1
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Basceken S. Theoretical insight into the regioselective formation of pyrazolo[1,4]-oxazepine and -oxazines. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 126:108643. [PMID: 37806144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
AuCl-, AuCl3-, or AuClPEt3-catalyzed formation mechanisms of pyrazolo[1,4]oxazepines and the NaH-promoted mechanism of pyrazolo[1,4]oxazines were investigated computationally. The structural properties of the reactants were studied in various solvents and with different functionals. The hybrid functionals B3LYP, M06, M06-2X, PBEPBE, and wB97X-D in density functional theory were used to determine and discuss the energetics of the compounds. The electronic properties of groups (R = H or R ≠ H) attached to the alkyne moiety played an essential role in the corresponding 7-endo-dig cyclization or 6-exo-dig cyclization in the presence of a gold catalyst. The regioselectivities of the products were investigated, and the natural bond orbitals of the reactants were determined. Furthermore, a gold-catalyzed alternative mechanism is suggested for synthesizing pyrazolo[1,4]oxazines using a terminal alkyne (R = H) moiety as substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Basceken
- Department of Chemistry, Hitit University, 19030, Corum, Turkey.
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2
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Nakanishi S, Kinoshita K, Kurauchi Y, Seki T, Kimura Y, Suzuki M, Suzuki K, Koyama H, Kagechika H, Katsuki H. Acyclic retinoid peretinoin reduces hemorrhage-associated brain injury in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175899. [PMID: 37392831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Peretinoin is an acyclic retinoid that stimulates retinoic acid receptors (NR1Bs) and produces therapeutic effects on hepatocellular cancer. We have previously shown that NR1B agonists such as Am80 and all trans-retinoic acid suppress pathogenic events in intracerebral hemorrhage. The present study addressed the actions of peretinoin and Am80 against cytotoxicity of a blood protease thrombin on cortico-striatal slice cultures obtained from neonatal rat brains. Application of 100 U/ml thrombin to the slice cultures for 72 h caused cell death in the cortical region and tissue shrinkage in the striatal region. Peretinoin (50 μM) and Am80 (1 μM) counteracted these cytotoxic effects of thrombin, and the effect of peretinoin and Am80 was blocked by LE540, an NR1B antagonist. A broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor K252a (3 μM) attenuated the cytoprotective effect of peretinoin in the cortical region, whereas a specific protein kinase A inhibitor KT5720 (1 μM) attenuated the protective effect of peretinoin in the cortical and the striatal regions. On the other hand, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitors such as pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (50 μM) and Bay11-7082 (10 μM) prevented thrombin-induced shrinkage of the striatal region. Peretinoin and Am80 as well as Bay11-7082 blocked thrombin-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in striatal microglia and loss of striatal neurons. We also found that daily administration of peretinoin reduced histopathological injury and alleviated motor deficits in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage. These results indicate that NR1B agonists including peretinoin may serve as a therapeutic option for hemorrhagic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakino Nakanishi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keita Kinoshita
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Himeji-Dokkyo University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Suzuki
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- Field of Biological Molecular Sciences, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroko Koyama
- Field of Biological Molecular Sciences, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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3
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Liu X, Yuan S, Liu Y, Ni M, Xu J, Gui S, Peng YY, Ding Q. Mn(III)-Mediated Radical Addition/Cyclization of Isocyanides with Aryl Boronic Acids/Diarylphosphine Oxides: Access to 11-Functionalized Dibenzodiazepines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:198-210. [PMID: 36548987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A Mn(III)-mediated radical addition/cyclization reaction of isocyanides with aryl boronic acids/diarylphosphine oxides has been developed. A series of 11-arylated/-phosphorylated dibenzodiazepines were efficiently constructed in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions via imidoyl radical process. The present protocol offers novel access to functionalized seven-membered N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sitian Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengjia Ni
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuanggen Gui
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, Jiangxi, China
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4
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He SJ, Zhu S, Qiu SQ, Ding WY, Cheng JK, Xiang SH, Tan B. Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Anthrone-based Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202213914. [PMID: 36346195 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Anthrones and analogues are structural cores shared by diverse pharmacologically active natural and synthetic compounds. The sp2 -rich nature imposes inherent obstruction to introduce stereogenic element onto the tricyclic aromatic backbone. In our pursuit to expand the chemical space of axial chirality, a novel type of axially chiral anthrone-derived skeleton was discovered. This work establishes oxime ether as suitable functionality to furnish axial chirality on symmetric anthrone skeletons through stereoselective condensation of the carbonyl entity with long-range chirality control. The enantioenriched anthrones could be elaborated into dibenzo-fused seven-membered N-heterocycles containing well-defined stereogenic center via Beckmann rearrangement with axial-to-point chirality conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jiang He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng-Qi Qiu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei-Yi Ding
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Kee Cheng
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Al-Mustafa A, Al-Zereini W, Ashram M, Al-Sha’er MA. Evaluation of antibacterial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities of novel [1,4] benzoxazepines fused to heterocyclic systems with a molecular modeling study. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02999-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Fujiki F, Morimoto S, Katsuhara A, Okuda A, Ogawa S, Ueda E, Miyazaki M, Isotani A, Ikawa M, Nishida S, Nakajima H, Tsuboi A, Oka Y, Nakata J, Hosen N, Kumanogoh A, Oji Y, Sugiyama H. T Cell-Intrinsic Vitamin A Metabolism and Its Signaling Are Targets for Memory T Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:935465. [PMID: 35844620 PMCID: PMC9280205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.935465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory T cells play an essential role in infectious and tumor immunity. Vitamin A metabolites such as retinoic acid are immune modulators, but the role of vitamin A metabolism in memory T-cell differentiation is unclear. In this study, we identified retinol dehydrogenase 10 (Rdh10), which metabolizes vitamin A to retinal (RAL), as a key molecule for regulating T cell differentiation. T cell-specific Rdh10 deficiency enhanced memory T-cell formation through blocking RAL production in infection model. Epigenetic profiling revealed that retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling activated by vitamin A metabolites induced comprehensive epigenetic repression of memory T cell-associated genes, including TCF7, thereby promoting effector T-cell differentiation. Importantly, memory T cells generated by Rdh deficiency and blocking RAR signaling elicited potent anti-tumor responses in adoptive T-cell transfer setting. Thus, T cell differentiation is regulated by vitamin A metabolism and its signaling, which should be novel targets for memory T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Fujiki
