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Boron-containing compounds on neurons: Actions and potential applications for treating neurodegenerative diseases. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 238:112027. [PMID: 36345068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC) exert effects on neurons. After the expanding of both the identification and synthesis of new BCC, novel effects in living systems have been reported, many of these involving neuronal action. In this review, the actions of BCC on neurons are described; the effects have been inferred by boron deprivation or addition. Also, the effects can be related to those mediated by interaction on ionic channels, G-protein coupled receptors, or other receptors exerting modification on neuronal behavior. Additionally, BCC have exhibited effects by the modulation of inflammation or oxidative processes. BCC are expanding as drugs. Deprivation of boron sources from the diet shows the role of some natural BCC. However, the observations of several new synthesized compounds suggest their ability to act with attractive potency, efficacy, and long-term action on neuronal receptors or processes related with the origin and evolution of neurodegenerative processes. The details of BCC-target interactions are currently being elucidated in progress, as those observed from BCC-protein crystal complexes. Taking all of the above into account, the expansion is presumably near to having studies on the application of BCC as drugs on specific targets for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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2
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Singh Y, Sanjay KS, Pradeep Kumar, Singh S, Thareja S. Molecular dynamics and 3D-QSAR studies on indazole derivatives as HIF-1α inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:3524-3541. [PMID: 35318905 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2051745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcriptional factor which plays a crucial role in tumour metastasis thereby responsible for development of various forms of cancers. Indazole derivatives have been reported in the literature as potent HIF-1α inhibitor via interaction with key residues of the HIF-1α active site. Taking into consideration the role HIF-1α in cancer and potency of indazole derivative against HIF-1α; it was considered of interest to correlate structural features of known indazole derivatives with specified HIF-1α inhibitory activity to map pharmacophoric features through Three-dimensional quantitative structural activity relationship (3D-QSAR) and pharmacophore mapping. Field and Gaussian based 3D-QSAR studies were performed to realize the variables influencing the inhibitory potency of HIF-1α inhibitors. Field and Gaussian- based 3D-QSAR models were validated through various statistical measures generated by partial least square (PLS). The steric and electrostatic maps generated for both 3D-QSAR provide a structural framework for designing new inhibitors. Further; 3D-maps were also helpful in understanding variability in the activity of the compounds. Pharmacophore mapping also generates a common five-point pharmacophore hypothesis (A1D2R3R4R5_4) which can be employed in combination with 3D-contour maps to design potent HIF-1α inhibitors. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the most potent compound 39 showed good binding efficiency and was found to be quite stable in the active site of the HIF-1α protein. The developed 3D-QSAR models; pharmacophore modelling; molecular docking studies along with the MD simulation analysis may be employed to design lead molecule as selective HIF-1α inhibitors for the treatment of Cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Kulkarni Swanand Sanjay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Satwinder Singh
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghudda, Bathinda, India
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3
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M. Honnanayakanavar J, Owk O, Suresh S. Recent Advances in the Tandem Copper-Catalyzed Ullmann-Goldberg N-Arylation–Cyclization Strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2993-3028. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N‒Aryl bond formation under copper catalysis has been playing a pivotal role and has been extensively used as a key step in the total syntheses of several therapeutic molecules. The...
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4
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Duan YG, Hu XM, Cao XL, Lv KH, Yan SJ. Multicomponent Cascade Reaction of 3-Formylchromones: Highly Selective Synthesis of Functionalized 9-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:6866-6871. [PMID: 34410137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel protocol for the preparation of functionalized 9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (ABCN) derivatives from 3-formylchromones, enaminones, and heterocyclic ketene aminals (HKAs) through an unprecedented cascade reaction has been developed by simply refluxing the mixture of the substrates 1-3. As a result, a series of ABCNs were produced through a very complex cascade reaction. This protocol can be used in the synthesis of ABCNs that are suitable for combinatorial and parallel syntheses of ABCN natural-like products in a one-pot reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Gang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Mei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ling Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Hong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Jiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
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5
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Stemler T, Hoffmann C, Hierlmeier IM, Maus S, Krause E, Ezziddin S, Jung G, Bartholomä MD. A Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Bimodal BODIPY-Labeled PSMA-Targeting Bioconjugates. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2535-2545. [PMID: 33905162 PMCID: PMC8453963 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify a high-affinity BODIPY peptidomimetic that targets the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a potential bimodal imaging probe for prostate cancer. For the structure-activity study, several BODIPY (difluoroboron dipyrromethene) derivatives with varying spacers between the BODIPY dye and the PSMA Glu-CO-Lys binding motif were prepared. Corresponding affinities were determined by competitive binding assays in PSMA-positive LNCaP cells. One compound was identified with comparable affinity (IC50 =21.5±0.1 nM) to Glu-CO-Lys-Ahx-HBED-CC (PSMA-11) (IC50 =18.4±0.2 nM). Radiolabeling was achieved by Lewis-acid-mediated 19 F/18 F exchange in moderate molar activities (∼0.7 MBq nmol-1 ) and high radiochemical purities (>99 %) with mean radiochemical yields of 20-30 %. Cell internalization of the 18 F-labeled high-affinity conjugate was demonstrated in LNCaP cells showing gradual increasing PSMA-mediated internalization over time. By fluorescence microscopy, localization of the high-affinity BODIPY-PSMA conjugate was found in the cell membrane at early time points and also in subcellular compartments at later time points. In summary, a high-affinity BODIPY-PSMA conjugate has been identified as a suitable candidate for the development of PSMA-specific dual-imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Stemler
