESULTS 6-[18F]Fluoro-marsanidine was synthesized with [18F]Selectfluor bis(triflate) in a radiochemical yield of 6.4 ± 1.7 %. The molar activity was 3.1 to 26.6 GBq/μmol, and the radiochemical purity was > 99 %. In vivo studies in mice revealed lower uptake in the brains of α2A-KO mice compared to WT mice. The results for selectivity were confirmed by ex vivo brain autoradiography. Blocking studies revealed reduced uptake in α2A-adrenoceptor-rich brain regions in pretreated animals, demonstrating the specificity of the tracer. Metabolite analyses revealed very rapid metabolism of 6-[18F]fluoro-marsanidine with blood-brain barrier-permeable metabolites in both rats and mice. CONCLUSION 6-[18F]Fluoro-marsanidine was synthesized and evaluated as a PET tracer candidate for brain α2A-adrenoceptors. However, rapid metabolism, extensive presence of labeled metabolites in the brain, and high non-specific uptake in mouse and rat brain make 6-[18F]fluoro-marsanidine unsuitable for α2A-adrenoceptor targeting in rodents in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krzyczmonik
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas Keller
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Francisco R López-Picón
- PET Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sarita Forsback
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna K Kirjavainen
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jatta S Takkinen
- PET Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilewska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, and Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja Haaparanta-Solin
- PET Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Olof Solin
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, FI-20520, Turku, Finland.
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8
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Gingipalli L, Boerth J, Emmons D, Grebe T, Hatoum-Mokdad H, Peng B, Sha L, Tentarelli S, Wang H, Wu Y, Zheng X, Edmondson S, Gopalsamy A. Photoredox Catalysis: 1,4-Conjugate Addition of N-Methyl Radicals to Electron-Deficient Olefins via Decarboxylation of N-Substituted Acetic Acids. Org Lett 2020; 22:3418-3422. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmaiah Gingipalli
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Jeffrey Boerth
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - David Emmons
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Tyler Grebe
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Holia Hatoum-Mokdad
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Bo Peng
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Li Sha
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Sharon Tentarelli
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Haixia Wang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ye Wu
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - XiaoLan Zheng
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Scott Edmondson
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Ariamala Gopalsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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9
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Cobos-Puc L, Aguayo-Morales H. Cardiovascular Effects Mediated by Imidazoline Drugs: An Update. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 19:95-108. [PMID: 29962350 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x18666180629170336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clonidine is a centrally acting antihypertensive drug. Hypotensive effect of clonidine is mediated mainly by central α2-adrenoceptors and/or imidazoline receptors located in a complex network of the brainstem. Unfortunately, clonidine produces side effects such as sedation, mouth dry, and depression. Moxonidine and rilmenidine, compounds of the second generation of imidazoline drugs, with fewer side effects, display a higher affinity for the imidazoline receptors compared with α2-adrenoceptors. The antihypertensive action of these drugs is due to inhibition of the sympathetic outflow primarily through central I1-imidazoline receptors in the RVLM, although others anatomical sites and mechanisms/receptors are involved. Agmatine is regarded as the endogenous ligand for imidazoline receptors. This amine modulates the cardiovascular function. Indeed, when administered in the RVLM mimics the hypotension of clonidine. RESULTS Recent findings have shown that imidazoline drugs also exert biological response directly on the cardiovascular tissues, which can contribute to their antihypertensive response. Currently, new imidazoline receptors ligands are in development. CONCLUSION In the present review, we provide a brief update on the cardiovascular effects of clonidine, moxonidine, rilmenidine, and the novel imidazoline agents since representing an important therapeutic target for some cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cobos-Puc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Hilda Aguayo-Morales
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, Mexico
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10