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- *Correspondence: Fumihiro Fujiki, ; Haruo Sugiyama,
| | - Soyoko Morimoto
- Department of Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akiko Katsuhara
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akane Okuda
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Saeka Ogawa
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Eriko Ueda
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Maki Miyazaki
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Ayako Isotani
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Sumiyuki Nishida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakajima
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tsuboi
- Department of Cancer Immunotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oka
- Department of Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Jun Nakata
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Naoki Hosen
- Department of Cancer Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Haruo Sugiyama
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- *Correspondence: Fumihiro Fujiki, ; Haruo Sugiyama,
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7
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Mizutani Y, Iida T, Ohno E, Ishikawa T, Kinoshita F, Kuwatsuka Y, Imai M, Shimizu S, Tsuruta T, Enomoto A, Kawashima H, Fujishiro M. Safety and efficacy of MIKE-1 in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a study protocol for an open-label phase I/II investigator-initiated clinical trial based on a drug repositioning approach that reprograms the tumour stroma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:205. [PMID: 35209871 PMCID: PMC8867831 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumour microenvironment. Recent studies revealed CAFs are heterogeneous and CAF subset(s) that suppress cancer progression (cancer-restraining CAFs [rCAFs]) must exist in addition to well-characterised cancer-promoting CAFs (pCAFs). However, the identity and specific markers of rCAFs are not yet reported. We recently identified Meflin as a specific marker of rCAFs in pancreatic and colon cancers. Our studies revealed that rCAFs may represent proliferating resident fibroblasts. Interestingly, a lineage tracing experiment showed Meflin-positive rCAFs differentiate into α-smooth muscle actin-positive and Meflin-negative CAFs, which are generally hypothesised as pCAFs, during cancer progression. Using a pharmacological approach, we identified AM80, a synthetic unnatural retinoid, as a reagent that effectively converts Meflin-negative pCAFs to Meflin-positive rCAFs. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a combination of AM80 and gemcitabine (GEM) and nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods The phase I part is a 3 + 3 design, open-label, and dose-finding study. The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of these combination therapies would be evaluated for 4 weeks. After the DLT evaluation period, if no disease progression is noted based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 or if the patient has no intolerable toxicity, administration of AM80 with GEM and nab-PTX would be continued for up to 24 weeks. The phase II part is an open-label, single-arm study. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of AM80 with GEM and nab-PTX, determined in phase I, would be administered until intolerable toxicity or disease progression occurs, up to a maximum of 24 weeks, to confirm efficacy and safety. The primary endpoints are frequency of DLT and MTD of AM80 with GEM and nab-PTX in the phase I part and response rate based on the RECIST in the phase II part. Given the historical control data, we hope that the response rate will be over 23% in phase II. Discussion Strategies to convert pCAFs into rCAFs have been developed in recent years. We hypothesised that AM80 would be a promising enhancer of chemosensitivity and drug distribution through CAF conversion in the stroma. Trial registration Clinicaltrial.gov: NCT05064618, registered on 1 October 2021. jRCT: jRCT2041210056, registered on 27 August 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Mizutani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tadashi Iida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eizaburo Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumie Kinoshita
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yachiyo Kuwatsuka
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miwa Imai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinobu Shimizu
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Tsuruta
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawashima
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Hikosaka-Kuniishi M, Yamane T, Isono K, Tetteh DN, Yamazaki H. Isolation of CD35+ follicular dendritic cells and its role in the differentiation from B cells to IgA+GL7+ cells. Immunol Lett 2022; 243:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Volonté YA, Ayala-Peña VB, Vallese-Maurizi H, Garelli A, Rotstein NP, Politi LE, German OL. Retinoid X receptor activation promotes photoreceptor survival and modulates the inflammatory response in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119098. [PMID: 34271041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Photoreceptor cell (PHR) death is a hallmark of most retinal neurodegenerative diseases, in which inflammation plays a critical role. Activation of retinoid X receptors (RXR) modulates and integrates multiple cell functions, and has beneficial effects in animal models of chronic inflammatory diseases. Nonetheless, the mechanisms involved and their role in retina neuroprotection are poorly understood. In this work we assessed whether RXR activation prevents inflammation and/or PHR death in retinitis pigmentosa, an inherited retina neurodegeneration, using as an ex vivo model, retinas from the rd1 mice, a murine model of this disease. We demonstrated that rd1 retinas had lower levels of RXR alpha isoform than their wt counterparts at early developmental times, whereas its distribution pattern remained similar. In mixed neuro-glial cultures obtained from either rd1 or wt retinas, both PHR and Müller glial cells (MGC) expressed RXRalpha, and RXR activation by its synthetic pan-agonist PA024 selectively increased mRNA levels of RXRgamma isoform. PA024 decreased PHR death in rd1 mixed cultures; it reduced the amount of non-viable neurons, delayed the onset of PHR apoptosis, and decreased Bax mRNA levels. PA024 also reduced MGC reactivity in vitro before and at the onset of degeneration, decreasing GFAP expression, increasing glutamine synthetase mRNA levels, and promoting the transcription of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, Il-10. These results suggest that RXR activation rescues rd1 PHR and decreases MGC reactivity, promoting an anti-inflammatory environment in the rd1 retina, thus supporting the potential of RXR agonists as pharmacological tools for treating retina degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanel A Volonté
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Victoria B Ayala-Peña
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Harmonie Vallese-Maurizi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Andrés Garelli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Nora P Rotstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Luis E Politi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Olga L German
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
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10
