1
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Intano J, Riel LP, Lim J, Robinson JR, Howell AR. 1,6-Dioxo-2-azaspiro[3.4]oct-2-enes and Related Spirocycles: Heterocycles from [3 + 2] Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions with 2-Methyleneoxetanes, -Thietanes, and -Azetidines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38016079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Isoxazolines and 4-membered heterocycles are significant structural motifs in numerous synthetic intermediates and natural products. [3 + 2] Cycloadditions between enol ethers and nitrile oxides have been well studied; however, nitrile oxide cycloadditions with 4-membered heterocycles to give spiroisoxazolines are unreported. Here, we showcase the regio- and diastereoselective [3 + 2] nitrile oxide cycloadditions of 2-methyleneoxetanes, -azetidines, and -thietanes to give an array of 1,6-dioxo-2-azaspiro[3.4]oct-2-enes and related spirocycles. 2D NMR experiments suggested that most of the observed diastereoselectivities were dictated by steric interactions; however, dipolarophiles with H bonding donors reversed the stereochemical outcome. X-ray crystallography confirmed the structural assignments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Intano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Louis P Riel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jacky Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jerome R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Amy R Howell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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2
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Kumar V. Designed Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins and Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules: A Personal Account. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1480-6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydantoin and its analogues such as thiohydantoin and iminohydantoin have received substantial attention from both a chemical and a biological point of view. Several compounds of this class have shown useful pharmacological activities such as anticonvulsant, antitumor, antiarrhythmic, and herbicidal properties that have led, in some cases, to clinical applications. Because of these broad-spectrum activities, intensive research efforts have been dedicated in industry and academia to the synthesis and structural modifications of hydantoin and its derivatives. Realizing the importance of hydantoin in organic and medicinal chemistry, we also initiated a research program that successfully designed and developed new routes and methods for the formation of hydantoin, thiohydantoin, and iminohydantoin substituted at various positions, particularly at the N-1 position without following a protection–deprotection strategy. Because combinations of two or more pharmacophoric groups can lead to hybrid molecules that display a mixed mechanism of action on biological targets, we extended our developed strategy to the syntheses of new types of hydantoin-based hybrid molecules by combining hydantoin with a triazole, isoxazoline, or phosphate scaffold as a second pharmacophore to exploit their diverse biological functions.1 Introduction2 Chemistry and Properties2.1 Physical Properties2.2 Chemical Properties2.3 Biological Properties3 General Synthetic Methods4 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins5 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Thiohydantoins6 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Iminohydantoins7 Fused or Bicyclic (Thio)hydantoins8 Di- or Multivalent (Thio)hydantoins9 Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules9.1 Hydantoin–Isooxazoline Hybrids9.2 Hydantoin–Triazole Hybrids9.3 Hydantoin–Phosphate Hybrids: Phosphorylated Hydantoins10 Summary and Outlook
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3
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Bogolubsky AV, Moroz YS, Savych O, Pipko S, Konovets A, Platonov MO, Vasylchenko OV, Hurmach VV, Grygorenko OO. An Old Story in the Parallel Synthesis World: An Approach to Hydantoin Libraries. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2018; 20:35-43. [PMID: 29227678 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.7b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An approach to the parallel synthesis of hydantoin libraries by reaction of in situ generated 2,2,2-trifluoroethylcarbamates and α-amino esters was developed. To demonstrate utility of the method, a library of 1158 hydantoins designed according to the lead-likeness criteria (MW 200-350, cLogP 1-3) was prepared. The success rate of the method was analyzed as a function of physicochemical parameters of the products, and it was found that the method can be considered as a tool for lead-oriented synthesis. A hydantoin-bearing submicromolar primary hit acting as an Aurora kinase A inhibitor was discovered with a combination of rational design, parallel synthesis using the procedures developed, in silico and in vitro screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurii S. Moroz
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Olena Savych
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Sergey Pipko
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Angelika Konovets
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Vasyl V. Hurmach
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Chervonotkatska
Street, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
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4
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Yıldırım A, Kaya Y. High diastereoselectivity induced by intermolecular hydrogen bonding in [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction: experimental and computational mechanistic approaches. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayhan Yıldırım
- Department of Chemistry; Uludağ University; 16059 Bursa Turkey
| | - Yunus Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Architecture and Engineering; Bursa Technical University; Bursa Turkey
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5