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaarland University – Medical CenterKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
| | - Caroline Hoffmann
- Department of Biophysical ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus B2 266123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Ina M. Hierlmeier
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaarland University – Medical CenterKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
| | - Stephan Maus
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaarland University – Medical CenterKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
| | - Elmar Krause
- Department of Cellular NeurophysiologyCenter for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM)Saarland UniversityKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
| | - Samer Ezziddin
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaarland University – Medical CenterKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
| | - Gregor Jung
- Department of Biophysical ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus B2 266123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Mark D. Bartholomä
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSaarland University – Medical CenterKirrbergerstrasse66421HomburgGermany
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6
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Borgarelli C, Klingl YE, Escamilla-Ayala A, Munck S, Van Den Bosch L, De Borggraeve WM, Ismalaj E. Lighting Up the Plasma Membrane: Development and Applications of Fluorescent Ligands for Transmembrane Proteins. Chemistry 2021; 27:8605-8641. [PMID: 33733502 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that transmembrane proteins represent the main therapeutic targets for decades, complete and in-depth knowledge about their biochemical and pharmacological profiling is not fully available. In this regard, target-tailored small-molecule fluorescent ligands are a viable approach to fill in the missing pieces of the puzzle. Such tools, coupled with the ability of high-precision optical techniques to image with an unprecedented resolution at a single-molecule level, helped unraveling many of the conundrums related to plasma proteins' life-cycle and druggability. Herein, we review the recent progress made during the last two decades in fluorescent ligand design and potential applications in fluorescence microscopy of voltage-gated ion channels, ligand-gated ion channels and G-coupled protein receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Borgarelli
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven Campus Arenberg Celestijnenlaan 200F -, box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yvonne E Klingl
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain &, Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abril Escamilla-Ayala
- Center for Brain & Disease Research, & VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 - box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastian Munck
- Center for Brain & Disease Research, & VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 - box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB, Center for Brain &, Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg O&N5 -, box 602 Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim M De Borggraeve
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven Campus Arenberg Celestijnenlaan 200F -, box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ermal Ismalaj
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven Campus Arenberg Celestijnenlaan 200F -, box 2404, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Sajadi MS, Darehkordi A, Hosseini SMS. Synthesis of N-aryl-3H-indazol-3-imine and N-aryl-1H-indazol-3-amine via Na2WO4/H2O2 mediated by intramolecular N–N coupling. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Xu C, Huang J. Highly Efficient Synthesis of 1H-Indazole-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives via Diazotization Reaction. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202103008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Juza R, Vlcek P, Mezeiova E, Musilek K, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Recent advances with 5-HT 3 modulators for neuropsychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1593-1678. [PMID: 32115745 DOI: 10.1002/med.21666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptophan [5-HT]) is a biologically active amine expressed in platelets, in gastrointestinal (GI) cells and, to a lesser extent, in the central nervous system (CNS). This biogenic compound acts through the activation of seven 5-HT receptors (5-HT1-7 Rs). The 5-HT3 R is a ligand-gated ion channel belonging to the Cys-loop receptor family. There is a wide variety of 5-HT3 R modulators, but only receptor antagonists (known as setrons) have been used clinically for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and irritable bowel syndrome treatment. However, since the discovery of the setrons in the mid-1980s, a large number of studies have been published exploring new potential applications due their potency in the CNS and mild side effects. The results of these studies have revealed new potential applications, including the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and drug abuse. In this review, we provide information related to therapeutic potential of 5-HT3 R antagonists on GI and neuropsychiatric disorders. The major attention is paid to the structure, function, and pharmacology of novel 5-HT3 R modulators developed over the past 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Juza
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Vlcek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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10
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Gao D, Penno C, Wünsch B. Rigid Scaffolds: Synthesis of 2,6-Bridged Piperazines with Functional Groups in all three Bridges. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:874-889. [PMID: 32884883 PMCID: PMC7450790 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of pharmacologically active compounds can be increased by presenting a drug in a defined conformation, which fits exactly into the binding pocket of its target. Herein, the piperazine scaffold was conformationally restricted by substituted C2- or C3-bridges across the 2- and 6-position. At first, a three-step, one-pot procedure was developed to obtain reproducibly piperazine-2,6-diones with various substituents at the N-atoms in high yields. Three strategies for bridging of piperazine-2,6-diones were pursued: 1. The bicyclic mixed ketals 8-benzyl-6-ethoxy-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-6-(trimethylsilyloxy)-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-diones were prepared by Dieckmann analogous cyclization of 2-(3,5-dioxopiperazin-2-yl)acetates. 2. Stepwise allylation, hydroboration and oxidation of piperazine-2,6-diones led to 3-(3,5-dioxopiperazin-2-yl)propionaldehydes. Whereas reaction of such an aldehyde with base provided the bicyclic alcohol 9-benzyl-6-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4-dione in only 10 % yield, the corresponding sulfinylimines reacted with base to give N-(2,4-dioxo-3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-6-yl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamides in >66 % yield. 3. Transformation of a piperazine-2,6-dione with 1,4-dibromobut-2-ene and 3-halo-2-halomethylprop-1-enes provided 3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,4-dione and 3,9-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,4-dione with a vinyl group at the C2- or a methylene group at the C3-bridge, respectively. Since bridging via sulfinylimines and the one-pot bridging with 3-bromo-2-bromomethylprop-1-ene gave promising yields, these strategies will be exploited for the synthesis of novel receptor ligands bearing various substituents in a defined orientation at the carbon bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Gao