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Khan I, Ibrar A, Zaib S. Alkynoates as Versatile and Powerful Chemical Tools for the Rapid Assembly of Diverse Heterocycles under Transition-Metal Catalysis: Recent Developments and Challenges. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:3. [PMID: 33398642 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00316-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles, heteroaromatics and spirocyclic entities are ubiquitous components of a wide plethora of synthetic drugs, biologically active natural products, marketed pharmaceuticals and agrochemical targets. Recognizing their high proportion in drugs and rich pharmacological potential, these invaluable structural motifs have garnered significant interest, thus enabling the development of efficient catalytic methodologies providing access to architecturally complex and diverse molecules with high atom-economy and low cost. These chemical processes not only allow the formation of diverse heterocycles but also utilize a range of flexible and easily accessible building units in a single operation to discover diversity-oriented synthetic approaches. Alkynoates are significantly important, diverse and powerful building blocks in organic chemistry due to their unique and inherent properties such as the electronic bias on carbon-carbon triple bonds posed by electron-withdrawing groups or the metallic coordination site provided by carbonyl groups. The present review highlights the comprehensive picture of the utility of alkynoates (2007-2019) for the synthesis of various heterocycles (> 50 types) using transition-metal catalysts (Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Ag, Au, Pt, Cu, Mn, Fe) in various forms. The valuable function of versatile alkynoates (bearing multifunctional groups) as simple and useful starting materials is explored, thus cyclizing with an array of coupling partners to deliver a broad range of oxygen-, nitrogen-, sulfur-containing heterocycles alongside fused-, and spiro-heterocyclic compounds. In addition, these examples will also focus the scope and reaction limitations, as well as mechanistic investigations into the synthesis of these heterocycles. The biological significance will also be discussed, citing relevant examples of drug molecules highlighting each class of heterocycles. This review summarizes the recent developments in the synthetic methods for the synthesis of various heterocycles using alkynoates as readily available starting materials under transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur, KPK-22620, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
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11
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Karadeniz E, Kelgokmen Y, Zora M. A new approach for the synthesis of spiro and
gem
‐dimethyl‐substituted 1,4‐oxazepines from
N
‐propargylic β‐enaminones. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Karadeniz
- Department of Chemistry Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Kelgokmen
- Department of Chemistry Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey
| | - Metin Zora
- Department of Chemistry Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey
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12
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Ibis O, Zora M. A facile synthesis of 6-chloro-2-methylene-2,3-dihydro-1,4-oxazepines from N-propargylic β-enaminones. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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13
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Kelgokmen Y, Korkmaz E, Zora M. A facile synthesis of 6-[(4-nitrophenyl)thio]-substituted 2-methylene-2,3-dihydro-1,4-oxazepines from N-propargylic β-enaminones. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1837171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yilmaz Kelgokmen
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Zora
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Yu Y, Ma L, Xia J, Xin L, Zhu L, Huang X. A Modular Approach to Dibenzo‐fused ϵ‐Lactams: Palladium‐Catalyzed Bridging‐C−H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18261-18266. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Liyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiajin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Luoting Xin
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xueliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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15
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Yu Y, Ma L, Xia J, Xin L, Zhu L, Huang X. A Modular Approach to Dibenzo‐fused ϵ‐Lactams: Palladium‐Catalyzed Bridging‐C−H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Liyao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiajin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Luoting Xin
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xueliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Fujian College Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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16
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Thummala Y, Raju CE, Purnachandar D, Sreenivasulu G, Doddi VR, Karunakar GV. Gold‐Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of Pyrazolo[1,4]oxazepines via Intramolecular
7
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endo‐dig
Cyclization. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadagiri Thummala
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | - Chittala Emmaniel Raju
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | - Dalovai Purnachandar
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | - Gottam Sreenivasulu
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research 201002 Ghaziabad India
| | - Venkata Ramana Doddi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences Central University of Karnataka 585367 Kadaganchi Karnataka India
| | - Galla V. Karunakar
- Fluoro and Agrochemicals Department CSIR‐Indian Institute of Chemical Technology 500007 Hyderabad India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research 201002 Ghaziabad India
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17
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Abstract
This review is focused on palladium-catalyzed reactions as efficient strategies aimed at the synthesis of different classes of benzodiazepines. Several reaction typologies are reported including hydroamination, amination, C–H arylation, N-arylation, and the Buchwald–Hartwig reaction, depending on the different substrates identified as halogenated starting materials (activated substrates) or unactivated unsaturated systems, which then exploit Pd(0)- or Pd(II)-catalytic species. In particular, the use of the domino reactions, as intra- or intermolecular processes, are reported as an efficient and eco-compatible tool to obtain differently functionalized benzodiazepines. Different domino reaction typologies are the carboamination, aminoarylation, aminoacethoxylation, aminohalogenation, and aminoazidation.
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18
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Abdel-Azim H, Sun W, Wu L. Strategies to generate functionally normal neutrophils to reduce infection and infection-related mortality in cancer chemotherapy. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 204:107403. [PMID: 31470030 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils form an essential part of innate immunity against infection. Cancer chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CCIN) is a condition in which the number of neutrophils in a patient's bloodstream is decreased, leading to increased susceptibility to infection. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) has been the only approved treatment for CCIN over two decades. To date, CCIN-related infection and mortality remain a significant concern, as neutrophils generated in response to administered GCSF are functionally immature and cannot effectively fight infection. This review summarizes the molecular regulatory mechanisms of neutrophil granulocytic differentiation and innate immunity development, dissects the biology of GCSF in myeloid expansion, highlights the shortcomings of GCSF in CCIN treatment, updates the recent advance of a selective retinoid agonist that promotes neutrophil granulocytic differentiation, and evaluates the benefits of developing GCSF biosimilars to increase access to GCSF biologics versus seeking a new mode to fundamentally advance GCSF therapy for treatment of CCIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Weili Sun
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Lingtao Wu
- Research and Development, Therapeutic Approaches, 2712 San Gabriel Boulevard, Rosemead, CA 91770, USA.
