1
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Hu F, Morris PJ, Bonaventura J, Fan H, Mathews WB, Holt DP, Lam S, Boehm M, Dannals RF, Pomper MG, Michaelides M, Horti AG. 18F-labeled radiotracers for in vivo imaging of DREADD with positron emission tomography. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 213:113047. [PMID: 33280897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADD) are a preclinical chemogenetic approach with clinical potential for various disorders. In vivo visualization of DREADDs has been achieved with positron emission tomography (PET) using 11C radiotracers. The objective of this study was to develop DREADD radiotracers labeled with 18F for a longer isotope half-life. A series of non-radioactive fluorinated analogs of clozapine with a wide range of in vitro binding affinities for the hM3Dq and hM4Di DREADD receptors has been synthesized for PET. Compound [18F]7b was radiolabeled via a modified 18F-deoxyfluorination protocol with a commercial ruthenium reagent. [18F]7b demonstrated encouraging PET imaging properties in a DREADD hM3Dq transgenic mouse model, whereas the radiotracer uptake in the wild type mouse brain was low. [18F]7b is a promising long-lived alternative to the DREADD radiotracers [11C]clozapine ([11C]CLZ) and [11C]deschloroclozapine ([11C]DCZ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hu
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Patrick J Morris
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Jordi Bonaventura
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Hong Fan
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - William B Mathews
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Daniel P Holt
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sherry Lam
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Matthew Boehm
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Robert F Dannals
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Martin G Pomper
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA; Department of Psychiatry and behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 221205, USA
| | - Andrew G Horti
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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2
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Watanabe H, Ishida K, Yamamoto M, Horiguchi M, Isobe Y. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 11-(1,6-dimethyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepines with clozapine-like receptor occupancy at dopamine D 1/D 2 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127563. [PMID: 32976928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Clozapine-like compound without agranulocytosis risk is need to cure the treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS). We discovered (S)-3 as Clozapine-like dopamine D2/D1 receptor selectivity and improved reactive metabolites formation profile by the modification of piperazine moiety in Clozapine. The optimization of (S)-3 gave compound 5 to be best compound (approximately 10-fold stronger affinity for D2/D1 receptor and similar D2/D1 selectivity ratio with Clozapine). Clozapine-like D2/D1 receptor occupancy profile was proved by in vivo evaluation. In addition, the reactive metabolites derived agranulocytosis risk of compound 5 was considered to be lower than Clozapine. The pharmacology detail of compound 5 is being investigated to develop it for TRS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Watanabe
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Co., Ltd. 3-1-98, Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Kyoji Ishida
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Co., Ltd. 3-1-98, Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Masanori Yamamoto
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Co., Ltd. 3-1-98, Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Masakuni Horiguchi
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Co., Ltd. 3-1-98, Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Isobe
- Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. Co., Ltd. 3-1-98, Kasugade-naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan.
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3
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Praveen Kumar C, Reddy TS, Mainkar PS, Bansal V, Shukla R, Chandrasekhar S, Hügel HM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 5,10-dihydro-11 H -dibenzo[ b,e ][1,4]diazepin-11-one structural derivatives as anti-cancer and apoptosis inducing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 108:674-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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4
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Moriconi A, Cesta MC, Cervellera MN, Aramini A, Coniglio S, Colagioia S, Beccari AR, Bizzarri C, Cavicchia MR, Locati M, Galliera E, Di Benedetto P, Vigilante P, Bertini R, Allegretti M. Design of Noncompetitive Interleukin-8 Inhibitors Acting on CXCR1 and CXCR2. J Med Chem 2007; 50:3984-4002. [PMID: 17665889 DOI: 10.1021/jm061469t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines CXCL8 and CXCL1 play a key role in the recruitment of neutrophils at the site of inflammation. CXCL8 binds two membrane receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, whereas CXCL1 is a selective agonist for CXCR2. In the past decade, the physiopathological role of CXCL8 and CXCL1 has been investigated. A novel class of small molecular weight allosteric CXCR1 inhibitors was identified, and reparixin, the first drug candidate, is currently under clinical investigation in the prevention of ischemia/reperfusion injury in organ transplantation. Reparixin binding mode to CXCR1 has been studied and used for a computer-assisted design program of dual allosteric CXCR1 and CXCR2 inhibitors. In this paper, the results of modeling-driven SAR studies for the identification of potent dual inhibitors are discussed, and three new compounds (56, 67, and 79) sharing a common triflate moiety have been selected as potential leads with optimized pharmacokinetic characteristics.