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der WestfälischenWilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Christian Penno
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der WestfälischenWilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
| | - Bernhard Wünsch
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie der WestfälischenWilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4848149MünsterGermany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 – CiM)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149MünsterGermany
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11
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A Highly Efficient BODIPY Based Turn-off Fluorescent Probe for Detecting Cu2+. J Fluoresc 2020; 30:883-890. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-020-02544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Liu C, Chen Z, Yan H, Xi S, Yam KM, Gao J, Du Y, Li J, Zhao X, Xie K, Xu H, Li X, Leng K, Pennycook SJ, Liu B, Zhang C, Koh MJ, Loh KP. Expedient synthesis of E-hydrazone esters and 1 H-indazole scaffolds through heterogeneous single-atom platinum catalysis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaay1537. [PMID: 31840074 PMCID: PMC6897547 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay1537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected E-hydrazone esters are prized building blocks for the preparation of 1H-indazoles and countless other N-containing biologically active molecules. Despite previous advances, efficient and stereoselective synthesis of these compounds remains nontrivial. Here, we show that Pt single atoms anchored on defect-rich CeO2 nanorods (Pt1/CeO2), in conjunction with the alcoholysis of ammonia borane, promotes exceptionally E-selective hydrogenation of α-diazoesters to afford a wide assortment of N-H hydrazone esters with an overall turnover frequency of up to 566 hours-1 upon reaction completion. The α-diazoester substrates could be generated in situ from readily available carboxylic esters in one-pot hydrogenation reaction. Utility is demonstrated through concise, scalable synthesis of 1H-indazole-derived pharmaceuticals and their 15N-labeled analogs. The present protocol highlights a key mechanistic nuance wherein simultaneous coordination of a Pt site with the diazo N═N and ester carbonyl motifs plays a central role in controlling stereoselectivity, which is supported by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhongxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Kah Meng Yam
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Jiajian Gao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Singapore
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaoxu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Keyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Haisen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kai Leng
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Pennycook
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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13
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Wang N, Liu L, Xu W, Zhang M, Huang Z, Shi D, Zhao Y. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation of Ketoximes with Sulfonamide: A Direct Approach to Indazoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:365-368. [PMID: 30618258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium(III)-catalyzed intermolecular C-H amination of ketoxime and iodobenzene diacetate-enabled N-N bond formation in the synthesis of indazoles has been developed. A variety of functional groups were well tolerated, providing the corresponding products in moderate to good yields. Moreover, the nitro-substituted ketoximes are well compatible in this reaction, leading to the corresponding products in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Lingling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Mengye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Daqing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Soochow Unversity , 199 Renai Street , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , China
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14
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Jack T, Leuenberger M, Ruepp MD, Vernekar SKV, Thompson AJ, Braga-Lagache S, Heller M, Lochner M. Mapping the Orthosteric Binding Site of the Human 5-HT 3 Receptor Using Photo-cross-linking Antagonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:438-450. [PMID: 30149702 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin-gated 5-HT3 receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel. Its location at the synapse in the central and peripheral nervous system has rendered it a prime pharmacological target, for example, for antiemetic drugs that bind with high affinity to the neurotransmitter binding site and prevent the opening of the channel. Advances in structural biology techniques have led to a surge of disclosed three-dimensional receptor structures; however, solving ligand-bound high-resolution 5-HT3 receptor structures has not been achieved to date. Ligand binding poses in the orthosteric binding site have been largely predicted from mutagenesis and docking studies. We report the synthesis of a series of photo-cross-linking compounds whose structures are based on the clinically used antiemetic drug granisetron (Kytril). These displaced [3H]granisetron from the orthosteric binding site with low nanomolar affinities and showed specific photo-cross-linking with the human 5-HT3 receptor. Detailed analysis by protein-MS/MS identified a residue (Met-228) near the tip of binding loop C as the covalent modification site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michele Leuenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc-David Ruepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Andrew J. Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K
| | - Sophie Braga-Lagache
- Department of BioMedical Research, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Heller
- Department of BioMedical Research, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Lochner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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15
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Janardhanan JC, Mishra RK, Das G, Sini S, Jayamurthy P, Suresh CH, Praveen VK, Manoj N, Babu BP. Functionalizable 1H
-Indazoles by Palladium Catalyzed Aza-Nenitzescu Reaction: Pharmacophores to Donor-Acceptor Type Multi-Luminescent Fluorophores. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jith C. Janardhanan