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19
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Schierle S, Merk D. Therapeutic modulation of retinoid X receptors – SAR and therapeutic potential of RXR ligands and recent patents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:605-621. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1643322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schierle
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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20
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Krężel W, Rühl R, de Lera AR. Alternative retinoid X receptor (RXR) ligands. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 491:110436. [PMID: 31026478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) control a wide variety of functions by virtue of their dimerization with other nuclear hormone receptors (NRs), contributing thereby to activities of different signaling pathways. We review known RXR ligands as transcriptional modulators of specific RXR-dimers and the associated biological processes. We also discuss the physiological relevance of such ligands, which remains frequently a matter of debate and which at present is best met by member(s) of a novel family of retinoids, postulated as Vitamin A5. Through comparison with other natural, but also with synthetic ligands, we discuss high diversity in the modes of ligand binding to RXRs resulting in agonistic or antagonistic profiles and selectivity towards specific subtypes of permissive heterodimers. Despite such diversity, direct ligand binding to the ligand binding pocket resulting in agonistic activity was preferentially preserved in the course of animal evolution pointing to its functional relevance, and potential for existence of other, species-specific endogenous RXR ligands sharing the same mode of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Krężel
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1258, Illkirch, France; Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
| | - Ralph Rühl
- Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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21
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Hu W, Teng F, Hu H, Luo S, Zhu Q. Pd-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H Imidoylative Annulation: A General Approach To Construct Dibenzoox(di)azepines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6524-6535. [PMID: 31050283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A general method to construct the scaffolds of dibenzooxazepine and dibenzodiazepine, through Pd-catalyzed isocyanide insertion and intramolecular C(sp2)-H activation, has been developed. This is the first example of seven-membered heterocycle formation by C-H imidoylative annulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue , Guangzhou 510530 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue , Guangzhou 510530 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Huaanzi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue , Guangzhou 510530 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shuang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue , Guangzhou 510530 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 190 Kaiyuan Avenue , Guangzhou 510530 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road , Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049 , China
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22
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André A, Ruivo R, Fonseca E, Froufe E, Castro LFC, Santos MM. The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) in molluscs: Function, evolution and endocrine disruption insights. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:80-89. [PMID: 30639747 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Retinoid acid receptor (RAR)-dependent signalling pathways are essential for the regulation and maintenance of essential biological functions and are recognized targets of disruptive anthropogenic compounds. Recent studies put forward the inability of mollusc RARs to bind and respond to the canonical vertebrate ligand, retinoic acid: a feature that seems to have been lost during evolution. Yet, these studies were carried out in a limited number of molluscs. Therefore, using an in vitro transactivation assay, the present work aimed to characterize phylogenetically relevant mollusc RARs, as monomers or as functional units with RXR, not only in the presence of vertebrate bone fine ligands but also known endocrine disruptors, described to modulate retinoid-dependent pathways. In general, none of the tested mollusc RARs were able to activate reporter gene transcription when exposed to retinoic acid isomers, suggesting that the ability to respond to retinoic acid was lost across molluscs. Similarly, the analysed mollusc RAR were unresponsive towards organochloride pesticides. In contrast, transcriptional repressions were observed with the RAR/RXR unit upon exposure to retinoids or RXR-specific ligands. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations further corroborate the obtained results and suggest that the repressive behaviour, observed with mollusc and human RAR/RXR heterodimers, is possibly mediated by ligand biding to RXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana André
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Institute of biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Ruivo
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Elza Fonseca
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elsa Froufe
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - L Filipe C Castro
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Miguel M Santos
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; FCUP - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are promiscuous partners of heterodimeric associations with other members of the Nuclear Receptor (NR) superfamily. RXR ligands ("rexinoids") either transcriptionally activate the "permissive" subclass of heterodimers or synergize with partner ligands in the "nonpermissive" subclass of heterodimers. The rationale for rexinoid design with a wide structural diversity going from the structures of existing complexes with RXR determined by X-Ray, to natural products and other ligands discovered by high-throughput screening (HTS), mere serendipity, and rationally designed based on Molecular Modeling, will be described. Included is the new generation of ligands that modulate the structure of specific receptor surfaces that serve to communicate with other regulators. The panel of the known RXR agonists, partial (ant)agonists, and/or heterodimer-selective rexinoids require the exploration of their therapeutic potential in order to overcome some of the current limitations of rexinoids in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IBIV, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - José A Souto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IBIV, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IBIV, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
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24
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Aniban X, Mamidala S, Burke AJ. Metal-Catalyzed Routes to Dibenzodiazepines (DBDAs) and Structural Analogues: Recent Advances. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xaiza Aniban
- Centro de Química de Évora; Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (IIFA); Universidade de Évora; Rua Romão Ramalho 59 7000-671 Évora Portugal
| | - Srikanth Mamidala
- Centro de Química de Évora; Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (IIFA); Universidade de Évora; Rua Romão Ramalho 59 7000-671 Évora Portugal
- National Institute of Technology Warangal; Telangana India
| | - Anthony J. Burke
- Centro de Química de Évora; Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (IIFA); Universidade de Évora; Rua Romão Ramalho 59 7000-671 Évora Portugal
- Departamento de Química; Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia; Universidade de Évora; Rua Romão Ramalho 59 7000-671 Évora Portugal
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25