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MESH Headings
- Allosteric Regulation
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemical synthesis
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
- Dinoprostone/biosynthesis
- Humans
- Interleukin-8/antagonists & inhibitors
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/physiology
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects
- Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism
- Mesylates/chemical synthesis
- Mesylates/chemistry
- Mesylates/pharmacology
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Mutation
- Phenylpropionates/chemical synthesis
- Phenylpropionates/chemistry
- Phenylpropionates/pharmacology
- Propionates/chemical synthesis
- Propionates/pharmacokinetics
- Propionates/pharmacology
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Stereoisomerism
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Moriconi
- Research Centre, Dompé pha.r.ma s.p.a., via Campo di Pile, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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5
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Sasikumar TK, Burnett DA, Zhang H, Smith-Torhan A, Fawzi A, Lachowicz JE. Hydrazides of clozapine: a new class of D1 dopamine receptor subtype selective antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4543-7. [PMID: 16809034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Acylated and aroylated hydrazinoclozapines are highly potent dopamine D(1) antagonists that show remarkable selectivity over other dopamine receptors. The most potent compound in this series is the 2,6-dimethoxybenzhydrazide 33 with a D(1)K(i) of 1.6 nM and 212-fold selectivity over D(2) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Sasikumar
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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6
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Su J, Tang H, McKittrick BA, Burnett DA, Zhang H, Smith-Torhan A, Fawzi A, Lachowicz J. Modification of the clozapine structure by parallel synthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4548-53. [PMID: 16806922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A structure-activity study based on the core structure of clozapine 1b was accomplished by utilizing high-throughput synthesis. Several focused libraries were designed and synthesized to quickly develop SAR. The results indicate that by varying different regions of clozapine, both D(1)-selective and D(2)-selective compounds can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Department of Chemical Research, Schering-Plough Research Institute K15 2545, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
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7
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Liégeois JF, Eyrolles L, Ellenbroek BA, Lejeune C, Carato P, Bruhwyler J, Géczy J, Damas J, Delarge J. New pyridobenzodiazepine derivatives: modifications of the basic side chain differentially modulate binding to dopamine (D(4.2), D(2L)) and serotonin (5-HT(2A)) receptors. J Med Chem 2002; 45:5136-49. [PMID: 12408724 DOI: 10.1021/jm0104825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of new pyridobenzodiazepines with variation of the basic side chain were synthesized and evaluated for their binding to D(4.2), D(2L), and 5-HT(2A) receptors in comparison with clozapine, haloperidol, and two parent compounds previously described, 8-chloro-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-11H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine (8) and 8-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-11H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzodiazepine (9). In the piperazine series, replacing the N-methyl group by a N-phenyl moiety (15-17, 30-32) provided a dramatic decrease of affinity for all receptors (K(i) > 1000 nM). A N-cyclohexyl group (20, 35) restored some affinity. Compounds with a N-benzyl (18, 33) or N-phenethyl side chain (19, 34) had significant affinities at D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) receptors. Homologation of the piperazine nucleus (29, 44) led to a significant decrease of the affinity at all receptors investigated. In the 4-aminopiperidine series, N-methyl derivatives (21, 36) possessed less affinity in comparison with the N-methylpiperazine analogues (8, 9) while the N-benzyl congeners (22, 37) showed similar affinities. The rigidification of piperidine nucleus as obtained in azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane derivatives (23, 38) involved a slight reduction of the affinity at D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) receptors while the affinity at D(2L) receptors was dramatically increased. The introduction of N-substituted aminoalkylamines to replace N-methylpiperazine generally led to a significant decrease in the affinity for D(4.2) receptors but some of these molecules (24, 25, 41) presented a significant 5-HT(2A) binding affinity. The presence of a more flexible side chain induced an increased conformational freedom. Consequently, the preferential position of the distal nitrogen or its basicity in piperazine derivatives was greatly modified. 19 with a high D(4.2) and 5-HT(2A) affinity (K(i) = 40 and 103 nM, respectively) did not induce cataleptic phenomenon in the paw test in rats but significantly reduced the immobility time in Porsolt's test in mice suggesting antidepressant properties.
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MESH Headings
- Amines/chemical synthesis
- Amines/chemistry
- Amines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antidepressive Agents/chemical synthesis
- Antidepressive Agents/chemistry
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Benzodiazepines/chemical synthesis
- Benzodiazepines/chemistry
- Benzodiazepines/pharmacology
- Catalepsy/chemically induced
- Cell Line
- Dopamine Agents/chemical synthesis
- Dopamine Agents/chemistry
- Dopamine Agents/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Molecular Conformation
- Piperazines/chemical synthesis
- Piperazines/chemistry
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperidines/chemical synthesis
- Piperidines/chemistry
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/drug effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D4
- Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects
- Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism
- Serotonin Agents/chemical synthesis
- Serotonin Agents/chemistry
- Serotonin Agents/pharmacology
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Liégeois
- Natural and Synthetic Drugs Research Center, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Liège, avenue de l'Hôpital 1 (B36), Belgium.