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT); Cochin 682022 India
| | - Rakesh K. Mishra
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
- Department of Sciences and Humanities; National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand (NITUK); Srinagar (Garhwal) 246174 India
| | - Gourab Das
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
| | - Suresh Sini
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division; CSIR-NIIST; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
| | - Purushothaman Jayamurthy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division; CSIR-NIIST; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
| | - Vakayil K. Praveen
- Chemical Science and Technology Division; CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST); Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-NIIST Campus; Thiruvanathapuram 695019 India
| | - Narayanapillai Manoj
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT); Cochin 682022 India
| | - Beneesh P. Babu
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology, Karnataka (NITK); Surathkal 575025 India
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16
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A BODIPY Based Fluorescent Probe for the Rapid Detection of Hypochlorite. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:933-941. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Lu Y, Cole KP, Fennell JW, Maloney TD, Mitchell D, Subbiah R, Ramadas B. An Alternative Indazole Synthesis for Merestinib. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jared W. Fennell
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Todd D. Maloney
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - David Mitchell
- Small Molecule Design and Development, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Ramesh Subbiah
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560 099, India
| | - Balakumar Ramadas
- Syngene International Ltd., Biocon Park, Plot No. 2 & 3, Bommasandra IV Phase, Jigani Link Road, Bangalore 560 099, India
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18
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Janczewski Ł, Psurski M, Świtalska M, Gajda A, Goszczyński TM, Oleksyszyn J, Wietrzyk J, Gajda T. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of ω-(Isothiocyanato)alkylphosphinates and Phosphine Oxides as Antiproliferative Agents. ChemMedChem 2017; 13:105-115. [PMID: 29171934 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 21 novel, structurally diverse ω-(isothiocyanato)alkylphosphinates and phosphine oxides (ITCs) were designed and synthesized in moderate to good yields. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro antiproliferative activity using LoVo and LoVo/DX cancer cell lines. The biological activity of the synthesized compounds was higher than that of natural isothiocyanates such as benzyl isothiocyanate or sulforaphane. The antiproliferative activity of selected ITCs was also tested on selected cancer cell lines: A549, MESSA and MESSA/DX-5, HL60 and HL60MX2, BALB/3T3, and 4T1. These compounds were assessed for their mechanism of action as inducers of cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Ethyl (6-isothiocyanatohexyl)(phenyl)phosphinate (71) was tested in vivo on the 4T1 cell line and demonstrated moderate antitumor activity, similar to that benzyl isothiocyanate and cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Janczewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | - Mateusz Psurski
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Świtalska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Gajda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Goszczyński
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Józef Oleksyszyn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Gajda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
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19
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Moydeen M, Al-Deyab SS, Kumar RS, Idhayadhulla A. Efficient Synthesis of Novel 3-Phenyl-5-thioxo-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-c
]pyrazole-2(1H
)-carbothioamide Derivatives Using a CeO2
-MgO Catalyst and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Moydeen
- Petrochemical Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem S. Al-Deyab
- Petrochemical Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Radhakrishnan Surendra Kumar
- Research Department of Chemistry; Nehru Memorial College; Puthanampatti Tiruchirappalli District Tamil Nadu 621007 India
| | - Akbar Idhayadhulla
- Research Department of Chemistry; Nehru Memorial College; Puthanampatti Tiruchirappalli District Tamil Nadu 621007 India
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20
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Ruepp MD, Wei H, Leuenberger M, Lochner M, Thompson AJ. The binding orientations of structurally-related ligands can differ; A cautionary note. Neuropharmacology 2017; 119:48-61. [PMID: 28137449 PMCID: PMC5464333 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures can identify ligand-receptor interactions and assist the development of novel therapeutics, but experimental challenges sometimes necessitate the use of homologous proteins. Tropisetron is an orthosteric ligand at both 5-HT3 and α7 nACh receptors and its binding orientation has been determined in the structural homologue AChBP (pdbid: 2WNC). Co-crystallisation with a structurally-related ligand, granisetron, reveals an almost identical orientation (pdbid; 2YME). However, there is a >1000-fold difference in the affinity of tropisetron at 5-HT3 versus α7 nACh receptors, and α7 nACh receptors do not bind granisetron. These striking pharmacological differences prompt questions about which receptor the crystal structures most closely represent and whether the ligand orientations are correct. Here we probe the binding orientation of tropisetron and granisetron at 5-HT3 receptors by in silico modelling and docking, radioligand binding on cysteine-substituted 5-HT3 receptor mutants transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells, and synthetic modification of the ligands. For 15 of the 23 cysteine substitutions, the effects on tropisetron and granisetron were different. Structure-activity relationships on synthesised derivatives of both ligands were also consistent with different orientations, revealing that contrary to the crystallographic evidence from AChBP, the two ligands adopt different orientations in the 5-HT3 receptor binding site. Our results show that even quite structurally similar molecules can adopt different orientations in the same binding site, and that caution may be needed when using homologous proteins to predict ligand binding. The drugs granisetron and tropisetron are structurally similar. Crystals of them bound to AChBP suggest they have similar binding orientations. At 5-HT3R, the effects of mutagenesis indicate that their orientations differ. SAR on both of these drugs also supports different orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-David Ruepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michele Leuenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Lochner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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21