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Loppi S, Kolosowska N, Kärkkäinen O, Korhonen P, Huuskonen M, Grubman A, Dhungana H, Wojciechowski S, Pomeshchik Y, Giordano M, Kagechika H, White A, Auriola S, Koistinaho J, Landreth G, Hanhineva K, Kanninen K, Malm T. HX600, a synthetic agonist for RXR-Nurr1 heterodimer complex, prevents ischemia-induced neuronal damage. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 73:670-681. [PMID: 30063972 PMCID: PMC8543705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is amongst the leading causes of death and disabilities. The available treatments are suitable for only a fraction of patients and thus novel therapies are urgently needed. Blockage of one of the cerebral arteries leads to massive and persisting inflammatory reaction contributing to the nearby neuronal damage. Targeting the detrimental pathways of neuroinflammation has been suggested to be beneficial in conditions of ischemic stroke. Nuclear receptor 4A-family (NR4A) member Nurr1 has been shown to be a potent modulator of harmful inflammatory reactions, yet the role of Nurr1 in cerebral stroke remains unknown. Here we show for the first time that an agonist for the dimeric transcription factor Nurr1/retinoid X receptor (RXR), HX600, reduces microglia expressed proinflammatory mediators and prevents inflammation induced neuronal death in in vitro co-culture model of neurons and microglia. Importantly, HX600 was protective in a mouse model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and alleviated the stroke induced motor deficits. Along with the anti-inflammatory capacity of HX600 in vitro, treatment of ischemic mice with HX600 reduced ischemia induced Iba-1, p38 and TREM2 immunoreactivities, protected endogenous microglia from ischemia induced death and prevented leukocyte infiltration. These anti-inflammatory functions were associated with reduced levels of brain lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPCs) and acylcarnitines, metabolites related to proinflammatory events. These data demonstrate that HX600 driven Nurr1 activation is beneficial in ischemic stroke and propose that targeting Nurr1 is a novel candidate for conditions involving neuroinflammatory component.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Loppi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - N. Kolosowska
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - O. Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - P. Korhonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M. Huuskonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A. Grubman
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - H. Dhungana
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - S. Wojciechowski
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Y. Pomeshchik
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M. Giordano
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H. Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. White
- Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia
| | - S. Auriola
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - J. Koistinaho
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G. Landreth
- Stark Neuroscience Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - K. Hanhineva
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
| | - K. Kanninen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - T. Malm
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,Corresponding author at: A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Science, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland. (T. Malm)
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26
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Ueki S, Nishikawa J, Fukuchi M, Konno Y, Takeda M, Moritoki Y, Chihara J, Omokawa A, Saga T, Hirokawa M. ICAM-1 upregulation is not required for retinoic acid-induced human eosinophil survival. Immunol Lett 2018; 196:68-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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28
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Kelgokmen Y, Cayan Y, Zora M. Zinc Chloride Mediated Synthesis of 1,4-Oxazepines fromN-Propargylic β-Enaminones. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yilmaz Kelgokmen
- Department of Chemistry; Middle East Technical University; 06800 Ankara Turkey
| | - Yasemin Cayan
- Department of Chemistry; Middle East Technical University; 06800 Ankara Turkey
| | - Metin Zora
- Department of Chemistry; Middle East Technical University; 06800 Ankara Turkey
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29
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McKeown MR, Corces MR, Eaton ML, Fiore C, Lee E, Lopez JT, Chen MW, Smith D, Chan SM, Koenig JL, Austgen K, Guenther MG, Orlando DA, Lovén J, Fritz CC, Majeti R. Superenhancer Analysis Defines Novel Epigenomic Subtypes of Non-APL AML, Including an RARα Dependency Targetable by SY-1425, a Potent and Selective RARα Agonist. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1136-1153. [PMID: 28729405 PMCID: PMC5962349 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We characterized the enhancer landscape of 66 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), identifying 6 novel subgroups and their associated regulatory loci. These subgroups are defined by their superenhancer (SE) maps, orthogonal to somatic mutations, and are associated with distinct leukemic cell states. Examination of transcriptional drivers for these epigenomic subtypes uncovers a subset of patients with a particularly strong SE at the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene locus. The presence of a RARA SE and concomitant high levels of RARA mRNA predisposes cell lines and ex vivo models to exquisite sensitivity to a selective agonist of RARα, SY-1425 (tamibarotene). Furthermore, only AML patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models with high RARA mRNA were found to respond to SY-1425. Mechanistically, we show that the response to SY-1425 in RARA-high AML cells is similar to that of acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with retinoids, characterized by the induction of known retinoic acid response genes, increased differentiation, and loss of proliferation.Significance: We use the SE landscape of primary human AML to elucidate transcriptional circuitry and identify novel cancer vulnerabilities. A subset of patients were found to have an SE at RARA, which is predictive for response to SY-1425, a potent and selective RARα agonist, in preclinical models, forming the rationale for its clinical investigation in biomarker-selected patients. Cancer Discov; 7(10); 1136-53. ©2017 AACR.See related commentary by Wang and Aifantis, p. 1065.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1047.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Ryan Corces
- Program in Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Ludwig Center Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Chris Fiore
- Syros Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emily Lee
- Syros Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Steven M Chan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie L Koenig
- Program in Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Ludwig Center Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | - Jakob Lovén
- Syros Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ravindra Majeti
- Program in Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, and Ludwig Center Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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30
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Tsuji M. Antagonist-perturbation mechanism for activation function-2 fixed motifs: active conformation and docking mode of retinoid X receptor antagonists. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2017; 31:577-585. [PMID: 28534193 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-017-0025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
HX531, which contains a dibenzodiazepine skeleton, is one of the first retinoid X receptor (RXR) antagonists. Functioning via RXR-PPARγ heterodimer, this compound is receiving a lot of attention as a therapeutic drug candidate for diabetic disease controlling differentiation of adipose tissue. However, the active conformation of HX531 for RXRs is not well established. In the present study, quantum mechanics calculations and molecular mechanical docking simulations were carried out to precisely study the docking mode of HX531 with the human RXRα ligand-binding domain, as well as to provide a new approach to drug design using a structure-based perspective. It was suggested that HX531, which has the R configuration for the bent dibenzodiazepine plane together with the equatorial configuration for the N-methyl group attached to the nitrogen atom in the seven-membered diazepine ring, is a typical activation function-2 (AF-2) fixed motif perturbation type antagonist, which destabilizes the formation of AF-2 fixed motifs. On the other hand, the docking simulations supported the experimental result that LG100754 is an RXR homodimer antagonist and an RXR heterodimer agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motonori Tsuji
- Institute of Molecular Function, 2-105-14 Takasu, Misato-shi, Saitama, 341-0037, Japan.