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Dong J, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Huang G, Li S. Recent Advances in the Development of Indazole-based Anticancer Agents. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1490-1507. [PMID: 29863292 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of human mortality globally; therefore, intensive efforts have been made to seek new active drugs with improved anticancer efficacy. Indazole-containing derivatives are endowed with a broad range of biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, antihypertensive, and anticancer activities. In recent years, the development of anticancer drugs has given rise to a wide range of indazole derivatives, some of which exhibit outstanding activity against various tumor types. The aim of this review is to outline recent developments concerning the anticancer activity of indazole derivatives, as well as to summarize the design strategies and structure-activity relationships of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyun Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qijing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoshun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China
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11
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Comparative pharmacodynamic analysis of imidazoline compounds using rat model of ocular mydriasis with a test of quantitative structure–activity relationships. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:122-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Shi P, Wang L, Guo S, Chen K, Wang J, Zhu J. A C–H Activation-Based Strategy for N-Amino Azaheterocycle Synthesis. Org Lett 2017; 19:4359-4362. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Shi
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kehao Chen
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory
of Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for
Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Raczak-Gutknecht J, Frąckowiak T, Nasal A, Kornicka A, Sączewski F, Kaliszan R. Are Alpha-2D Adrenoceptor Subtypes Involved in Rat Mydriasis Evoked by New Imidazoline Derivatives: Marsanidine and 7-Methylmarsanidine? Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817701213. [PMID: 28491012 PMCID: PMC5405787 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817701213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The imidazoline compounds may produce mydriasis after systemic administration to some species (rats, cats, and mice). In mydriatic activity of imidazolines, α2D-adrenoceptors subtype(s) seems to be involved. In this study, the pupil dilatory effect evoked by 2 newly synthesized imidazoline derivatives—α2-adrenoceptor agonists: marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine—was compared. The compounds were tested alone as well as in the presence of α2-adrenoceptor antagonists (nonselective, yohimbine, and selective toward the following α2-adrenoceptor subtypes—α2A-2-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-1H-isoindole maleate (BRL44408), α2B-2-[2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-(2H,4H)-isoquinolindione dihydrochloride (ARC239), α2C-JP1302, α2D-2-(2,3-dihydro-2-methoxy-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole hydrochloride [RX821002]). The agonists were studied in male Wistar rats and were administered intravenously in cumulative doses. The antagonistic compounds were given in a single dose before the experiment with marsanidine or 7-methylmarsanidine. Pupil diameter was measured with stereoscopic microscope equipped in green light filter. Marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine exerted marked mydriatic effects. BRL44408, JP1302, and ARC239 did not cause significant parallel shift to the right of the dose–effect curves obtained for both imidazolines. In case of yohimbine and RX821002, the marked parallel shifts of dose–response curves were observed, with the antagonistic effects of RX821002 more pronounced. In vivo pharmacodynamics experiment suggests that α2D-adrenoceptor subtype is mainly engaged in mydriatic effects evoked in rats by imidazoline derivatives, in particular by clonidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Raczak-Gutknecht
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Teresa Frąckowiak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Antoni Nasal
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Antoni Nasal, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Kaliszan
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Schoene J, Bel Abed H, Christmann M, Nazaré M. A straightforward approach to N -substituted-2 H -indazol-2-amines through reductive cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kornicka A, Wasilewska A, Sączewski J, Hudson AL, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Gzella K, Belka M, Sączewski F, Gdaniec M, Rybczyńska A, Bączek T. 1-[(Imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indoles as new hypotensive agents: synthesis andin vitroandin vivobiological studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:400-410. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilewska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Alan L. Hudson
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Alberta; Edmonton Canada
| | - Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Karol Gzella
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Mariusz Belka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry; A. Mickiewicz University; Poznań Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