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Li L, Xiao T, Chen H, Zhou L. Visible-Light-Mediated Two-Fold Unsymmetrical C(sp 3 )-H Functionalization and Double C-F Substitution. Chemistry 2017; 23:2249-2254. [PMID: 28005304 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-mediated [3+3] annulation of tertiary amines with α-trifluoromethyl alkenes was developed. The reaction offers a direct route to fluorinated tetrahydropyridines and azabicyclo[3.m.1] frameworks under very mild conditions. This protocol presents a rare example of dual sp3 C-H functionalization of tertiary amines with the formation of two different C-C bonds (one sp3 -sp3 bond, one sp2 -sp3 bond). Moreover, two consecutive C-F substitutions in a trifluoromethyl group were achieved in one pot using visible light photoredox catalysis, which enables an unprecedented ring construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyong Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Tiebo Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Haoguo Chen
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang West Road, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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22
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Mu L, Müller Herde A, Rüefli PM, Sladojevich F, Milicevic Sephton S, Krämer SD, Thompson AJ, Schibli R, Ametamey SM, Lochner M. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of [ 11C]Granisetron and [ 18F]Fluoropalonosetron as PET Probes for 5-HT 3 Receptor Imaging. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1552-1564. [PMID: 27571447 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin-gated ionotropic 5-HT3 receptors are the major pharmacological targets for antiemetic compounds. Furthermore, they have become a focus for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and there is some evidence that pharmacological modulation of 5-HT3 receptors might alleviate symptoms of other neurological disorders. Highly selective, high-affinity antagonists, such as granisetron (Kytril) and palonosetron (Aloxi), belong to a family of drugs (the "setrons") that are well established for clinical use. To enable us to better understand the actions of these drugs in vivo, we report the synthesis of 8-fluoropalonosetron (15) that has a binding affinity (Ki = 0.26 ± 0.05 nM) similar to the parent drug (Ki = 0.21 ± 0.03 nM). We radiolabeled 15 by nucleophilic 18F-fluorination of an unsymmetrical diaryliodonium palonosetron precursor and achieved the radiosynthesis of 1-(methyl-11C)-N-granisetron ([11C]2) through N-alkylation with [11C]CH3I, respectively. Both compounds [18F]15 (chemical and radiochemical purity >95%, specific activity 41 GBq/μmol) and [11C]2 (chemical and radiochemical purity ≥99%, specific activity 170 GBq/μmol) were evaluated for their utility as positron emission tomography (PET) probes. Using mouse and rat brain slices, in vitro autoradiography with both [18F]15 and [11C]2 revealed a heterogeneous and displaceable binding in cortical and hippocampal regions that are known to express 5-HT3 receptors at significant levels. Subsequent PET experiments suggested that [18F]15 and [11C]2 are of limited utility for the PET imaging of brain 5-HT3 receptors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Mu
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse
100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adrienne Müller Herde
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pascal M. Rüefli
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Sladojevich
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Selena Milicevic Sephton
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie D. Krämer
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J. Thompson
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, United Kingdom
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical
Sciences of ETH, PSI and USZ, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg
4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Lochner
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse
3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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23
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Cheng Y, Li G, Liu Y, Shi Y, Gao G, Wu D, Lan J, You J. Unparalleled Ease of Access to a Library of Biheteroaryl Fluorophores via Oxidative Cross-Coupling Reactions: Discovery of Photostable NIR Probe for Mitochondria. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4730-8. [PMID: 26854564 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of straightforward accesses to organic functional materials through C-H activation is a revolutionary trend in organic synthesis. In this article, we propose a concise strategy to construct a large library of donor-acceptor-type biheteroaryl fluorophores via the palladium-catalyzed oxidative C-H/C-H cross-coupling of electron-deficient 2H-indazoles with electron-rich heteroarenes. The directly coupled biheteroaryl fluorophores, named Indazo-Fluors, exhibit continuously tunable full-color emissions with quantum yields up to 93% and large Stokes shifts up to 8705 cm(-1) in CH2Cl2. By further fine-tuning of the substituent on the core skeleton, Indazo-Fluor 3l (FW = 274; λem = 725 nm) is obtained as the lowest molecular weight near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore with emission wavelength over 720 nm in the solid state. The NIR dye 5h specifically lights up mitochondria in living cells with bright red luminescence. Typically, commercially available mitochondria trackers suffer from poor photostability. Indazo-Fluor 5h exhibits superior photostability and very low cytotoxicity, which would be a prominent reagent for in vivo mitochondria imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Gaocan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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24
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Tang M, Kong Y, Chu B, Feng D. Copper(I) Oxide-Mediated Cyclization ofo-HaloarylN-Tosylhydrazones: Efficient Synthesis of Indazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Knight A, Hemmings JL, Winfield I, Leuenberger M, Frattini E, Frenguelli BG, Dowell SJ, Lochner M, Ladds G. Discovery of Novel Adenosine Receptor Agonists That Exhibit Subtype Selectivity. J Med Chem 2016; 59:947-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Knight
- Systems
Biology Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Jennifer L. Hemmings
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ian Winfield
- Division
of Biomedical Cell Biology, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K
| | - Michele Leuenberger
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Frattini
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K
| | | | - Simon J. Dowell
- Department
of Platform Technology and Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Martin Lochner
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Graham Ladds
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1PD, U.K
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26