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31
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Li Y, Meng JP, Lei J, Chen ZZ, Tang DY, Zhu J, Zhang J, Xu ZG. Efficient Synthesis of Fused Oxazepino-isoquinoline Scaffolds via an Ugi, Followed by an Intramolecular Cyclization. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2017; 19:324-330. [PMID: 28271876 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.7b00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild and efficient protocol was developed for the synthesis of oxazepino-isoquinolines via a one-pot Ugi four-component reaction, followed by the intramolecular addition of the resulting alcohol to an alkyne moiety under microwave irradiation conditions. Notably, this process only required one purification step, providing facile access to two series of complex and potentially interesting biologically active scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
- Key
Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Meng
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
- Key
Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhong-Zhu Chen
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Dian-Yong Tang
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
- Key
Laboratory for Asymmetric Synthesis and Chiral Technology of Sichuan
Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Xu
- Chongqing
Engineering Laboratory of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan, Chongqing 402160, China
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Xu J, Li Y, Meng JP, Lei J, Chen ZZ, Tang DY, Zhu J, Xu ZG. Efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of fused benzoxazepine–isoquinoline derivatives via an Ugi reaction/tautomerization/intramolecular SNAr reaction sequence. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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33
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Tsuji M, Shudo K, Kagechika H. Identifying the receptor subtype selectivity of retinoid X and retinoic acid receptors via quantum mechanics. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:391-396. [PMID: 28286734 PMCID: PMC5337894 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding and identifying the receptor subtype selectivity of a ligand is an important issue in the field of drug discovery. Using a combination of classical molecular mechanics and quantum mechanical calculations, this report assesses the receptor subtype selectivity for the human retinoid X receptor (hRXR) and retinoic acid receptor (hRAR) ligand‐binding domains (LBDs) complexed with retinoid ligands. The calculated energies show good correlation with the experimentally reported binding affinities. The technique proposed here is a promising method as it reveals the origin of the receptor subtype selectivity of selective ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koichi Shudo
- Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center Shibuya-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering Tokyo Medical and Dental University Chiyoda-ku Japan
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34
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Li L, Qi X, Sun W, Abdel-Azim H, Lou S, Zhu H, Prasadarao NV, Zhou A, Shimada H, Shudo K, Kim YM, Khazal S, He Q, Warburton D, Wu L. Am80-GCSF synergizes myeloid expansion and differentiation to generate functional neutrophils that reduce neutropenia-associated infection and mortality. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:1340-1359. [PMID: 27737899 PMCID: PMC5090663 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201606434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils generated by granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (GCSF) are functionally immature and, consequently, cannot effectively reduce infection and infection‐related mortality in cancer chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia (CCIN). Am80, a retinoic acid (RA) agonist that enhances granulocytic differentiation by selectively activating transcription factor RA receptor alpha (RARα), alternatively promotes RA‐target gene expression. We found that in normal and malignant primary human hematopoietic specimens, Am80‐GCSF combination coordinated proliferation with differentiation to develop complement receptor‐3 (CR3)‐dependent neutrophil innate immunity, through altering transcription of RA‐target genes RARβ2,C/EBPε, CD66,CD11b, and CD18. This led to generation of functional neutrophils capable of fighting infection, whereas neutralizing neutrophil innate immunity with anti‐CD18 antibody abolished neutrophil bactericidal activities induced by Am80‐GCSF. Further, Am80‐GCSF synergy was evaluated using six different dose‐schedule‐infection mouse CCIN models. The data demonstrated that during “emergency” granulopoiesis in CCIN mice undergoing transient systemic intravenous bacterial infection, Am80 effect on differentiating granulocytic precursors synergized with GCSF‐dependent myeloid expansion, resulting in large amounts of functional neutrophils that reduced infection. Importantly, extensive survival tests covering a full cycle of mouse CCIN with perpetual systemic intravenous bacterial infection proved that without causing myeloid overexpansion, Am80‐GCSF generated sufficient numbers of functional neutrophils that significantly reduced infection‐related mortality in CCIN mice. These findings reveal a differential mechanism for generating functional neutrophils to reduce CCIN‐associated infection and mortality, providing a rationale for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Weili Sun
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siyue Lou
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nemani V Prasadarao
- University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alice Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Koichi Shudo
- Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sajad Khazal
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qiaojun He
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - David Warburton
- Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lingtao Wu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA .,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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35
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Takaoka Y, Takahashi M, Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Seki T, Shudo K, Katsuki H. Retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80 inhibits CXCL2 production from microglial BV-2 cells via attenuation of NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:367-76. [PMID: 27351827 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating lines of evidence suggest that retinoic acid receptor agonists such as Am80 exerts anti-inflammatory actions in the central nervous system, although detailed mechanisms of the action remain largely unknown. Our previous findings suggest that Am80 provides therapeutic effect on intracerebral hemorrhage in mice via suppression of expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2). Here we investigated the mechanisms of inhibitory action of Am80 on expression of CXCL2 and other pro-inflammatory factors in microglial BV-2 cells. Pretreatment with Am80 markedly suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of CXCL2 mRNA and release of CXCL2 protein. Am80 had no effect on LPS-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. On the other hand, Am80 prevented LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 subunit of NF-κB complex. In addition, total expression levels of p65 and IκBα proteins, as well as of mRNAs encoding p65 and IκBα, were lowered by Am80. Dependence of CXCL2 expression on NF-κB was confirmed by the effect of an NF-κB inhibitor caffeic acid phenethyl ester that abolished LPS-induced CXCL2 expression. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester also abolished LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α, which may be relevant to the inhibitory effect of Am80 on expression of these pro-inflammatory factors. We additionally found that Am80 attenuated LPS-induced up-regulation of CD14, a co-receptor for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). These results suggest that inhibitory effect on TLR4 signaling mediated by NF-κB pathway underlies the anti-inflammatory action of retinoic acid receptor agonists in microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Takaoka
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Moeka Takahashi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akinori Hisatsune
- Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools "HIGO (Health life science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented) Program", Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Shudo
- Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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36
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Ayala-Peña VB, Pilotti F, Volonté Y, Rotstein NP, Politi LE, German OL. Protective effects of retinoid x receptors on retina pigment epithelium cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1134-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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37
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Effects of RXR Agonists on Cell Proliferation/Apoptosis and ACTH Secretion/Pomc Expression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141960. [PMID: 26714014 PMCID: PMC4695086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Various retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists have recently been developed, and some of them have shown anti-tumor effects both in vivo and in vitro. However, there has been no report showing the effects of RXR agonists on Cushing’s disease, which is caused by excessive ACTH secretion in a corticotroph tumor of the pituitary gland. Therefore, we examined the effects of synthetic RXR pan-agonists HX630 and PA024 on the proliferation, apoptosis, ACTH secretion, and pro-opiomelanocortin (Pomc) gene expression of murine pituitary corticotroph tumor AtT20 cells. We demonstrated that both RXR agonists induced apoptosis dose-dependently in AtT20 cells, and inhibited their proliferation at their higher doses. Microarray analysis identified a significant gene network associated with caspase 3 induced by high dose HX630. On the other hand, HX630, but not PA024, inhibited Pomc transcription, Pomc mRNA expression, and ACTH secretion dose-dependently. Furthermore, we provide new evidence that HX630 negatively regulates the Pomc promoter activity at the transcriptional level due to the suppression of the transcription factor Nur77 and Nurr1 mRNA expression and the reduction of Nur77/Nurr1 heterodimer recruiting to the Pomc promoter region. We also demonstrated that the HX630-mediated suppression of the Pomc gene expression was exerted via RXRα. Furthermore, HX630 inhibited tumor growth and decreased Pomc mRNA expression in corticotroph tumor cells in female nude mice in vivo. Thus, these results indicate that RXR agonists, especially HX630, could be a new therapeutic candidate for Cushing’s disease.