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Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Balewski Ł. Imidazoline scaffold in medicinal chemistry: a patent review (2012–2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1031-48. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sączewski J, Hudson A, Scheinin M, Wasilewska A, Sączewski F, Rybczyńska A, Ferdousi M, Laurila JM, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Watts H, Ma D. Transfer of SAR information from hypotensive indazole to indole derivatives acting at α-adrenergic receptors: In vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 115:406-15. [PMID: 27031216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In a search for novel antihypertensive drugs we applied scaffold hopping from the previously described α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists, 1-[(imidazolin-2-yl)methyl]indazoles. The aim was to investigate whether the α-adrenergic properties of the indazole core were transferable to the indole core. The newly obtained 1-[(imidazolin-2-yl)methyl]indole analogues were screened in vitro for their binding affinities for α1-and α2-adrenoceptors, which allowed the identification of the target-based SAR transfer (T_SAR transfer) as well as structure-based SAR transfer (S_SAR transfer) events. However, when screened in vivo with use of anaesthetized male Wistar rats, the new indole ligands showed a different hemodynamic profile than expected. Instead of the immediate hypotensive effect characteristic of peripheral vasodilatator α1 blockers, a biphasic effect was observed, reminiscent of clonidine-like centrally acting antihypertensive agents. This was supported by subsequent in vitro functional studies in [(35)S]GTPγS binding assay, where the indole analogues displayed partial agonist properties at α2-adrenergic receptors. Since no correlation was found between the in vitro binding to α-adrenoceptors and the in vivo hemodynamic effects of the two series of indazole and indole bioisosteric compounds, in a search for new imidazoline-containing adrenergic drugs, the structure-based SAR transfer information obtained from in vitro binding studies should be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Alan Hudson
- Department of Pharmacology, 9-47 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilewska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Mehnaz Ferdousi
- Department of Pharmacology, 9-47 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jonne M Laurila
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Helena Watts
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Sączewski F, Sączewski J, Kornicka A, Marchwińska A, Rybczyńska A. Circulatory effect of TCS-80, a new imidazoline compound, in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:715-9. [PMID: 27127910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesis and hypotensive properties of centrally acting imidazoline agents: 1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (Marsanidine) and 7-chloro-1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indazole (TCS-80) were tested in rats. We have recently synthesized two novel Marsanidine analogues which decrease blood pressure and heart rate in rats: 1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indole (TCS-54), and 7-chloro-1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indole (TCS-213). Among all these analogues, compound TCS-80 exhibits the highest affinity to I1-imidazoline receptors and the lowest α2/I1 selectivity ratio. The observed cardiovascular effects of the compounds might be mediated through α2-adrenergic and I1-imidazoline receptors and subsequent decrease of the symphathetic nerve activity. The present studies were performed to determine whether α2-adrenergic and/or I1-imidazoline receptors are involved in the decrease of blood pressure and heart rate induced by Marsanidine, TCS-54, TCS-80, and TCS-213 in rats. METHODS Anesthetized rats were infused iv with the tested compounds and selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, RX821002, or nonselective α2-adrenergic/I1-imidazoline receptor antagonist, Efaroxan. The mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored directly and continuously throughout the experiment. RESULTS Efaroxan inhibited the hypotensive effect of TCS-80 stronger than RX821002. The degree of inhibition of the hypotensive effect of the remaining compounds was similar for both antagonists. The presence of Efaroxan and RX821002 diminished the heart rate decrease induced by all compounds administration, though the influence on the maximal chronotropic effect was attenuated significantly in the TCS-80 and TCS-213 treated animals only. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that hypotensive and negative chronotropic activities of all tested compounds are mediated by both the α2-adrenergic and I1-imidazoline receptors. Moreover, the circulatory effect of TCS-80 might be mediated to relatively higher degree by the I1-imidazoline receptors than by the α2-adrenergic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Marchwińska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Apolonia Rybczyńska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Bhat M, Belagali SL. Guanidinyl benzothiazole derivatives: Synthesis and structure activity relationship studies of a novel series of potential antimicrobial and antioxidants. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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20