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8
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9
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Mouithys-Mickalad A, Kauffmann JM, Petit C, Bruhwyler J, Liao Y, Wikström H, Damas J, Delarge J, Deby-Dupont G, Géczy J, Liégeois JF. Electrooxidation potential as a tool in the early screening for new safer clozapine-like analogues. J Med Chem 2001; 44:769-76. [PMID: 11262087 DOI: 10.1021/jm000221f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chemical modification of clozapine (1) has permitted the finding of new analogues, e.g., olanzapine (2), quetiapine (3), 5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-8-chloropyrido[2,3-b][1,5]benzoxazepine fumarate (9), with a clinical or psychopharmacological profile similar to that of clozapine. However, when developing new derivatives, the designers are discouraged by the development of clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. Different researchers have raised the role played by the oxidizability of the molecule in such a deleterious effect. In the present paper, we examined the oxidation profile (direct scavenging abilities, efficacy in inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and electrooxidation potential) of newly developed methoxy and trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy analogues related to clozapine, some of them being described as putative antipsychotic. The oxazepine derivative 7, unlike the other diazepine derivatives (6, 10--12), was not readily oxidized. Using a statistical predictive model for hematotoxicity previously described, 7 was found in the cluster of potentially nontoxic compounds while diazepine derivatives 6 and 10-12 were classified as potentially toxic compounds. Among these original compounds, 7, which presents a preclinical clozapine-like profile and a low sensitivity to oxidation, could be a promising antipsychotic candidate with low side effects. Considering the tricyclic derivatives examined so far, some elements of structure-oxidation relationship (SOR) might be pointed out. Regarding the nature of the tricyclic ring substituent, from the most to the least sensitive to oxidation, the sequence was as follows: HO > Cl > CH(3)O > CF(3)SO(2)O. The nature of the tricyclic ring influenced also the sensitivity to oxidation; the diazepine moiety appeared to be the most reactive ring compared to oxa- and thiazepine congeners. These parameters could be advantageously integrated in the early design of new safer clozapine-like analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mouithys-Mickalad
- Center for Oxygen Research and Development, University of Liège, 17 allée de la Chimie (B6a), B-4000 Liège 1, Belgium
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10
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Liao Y, Venhuis BJ, Rodenhuis N, Timmerman W, Wikström H, Meier E, Bartoszyk GD, Böttcher H, Seyfried CA, Sundell S. New (sulfonyloxy)piperazinyldibenzazepines as potential atypical antipsychotics: chemistry and pharmacological evaluation. J Med Chem 1999; 42:2235-44. [PMID: 10377229 DOI: 10.1021/jm991005d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2- or 8-trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy (TfO) and 2- or 8-methylsulfonyloxy (MsO) 11-piperazinyldibenzodiazepines, -oxazepines, and -thiazepines were synthesized and evaluated in pharmacological models for their potential clozapine-like properties. In receptor binding assays, the 2-TfO analogues (18a, GMC2-83; 24, GMC3-06; and previously reported GMC1-169, 9a) of the dibenzazepines have profiles comparable to that of clozapine, acting on a variety of CNS receptors except they lack M1 receptor affinity. Introduction of 2-TfO to clozapine leads to compound 9e (GMC61-39) which has a similar binding profile as that of clozapine including having M1 receptor affinity. Interestingly, the MsO analogues, as well as the 8-TfO analogues, have no or weak dopaminergic and serotonergic affinities, but all 8-sulfonyloxy analogues do have M1 affinities. In behavioral studies performed to indicate the potential antipsychotic efficacy and the propensity to induce EPS, 2-TfO analogues blocked effectively the apomorphine-induced climbing in mice in a dose-dependent manner with ED50 values (mg/kg) of 2.1 sc for 9a, 1.3 po for 18a, 2.6 sc for 24, and 8.2 sc for 9e. On the other hand, they showed a clear dose separation with regard to their ED50 values (mg/kg) for indicating catalepsy in rats (>44 sc for 9a, 28 po for 18a, 30 sc for 24, and >50 sc for 9e, respectively), thus implicating a more favorable therapeutic ratio (K/A, ED50 climbing/ED50 catalepsy) in comparison with typical neuroleptics such as haloperidol and isoclozapine. Furthermore, compound 18a was also demonstrated to be an orally potent DA antagonist with an ED50 value of 0.7 mg/kg po in the ex vivo L-DOPA accumulation model. The present study contributes to the SAR of 11-piperazinyldibenzazepines, and the 2-TfO analogues of 11-piperazinyldibenzazepines are promising candidates as clozapine-like atypical antipsychotics with low propensity to induce EPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liao
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Göteborg, Box 440, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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11
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12
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