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Kowada T, Maeda H, Kikuchi K. BODIPY-based probes for the fluorescence imaging of biomolecules in living cells. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 44:4953-72. [PMID: 25801415 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 866] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging techniques have been widely used to visualize biological molecules and phenomena. In particular, several studies on the development of small-molecule fluorescent probes have been carried out, because their fluorescence properties can be easily tuned by synthetic chemical modification. For this reason, various fluorescent probes have been developed for targeting biological components, such as proteins, peptides, amino acids, and ions, to the interior and exterior of cells. In this review, we cover advances in the development of 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY)-based fluorescent probes for biological studies over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Kowada
- Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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27
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Behbehani H, Ibrahim HM. An efficient ultrasonic-mediated one-pot synthesis of 2,3,6,7,9-pentaazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes via a N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal catalyzed Mannich-like reaction. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel and straightforward method for one-pot synthesis of functionalized 2,3,6,7,9-pentaazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives has been developed.
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28
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Lochner M, Thompson AJ. A review of fluorescent ligands for studying 5-HT3 receptors. Neuropharmacology 2015; 98:31-40. [PMID: 25892507 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of fluorescence is a valuable and increasingly accessible means of probing the pharmacology and physiology of cells and their receptors. To date, the use of fluorescence-based methods for 5-HT3 receptor research has been quite limited and, although a variety of approaches have been described, these are broadly distributed throughout the literature. In this review we condense these findings into a single, accessible source of reference with the hope of promoting the use of these valuable molecular probes. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Fluorescent Tools in Neuropharmacology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lochner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
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29
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Kiselev E, Barrett MO, Katritch V, Paoletta S, Weitzer CD, Brown KA, Hammes E, Yin AL, Zhao Q, Stevens RC, Harden TK, Jacobson KA. Exploring a 2-naphthoic acid template for the structure-based design of P2Y14 receptor antagonist molecular probes. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2833-42. [PMID: 25299434 PMCID: PMC4273980 DOI: 10.1021/cb500614p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The P2Y14 receptor (P2Y14R), one of eight
P2Y G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), is involved in inflammatory,
endocrine, and hypoxic processes and is an attractive pharmaceutical
target. The goal of this research is to develop high-affinity P2Y14R fluorescent probes based on the potent and highly selective
antagonist 4-(4-(piperidin-4-yl)-phenyl)-7-(4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-2-naphthoic
acid (6, PPTN). A model of hP2Y14R based on
recent hP2Y12R X-ray structures together with simulated
antagonist docking suggested that the piperidine ring is suitable
for fluorophore conjugation while preserving affinity. Chain-elongated
alkynyl or amino derivatives of 6 for click or amide
coupling were synthesized, and their antagonist activities were measured
in hP2Y14R-expressing CHO cells. Moreover, a new Alexa
Fluor 488 (AF488) containing derivative 30 (MRS4174, Ki = 80 pM) exhibited exceptionally high affinity,
as compared to 13 nM for the alkyne precursor 22. A flow
cytometry assay employing 30 as a fluorescent probe was
used to quantify specific binding to P2Y14R. Known P2Y
receptor ligands inhibited binding of 30 with properties
consistent with their previously established receptor selectivities
and affinities. These results illustrate that potency in this series
of 2-naphthoic acid derivatives can be preserved by chain functionalization,
leading to highly potent fluorescent molecular probes for P2Y14R. Such conjugates will be useful tools in expanding the
SAR of this receptor, which still lacks chemical diversity in its
collective ligands. This approach demonstrates the predictive power
of GPCR homology modeling and the relevance of newly determined X-ray
structures to GPCR medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Kiselev
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Matthew O. Barrett
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department
of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Silvia Paoletta
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Clarissa D. Weitzer
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kyle A. Brown
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Eva Hammes
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Andrew L. Yin
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Qiang Zhao
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Raymond C. Stevens
- Department
of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - T. Kendall Harden
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular
Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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30
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Jack T, Simonin J, Ruepp MD, Thompson AJ, Gertsch J, Lochner M. Characterizing new fluorescent tools for studying 5-HT₃ receptor pharmacology. Neuropharmacology 2014; 90:63-73. [PMID: 25460187 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological characterization of ligands depends upon the ability to accurately measure their binding properties. Fluorescence provides an alternative to more traditional approaches such as radioligand binding. Here we describe the binding and spectroscopic properties of eight fluorescent 5-HT3 receptor ligands. These were tested on purified receptors, expressed receptors on live cells, or in vivo. All compounds had nanomolar affinities with fluorescent properties extending from blue to near infra-red emission. A fluorescein-derivative had the highest affinity as measured by fluorescence polarization (FP; 1.14 nM), flow cytometry (FC; 3.23 nM) and radioligand binding (RB; 1.90 nM). Competition binding with unlabeled 5-HT3 receptor agonists (5-HT, mCPBG, quipazine) and antagonists (granisetron, palonosetron, tropisetron) yielded similar affinities in all three assays. When cysteine substitutions were introduced into the 5-HT3 receptor binding site the same changes in binding affinity were seen for both granisetron and the fluorescein-derivative, suggesting that they both adopt orientations that are consistent with co-crystal structures of granisetron with a homologous protein (5HTBP). As expected, in vivo live imaging in anaesthetized mice revealed staining in the abdominal cavity in intestines, but also in salivary glands. The unexpected presence of 5-HT3 receptors in mouse salivary glands was confirmed by Western blots. Overall, these results demonstrate the wide utility of our new high-affinity fluorescently-labeled 5-HT3 receptor probes, ranging from in vitro receptor pharmacology, including FC and FP ligand competition, to live imaging of 5-HT3 expressing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jack