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38
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Goutham K, Ashok Kumar D, Suresh S, Sridhar B, Narender R, Karunakar GV. Gold-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of N-Propargylic β-Enaminones for the Synthesis of 1,4-Oxazepine Derivatives. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11162-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kommuru Goutham
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Desamala Ashok Kumar
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ravirala Narender
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Galla V. Karunakar
- Crop Protection Chemicals Division, ‡Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research, §Organic and Biomolecular
Chemistry Division, and ∥Center for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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39
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Docking simulations suggest that all-trans retinoic acid could bind to retinoid X receptors. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2015; 29:975-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10822-015-9869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Giner XC, Cotnoir-White D, Mader S, Lévesque D. Selective ligand activity at Nur/retinoid X receptor complexes revealed by dimer-specific bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based sensors. FASEB J 2015; 29:4256-67. [PMID: 26148973 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-259804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) play a role as master regulators because of their capacity to form heterodimers with other nuclear receptors (NRs). Accordingly, retinoid signaling is involved in multiple biologic processes, including development, cell differentiation, metabolism, and cell death. However, the role and function of RXRs in different heterodimer complexes remain unidentified, mainly because most RXR drugs (called rexinoids) are not selective of specific heterodimer complexes. The lack of selectivity strongly limits the use of rexinoids for specific therapeutic approaches. To better characterize rexinoids at specific NR complexes, we have developed and optimized luciferase (Luc) protein complementation(PCA)-based bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assays that can directly measure recruitment of a coactivator (CoA) motif fused to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) by specific NR dimers. To validate the assays, we compared rexinoid modulation of CoA recruitment by the RXR homodimer and by the heterodimers Nur77/RXR and Nurr1/RXR. Results revealed that some rexinoids display selective CoA recruitment activities with homo- or heterodimer complexes. In particular, SR11237 (BMS649) has stronger potency for recruitment of CoA motif and transcriptional activity with the heterodimer Nur77/RXR than other complexes. This technology should be useful in identifying new compounds with specificity for individual dimeric species formed by NRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier C Giner
- *Faculté de Pharmacie and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, and Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - David Cotnoir-White
- *Faculté de Pharmacie and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, and Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Mader
- *Faculté de Pharmacie and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, and Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Daniel Lévesque
- *Faculté de Pharmacie and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament, and Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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41
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Brun PJ, Grijalva A, Rausch R, Watson E, Yuen JJ, Das BC, Shudo K, Kagechika H, Leibel RL, Blaner WS. Retinoic acid receptor signaling is required to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and β-cell mass. FASEB J 2015; 29. [PMID: 25389133 PMCID: PMC4314234 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-256743 10.1096/fj.14-256743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid signaling is required for maintaining a range of cellular processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the actions of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) signaling in pancreatic β-cells of adult mice. atRA signaling was ablated in β-cells by overexpressing a dominant-negative retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-α mutant (RARdn) using an inducible Cre-Lox system under the control of the pancreas duodenal homeobox gene promoter. Our studies establish that hypomorphism for RAR in β-cells leads to an age-dependent decrease in plasma insulin in the fed state and in response to a glucose challenge. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was also impaired in islets isolated from mice expressing RARdn. Among genes that are atRA responsive, Glut2 and Gck mRNA levels were decreased in isolated islets from RARdn-expressing mice. Histologic analyses of RARdn-expressing pancreata revealed a decrease in β-cell mass and insulin per β-cell 1 mo after induction of the RARdn. Our results indicate that atRA signaling mediated by RARs is required in the adult pancreas for maintaining both β-cell function and mass, and provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William S. Blaner
- Correspondence: Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. E-mail:
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42
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Wang CX, Jiang H, Yuen JJ, Lee SA, Narayanasamy S, Curley RW, Harrison EH, Blaner WS. Actions of β-apo-carotenoids in differentiating cells: differential effects in P19 cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 572:2-10. [PMID: 25602703 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
β-Apo-carotenoids, including β-apo-13-carotenone and β-apo-14'-carotenal, are potent retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonists in transactivation assays. We asked how these influence RAR-dependent processes in living cells. Initially, we explored the effects of β-apo-13-carotenone and β-apo-14'-carotenal on P19 cells, a mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line that differentiates into neurons when treated with all-trans-retinoic acid. Treatment of P19 cells with either compound failed to block all-trans-retinoic acid induced differentiation. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry studies, however, established that neither of these β-apo-carotenoids accumulates in P19 cells. All-trans-retinoic acid accumulated to high levels in P19 cells. This suggests that the uptake and metabolism of β-apo-carotenoids by some cells does not involve the same processes used for retinoids and that these may be cell type specific. We also investigated the effects of two β-apo-carotenoids on 3T3-L1 adipocyte marker gene expression during adipocyte differentiation. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with either β-apo-13-carotenone or β-apo-10'-carotenoic acid, which lacks RAR antagonist activity, stimulated adipocyte marker gene expression. Neither blocked the inhibitory effects of a relatively large dose of exogenous all-trans-retinoic acid on adipocyte differentiation. Our data suggest that in addition to acting as transcriptional antagonists, some β-apo-carotenoids act through other mechanisms to influence 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia X Wang
- Columbia College, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Hongfeng Jiang
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jason J Yuen
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Seung-Ah Lee
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Sureshbabu Narayanasamy
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States; Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Robert W Curley
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Earl H Harrison
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - William S Blaner
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States.