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Said M, Ahmad J, Rehman W, Badshah A, Khan H, Khan M, Rahim F, Spasyuk DM. Synthesis, structural characterization and antibacterial studies of trisubstituted guanidines and their copper(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Ferdousi M, Lalies M, Wasilewska A, Sączewski F, Hudson A. The effect of 7-fluoro-marsanidine, a novel α2-adrenoceptor agonist, on extracellular noradrenaline in rat frontal cortex: A microdialysis study. Neurosci Lett 2015; 590:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gasparik V, Greney H, Schann S, Feldman J, Fellmann L, Ehrhardt JD, Bousquet P. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aryliminopyrrolidines as Selective Ligands for I1 Imidazoline Receptors: Discovery of New Sympatho-Inhibitory Hypotensive Agents with Potential Beneficial Effects in Metabolic Syndrome. J Med Chem 2014; 58:878-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501456p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gasparik
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hugues Greney
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stephan Schann
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Josiane Feldman
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lyne Fellmann
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Ehrhardt
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Bousquet
- Laboratoire
de Neurobiologie
et Pharmacologie Cardiovasculaire, Faculté de Médecine,
EA 7296, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Fluorinated analogues of marsanidine, a highly α2-AR/imidazoline I1 binding site-selective hypotensive agent. Synthesis and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:386-97. [PMID: 25282262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of these studies was to establish the influence of fluorination of the indazole ring on the pharmacological properties of two selective α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonists: 1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (marsanidine, A) and its methylene analogue 1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indazole (B). Introduction of fluorine into the indazole ring of A and B reduced both binding affinity and α2-AR/I1 imidazoline binding site selectivity. The most α2-AR-selective ligands were 6-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6c) and 7-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6d). The in vivo cardiovascular properties of fluorinated derivatives of A and B revealed that in both cases the C-7 fluorination leads to compounds with the highest hypotensive and bradycardic activities. The α2-AR partial agonist 6c was prepared as a potential lead compound for development of a radiotracer for PET imaging of brain α2-ARs.
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Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Rybczyńska A. Vagotomy reveals the importance of the imidazoline receptors in the cardiovascular effects of marsanidine and 7-ME-marsanidine in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:874-9. [PMID: 25149994 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recently synthesized novel benzazole derivates - marsanidine (1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]indazole) and 7-Me-marsanidine (1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-7-methylindazole) display promising effects on the circulatory system. We previously indicated that i.v. administration of both compounds decreased the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in rats. The cardiovascular effect of the tested compounds may consist not only in inhibiting the sympathetic, but also in activating the parasympathetic pathways related to vagal nerves. Present experiments were performed to determine how vagotomy, with or without an α2 adrenoreceptor blockade, may affect hypotensive and HR limiting actions of marsanidine and 7-Me-marsanidine. METHODS Both compounds were infused i.v. (10 μg/kg b.w.) to anesthetized rats, half of which underwent vagotomy. Half the intact, and half the vagotomised rats received RX821002, an α2 adrenorereceptor inhibitor. MAP and HR were monitored directly throughout the experiment. RESULTS Vagotomy enhanced hypotension observed after marsanidine administration. The α2 adrenergic blockade abolished the action of marsanidine in both the intact and vagotomised rats. Vagotomy did not affect the 7-Me-marsanidine-induced decrease of MAP or HR. However, it abolished the reducing effect of the α2 adrenergic receptor blockade on the hypotension triggered by 7-Me-marsanidine. CONCLUSION The results show that although cardiovascular effects of marsanidine and 7-Me-marsanidine are not mediated by the vagal nerves, vagotomy enhanced sensitivity of the sympathetic pathways for the tested compounds. While the action of marsanidine in vagotomised and intact rats may be explained by activation of the α2 adrenoreceptors, the effects of 7-Me-marsanidine seem to be α2 adrenoreceptor-independent. It seems likely that activation of I1 imidazoline receptors could mediate the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Apolonia Rybczyńska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies of substituted pyridylguanidines. Molecules 2013; 18:10378-96. [PMID: 23985956 PMCID: PMC6269704 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of N-pivaloyl-N′-(alkyl/aryl)-N″-pyridylguanidine of general formula C4H9CONHC(NR1R2)NPy have been synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and in the case of compounds 7 and 11, by single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized guanidines were tested for antitumor activities against potato tumor, and showed excellent inhibition against Agrobacterium tumefaciens (AT10)-induced tumor. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of these new compounds against various bacterial and fungal strains were also investigated.