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Jonathan Simonin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Marc-David Ruepp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Lochner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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31
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Molla RA, Iqubal MA, Ghosh K, Roy AS, Kamaluddin K, Islam SM. Mesoporous poly-melamine-formaldehyde stabilized palladium nanoparticle (Pd@mPMF) catalyzed mono and double carbonylation of aryl halides with amines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07554d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new mesoporous polymer stabilized Pd nano (mPMF–Pd0) has been synthesized and well characterized. The catalytic performance of this complex has been tested for mono and double carbonylation of aryl halides with amines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kajari Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Kalyani
- Nadia 741235, India
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32
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Yao J, Feng R, Lin C, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Synthesis of 2,3-dihydro-1H-indazoles by Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H cleavage of arylhydrazines. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:5469-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00921e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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33
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Tang X, Gao H, Yang J, Wu W, Jiang H. Efficient access to 1H-indazoles via copper-catalyzed cross-coupling/cyclization of 2-bromoaryl oxime acetates and amines. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00244j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthesis of 1H-indazoles via copper-catalyzed cross-coupling/cyclization of 2-bromoaryl oxime acetates and amines is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hanling Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jidan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640, China
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34
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Obach RS. Pharmacologically active drug metabolites: impact on drug discovery and pharmacotherapy. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:578-640. [PMID: 23406671 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.005439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism represents the most prevalent mechanism for drug clearance. Many drugs are converted to metabolites that can retain the intrinsic affinity of the parent drug for the pharmacological target. Drug metabolism redox reactions such as heteroatom dealkylations, hydroxylations, heteroatom oxygenations, reductions, and dehydrogenations can yield active metabolites, and in rare cases even conjugation reactions can yield an active metabolite. To understand the contribution of an active metabolite to efficacy relative to the contribution of the parent drug, the target affinity, functional activity, plasma protein binding, membrane permeability, and pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite and parent drug must be known. Underlying pharmacokinetic principles and clearance concepts are used to describe the dispositional behavior of metabolites in vivo. A method to rapidly identify active metabolites in drug research is described. Finally, over 100 examples of drugs with active metabolites are discussed with regard to the importance of the metabolite(s) in efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Obach
- Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT 06340, USA.
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35
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Hovius R. Characterization and validation of fluorescent receptor ligands: a case study of the ionotropic serotonin receptor. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 995:161-78. [PMID: 23494379 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-345-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The application of fluorescent receptor ligands has become widespread, incited by two important reasons. "Seeing is believing"-it is possible to visualize in real time in live cells ligand-receptor interactions, and to locate the receptors with subcellular precision allowing one to follow, e.g., internalization of the ligand-receptor complex. The high sensitivity of photon detection permits observation of on the one hand receptor-ligand interactions on cells with low, native receptor abundance, and on the other of individual fluorophores unveiling the stochastic properties of single ligand-receptor complexes.The major bottlenecks that impede extensive use of fluorescent ligands are due to possible dramatic changes of the pharmacological properties of a ligand upon chemical modification and fluorophore conjugation, aggravated by the observation that different fluorophores can provoke very dissimilar effects. This makes it virtually impossible to predict beforehand which labelling strategy to use to produce a fluorescent ligand with the desired qualities.Here, we focus on the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a high-affinity fluorescent antagonist for the ionotropic serotonin type-3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruud Hovius
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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36
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Darout E, Robinson RP, McClure KF, Corbett M, Li B, Shavnya A, Andrews MP, Jones CS, Li Q, Minich ML, Mascitti V, Guimarães CRW, Munchhof MJ, Bahnck KB, Cai C, Price DA, Liras S, Bonin PD, Cornelius P, Wang R, Bagdasarian V, Sobota CP, Hornby S, Masterson VM, Joseph RM, Kalgutkar AS, Chen Y. Design and Synthesis of Diazatricyclodecane Agonists of the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 119. J Med Chem 2012; 56:301-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301626p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etzer Darout
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ralph P. Robinson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kim F. McClure
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew Corbett
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Bryan Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Andrei Shavnya
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Melissa P. Andrews
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Christopher S. Jones
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Qifang, Li
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Martha L. Minich
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Vincent Mascitti
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cristiano R. W. Guimarães
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael J. Munchhof
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Kevin B. Bahnck
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cuiman Cai
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David A. Price
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Spiros Liras