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Induced differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells into M2 macrophages by combined treatment with retinoic acid and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113722. [PMID: 25409436 PMCID: PMC4237509 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoids and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells into granulocyte and macrophage lineages, respectively. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which is effective in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, can induce differentiation of other types of myeloid leukemia cells, and combined treatment with retinoid and 1,25(OH)2D3 effectively enhances the differentiation of leukemia cells into macrophage-like cells. Recent work has classified macrophages into M1 and M2 types. In this study, we investigated the effect of combined treatment with retinoid and 1,25(OH)2D3 on differentiation of myeloid leukemia THP-1 and HL60 cells. 9-cis Retinoic acid (9cRA) plus 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited proliferation of THP-1 and HL60 cells and increased myeloid differentiation markers including nitroblue tetrazolium reducing activity and expression of CD14 and CD11b. ATRA and the synthetic retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80 exhibited similar effects in combination with 1,25(OH)2D3 but less effectively than 9cRA, while the retinoid X receptor agonist HX630 was not effective. 9cRA plus 1,25(OH)2D3 effectively increased expression of M2 macrophage marker genes, such as CD163, ARG1 and IL10, increased surface CD163 expression, and induced interleukin-10 secretion in myeloid leukemia cells, while 9cRA alone had weaker effects on these phenotypes and 1,25(OH)2D3 was not effective. Taken together, our results demonstrate selective induction of M2 macrophage markers in human myeloid leukemia cells by combined treatment with 9cRA and 1,25(OH)2D3.
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Brun PJ, Grijalva A, Rausch R, Watson E, Yuen JJ, Das BC, Shudo K, Kagechika H, Leibel RL, Blaner WS. Retinoic acid receptor signaling is required to maintain glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and β-cell mass. FASEB J 2014; 29:671-83. [PMID: 25389133 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-256743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid signaling is required for maintaining a range of cellular processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. We investigated the actions of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) signaling in pancreatic β-cells of adult mice. atRA signaling was ablated in β-cells by overexpressing a dominant-negative retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-α mutant (RARdn) using an inducible Cre-Lox system under the control of the pancreas duodenal homeobox gene promoter. Our studies establish that hypomorphism for RAR in β-cells leads to an age-dependent decrease in plasma insulin in the fed state and in response to a glucose challenge. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was also impaired in islets isolated from mice expressing RARdn. Among genes that are atRA responsive, Glut2 and Gck mRNA levels were decreased in isolated islets from RARdn-expressing mice. Histologic analyses of RARdn-expressing pancreata revealed a decrease in β-cell mass and insulin per β-cell 1 mo after induction of the RARdn. Our results indicate that atRA signaling mediated by RARs is required in the adult pancreas for maintaining both β-cell function and mass, and provide insights into molecular mechanisms underlying these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jacques Brun
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ambar Grijalva
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Richard Rausch
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Elizabeth Watson
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jason J Yuen
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bhaskar C Das
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Shudo
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rudolph L Leibel
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - William S Blaner
- Departments of *Medicine and Pediatrics and Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY USA; Department of Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA; Research Foundation Itsuu Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan; and Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Hurst RJM, Hopwood T, Gallagher AL, Partridge FA, Burgis T, Sattelle DB, Else KJ. An antagonist of the retinoid X receptor reduces the viability of Trichuris muris in vitro. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:520. [PMID: 25261877 PMCID: PMC4261559 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trichuriasis is a parasitic disease caused by the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura. It affects millions worldwide, particularly in the tropics. This nematode parasite burrows into the colonic epithelium resulting in inflammation and morbidity, especially in children. Current treatment relies mainly on general anthelmintics such as mebendazole but resistance to these drugs is increasingly problematic. Therefore, new treatments are urgently required. Methods The prospect of using the retinoid X receptor (RXR) antagonist HX531 as a novel anthelmintic was investigated by carrying out multiple viability assays with the mouse whipworm Trichuris muris. Results HX531 reduced both the motility and viability of T. muris at its L3, L4 and adult stages. Further, bioinformatic analyses show that the T. muris genome possesses an RXR-like receptor, a possible target for HX531. Conclusions The study suggested that Trichuris-specific RXR antagonists may be a source of much-needed novel anthelmintic candidates for the treatment of trichuriasis. The identification of an RXR-like sequence in the T. muris genome also paves the way for further research based on this new anthelmintic lead compound. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-520) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J M Hurst
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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Fang S, Niu X, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Si X, Shan C, Wei L, Xu A, Feng L, Ma C. A one-pot synthetic strategy for construction of the dibenzodiazepine skeleton via a transition metal-free process. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6895-900. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00871e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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Laha JK, Satyanarayana Tummalapalli KS, Gupta A. Mechanistic Insights into the Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Synthesis of 10,11-Dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepines. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Rothwell CM, Spencer GE. Retinoid signaling is necessary for, and promotes long-term memory formation following operant conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014; 114:127-40. [PMID: 24925874 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid, a metabolite of vitamin A, is proposed to play an important role in vertebrate learning and memory, as well as hippocampal-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, it has not yet been determined whether retinoic acid plays a similar role in learning and memory in invertebrates. In this study, we report that retinoid signaling in the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis, is required for long-term memory formation following operant conditioning of its aerial respiratory behaviour. Animals were exposed to inhibitors of the RALDH enzyme (which synthesizes retinoic acid), or various retinoid receptor antagonists. Following exposure to these inhibitors, neither learning nor intermediate-term memory (lasting 2 h) was affected, but long-term memory formation (tested at either 24 or 72 h) was inhibited. We next demonstrated that various retinoid receptor agonists promoted long-term memory formation. Using a training paradigm shown only to produce intermediate-term memory (lasting 2 h, but not 24 h) we found that exposure of animals to synthetic retinoids promoted memory formation that lasted up to 30 h. These findings suggest that the role of retinoids in memory formation is ancient in origin, and that retinoid signaling is also important for the formation of implicit memories, in addition to its previously demonstrated role in hippocampal-dependent memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailin M Rothwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Gaynor E Spencer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Lutein, a Nonprovitamin A, Activates the Retinoic Acid Receptor to Induce HAS3-Dependent Hyaluronan Synthesis in Keratinocytes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1282-6. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Binding affinity and efficacy-based pharmacophore modeling studies of retinoic acid receptor alpha agonists and virtual screening for potential agonists from NCI. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-0939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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