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Wróblewska M, Kasprzyk J, Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Rybczyńska A. Marsanidine and 7-Me-marsanidine, the new hypotensive imidazolines augment sodium and urine excretion in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2013; 65:1025-32. [DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tauchman J, Hladíková K, Uhlík F, Císařová I, Štěpnička P. Synthesis, molecular structure, electrochemistry and DFT study of a ferrocenyl-substituted 4-quinazolinone and related heterocycles. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00182b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kornicka A, Gdaniec M. Synthesis, Structure of Zwitterionic 2-Amino-N′-(imidazolidin-2-ylidene)benzohydrazides, and Their Transformation into 3-(Imidazolidin-2-ylideneamino)quinazolin-4(1H)-one Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk; Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry; A. Mickiewicz University; Poznań; Poland
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El Brahmi N, Benchidmi M, Essassi EM, Ladeira S, El Ammari L. 1-Allyl-6-nitro-1H-indazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o3368. [PMID: 23476200 PMCID: PMC3588964 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812046478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The fused five- and six-membered rings in the title mol-ecule, C10H9N3O2, are essentially coplanar, the largest deviation from the mean plane being 0.012 (1) Å for the C atom linked to the nitro group. The fused-ring system makes a dihedral angle of 11.34 (6)° with the nitro group, leading to a syn-periplanar conformation. The plane through the atoms forming the allyl group is nearly perpendicular to the indazole fused-ring system, as indicated by the dihedral angle of 73.3 (5)°. In the crystal, each mol-ecule is linked to its symmetry equivalent about the center of inversion by pairs of non-classical C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming an extended tape motif parallel to the (-12-1) plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil El Brahmi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Hétérocyclique URAC21, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V-Agdal, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco
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Ben-Yahia A, Naas M, El Kazzouli S, Essassi EM, Guillaumet G. Direct C-3-Arylations of 1H-Indazoles. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schann S, Greney H, Gasparik V, Dontenwill M, Rascente C, Lacroix G, Monassier L, Bruban V, Feldman J, Ehrhardt JD, Bousquet P. Methylation of imidazoline related compounds leads to loss of α2-adrenoceptor affinity. Synthesis and biological evaluation of selective I1 imidazoline receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4710-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lounnas V, Vriend G. AsteriX: A Web Server To Automatically Extract Ligand Coordinates from Figures in PDF Articles. J Chem Inf Model 2012; 52:568-76. [DOI: 10.1021/ci2004303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Lounnas
- CMBI NCMLS Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical
Centre,
Geert Grooteplein 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G. Vriend
- CMBI NCMLS Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical
Centre,
Geert Grooteplein 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Synthesis and biological activities of 2-[(heteroaryl)methyl]imidazolines. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:108-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Saczewski J, Hudson A, Laird S, Rybczyńska A, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Ma D, Maze M, Watts H, Gdaniec M. N-(Imidazolidin-2-ylidene)-1-arylmethanamine oxides: synthesis, structure and pharmacological evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2011; 345:33-42. [PMID: 22083875 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A high yielding three-step procedure was applied for the synthesis of N-(imidazolidin-2-ylidene)-1-arylmethanamine oxides 3 (α-aminonitrones) starting from the easily accessible imidazolidin-2-one O-benzyl oxime 1. The α-aminonitrone-α-iminohydroxyloamine tautomerism of these products was studied theoretically and the structures of the synthesised compounds were confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The compounds were evaluated in vitro for their binding affinities to α(1) and α(2) adrenoceptors as well as imidazoline I(1) and I(2) receptors. The highest potencies at the α(2) adrenergic receptors were observed for compounds bearing biphenyl (4h, K(i) = 9 nM) and naphthyl (4i, K(i) = 92 nM) moieties. Compounds 4h and 4i were further tested in vivo for their cardiovascular and sedative-hypnotic effects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Saczewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland.
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3-[(Imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]indazole ligands with selectivity for the α2-adrenoceptor compared to the imidazoline I1 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:321-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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New imidazoline/α2-adrenoceptors affecting compounds—4(5)-(2-aminoethyl)imidazoline (dihydrohistamine) derivatives. Synthesis and receptor affinity studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:156-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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New analogues of agmatine with higher affinity to imidazoline receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1009-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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