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Brandi A, Cicchi S, Cordero FM, Goti A. Progress in the synthesis and transformations of alkylidenecyclopropanes and alkylidenecyclobutanes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7317-420. [PMID: 24927495 DOI: 10.1021/cr400686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Brandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Ugo Schiff", Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via della Lastruccia 13, I-50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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6
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A compendium of cyclic sugar amino acids and their carbocyclic and heterocyclic nitrogen analogues. Amino Acids 2013; 45:613-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1521-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Dadiboyena S, Nefzi A. Parallel Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Aminobenzimidazole Tethered Sultams and Benzothiazepinones. Tetrahedron Lett 2012; 53:6897-6900. [PMID: 23209332 PMCID: PMC3510662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A solid-phase methodology to construct aminobenzimidazole tethered sultams and benzothiazepinones from commercial amino acids, amines, carboxylic acids and sulfonyl chlorides is described. Coupling of Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH to resin-bound aminobenzimidazole scaffold provided an essential precursor for the construction of a variety of seven membered benzofused cyclic sulfonamides and thiazepinones via palladium catalyzed Buchwald-Hartwig type intramolecular cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sureshbabu Dadiboyena
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987 USA
| | - Adel Nefzi
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987 USA
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA
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8
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Selective nitrile oxide dipolar cycloaddition for the synthesis of highly functionalized β-aminocyclohexanecarboxylate stereoisomers. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Dhara K, Midya GC, Dash J. A Diversity-Oriented Approach to Spirocyclic and Fused Hydantoins via Olefin Metathesis. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8071-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301234r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Dhara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West
Bengal 741252, India
| | - Ganesh Chandra Midya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West
Bengal 741252, India
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science,
Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West
Bengal 741252, India
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science,
Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India
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10
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Ishigaki M, Inumaru M, Satoh T. New synthesis of allylidenecyclobutanes by the reaction of cyclobutylmagnesium carbenoids with vinyl sulfones. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Singh V, Yadav GP, Maulik PR, Batra S. Synthesis of substituted 3-methylene-2-pyridones from Baylis–Hillman derivatives and its application for the generation of 2-pyridone substituted spiroisoxazolines. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Shih HW, Cheng WC. Solution-phase parallel synthesis of highly diverse spiroisoxazolinohydantoins. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Teng X, Degterev A, Jagtap P, Xing X, Choi S, Denu R, Yuan J, Cuny GD. Structure-activity relationship study of novel necroptosis inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:5039-44. [PMID: 16153840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/29/2005] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a regulated caspase-independent cell death mechanism that results in morphological features resembling necrosis. It can be induced in a FADD-deficient variant of human Jurkat T cells treated with TNF-alpha. 5-(1H-Indol-3-ylmethyl)-2-thiohydantoins and 5-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)hydantoins were found to be potent necroptosis inhibitors (called necrostatins). A SAR study revealed that several positions of the indole were intolerant of substitution, while small substituents at the 7-position resulted in increased inhibitory activity. The hydantoin ring was also quite sensitive to structural modifications. A representative member of this compound class demonstrated moderate pharmacokinetic characteristics and readily entered the central nervous system upon intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Teng
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery in Neurodegeneration, Harvard Center for Neurodegeneration and Repair, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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14
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Kim JJ, Wood MR. An Efficient Procedure for Preparation ofC‐ andN‐Protected 1‐Aminocyclobutane Carboxylic Acid. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120027708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Conti P, Roda G, Stabile H, Vanoni MA, Curti B, De Amici M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new amino acids structurally related to the antitumor agent acivicin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 58:683-90. [PMID: 13679161 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(03)00107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A set of racemic conformationally constrained analogues of the antitumor antibiotic acivicin (+)-1 has been prepared through a strategy based on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of bromonitrile oxide to suitable dipolarophiles. The bromo analogue (2) of acivicin was also synthesized and tested as a reference compound, together with its stereoisomer 3. The antitumor properties of novel amino acids 4-7 were evaluated in vitro against human tumor cell lines. Their efficacy to inhibit glutamate synthase (GltS) from Azospirillum brasilense was also assayed. None of the studied compounds, but 2, showed significant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Conti
- Istituto di Chimica Farmaceutica, Università di Milano, viale Abruzzi 42, Milano 20131, Italy.
