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Yan YC, Zhang H, Hu K, Zhou SM, Chen Q, Qu RY, Yang GF. A mini-review on synthesis and antiviral activity of natural product oxetanocin A derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 72:116968. [PMID: 36054994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxetanocin A (Oxt-A), a novel oxetanosyl N-glycoside nucleoside, was isolated from Bacillus megaterium in 1986. It carries an oxetane ring on the sugar moiety of the nucleoside scaffold, which contributes to differences in its structure from those of common tetrahydrofuranyl-based nucleosides. In view of the unique 3D-spatial framework, the complete synthesis of Oxt-A has been achieved by multiple research groups. The pharmacological properties of this natural product have also been broadly investigated by pharmacists and chemists since its discovery. Notably, the potential antiviral effect of Oxt-A has captured attention of researchers in the field of antiviral agent development. Furthermore, epidemic outbreaks caused by viruses have been stimulating the preparation and modification of various Oxt-A analogs over the past few decades. However, none of the studies have overviewed the antiviral efficacies of this naturally occurring scaffold yet. Thus, the present review summarizes the synthesis, structural modification, and antiviral activities of Oxt-A and its derivatives. We believe that these comprehensive descriptions will provide a novel perspective for the discovery of antivirus drugs with well-improved performance and pave newer paths for combating sudden public health issues triggered by viruses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Kai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Shao-Meng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Ren-Yu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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Wang P, Abe K, Ojima T, Ohyashiki JH, Satoh H, Maruyama T, Nagata H, Tanaka H, Yamamoto K. (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays showed a lack of toxicity of ganciclovir (GCV), C.OXTs, and their derivatives, to TaY(OK) cells at 1 microM. Therefore we compared the antiviral potencies of these drugs at 1 microM by monitoring the viral loads produced during a 1-day period during the course of the drug treatment. Among the drugs tested, 3'-fluorocarbocyclic oxetanocin A (3'F-C.OXT-A) was the most effective for inhibiting the virus production, and at concentrations ranging from 0.5 microM to 10 microM, the inhibition of the viral production was dose-dependent. A comparison of the chemical structures of the derivatives with that of C.OXT-A, which is the parental molecule, suggested that the 3'-fluorine-modification might account for the higher anti-HHV-6 activity and lower cytotoxicity. Microbiol Immunol 2002; 45:457-66. [PMID: 11497221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2001.tb02645.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An infection of TaY cells, which originated from an adult T-cell leukemia, with an HHV-6B OK isolate resulted in a chronically infected culture, termed TaY(OK). Cell cloning analysis revealed that the TaY(OK) culture consisted of a mixture of cells permissive and refractory to the infection, and that the permissive cells were continuously produced from the refractory cell population. Since the chronically infected culture has been maintained for over 2 years without the addition of uninfected TaY cells, we used it for an evaluation of the antiviral potency of nucleoside analogs, especially carbocyclic oxetanocins (C.OXTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- Department of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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Zhu XF. The latest progress in the synthesis of carbocyclic nucleosides. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2000; 19:651-90. [PMID: 10843500 DOI: 10.1080/15257770008035015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the latest developments in the field of carba-nucleosides (1994-1998). Special attention is paid to the synthesis of key precursors to those carba-nucleosides that possess significant biological activities or have novel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station 77842-3012, USA
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