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paul D. Bonin
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Peter Cornelius
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Ruduan Wang
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Victoria Bagdasarian
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Colleen P. Sobota
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sam Hornby
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Victoria M. Masterson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Reena M. Joseph
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Amit S. Kalgutkar
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 620 Memorial
Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yue Chen
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry,
Discovery Biology, Drug Metabolism, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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37
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Lv D, Cao Y, Dong X, Lou Z, Chai Y. 4-Methyl-N-(9-methyl-9-aza-bicyclo-[3.3.1]non-3-yl)benzamide. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o1781. [PMID: 22719558 PMCID: PMC3379360 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812017795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(17)H(24)N(2)O, contains three independent mol-ecules. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by weak N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains parallel to the c axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diya Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of China
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38
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Jiang ZJ, He Q, Li Z, Wang ZY. (1S*,5R*)-9-Phenyl-9-aza-bicyclo-[3.3.1]nonan-3-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o1691. [PMID: 22719485 PMCID: PMC3379287 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C(14)H(17)NO, the piperidinone and piperidine rings both adopt a chair conformation. The chiral crystals were obtained from a racemic reaction product via spontaneous resolution.
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39
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Liubchak K, Tolmachev A, Nazarenko K. Synthesis of Imidazo[4,5-c]pyrazoles via Copper-Catalyzed Amidine Cyclization. J Org Chem 2012; 77:3365-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300176f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kostiantyn Liubchak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 5 Murmanska str., Kyiv,
02094, Ukraine
| | - Andrey Tolmachev
- Research
and Development Center
for Chemistry and Biology, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 62 Volodymyrska str., Kyiv, 01033,
Ukraine
| | - Kostiantyn Nazarenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine, 5 Murmanska str., Kyiv,
02094, Ukraine
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40
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Xing Q, Shi L, Lang R, Xia C, Li F. Palladium-catalyzed mono- and double-carbonylation of indoles with amines controllably leading to amides and α-ketoamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11023-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36341k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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41
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42
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Simonin J, Vernekar SKV, Thompson AJ, Hothersall JD, Connolly CN, Lummis SCR, Lochner M. High-affinity fluorescent ligands for the 5-HT(3) receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 22:1151-5. [PMID: 22189135 PMCID: PMC3277886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysical and biological characterization of a small library of fluorescent 5-HT(3) receptor ligands is described. Several of these novel granisetron conjugates have high quantum yields and show high affinity for the human 5-HT(3)AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Simonin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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43
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Abstract
This critical review covers the advances made using the 4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) scaffold as a fluorophore in the design, synthesis and application of fluorescent indicators for pH, metal ions, anions, biomolecules, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, redox potential, chemical reactions and various physical phenomena. The sections of the review describing the criteria for rational design of fluorescent indicators and the mathematical expressions for analyzing spectrophotometric and fluorometric titrations are applicable to all fluorescent probes (206 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noël Boens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f - bus 02404, 3001 Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium.
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44
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45
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Abstract
Cys-loop receptors are membrane-spanning neurotransmitter-gated ion channels that are responsible for fast excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The best studied members of the Cys-loop family are nACh, 5-HT3, GABAA and glycine receptors. All these receptors share a common structure of five subunits, pseudo-symmetrically arranged to form a rosette with a central ion-conducting pore. Some are cation selective (e.g. nACh and 5-HT3) and some are anion selective (e.g. GABAA and glycine). Each receptor has an extracellular domain (ECD) that contains the ligand-binding sites, a transmembrane domain (TMD) that allows ions to pass across the membrane, and an intracellular domain (ICD) that plays a role in channel conductance and receptor modulation. Cys-loop receptors are the targets for many currently used clinically relevant drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and anaesthetics). Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these receptors could therefore provide the catalyst for further development in this field, as well as promoting the development of experimental techniques for other areas of neuroscience.In this review, we present our current understanding of Cys-loop receptor structure and function. The ECD has been extensively studied. Research in this area has been stimulated in recent years by the publication of high-resolution structures of nACh receptors and related proteins, which have permitted the creation of many Cys loop receptor homology models of this region. Here, using the 5-HT3 receptor as a typical member of the family, we describe how homology modelling and ligand docking can provide useful but not definitive information about ligand interactions. We briefly consider some of the many Cys-loop receptors modulators. We discuss the current understanding of the structure of the TMD, and how this links to the ECD to allow channel gating, and consider the roles of the ICD, whose structure is poorly understood. We also describe some of the current methods that are beginning to reveal the differences between different receptor states, and may ultimately show structural details of transitions between them.
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