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16
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Intramolecular [3+2] nitrile oxide cycloaddition: synthesis of tetrahydroisoxazoloindazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Chowdhury MA, Senboku H, Tokuda M. A new synthesis of ring-fused alkylidenecyclobutanes by ring-enlargement reaction of bicyclo[n.1.0]alkylidene derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(03)00571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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19
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20
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Conti P, De Amici M, Bräuner-Osborne H, Madsen U, Toma L, De Micheli C. Synthesis and pharmacology of 3-hydroxy-delta2-isoxazoline-cyclopentane analogues of glutamic acid. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 2002; 57:889-95. [PMID: 12484537 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(02)01307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and pharmacology of two potential glutamic acid receptor ligands are described. Preparation of the bicyclic 3-hydroxy-delta2-isoxazoline-cyclopentane derivatives (+/-)-7 and (+/-)-8 was accomplished via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of bromonitrile oxide to suitably protected 1-amino-cyclopent-3-enecarboxylic acids. Their structure was established using a combination of 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular mechanics calculations carried out on the intermediate cycloadducts (+/-)-11 and (+/-)-12. Amino acid derivatives (+/-)-7 and (+/-)-8 were assayed at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamic acid receptor subtypes and their activity compared with that of trans-ACPD and cis-ACPD. The results show that the replacement of the omega-carboxylic group of the model compounds with the 3-hydroxy-delta2-isoxazoline moiety abolishes or reduces drastically the activity at the metabotropic glutamate receptors. Conversely, on passing from cis-ACPD to derivative (+/-)-8, the agonist activity at NMDA receptors is almost unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Conti
- Istituto di Chimica Farmaceutica, Università di Milano, viale Abruzzi, 42, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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21
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22
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Cheng WC, Liu Y, Wong M, Olmstead MM, Lam KS, Kurth MJ. Stereoselective synthesis of unnatural spiroisoxazolinoproline-based amino acids and derivatives. J Org Chem 2002; 67:5673-7. [PMID: 12153267 DOI: 10.1021/jo025611j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A route to spiroisoxazolinoproline-based amino acid derivatives is reported in which exo-methyleneprolinate 4 (tert-butyl ester) reacts as a dipolarophile with nitrile oxides to generate spiroisoxazolinoprolinates 7/10/11 in good yields (70-75%) and with ca. 1:4 cis:trans diastereoselectivity. tert-Butyl spiroisoxazolinoprolinates were separable by column chromatography and amenable to scale-up leading to single diastereoisomers of N-Boc and N-Fmoc protected spiroisoxazolinoproline amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295, USA
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23
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Cheng WC, Wong M, Olmstead MM, Kurth MJ. Solid-phase synthesis of novel isoxazolocyclobutanones and isoxazolinocyclobutenones. Org Lett 2002; 4:741-4. [PMID: 11869116 DOI: 10.1021/ol017194n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The preparation of novel isoxazolocyclobutanone and isoxazolinocyclobutenone derivatives via a traceless solid-phase sulfone linker strategy is described. Key steps in the solid-phase protocol reported here include (i) sulfinate right arrow sulfone alkylation, (ii) four-member ring formation by sulfone dianion alkylation, (iii) heterocycle formation by nitrile oxide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, and (iv) traceless product release by cyclobutanol right arrow cyclobutanone oxidation with concomitant linker cleavage by sulfinate elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-5295, USA
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24
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Leardini R, Lunazzi L, Mazzanti A, Nanni D. Conformational studies by dynamic NMR. 85. Stereomutation of conformational atropisomers of o-tert-butylphenyl alkyl ketones. J Org Chem 2001; 66:7879-82. [PMID: 11701052 DOI: 10.1021/jo010521k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Leardini
- Department of Organic Chemistry A. Mangini, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 4 Bologna 40136, Italy
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